EP1022386A2 - Method for fixing a railway track on supporting slabs of a substructure, as well as an apparatus and shuttering for applying this method - Google Patents

Abstract

Method for installing a track (11) on support plates (12) of a solid track (10), in which the sleepers (15) are first stabilized with a hardening stabilizing mass (26), then the rails (16) on the sleepers (15) loosened and only firmly connected to the sleepers (15) when / or after the final fastening of the sleepers (15) on the support plates (12) in order to prevent changes in length of the rails (16) due to temperature changes on the aligned sleepers (15) allow to act before they are firmly connected to the surface and can absorb such forces. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a method for installing a Rails and sleepers of existing track on support plates one fixed carriageway, the track initially with vertical and horizontal Adjustment means aligned vertically and horizontally and is supported on support means.

The invention further relates to a formwork and a conveying and installation device for feeding and installing one flowable, hardening stabilizing compound under the sleepers of a track on a solid track.

In the case of railroad tracks for railroad trains running at very high speed run, the track is on as a solid carriageway Base plates laid out of concrete or asphalt, with the sleepers of the track embedded in a filling concrete almost up to its upper edge and be firmly connected to the support plates. To one To achieve rapid construction progress, it is advisable to stop Prefabricate rails and sleepers and existing track grate the track with relatively large rail lengths on the Lay support plates and align them horizontally and vertically. Then the filling concrete between the sleepers and inserted the support plates, which is the final and permanent Connects between the track and the underground.

It is known to align the track with adjusting spindles with opposite the individual thresholds in height and sideways the support plates can be adjusted (DE 43 35 877 A1). The Track rust is then with these spindles or others, among the Support means arranged on rails supported on the support plates, until the final connection of the sleepers with the Carrier plates of the test roadway is made.

The difficulty with this mode of operation is that it is accurate aligned track its position until insertion and hardening of the filling concrete, but changes in position occur, which result from changes in the shape of the rails, these due to changes in the ambient temperature during installation suffer. For this reason, the period from relocating of the track until the filling concrete is brought in, in particular hot days, very short. This will make the construction progress inhibited, and there are many rail joints that have to be welded, which causes high costs.

The object of the invention is to avoid these disadvantages and to design a method of the type explained in more detail above, that large rail lengths can be installed and a quicker Construction progress is achieved without position corrections during installation of the aligned track are required.

This object is achieved with the invention in that the Thresholds after alignment by at least partially underfilling be stabilized with a hardening stabilizing compound, that then after the stabilizing compound has hardened sufficiently the rails on the sleepers loosened and only after the final and permanent attachment of the sleepers to the Carrier plates of the solid carriageway are fixed again with the sleepers get connected.

This configuration has the advantage that changes in length of the Rails due to changing temperature influences during installation the correct position of the aligned sleepers no longer can influence, since the rails after loosening the Rail fasteners on the sleepers in the longitudinal direction of the rail can move. Because to underfill the thresholds only small amounts of stabilizing compound are required the underfilling and stabilization of the sleepers is very quick. A very quickly hardening stabilizing compound is also useful used, which is sustainable after a short time and driving on the track just laid with transport and Installation equipment or a track laying and leveling machine allowed.

After the stabilizing compound has hardened, the adjusting means can also be used and / or the support means removed and at another Body can be reused.

As a stabilizing mass, pourable asphalt or Cement concrete used, which contains early high-strength binders.

The stabilizing compound can be applied to the whole of the sleepers Length can be arranged. As a rule, however, it is sufficient if the stabilizing mass under the sleepers is only of limited length is placed under the bearing points of the rails. The thresholds are not subjected to bending when the track driven by a heavy track laying and leveling machine as is the case with single-track tunnel sections, for example the case is.

In the production of double-track railway lines, in which a track is made from the neighboring track already made is, it is appropriate to stabilize the mass under Thresholds only a limited length under the ends and in front of you To arrange part of the top surfaces of the sleepers. The stabilizing compound not only supports the thresholds from below, but also on their faces, so that the sleepers also against lateral displacement are secured.

