EP1006205B1 - Verfahren zur Herstellung von homogenen Legierungen durch Einchmelzen und Umschmelzen - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Herstellung von homogenen Legierungen durch Einchmelzen und Umschmelzen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1006205B1 EP1006205B1 EP99122461A EP99122461A EP1006205B1 EP 1006205 B1 EP1006205 B1 EP 1006205B1 EP 99122461 A EP99122461 A EP 99122461A EP 99122461 A EP99122461 A EP 99122461A EP 1006205 B1 EP1006205 B1 EP 1006205B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- crucible
- melt
- coldwall
- alloy
- alloy components
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/16—Remelting metals
- C22B9/20—Arc remelting
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for manufacturing of alloys according to the preamble of the claims 1 and 2.
- the invention is particularly concerned with the melting and remelting of reactive, refractory metals and alloys in a cold wall crucible furnace under a vacuum atmosphere and / or protective gas atmosphere, preferably at vacuum pressures ⁇ 10 -1 mbar. These melting processes are used to produce homogeneous metal blocks or metal bars from chargeable starting material.
- a manufacturing process is known at which is the starting material that is both lumpy as well as in powder form, in a defined Mass composition first to individual Ingot is pressed. According to the desired one Mass composition of the individual bars the respective amount of each Alloy proportions selected. This pressed and compacted bars become one with the other Electrode put together, which as a melting electrode used in a VAR (Vacuum Arc Melting) process becomes. The self-consuming electrode is remelted here. Here the alloy proportions continue in the liquid melt mixed. The melt then becomes Subsequent processing deducted as a block. Depending on required homogeneity it has become necessary exposed this block as a consumable electrode to remelt in a further process.
- VAR Vauum Arc Melting
- a disadvantage of this method is that the material preparation, especially the editing of the Consumable electrode, each time and cost intensive Labor required.
- the melted alloy is the one to be produced Block several times to melt what is under Taking into account the above required Process times a significant loss of productivity means simply because every electrode inevitable to a block of larger diameter must be remelted.
- the invention is therefore based on the object a method of the type described above to indicate by the alloys with extraordinary homogeneous distribution of the alloy components can be produced over the total volume.
- the method according to the invention is a melting technique that ensures will that starting from the individual alloy components with different densities, Conditions (history of origin, lumpiness) and melting points with a desired alloy exact chemical composition becomes. Contrary to previous experience with pure VAR method has been shown that by Adherence to the melting sequence according to the invention exact chemical composition of an alloy reproducible in high quality, d. H. with a over the entire volume of the final melt Homogeneity can be produced. The problem the chemical inhomogeneity in the remelting in a pure VAR process as described above Art is solved in a simple way. The essence of the invention is that in contrast the stirring movement to the previous remelting practice and thus the mixing process in the melt pool the cold wall induction crucible for thorough mixing the melt and even distribution the alloying elements in the melt advantageous is used.
- the alloy components in the first stage of the process as a chargeable material, which becomes a preselected alloy composition leads over a lock chamber directly into a loading area of a cold wall induction crucible. After the material has melted this in the melt pool through the through the Induction field mixed stirring field mixed. This creates a homogenized melt, which from the cold wall induction crucible via a Block removal device continuously as solidified Block is removable.
- the method according to the invention is particularly suitable for the production of alloys which consist of refractory and / or reactive metals, such as in particular titanium or titanium compounds showing alloys.
- the cold wall crucible is the starting material either as general cargo and / or as powder and / or as granules in front.
- This source material becomes the first Remelt either pressed into solid blocks, which is both an insert for an optional VAR process used for block production can be used or it will via a material lock directly into a cold wall induction crucible introduced as above described.
- FIG. 1 shows a cold wall crucible arrangement 2 shown out of a slotted crucible wall 3 in the form of a water-cooled hollow body.
- the cooling water flow is simplicity not shown for the sake of it. However, it is also possible the cooling water through another cooling medium. to replace.
- the crucible wall 3 is of an induction coil arrangement 7 surround the necessary Provides heating, melting and stirring energy.
- the Power supply unit for the induction coil arrangement 7 is also not shown. There the design principle of a cold wall crucible Induction coil - taken by itself - state of the Technology is a further consideration of this superfluous.
- the induction coil arrangement 7 with a larger number of turns equipped and in individual sub-coils 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d, 20e can be divided into the independent power supply units can be connected. These can then be separated regulated or controlled by each other, to the heating power and the stirring power over the To be able to adjust the height of the crucible wall 3 in a targeted manner.
- the entire cold wall crucible arrangement 2 is also stored the lower crucible flange 16 on stationary lower Supports 24a, 24b.
