EP0974674B1 - Verfahren zum Entschwefeln einer Roheisenschmelze - Google Patents
Verfahren zum Entschwefeln einer Roheisenschmelze Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0974674B1 EP0974674B1 EP99106652A EP99106652A EP0974674B1 EP 0974674 B1 EP0974674 B1 EP 0974674B1 EP 99106652 A EP99106652 A EP 99106652A EP 99106652 A EP99106652 A EP 99106652A EP 0974674 B1 EP0974674 B1 EP 0974674B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- pig iron
- smelt
- treatment agent
- specific
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/02—Dephosphorising or desulfurising
- C21C1/025—Agents used for dephosphorising or desulfurising
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for desulfurization a pig iron melt, according to the generic term of claim 1.
- Pig iron desulfurization processes are different Execution types from practice and specialist literature (e.g. "Stahl und Eisen", No. 9/1997, pp. 53-58).
- the pig iron melt bath is used for this desulfurization in a corresponding vessel, which is in the generally by a torpedo pan or a tubular pan is formed, each time the blast furnace tapping is filled.
- DE 35 44 563 A discloses a fine-grained agent intended for the desulfurization of molten iron, which is blown into a molten iron in a fluidized form by means of a gas and essentially consists of technical calcium carbide and a dried coal which has at least 15% by weight. % contains volatile constituents and develops a gas volume of at least 80 N1 gas / kg coal at the temperature of the molten iron.
- the proportion of technical calcium carbide should be 50 to 98% by weight, particularly preferably 80 to 96% by weight, and the proportion of coal 50 to 2% by weight, particularly preferably 20 to 4% by weight. be.
- This coal can be selected from a group consisting of flame coal, gas flame coal and gas coal.
- Dried coal and pre-broken calcium carbide can be comminuted as a mixture in a mill to a desired degree of fineness (grain size ⁇ 200 ⁇ m , preferably ⁇ 100 ⁇ m ).
- the blowing in of this desulfurization agent is carried out with a conveying gas amount of 3 to 30 Nl / kg of desulfurizing agent into the molten iron, at a conveying rate of 10 to 100 kg / min, for which purpose at least one non-oxidizing gas is used as the conveying gas.
- Example 5 can also for the desulfurization agent a composition of 68% technical calcium carbide, 22% lime, 5% gilsonite (as asphaltite) and 5% Magnesium can be used.
- the components of this desulfurization agent can be a whole mixture or each be blown into the melt bath separately.
- This blowing can be done at a solid flow rate of 10 to 150 kg / min, preferably 30 to 80 kg / min with a gas quantity of 3 to 30 N1 gas / kg desulfurizing agent take place, with argon, nitrogen, Air, carbon dioxide or the like is used can be.
- Calcium carbide is a solid material admixed that at the temperature of the melted pig iron developed a gas and at which calcium carbonate mixed with carbon, Calcium magnesium carbonate, raw dolomite or magnesium carbonate and can trade raw magnesite.
- Example 1 can use the desulfurizing agent 70% by weight calcium carbide and 27% by weight limestone and contain 3% carbonaceous material. These mixed components are used in certain Press and with certain delivery rates from the Pressure vessels are conveyed out and into the melt bath blown.
- calcium-containing desulfurizing agents namely calcium carbide (CaC 2 ) and / or lime (CaO) and to introduce them into the pig iron melt bath by means of a so-called mono-injection, the desulfurizing agent being discharged from a conveying vessel and is blown into the hot metal melt or the hot metal melt bath with a transport gas via a refractory blowing lance. This blowing takes place during the entire treatment time with a constant blowing rate for desulfurizing agent and transport gas. Since both calcium carbide and lime are in the solid state at pig iron temperatures of around 1,250 to 1,550 ° C, this desulfurization of liquid pig iron is a solid-liquid reaction.
- This metallurgical process engineering of hot metal desulfurization with desulphurization agents containing calcium carbide and lime is based on a theoretical reactor model, after which the desulfurizing agents exclusively during the ascent from the lance discharge opening to the bath surface with that in pig iron dissolved sulfur can react.