If the stabilizing mass is only placed under the sleeper ends , the filling concrete that is introduced later must also fill the gap between the underside of the sleeper and the bottom of the support plates Fill in so that the thresholds are fully supported. Because this filling concrete may be introduced much later as the stabilizing compound, it is already hardened, before the filling concrete hardens and reaches its final shrinkage. It can then happen that individual thresholds in the finished condition only at their ends over the stabilizing compound Support on the support plates, but in their middle area lying hollow. To avoid this, a special suggestion goes the invention, under the ends of the sleepers in the area limited length in which the stabilizing mass is introduced will arrange a setting strip of compressible material its thickness is the shrinkage of the later under the threshold attached filling concrete corresponds. This setting strip can from a glued or concreted on the underside of the threshold Non-woven strips of plastic or textile material exist, which compresses under load, so that then the threshold along its entire length on the hardened and under certain circumstances, filler concrete that has become a little thinner.

The stabilizing mass is useful with a transport and Installation device supplied and installed on the laid Track moves along its alignment. This promotion and Installation device consists of a train with light wagons, which storage containers for the stabilizing mass or its raw materials, an agitator or a mixer and the built-in devices for the masses and those of a small tractor, for example, a trolley moved in the longitudinal direction of the track become. Here, the tractor can also have an energy generator be equipped to drive the agitator or of the mixer and a pump or an injection unit for the To supply stabilizing mass with energy.

To limit the amount of stabilizing compound to be installed hold, a lost formwork is provided, which in a Embodiment of a sack made of one for hardening Mass partially permeable material is formed. The sack can from a coarse-mesh fabric, a fleece or a perforated Foil exist. This sack is with an injection hose or an injection lance with which this can be connected Sack filled with the hardening mass from the mixer or agitator after being in the space between the Underside of the threshold to be stabilized and the Support plate was arranged. The one filled in the sack with overpressure Stabilizing compound not only fills the sack, but also also partially emerges between the stitches of the fabric or the perforation of the film and also forms on the outside of the sack a layer consisting of the stabilizing mass, the combines well with the filling concrete to be introduced later, the is expediently produced on the same basis as the stabilizing compound, i.e. if the stabilizing mass is made of a cement concrete consists, the filling concrete is also a cement concrete. Will be against Asphalt concrete used as filling concrete is used as a stabilizing compound a bitumen-bound stabilizing compound is also useful.

In another embodiment, the formwork is lost for installing a flowable, hardening mass under the Sleeper of a track on the supporting plates of a solid carriageway according to the invention from a formwork frame with side walls Made of expanded metal, which fits between the support plate and the threshold and over at least one side surface or a top surface of the Threshold protrudes. Even with such a formwork frame Expanded metal walls can partially fill the stabilizing compound penetrate through the walls and get on well with the Interlock and connect the filling compound to be filled in later, so that Stabilizing compound and filling concrete in the final, hardened state form a monolithic body in which the thresholds of the track are firmly anchored.

The formwork frame can have two side walls and at least one Have front wall. One end wall fills the distance at least approximately between the threshold and the support plate. At the upper edge, this first end wall expediently has a curved one Tab that lies under the threshold and thereby the Formwork frame stabilized at the head end of the threshold. The sidewalls and, if necessary, a second end wall, which the formwork frame closes at the rear and also expediently made of expanded metal are higher than those below the threshold End wall of the formwork frame. The to the top of the side walls filled stabilizing compound not only underfills the threshold at their ends, but also trims them at theirs End faces, so that these sleepers against side shift are secured.

Fig. 1

ein auf einer festen Fahrbahn verlegtes Gleis mit Betonschwellen in verschiedenen Phasen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens mit einem darüberfahrenden leichten Zug der Beförderungs- und Einbaueinrichtung teilweise im Längsschnitt und teilweise in einer Seitenansicht;

Fig. 2

die feste Fahrbahn mit dem Gleis in einer dritten Einbauphase in einem Querschnitt nach Linie II-II;

Fig. 3

einen der Fig. 2 analogen Querschnitt einer etwas anderen Ausführungsform in der Ausrichtungsphase;

Fig. 4

den Gegenstand der Fig. 3 nach dem Einbringen der Stabilisiermasse, wobei die vertikalen Einstell- und Stützmittel und eine der horizontalen Einstellmittel bereits ausgebaut sind;

Fig. 5

eine der Fig. 4 analoge Darstellung einer anderen Ausführungsform von Schalungen für die Stabilisiermittel;

Fig. 6

eine der Fig. 4 analoge Darstellung einer weiteren Ausführungsform mit Stabilisiermasse und Schalungen unter den stirnseitigen Enden der Schwellen und

Fig. 7

einen der für die Schwellenstabilisierung nach Fig. 6 verwendeten Schalungsrahmen aus Streckmetall in einer perspektivischen Darstellung.