- On the lower crucible flange 16 is that surrounded by the induction coil arrangement 7 Crucible wall 3 with all-round lower sealing elements 23 supported vacuum-tight.
- On the Crucible wall 3 supports the upper crucible flange 14.
- Upper sealing element 15 is provided, which a vacuum tight connection between the Crucible wall 3 and the upper crucible flange 14 forms.
- the crucible wall 3 and the upper and lower Crucible flange 14 and 16 are coaxial with each other arranged and enclose a vertically aligned Passage zone for the material to be melted.
- a material lock 4 which with a Lock opening 10 is vacuum-tight with respect to the outside space can be locked.
- the alloy Material 9 is in via the lock opening 10 in introduced the lock chamber 11, correspondingly the alloy proportions of the desired alloy in terms of quantity in the lock chamber 11 are merged.
- the to be melted alloy material 9 is in the Batch material space 34 of the passage zone of the crucible wall 3 accumulated and migrates according to that Degree of liquefaction of the entire alloy material 9 in the actual melting zone, which the Melt pool 32 forms.
- the axial position of the Melt pools 32 is created by the arrangement of the induction coils 20a-20e through which the necessary melting and stirring energy into the melt be fed inductively.
- the melt is inside of the melt pool 32 is continuously stirred, whereby the individual alloy components in the total accumulated in the melt pool 32 Melt are homogenized.
- the solidification zone closes in the lower area in which the solidified block of material 30 is supported on a support base 25, which over a block withdrawal device 6 after is continuously lowered below.
- the directions of movement are indicated by the double arrow Z.
- the remelting process described so far takes place in a vacuum atmosphere of ⁇ 10 -1 mbar.
- the residual atmosphere located in the cold-wall crucible arrangement 2 is evacuated in a known manner via suction ports 12 using vacuum pumps, not shown in the drawings.
- the cold wall crucible shown in Figure 2 60 consists essentially of the crucible bottom 17, on which the crucible wall 21 is placed is.
- the crucible wall is known Way from a palisade arrangement 21,21 ', ..., whereby between the individual palisades 21, 21 ', ... distances for penetration of the melting and stirring magnetic field are provided. At these intervals are usually sealing elements made of an insulating material.
- the stirring or melting magnetic field is over an induction coil 19, which individual coil turns 20a-20d, in a known manner Power supply devices, not shown in Figure 2 generated.
- the first melt through a VAR process are the Alloy components z. B. as a powder, as granules or as a lumpy material, which to a fixed pressed block with a defined Mass composition is pressable.
- This individual Blocks 40, 41 (see FIG. 3a) become Forming a consumable electrode 42 and at the connecting seams 50, 52 with one another welded.
- the blocks 40, 41 is in particular an electron beam welding process intended.
- the to a consumable electrode 42 merged blocks 40,41 are then in a first, not shown in the figures Vacuum arc remelting process first melted, whereby the starting material in the Melt is homogeneously distributed to a certain extent becomes.
- melt produced in this way is then transferred to suitable molds, in which the melt material to a block 44 (see Figure 3b) solidified.
- a block 44 (see Figure 3b) solidified.
- the volume of the block chosen so that this the crucible volume of the cold wall crucible shown in Figure 2 60 fills out.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
Description
- Figur 1
- den Axialschnitt durch eine Kaltwandtiegelanordnung mit einer geschichteten Charge im Betriebszustand für die Erstschmelze zur Herstellung des Einsatzmaterials für die Zweitschmelze
- Figur 2
- eine Kaltwandtiegelanordnung für die Erzeugung der Zweitschmelze,
- Figur 3a
- eine zusammengesetzte Schmelzelektrode und
- Figur 3b
- einen umgeschmolzenen, teilweise homogenisierten Materialblock.
Claims (7)
- Verfahren zum Herstellen von homogenen Legierungsmischungen, inbesondere von intermetallischen Phasen, aus mindestens zwei Legierungskomponenten durch Schmelzen von Ausgangsmaterialien in einem induktiv beheizten Kaltwandtiegel, gekennzeichnet durch die folgenden Verfahrensschritte:a) in einem ersten Verfahrensschritt werden die Legierungskomponenten in einer ersten induktiv beheizten Kaltwandtiegelanordnung (2) unter induktiver Rührung zu Blöcken (30, 44) mit vorgewählter mengenmäßiger Legierungszusammensetzung erschmolzen, wobei die Blöcke aus dem Kaltwandtiegel abgezogen werden, undb) in einem nachfolgenden Verfahrensschritt wird mindestens einer der Blöcke (30, 44) aus dem ersten Verfahrensschritt in einer zweiten induktiv beheizten Kaltwandtiegelanordnung (60) aufgeschmolzen, wobei durch die in die Schmelze eingespeiste elektromagnetische Feldenergie die Schmelze derart umgerührt wird, daß deren Legierungskomponenten derart durchmischt werden, daß die Schmelze (55) eine über ihr gesamtes Volumen homogene Materialzusammensetzung erhält.