- This procedural model presentation are in generally practiced two process variants, namely a time-optimized dense phase process and a cost-optimized process.
- An essential feature of the time-optimized dense phase process is setting a high Desulfurizing agent injection rate transport gas rate ratio i.e. the desulfurization agent is with a relatively high loading density in the pig iron melt bath blown.
- the desulfurization agent is with a relatively high loading density in the pig iron melt bath blown.
- the theoretical Basics of the transitory reactor model are created a pseudo-homogeneous at this high loading density Mixture by which in the area of the lance tip after dismantling the kinetic energy a large number smaller bubbles containing desulfurization is formed.
- This large number of small bubbles makes it sulphurous Pig iron melt has a relatively large reaction area offered.
- This relatively large specific bubble surface therefore favors the contact of the desulfurization agent with the sulphurous pig iron, which results in a relatively good level of utilization of the desulfurizing agents is achieved.
- This dense stream process works with the following features, for example: 60 to 90% technical CaC 2 content and 10 to 40% diamide lime as desulfurizing agent; 80 to 150 kg / min desulfurization blowing rate; 22 to 54 mol / min transport gas rate; Single-hole blowing lance, with a position of this blowing lance approximately perpendicular or inclined at an angle of 10 to 30% with respect to the vertical of the torpedo pan.
- the so-called cost-optimized process is based on an introduction device for pulverulent desulfurization reagents, roughly in accordance with EP-B-0 274 557, whereby an optimization of the pig iron desulfurization with respect to the previously described dense stream process could be achieved.
- This optimization is based on an extended model of the above-mentioned transitory reactor theory, according to which the efficiency of the desulfurization agents is mainly influenced by the flow conditions in the pig iron or in the pig iron bath, the speed of the concentration compensation in the pig iron melt and the amount of desulfurizing agent introduced per unit of time into the pig iron melt.
- This process was carried out with the lowest possible desulfurization blowing rates, high transport gas rates and the use of two-hole blowing lances with a lance position such that the outlet nozzles are rotated by a fixed angle with respect to the longitudinal axis of the melting pan.
- a further optimization can be achieved by using a eutectic calcium carbide mixture with a technical CaC 2 content of about 67%, a CaO content of about 28% and flame carbon with about 5%.
- the desulfurizing agent blowing rate is about 20 to 50 kg / min, with a transport gas rate of about 98 to 280 mol / min.
- the invention is therefore based on the object desulphurization to develop further that compared to the last known known (Cost-optimized) process a reduction in the blowing times with relatively low investment costs and with a reduction in the desulfurizing agent cost is achieved.
- gas releasing devices namely gas coal, flame coal, Plastics or other hydrocarbons, each at pig iron temperatures of around 1,150 to 1,500 ° C split off (release) reducing gases.
- the melt treatment agent is with a Rate of about 0.67 to 3.36 g per mole of transport gas, preferably about 1.34 to 2.24 kg per mole of transport gas, blown into the pig iron melt bath.
- the specific Melt treating agent blowing rate is expediently in the range from about 0.13 to 0.40 kg / (min t of pig iron), preferably about 0.15 to 0.25 kg / (min t pig iron), can be selected while the specific amount of transport gas and the specific split off amount of gas formed specific total amount of gas in the range of about 0.36 to 0.89 mol / (min * t Pig iron), preferably about 0.44 to 0.67 mol / (min * t Pig iron) is selected.
- this procedure according to the invention is further a gas quantity ratio between separated gas and transport gas at about 2 to 8, preferably at about 3 to 5.
- Nitrogen is preferably used as the transport gas, although other suitable transport gas types if necessary can be used, especially dried Compressed air, natural gas and / or argon.
- Gas releasing agent flame coal
- the proportion of Gas releasing agent (flame coal) in the melt treatment agent mixture limited to 13% to affect the Accuracy due to possible segregation tendencies to minimize.