Further features and advantages of the invention result from the following description and the drawings, in which the method according to the invention and preferred embodiments of the formwork used here and the conveying and installation device are explained in more detail using examples. It shows:

Fig. 1

a track laid on a solid carriageway with concrete sleepers in various phases of the method according to the invention with a light train of the conveying and installation device traveling over it, partly in longitudinal section and partly in a side view;

Fig. 2

the fixed carriageway with the track in a third installation phase in a cross section according to line II-II;

Fig. 3

one of FIG. 2 cross-section analogous to a somewhat different embodiment in the alignment phase;

Fig. 4

the subject of Figure 3 after the introduction of the stabilizing mass, the vertical adjustment and support means and one of the horizontal adjustment means are already removed.

Fig. 5

one of the 4 analog representation of another embodiment of formwork for the stabilizing agent;

Fig. 6

one of FIG. 4 analog representation of a further embodiment with stabilizing mass and formwork under the front ends of the sleepers and

Fig. 7

one of the formwork frames made of expanded metal used for the threshold stabilization according to FIG. 6 in a perspective view.

In the drawings, 10 is a fixed track for a track 11, which consists essentially of prefabricated support plates 12 consists of reinforced concrete, which is on a hydraulically bound Base layer 13 are laid, which is the substructure of the railway line forms. Have in the illustrated embodiment the support plates 12 have a U-shaped cross section with laterally towering sidewalls 14. The support plates could also formed by flat plates without sidewalls made of asphalt or concrete become.

In the method according to the invention, the track 11 is made of concrete sleepers 15 and formed by rails 16 with fasteners 17, e.g. with sleeper screws on the sleepers 15 are releasably attached.

In the method according to the invention, the track 11 is preassembled and in great lengths with a track installation machine in the laid from the support plates 12 formed trough. Here you can the sleepers 15 rest directly on the floor 18 of the trough, but you can also use one in the area of the rails the base of the support plates placed in a small amount Distance from the bottom of the trough should be kept, but here are not shown.

After inserting the track 11, which is the first phase of the represents method according to the invention and in Fig. 1 in the area PH1 is shown, the track is horizontal and vertical aligned and supported on the bottom 19 of the support plates 12.

The alignment and support is shown in FIG. 1 in the area PH2. It is done either with the help of a track 11 moving track straightener, or as shown in Fig. 3, manually with individual straightening and supporting devices, such as Vertical spindles 19, the vertical holes 20 in the sleepers 15 penetrate and rest on the bottom 18 of the support plates 15 and with horizontal adjusting means 21 with which the Thresholds can be set in the horizontal direction. This horizontal adjustment means 21 are also screw spindles, which engage in threaded sleeves 22, which in the head surfaces 23rd the thresholds are arranged. Support with the other end the horizontal screw spindles 21 on the side cheeks 14 the support plates 12 from.

After the horizontal and vertical alignment shown in Fig. 1 is shown in the area PH2, the track 11 with support means 27 supported on the floor 18 of the trough. This proppant 27 can be the vertical spindles 19 with which the Thresholds 15 have already been aligned in their altitude. At the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 are the support means however, special support spindles between the sleepers can be arranged directly under the rails. Instead of the support spindles can also support frames made of concrete, hydraulic rams or other height-adjustable supports are used become.

After aligning the track horizontally and vertically formwork 24 lost under the sleepers. This construction phase is shown in FIG. 1 in the area PH3.

The lost formwork is the one shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 Embodiment bags 24 from a coarse-mesh Fabric, a fleece or a perforated film. you will be from a transport and installation device 25 with a hardening stabilizing mass 26 filled, as in the area PH4 is shown in Fig. 1.

Depending on the type of roadway, this stabilizing compound 26 is a mastic asphalt or a flowable cement concrete, which is preferably a early high strength cement is added as a binder, so that the Stabilizing compound 26 soon after it is filled into the sacks 24 hardened. The stabilizing mass 26 is using an injection lance or an injection hose 28 with excess pressure in the bag formwork 24 filled. This allows the air from the Bags 24 escape and after the bags are completely filled 14 can some stabilizing mass through the mesh or perforation of the sack to the outside and harden there. At the Subsequent pouring of the filling concrete connects it then with the outward stabilizing material and it gives a good interlock between the two materials.

By introducing the stabilizing material with overpressure achieved that the stabilizing mass 26 just below the Threshold sets and a certain preload of the stabilizing material is reached, which prevents later setting of the track.

The filling of the stabilizing compound into the formwork is shown in Fig. 1 shown in phase PH4.

