EP0985062B1 - Systeme d'insertion pour un metier a tisser - Google Patents

Systeme d'insertion pour un metier a tisser Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0985062B1
EP0985062B1 EP98929374A EP98929374A EP0985062B1 EP 0985062 B1 EP0985062 B1 EP 0985062B1 EP 98929374 A EP98929374 A EP 98929374A EP 98929374 A EP98929374 A EP 98929374A EP 0985062 B1 EP0985062 B1 EP 0985062B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nozzles
feed
section
picking system
nozzle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98929374A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0985062A1 (fr
Inventor
Jozef Peeters
Joseph Verhulst
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Picanol NV
Original Assignee
Picanol NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Picanol NV filed Critical Picanol NV
Publication of EP0985062A1 publication Critical patent/EP0985062A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0985062B1 publication Critical patent/EP0985062B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D47/00—Looms in which bulk supply of weft does not pass through shed, e.g. shuttleless looms, gripper shuttle looms, dummy shuttle looms
    • D03D47/28—Looms in which bulk supply of weft does not pass through shed, e.g. shuttleless looms, gripper shuttle looms, dummy shuttle looms wherein the weft itself is projected into the shed
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D47/00—Looms in which bulk supply of weft does not pass through shed, e.g. shuttleless looms, gripper shuttle looms, dummy shuttle looms
    • D03D47/28—Looms in which bulk supply of weft does not pass through shed, e.g. shuttleless looms, gripper shuttle looms, dummy shuttle looms wherein the weft itself is projected into the shed
    • D03D47/30—Looms in which bulk supply of weft does not pass through shed, e.g. shuttleless looms, gripper shuttle looms, dummy shuttle looms wherein the weft itself is projected into the shed by gas jet
    • D03D47/3006—Construction of the nozzles
    • D03D47/3013—Main nozzles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an entry system for a weaving machine with at least two nozzles in a common holder are arranged and each have an input for one Have weft and each have a feed connection for a print medium is assigned.
  • Such an entry system is known from US-A-4 644 980.
  • the feed connections are for the print medium close to each Injector section on different sides of the holder arranged.
  • the supply connections are dependent on the number of nozzles on the top, on the bottom or also attached to a side surface of the holder. This results, that feed lines connected to the feed ports connected, must cross each other. Because the entry system is arranged with the nozzles on the sley and moving with it, this can lead to the supply lines, the supply connections with stationary utilities connect, rest against each other and against each other scrub. This rubbing can damage the Lead supply lines, causing leaks.
  • the invention has for its object an entry system of the type mentioned in such a way that the feed lines can be arranged so that they are as possible do not touch and if possible do not rub against each other.
  • This object is achieved in that the feed connections for the print medium on the same side of the holder in The longitudinal direction of the nozzles is spaced apart are, and that channels are provided in the holder, each lead from a feed connection to a nozzle.
  • the invention offers the advantage that the to the supply connections leading supply lines for the pressure medium a system can be installed that significantly increases the risk reduces that the feed lines abut each other and rub together. In addition, the entire entry system be compact. The invention is above all then of considerable advantage if a plurality of nozzles is provided.
  • the feed connections in a Plane are arranged in which the longitudinal axes of the associated There are nozzles. Because of this arrangement, the holder can be relative run narrow, which has the advantage that several Nozzles can be arranged compactly in a holder, or that several holders close together on the sley can be mounted on a weaving machine.
  • the holder provided with recesses running in the weft direction in which the nozzles are inserted, which are between one Insertion element for a weft thread and a guide tube have a portion containing an injector which to the insertion element and to the guide tube or to one following guide element in the longitudinal direction of the recess is sealed and by means of a feed connection a channel is connected. It is further preferred provided that the from a feed port to a more distant nozzle leading channel closer arranged nozzle or nozzles in a section that in Longitudinal direction of the nozzles is sealed. That way achieved that the channels transverse to the plane of the longitudinal axes the nozzles do not take up too much space.
  • a first embodiment there is one holder with several Sets of nozzles provided, one on top of the other or side by side arranged in mutually parallel planes are. This allows a very compact entry system create, in which the supply connections for all nozzles systematically attached to the same side.
  • a Holders with two or more one above the other in a common provided in the substantially vertical plane arranged nozzles is.
  • Such a holder is relatively narrow.