- Verfahren zum Herstellen von homogenen Legierungsmischungen, inbesondere von intermetallischen Phasen, aus mindestens zwei Legierungskomponenten durch Schmelzen von Ausgangsmaterialien in einem induktiv beheizten Kaltwandtiegel, gekennzeichnet durch die folgenden Verfahrensschritte:a) in einem ersten Verfahrensschritt werden die Legierungskomponenten als vorgeformte Abschmelzelektroden (42, 4) mittels eines VAR-Verfahrens zu Blöcken (30, 44) mit vorgewählter mengenmäßiger Legierungszusammensetzung erschmolzen, wobei die Blöcke aus dem Schmelzbereich abgezogen werden,undb) in einem nachfolgenden Verfahrensschritt wird mindestens einer der Blöcke (30, 44) aus dem ersten Verfahrensschritt in einer induktiv beheizten Kaltwandtiegelanordnung (60) aufgeschmolzen, wobei durch die in die Schmelze eingespeiste elektromagnetische Feldenergie die Schmelze derart umgerührt wird, daß deren Legierungskomponenten derart durchmischt werden, daß die Schmelze (55) eine über ihr gesamtes Volumen homogene Materialzusammensetzung erhält.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurchgekennzeichnet, daß die erste Kaltwandtiegelanordnung (2) mit chargierfähigen Ausgangsmaterialien beschickt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gesamtvolumen der für den im induktiv beheizten Kaltwandtiegel (60) vorgesehenen zweiten Umschmelzprozeß einzusetzenden Blöcke (30, 44) derart gewählt wird, daß deren Gesamtvolumen dem Füllvolumen des induktiv beheizten Kaltwandtiegels (60) entspricht.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch folgende Verfahrensschritte:a) mindestens ein Teil der Legierungskomponenten wird zu chargierbarem Materialgut (9) mit vorbestimmter Legierungszusammensetzung gepreßt,b) das Materialgut (9) wird über eine Schleusenkammer (11) in einen Schmelzenpool (32) eingebracht, welcher von Spulenwindungen (20a-20e) einer Induktionsspulenanordnung (7) umgeben ist,c) das Materialgut (9) wird durch Zufuhr von elektromagnetischer Feldenergie über ein an die Spulenwindungen (20a-20e) angelegtes Wechselfeld derart erwärmt, daß das Materialgut (9) über das in dem Schmelzenpool (32) verlaufende Magnetwechselfeld aufgeschmolzen wird, wobei die Schmelze durch das im Schmelzenpool (32) induzierte magnetische Wechselfeld außerdem durchmischt wird, undd) das unterhalb des Schmelzenpools (32) erstarrte Schmelzgut wird über einen am unteren Ende der Induktionsspulenanordnung (7) befindlichen Blockabzug (6) als Block (30) aus der Kaltwandtiegelanordnung (2) abgezogen.
- Verfahren nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Legierungskomponenten aus hochreaktiven Materialien, insbesondere aus Titan oder Titanverbindungen, ausgewählt werden.