As soon as the stabilizing compound 26 has hardened to the extent that it Load of the track and the transport and installation equipment traveling over it can be transferred to the support plates 12 the fasteners 17 of the rails 16 solved so far that the rails 16 in their longitudinal direction on the concrete sleepers 15 can move and no longer transmit longitudinal forces, if they lengthen due to the effects of temperature or shorten it. Then the vertical spindles can also be used 19, the horizontal adjustment means 21 or other support means be removed. This process section is in the area in FIG. 1 PH5 shown.

The transport and shown only schematically in Fig.1 Installation device 25 consists of a train light wagons 29 and 30 by a small tractor 31, for example a draisine in the installation direction 32 over the just laid track 11 are pulled. The carriage 29 carries a reservoir 33 for the stabilizing mass or its Starting materials, for example a mixture of dry additives and cement fed into a conveyor via a conveyor 34 Mixer 35 are given, together with a water tank 36 is arranged on the second carriage 30 and with the addition of Water creates the flowable stabilizing mass, which then filled into the formwork 24 through the injection hose 28 becomes.

After the stabilizing compound 26 has completely hardened, this can be done Track 11 then from a heavy concrete mixing and filling device be driven, the filling concrete 37 between the thresholds 15 and the side cheeks 14 of the support plates 12. The Rail fasteners 17 can with favorable weather, i.e. if only slight temperature differences during insertion of the filling concrete 37 are to be expected, immediately before the filling concrete are tightened again, called hot Days, however, it is more convenient to tighten the Rail fasteners and the welding of the rail joints to wait until the filling concrete 37 hardens completely is and also those exerted by the rails on the sleepers Can absorb longitudinal forces. This last construction phase of the invention The method is shown in FIG. 1 in the area PH6.

4 to 7 show other embodiments, where the lost formwork under the thresholds 15 is not of bags, but is formed by formwork frame 38, the each have two side walls 39 and 40 and end walls 41 and 42. The side walls 39 and 40 and the end walls 41 and 42 consist of expanded metal.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 4 is the Formwork frame 38 slightly larger than the base of the threshold 15 so that it over the side surfaces 43 and the top surfaces 23rd the threshold 15 protrudes. The formwork frame 38 can thereby can be easily filled from above, using the stabilizing compound 26 also somewhat over the side surfaces 43 and the top surfaces 23 climb the threshold 15 and this at the bottom also sideways may include (Fig. 4).

In the embodiment according to FIG. 5, two formwork frames 38 are arranged under the sleepers 15, each of which has only a limited length l ₁ and which are arranged under the sleepers 15 in the region of the rails 16. The end walls 41 and 42 and a side wall 40 of these formwork frames are not higher than the distance a between the underside of a threshold 15 and the bottom 18 of the support plates 12 after the thresholds have been aligned. As a result, these formwork frames fit between the support plate 12 and the threshold 15 and can be pushed from the side under the vertically aligned thresholds. The second side wall 39 protrudes beyond the side surface of the threshold 15 and can also protrude somewhat beyond the lower edge thereof in order to facilitate filling with the stabilizing compound 26.

5 has the advantage that all Thresholds in the field of rails are supported and on the wheel loads exerted on the rails, as in the case of FIG. 4 illustrated embodiment also, directly into the underground be initiated.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, formwork frames 38 are arranged only at the threshold ends 44 and only reach under them in a narrow area of limited length l ₂ . The filled stabilizing mass 26 therefore fills the distance a between the bottom 18 of the trough and the underside 52 of the threshold only in the region of limited length l ₂ .

Since after the later complete underfilling of the threshold 15 with filler concrete 37 between the stabilizing concrete seals 26, a hardening of the hardened filler concrete is to be expected, a set strip 51 made of a nonwoven fabric is arranged under the ends 44 of the sleepers 15 in the areas of limited length l ₂ , the thickness d of which corresponds at least to the shrinkage of the filler concrete 37 which is later installed under the threshold 15. This setting strip 51 can be placed in the formwork in the formwork and concreted onto the threshold during the manufacture of the concrete sleeper, but it is also possible to glue these setting strips 51 under the finished sleepers 15.