  • several holders with at least two nozzles each side by side are arranged, and that the feed connections on the top of the holder are arranged.
  • the modular design with several brackets and so on can be equipped with a plurality of nozzles. Doing so additionally preferably provided that the holder - in the Seen from above - taper in the direction of the shot and with their side faces lie against each other. This makes it possible a large number of nozzles relative to a guide channel, in particular to align the air duct in a reed.
  • Fig. 1 shows an entry system 1, the one on a sley 2 Air jet loom is attached.
  • the sley 2 carries a reed 3, with an air duct 4 for the inserted weft threads is provided.
  • In the area of the reed 3 becomes a shed 6 by means of indicated warp threads 5 formed, in which the weft threads are entered, which then be struck on the edge of a fabric 7.
  • the entry system contains several holders 8, in the embodiment four holders 8, each by means of screws 9 are attached to a base plate, which in turn on the Sley 2 is attached.
  • Each holder 8 holds two nozzles 10, 11, which thus move with the sley 2.
  • the nozzles 10, 11 are called main nozzles.
  • the ends of the nozzles 10, 11 facing away from the holders 8 are provided with a Bracket 12 attached to the base plate.
  • connection elements 16, 17 On the top 15 of each of the holders 8 are two connection elements 16, 17 provided, by means of which a nozzle 10, 11 is supplied with compressed air.
  • connection elements 16, 17 supply lines 18, 19 are connected.
  • the feed lines 18, 19 run in the embodiment in the area the connecting elements 16, 17 substantially vertically. They are spaced apart and parallel to each other arranged and also via valves, not shown Compressed air supply, not shown, connected.
  • the connection elements 16, 17 can also be integrated into the holder 8.
  • FIGS. 2 through 5 are sections through a holder 8 shown, the two superposed nozzles 10, 11th contains.
  • the nozzles 10, 11 are identical to one another.
  • the keeper 8 is with a feed connection 20, 21 for each nozzle 10, 11 provided.
  • Each nozzle 10, 11 has a thread insertion element 28, which has an input 22 for a not shown Has weft.
  • To the insertion element 28 connects a guide element 29, which with the insertion element 28 forms an injector.
  • On the guide element 29 follows a guide tube 24 which has an outlet 26 for the Compressed air and a weft thread, not shown.
  • the axes of the insertion element 28 and the guide element 29 run essentially coaxially to the axes of the Guide tubes 24 so that they have the longitudinal axes 30, 31 of the nozzles 10, 11 form.
  • a weft essentially runs along this longitudinal axes 30, 31 through the nozzle 10, 11, so that the longitudinal axes 30, 31 the direction of movement A of the weft determine.
  • the outside 32 of the insertion element 28 is radial Provide projections 33.
  • the guide element 29 engages with an inner surface 34, the outer side 32 of the insertion element 28 in the region of the projections 33, so that the Print medium between the outside 32 of the insertion element 28 and the inner surface 34 are inserted into the guide element 29 becomes.
  • the inner surface 34 lies on the projections 33 on, so that the guide element 29 in an axial extension the insertion element 28 is aligned.
  • the introductory element 28 and the guide element 29 form an injector, through which a weft thread from the entrance 22 through the Bore 35 of the insertion element 28, through a bore 36 of the guide element 29 and guided by the guide tube 24 becomes.
  • the insertion member 28 and the guide member 29 are by means of screws 37 on the holder 8 against axial Moved secured.
  • the feed connections 20, 21 for the two arranged one above the other Nozzles 10, 11 are located on the same side 15 of the holder 8, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 is on the top 15 of the holder 8. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 can be seen, the feed connections 20, 21 are in one Level 38, in which the longitudinal axes 30, 31 of the two nozzles 10, 11 lie. This plane 38 is a plane of symmetry of the Holder 8. As shown in FIG. 2, the feed connections 20, 21 in the direction of the longitudinal axes 30, 31 of the nozzles 10, 11 in one Spaced from each other.
  • the insertion element 28 and the guide element 29 of the two Nozzles 10, 11 are each in an axial recesses 42, 43 used, in which it is secured by means of the screws 37 are.
  • the feed port 20 associated with the nozzle 10 is in direct communication with a section of the nozzle, in which the injector starts. This section is by two Sealing rings 44, 45 sealed to the outside.
  • the outside diameter of the insertion element 28 is so in this section greatly reduced that an annular chamber is formed, from which the pressure medium flows into the guide element 29.
  • the feed connector 21 for the nozzle 11 is over one of two sections 39, 40 existing channel of the holder 8 with the section connected to the nozzle 11, in which the injector is located. As can be seen from Fig.
  • section 40 of the Channel the nozzle 10 in the region of a portion 41 of the guide element 29 To escape the print medium in this To prevent the area, another sealing ring 45 provided that this channel section 40 in the region of the guide element 29 seals to the outside.