- Verfahren nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Ausgangsmaterial als Stückgut und/oder als Pulver und/oder als Granulat ausgewählt wird.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19852747A DE19852747A1 (de) | 1998-11-16 | 1998-11-16 | Verfahren zum Einschmelzen und Umschmelzen von Materialien zum Herstellen von homogenen Metallegierungen |
DE19852747 | 1998-11-16 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1006205A2 EP1006205A2 (de) | 2000-06-07 |
EP1006205A3 EP1006205A3 (de) | 2000-06-14 |
EP1006205B1 true EP1006205B1 (de) | 2002-09-04 |
Family
ID=7887930
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99122461A Expired - Lifetime EP1006205B1 (de) | 1998-11-16 | 1999-11-11 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von homogenen Legierungen durch Einchmelzen und Umschmelzen |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20030010472A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1006205B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2000144279A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE223509T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19852747A1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2182447T3 (de) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1247872A1 (de) * | 2001-03-13 | 2002-10-09 | Solar Applied Material Technology Corp. | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Sputter-Target |
DE10156336A1 (de) * | 2001-11-16 | 2003-06-05 | Ald Vacuum Techn Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Legierungs-Ingots |
DE102009056504B4 (de) * | 2009-12-02 | 2015-05-28 | Heraeus Precious Metals Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer einschlussfreien Nb-Legierung aus pulvermetallurgischem Vormaterial für eine implantierbare medizinische Vorrichtung |
DE102010049033A1 (de) | 2010-10-21 | 2012-04-26 | Rst Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Titanrohlingen |
CN102032783B (zh) * | 2011-01-14 | 2012-10-10 | 李碚 | 熔炼钛或钛合金的冷坩埚感应熔炼拉锭方法 |
DE102014117424A1 (de) * | 2014-11-27 | 2016-06-02 | Ald Vacuum Technologies Gmbh | Schmelzverfahren für Legierungen |
CN105108339B (zh) * | 2015-08-31 | 2017-04-19 | 沈阳海纳鑫科技有限公司 | 一种基于钛及钛合金金属丝材的增材制造方法 |
KR101932729B1 (ko) * | 2017-08-22 | 2019-03-20 | 주식회사 세일메탈 | 유도가열장치 및 이를 이용한 잉곳 균질화 방법 |
Family Cites Families (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4418741A (en) * | 1979-11-26 | 1983-12-06 | Bondarenko Oleg P | Method of controlling relative movement between an ingot and a mold |
SE8000756L (sv) * | 1980-01-31 | 1981-08-01 | Asea Ab | Anordning vid kontinuerlig gjutning (likstromsomrorning) |
HUT37365A (en) * | 1983-10-28 | 1985-12-28 | Werner Schatz | Method for producing metal billet, shaped body or shaped profile products with embedding of hard material grains and apparatus for carrying out the method |
JPS60251235A (ja) * | 1984-05-29 | 1985-12-11 | Toho Titanium Co Ltd | Nb−Ti合金溶製用の消毛電極 |
US4738713A (en) * | 1986-12-04 | 1988-04-19 | The Duriron Company, Inc. | Method for induction melting reactive metals and alloys |
GB2200979B (en) * | 1987-02-14 | 1990-08-29 | Inductotherm Europ | Induction melting |
CH680086A5 (de) * | 1990-05-09 | 1992-06-15 | Asea Brown Boveri | |
JP3287031B2 (ja) * | 1991-10-16 | 2002-05-27 | 神鋼電機株式会社 | コールドウォール誘導溶解ルツボ炉 |
IL100136A (en) * | 1991-11-24 | 1994-12-29 | Ontec Ltd | Method and device for producing homogeneous alloys |
DE4207694A1 (de) * | 1992-03-11 | 1993-09-16 | Leybold Durferrit Gmbh | Vorrichtung fuer die herstellung von metallen und metall-legierungen hoher reinheit |
DE4228402C2 (de) * | 1992-08-26 | 2000-08-03 | Ald Vacuum Techn Ag | Zur Atmosphäre hin abgeschlossene Induktionsschmelzvorrichtung |
FR2720971B1 (fr) * | 1994-06-08 | 1996-08-30 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | Dispositif de traitement de matériaux par micro-ondes. |
JP3316108B2 (ja) * | 1994-07-14 | 2002-08-19 | 川崎製鉄株式会社 | 鋼の連続鋳造方法 |
DE19504359C1 (de) * | 1995-02-10 | 1996-04-25 | Ald Vacuum Techn Gmbh | Verfahren zum Herstellen von Legierungen in einem induktiv beheizten Kaltwandtiegel |
DE19622884A1 (de) * | 1996-06-07 | 1997-12-11 | Ald Vacuum Techn Gmbh | Tiegel zum induktiven Schmelzen oder Überhitzen von Metallen, Legierungen oder anderen elektrisch leitfähigen Werkstoffen |
US5972282A (en) * | 1997-08-04 | 1999-10-26 | Oregon Metallurgical Corporation | Straight hearth furnace for titanium refining |
-
1998
- 1998-11-16 DE DE19852747A patent/DE19852747A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1999
- 1999-11-11 AT AT99122461T patent/ATE223509T1/de active
- 1999-11-11 ES ES99122461T patent/ES2182447T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-11-11 EP EP99122461A patent/EP1006205B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-11-11 DE DE59902539T patent/DE59902539D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-11-16 JP JP11325633A patent/JP2000144279A/ja active Pending
-
2002
- 2002-06-14 US US10/170,406 patent/US20030010472A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2182447T3 (es) | 2003-03-01 |
DE59902539D1 (de) | 2002-10-10 |
EP1006205A3 (de) | 2000-06-14 |
US20030010472A1 (en) | 2003-01-16 |
EP1006205A2 (de) | 2000-06-07 |
JP2000144279A (ja) | 2000-05-26 |
DE19852747A1 (de) | 2000-05-18 |
ATE223509T1 (de) | 2002-09-15 |
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