The formwork frames 38 have two side walls 39 and 40 and an end wall 45 made of expanded metal. The end wall 45 fills the distance a between the threshold 15 and the support plate 12 and has at its upper edge 46 a bent tab 47, which is made in one piece with the end wall 45 and lies under the threshold when the formwork frame is installed. As can be seen from FIG. 6, the side walls 39 and 40 of the formwork frames 38 extend to the inner surfaces 48 of the side cheeks 14 of the support plates 12 and are connected to one another at their lower corners 49 by a spar 50. If the support plates 12 have no side walls 14, the formwork frame 38 is also provided on its rear side with a second end wall made of expanded metal. It can be seen that the formwork frames can easily be made of expanded metal and, at their relatively low height, are also sufficiently stable to absorb the liquid pressure of the stabilizing composition filled. With a suitable consistency, this can partially pass through between the ribs of the expanded metal walls and also harden on the outer sides of the formwork frames and form a rough surface there, which interlocks with the filling concrete that will later be filled in between the sleepers.

The invention is not based on the described method and the illustrated and described embodiments of the used Formwork, facilities and equipment limited, but several additions and changes are possible without the Leave the scope of the invention. For example, it is possible other hardening stabilizing materials, for example plastic-modified concretes or bitumen-bound masses use that are installed hot and harden when they cool down. Furthermore, for filling and positioning the as Injection lances used for lost formwork sacks on which the sacks are placed and with which they are placed the thresholds are pushed. Finally, it is also possible the thresholds for the final state are also fixed in another way to connect the subsurface, for example screwing it into dowels, which are arranged in the support plates of the slab track become.

Claims (16)

Method for installing a track consisting of rails and sleepers on supporting plates of a fixed carriageway, the track being first aligned vertically and horizontally with vertical and horizontal adjusting means and supported on support means, characterized in that the sleepers (15) after alignment by at least partially Underfilling with a hardening stabilizing compound (26) are stabilized so that the rails (16) on the sleepers (15) are released and only after or after the final and permanent fastening of the sleepers (15) on the support plates (12) of the solid carriageway ( 10) are firmly connected to the sleepers (15) again. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the setting means (19, 21) and / or the support means (27) are removed again after the stabilizing composition (26) has hardened. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that pourable asphalt or cement concrete is used as the stabilizing mass (26). Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the stabilizing mass (26) is arranged under the sleepers (15) over their entire length. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the stabilizing mass (26) is arranged under the sleepers (15) only to a limited length (l ₁ ) under the bearing points of the rails (16). Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the stabilizing mass (26) under the sleepers (15) is only of limited length (l ₂ ) under the ends (44) and in front of part of the head surfaces (23) of the sleepers ( 15) is arranged. A method according to claim 6, characterized in that under the ends (44) of the sleepers (15) in the areas of limited length (l ₂ ), setting strips (51) of compressible material are arranged, the thickness (d) of which is at least as great as that Shrinkage of the filling concrete (37), which was later installed under the threshold (15). A method according to claim 7, characterized in that the setting strips (51) consist of non-woven fiber strips glued or concreted on to the underside of the threshold (52). Method according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the stabilizing mass (26) is fed and installed with a conveying and installation device (25) which travels along the laid track (11) after its alignment. Lost formwork for installing a hardening, flowable mass under the sleepers of a track on a solid carriageway, characterized by a sack (24) made of a material which is partially permeable to the hardening mass (26). Formwork according to claim 10, characterized in that the sack (24) consists of a coarse-mesh fabric, a fleece or a perforated film. Formwork according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the sack (24) can be connected to an injection hose (28) or an injection lance which fills it with the hardening mass (26). Lost formwork for installing a flowable, hardening mass under the sleepers of a track on the support plates of a solid carriageway, characterized by a formwork frame (38) with side walls (39, 40) made of expanded metal, which fits between the support plate (12) and the threshold (15) and protrudes beyond at least one side surface (43) or a top surface (23) of the threshold (15). Formwork according to claim 13, characterized in that the formwork frame (38) has two side walls (39, 40) and at least one end wall (45) and that the end wall (45) the distance ( a ) between the threshold (15) and the support plate (12 ) at least approximately fills and has a bent tab (47) on the upper edge, which lies under the threshold (15) and that the side walls (39, 40) and possibly a second end wall are higher than those under the threshold (15) reaching end wall (45) of the formwork frame (38). Transport and installation device for supplying and installing a flowable, hardening stabilizing mass under the sleepers of a track on a solid carriageway, characterized by light carriages (29, 30) assembled to form a train, which travel on the laid, aligned track (11) and which storage containers (33) for the mass (26) or their starting materials, an agitator or a mixer (35) and the built-in devices (28) for the mass (26) and a small tractor (31) and possibly energy generator in the direction of installation (32) of the track (11) can be moved. Transport and installation device according to claim 15, characterized in that the tractor (31) is a trolley.

Images