  • Section 39 of the The channel initially sets it essentially radially to the nozzles 10, 11 extending section 40 in the axial direction coaxially to the nozzle axis 31 so that the pressure medium again to the Section of the nozzle 11 flows, in which the injector located.
  • the guide element 29 of the nozzle 11 is by means of a another sealing ring 45 sealed to the outside.
  • FIGS. 1 to 5 there is Holder from a cast part, in particular from a die-cast part or injection molded part into which the sections 39, 40 of the channel are molded.
  • the cutouts 42, 43, and corresponding openings for the feed connections 20, 21 are molded in, but are still being reworked.
  • the holder 8 can also be produced as a block, in which subsequently Holes are made. To make it big enough To obtain a cross section for the sections 39, 40 of the channel, relatively large holes 46, 47 must be provided. In the feed port 21, the one with the Section 40 of the channel forming bore is created must then subsequently form the actual connection Part.
  • the guide element 29 of the nozzle 11 is provided with a thickening 48, the outer diameter of which Bore 46 corresponds with which the channel section 39 is created has been. Then in the area of this thickening 48 a sealing ring 49 is provided.
  • the embodiment according to Fig. 6 also differs from that Embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 5 that the guide tubes 24, 25 each formed in one piece with the guide elements 29 are.
  • the nozzles 10, 11 of the embodiment 6 have somewhat different external shapes, however they correspond completely to each other in terms of their inner shape.
  • the feed connections 20 and 21 are with the associated Nozzles 10, 11 connected in the same way as this for the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 5 has been explained.
  • the same reference numerals have been used, see above that reference can be made to the description in question.
  • the lowermost nozzle 50 is connected to the supply connection 52 a guide channel of the holder 8, which consists of a to the nozzle 50 coaxial section 39 and perpendicular to it extending section 51.
  • the section surrounds 51 the nozzles 10 and 11 in the area of the respective guide element 29, a section 41 in this area of the guide element 29 to the outside by means of sealing rings 44, 65 is sealed.
  • the axis 54 of the nozzle 50 lies in one Plane in which the axes 30, 31 of the nozzles 10, 11 lie and in which the feed connections 20, 21, 52 are also arranged are.
  • nozzles 10, 11, 50 are arranged in a holder 8 can be realized with the same system, as has been explained with reference to FIG. 7.
  • The is the supply nozzle assigned to the lowest nozzle connected to the lowest nozzle via a channel, the one has a section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of this nozzle, which surrounds all the nozzles above and accordingly sealed with sealing rings in the area of the respective nozzles is.
  • the longitudinal axes 30, 31 of the nozzles 10, 11 arranged one above the other in one plane 38 arranged which forms an angle to the vertical.
  • the feed port 21 is in the middle of the holder 8, so that it is offset somewhat laterally to the nozzles 10 and 11 is arranged.
  • the invisible feed port 20 is on the other hand, arranged vertically above the longitudinal axis 30 of the nozzle 10, i.e. somewhat off-center with respect to the top 15 of the Holder 8.
  • the feed ports 20, 21 are also in Longitudinal direction of the longitudinal axes 30, 31 at a distance from one another arranged.
  • a plurality of holders 8 with two nozzles 10, 11 arranged directly next to each other become. It is conveniently provided that the holder 8 taper in the weft direction, i.e. that of the im Area of the entrance 22 for weft threads end face 60 outgoing side walls 58, 59 converge in the direction to the guide tube 24. As a result, the guide tubes 24 of the nozzles 10, 11 aligned with the guide channel 4 of the reed become.
  • the holder 8, each with two or more nozzles allow a modular design of an entry system that the desired operating conditions can be adapted.
  • holder 8 with two nozzles 10, 11 is provided.
  • holders 8 with at least two nozzles 10, 11 arranged side by side, for example two, three, four or more, so that with four, six, eight or more nozzles can be woven.
  • the feed ports 20, 21 all holder 8 are on the same side of the Holder 8, i.e. in the embodiment of FIG. 1 the top 15 of each holder 8.
  • the holders 8 next to one another, but, for example, after being rotated 90 ° one above the other. In this case, the connection elements 16, 17 and the leads 18, 19 then on a side surface of the Holder 8 are.
  • the 10 to 12 are for example two sets of two nozzles 10, 11 in one common holder 63 arranged.
  • the holder 63 is with each provided two feed ports 20 and 21, which are on the same area of the holder 63, in the embodiment on a side surface 64.
  • Each set of the two Nozzles 10, 11 is a feed port on each side surface 64 20 and a feed port 21 assigned in the direction the longitudinal axes 30, 31 of the nozzles 10, 11 at a distance are arranged to each other.
  • Per set of nozzles 10, 11 is each in the holder 63 a guide channel with sections 39, 40 provided to the print medium from the associated supply port 21 to lead to the nozzle 11.
  • the nozzles 10, 11 are located in this embodiment in each case in a plane 38 side by side, which runs through the longitudinal axes 30, 31 of the nozzles.
  • the associated feed connections are also located on these levels 20, 21.
  • the nozzles 10, 11 all have the same inner shape.
  • This initial part has an outer diameter, which corresponds to the inside diameter of the bore 65, with which the section 39 of the channel procured which is from the supply port 21 to the nozzle 11 leads.
  • Fig. 13 an embodiment is shown, which in Principle corresponds to the embodiment of FIG. 6.
  • the guide element 28 of the nozzle 10 Provide an annular groove in the area of the bore 47.
  • Ring grooves 61 can also be used in other exemplary embodiments can be provided, for example in the embodiment according to Fig. 8. In this case, especially in the area of section 51 of the channel, the guide elements 29 the nozzles 10 and 11 are provided with corresponding annular grooves 61 become.
  • a single one Holder provided for eight nozzles, their guide tubes be arranged according to the representation of FIG. 1. If the feed ports are on top of such Holders are provided, four sets of two each nozzles arranged one above the other are provided. If the feed ports can be attached to the side of this holder for example two sets of four next to each other arranged nozzles are provided. They are per nozzle set associated feed ports according to the embodiments 1 to 14 in the direction of the longitudinal axes of the nozzles the nozzle sets are spaced from each other. Per nozzle set are one or three channels for feeding the print medium provided by the relevant feed port too the nozzles.
  • the entry system according to the present invention is not limited to use with main air jet machine nozzles. It can also be used, for example, for spray nozzles Water jet loom or used for other nozzles in which a medium other than water or air is used.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Looms (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Système d'insertion pour un métier à tisser avec au moins deux buses qui sont disposées dans un support commun et qui présentent respectivement une entrée pour un fil de trame et auxquelles est associé respectivement un raccord d'amenée pour un milieu sous pression, caractérisé en ce que les raccords d'amenée (20, 21, 52) pour le milieu sous pression sont disposés sur le même côté du support (8, 63) dans la direction longitudinale des buses (10, 11, 50) à un écart l'une de l'autre et en ce que des canaux sont prévus dans le support (8, 63) qui mènent respectivement d'un raccord d'amenée (20, 21, 52) à une buse (10, 11, 50).
  2. Système d'insertion selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les raccords d'amenée (20, 21, 52) sont disposés dans un plan (38, 53) dans lequel se situent les axes longitudinaux (30, 31, 54) des buses associées (10, 11, 50).
  3. Système d'insertion selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les canaux mènent des raccords d'amenée (20, 21, 52) à une enceinte annulaire entourant respectivement les buses (10, 11, 50).
  4. Système d'insertion selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le support (8, 63) est pourvu d'évidements (42, 43, 65) s'étendant dans la direction de trame (A), dans lesquels sont placées les buses (10, 11, 50), qui présentent entre un élément d'insertion (28) pour un fil de trame et un tube de guidage (24) un tronçon contenant l'injecteur qui est rendu étanche relativement à l'élément d'insertion (28) et au tube de guidage (24) ou à un élément de guidage suivant (29) dans la direction longitudinale de l'évidement (42, 43, 65), et qui est raccordé à un raccord d'amenée (20, 21, 52) au moyen d'un canal.
  5. Système d'insertion selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le canal menant d'un raccord d'amenée (21, 52) à une buse (11, 52) disposée à une plus grande distance entoure la (10) ou les buses (10, 11) plus proches sur un tronçon (41) qui est rendu étanche dans la direction longitudinale des buses (10, 11).
  6. Système d'insertion selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'un support (63) est pourvu de plusieurs jeux de buses (10, 11) qui sont disposées les unes au-dessus des autres ou les unes à côté des autres dans des plans (38) sensiblement parallèles les uns aux autres.
  7. Système d'insertion selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'un support (8) est pourvu de deux buses (10, 11) ou plus disposées les unes au-dessus des autres ou les unes à côté des autres dans un plan commun (38, 53).
  8. Système d'insertion selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que plusieurs supports (8) avec respectivement au moins deux buses (10, 11, 50) sont disposés les uns à côté des autres, et en ce que les raccords d'amenée (20, 21, 52) sont disposés sur le côté supérieur (15) des supporte (8).
  9. Système d'insertion selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que les supports (8) - en une vue de dessus - rétrécissent dans la direction de trame (A) et s'appliquent avec leurs faces latérales (58, 59) les uns aux autres.
  10. Système d'insertion selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le support (8, 63) est réalisé comme une pièce coulée avec des canaux réalisés lors du coulage.
EP98929374A 1997-05-28 1998-05-26 Systeme d'insertion pour un metier a tisser Expired - Lifetime EP0985062B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE9700465 1997-05-28
BE9700465A BE1011183A3 (nl) 1997-05-28 1997-05-28 Insertiesysteem voor een weefmachine.
PCT/EP1998/003077 WO1998054385A1 (fr) 1997-05-28 1998-05-26 Systeme d'insertion pour un metier a tisser

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0985062A1 EP0985062A1 (fr) 2000-03-15
EP0985062B1 true EP0985062B1 (fr) 2002-06-26

Family

ID=3890542

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98929374A Expired - Lifetime EP0985062B1 (fr) 1997-05-28 1998-05-26 Systeme d'insertion pour un metier a tisser

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US6223783B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP0985062B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3894960B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR100504009B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1083023C (fr)
BE (1) BE1011183A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE59804593D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998054385A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012079877A2 (fr) 2010-12-14 2012-06-21 Picanol Procédé et dispositif pour l'alimentation en fil de trame

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE1012494A3 (nl) * 1999-03-02 2000-11-07 Picanol Nv Inrichting voor het inbrengen van een inslagdraad.
US6481072B1 (en) * 2000-10-20 2002-11-19 American Linc Corporation Apparatus for guiding and texturizing yarn and associated methods
BE1013786A6 (nl) * 2000-10-24 2002-08-06 Picanol Nv Geleidingsbuis voor een hoofdblazer en hoofdblazer.
BE1014191A3 (nl) * 2001-05-21 2003-06-03 Picanol Nv Draadklem voor een weefmachine en weefmachine die dergelijke draadklem bevat.
BE1014192A3 (nl) * 2001-05-21 2003-06-03 Picanol Nv Inrichting en werkwijze voor het inbrengen van inslagdraden bij een weefmachine, alsmede daardklem daarbij aangewend.
US6497257B1 (en) 2002-02-28 2002-12-24 Glen Raven, Inc. Control of fill yarn during basket weave type patterns on air jet looms
US6945282B2 (en) 2002-06-17 2005-09-20 Flora Gendelman Method and device for forming a shed in a weaving machine
DE102005004064A1 (de) * 2005-01-21 2006-07-27 Picanol N.V. Vorrichtung zum Eintragen von Schussfäden bei einer Luftdüsenwebmaschine
US20080271807A1 (en) * 2006-09-07 2008-11-06 Sultex Ag Method and a stretching device for the holding of a weft thread
US7748414B2 (en) * 2006-12-12 2010-07-06 Itema (Switzerland) Ltd Method and apparatus for the insertion of weft threads
CN102747513A (zh) * 2012-07-11 2012-10-24 江苏万工科技集团有限公司 主喷嘴接引喷管及其构成的双喷主喷嘴
JP6529292B2 (ja) * 2015-03-13 2019-06-12 アクア株式会社 洗濯機

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DE903512C (de) * 1951-01-16 1954-02-08 Mahlkuch Greif Werk Ernst Voreiler fuer selbsttaetige Waagen
GB1213992A (en) * 1967-09-26 1970-11-25 Strake Maschf Nv Improvements in jet looms
US4644980A (en) * 1984-12-28 1987-02-24 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho Device for inserting weft yarn in a fluid jet loom
US4957144A (en) * 1987-12-28 1990-09-18 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Tack-in system of shuttleless loom
DE8903512U1 (fr) * 1989-03-21 1990-04-19 Lindauer Dornier Gmbh, 8990 Lindau, De
BE1003558A3 (nl) * 1989-09-19 1992-04-21 Picanol Nv Blaasinrichting voor inslagdraden bij weefmachines.
CZ287374B6 (en) * 1995-10-10 2000-11-15 Textilma Ag Weaving loom with pneumatic weft thread insertion

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012079877A2 (fr) 2010-12-14 2012-06-21 Picanol Procédé et dispositif pour l'alimentation en fil de trame

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US6223783B1 (en) 2001-05-01
BE1011183A3 (nl) 1999-06-01
JP3894960B2 (ja) 2007-03-22
KR100504009B1 (ko) 2005-07-27
CN1083023C (zh) 2002-04-17
CN1258326A (zh) 2000-06-28
JP2001526745A (ja) 2001-12-18
EP0985062A1 (fr) 2000-03-15
DE59804593D1 (de) 2002-08-01
WO1998054385A1 (fr) 1998-12-03
KR20010020321A (ko) 2001-03-15

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