Description
- Hohes Verhältnis von Entschwefelungsmittel-Einblasrate zu Transportgasrate, um über die Bildung einer großen Anzahl kleiner Blasen/Bläschen den Wirkungsgrad der Entschwefelung zu verbessern;
- hohe Gasmengen für einen beschleunigten Konzentrationsausgleich in der Roheisenschmelze (Roheisen-Schmelzebad);
- niedrige Entschwefelungsmittel-Einblasraten, um den Wirkungsgrad der Entschwefelung über eine Verringerung der im Roheisen pro Zeiteinheit angebotenen Entschwefelungsmittelmenge zu erhöhen;
- reduzierende Bedingungen (d.h. Verringerung oder Beseitigung von Sauerstoff), da Calciumcarbid und Calciumsulfid eine höhere Affinität zu Sauerstoff haben als zu Schwefel;
- Entschwefelungsmittel mit geringen Entmischungstendenzen für die Sicherstellung der Reproduzierbarkeit der Entschwefelung;
- Lanzenausführung und Position der Einblaslanze in dem die Roheisenschmelze aufnehmenden Gefäß (Torpedopfanne oder dergl.), bei Optimierung der Strömungsverhältnisse in dem Gefäß.
- Ein relativ hohes Verhältnis von Schmelzebehandlungsmittel-Einblasrate zu Transportgasrate. Hierdurch ergibt sich eine relativ hohe Beladungsdichte, die im Roheisen-Schmelzebad eine Vielzahl kleiner Gasblasen bzw. Gasbläschen bewirkt, in denen sich die Entschwefelungsmittelpartikel befinden. Da kleinere Gasblasen eine relativ große spezifische Oberfläche (Blasenoberfläche) besitzen, wird mit einer hohen Beladungsdichte eine Verringerung der Entschwefelungsmittel-Verbräuche erreicht.
- Eine relativ hohe spezifische Gesamtgasmenge. Durch hohe spezifische Gesamtgasmengen wird infolge einer besonders intensiven Durchmischung des Roheisens (Rühreffekt) eine verbesserte Verteilung des Entschwefelungsmittels im Roheisen und ein beschleunigter Konzentrationsausgleich erreicht, was wiederum insgesamt zu einem besonders hohen Wirkungsgrad bei der Entschwefelung des Roheisens führt.
- Ein relativ hohes Verhältnis von durch den Zusatzstoff abgespaltener Gasmenge zu Transprotgasmenge. Dies ergibt sich dadurch, daß die durch den Zusatzstoff freigesetzten bzw. abgespaltenen Gase Entschwefelungsmittelpartikel aus bestehenden Gasblasen herauslösen und in direktem Kontakt mit der schwefelhaltigen Roheisenschmelze bringen, wodurch ebenfalls der Wirkungsgrad der Entschwefelung verbesert bzw. erhöht wird.
Verfahrensdaten | Erfindungsgemäßes Verfahren | Kostenoptimiertes Verfahren |
Schmelzebehandlungsmittel- | 67 % techn. Calciumcarbid | 67 % techn. Calciumcarbid |
20% Kalk | 28% Kalk | |
13 % Flammkohle | 5 % Flammkohle | |
Schmelebehandlungsmittel-Einblasrate | 40 kg/min | 30 kg/min |
Spezifische Schmelzbehandlungsmittel-Einblasrate | 0,16 kg/(min t Roheisen) | 0,12 kg/(min t Roheisen) |
Transportgas | Stickstoff | Stickstoff |
Transportgasmenge | 22,3 mol/min | 142,8 mol/min |
Gasabspaltermenge | 104,5 mol/min | 30,1 mol/min |
Gesamtgasmenge | 126,8 mol/min | 172,9 mol/min |
Spezifische Gesamtgasmenge | 0,52 mol/(min * t Roheisen) | 0.71 mol/(min * t Roheisen) |
Betriebsdaten | Erfindungsgemäßes Verfahren | Kostenoptimiertes Verfahren |
Anzahl Chargen | 45 | 242 |
ø Roheisengewicht | 241,8 t | 242,1 t |
ø Roheisentemperatur | 1405 °C | 1408 °C |
ø Anfangsschwefelgehalt | 0,057 % | 0,058 % |
ø Endschwefelgehalt | 0,005 % | 0,005 % |
ø Entschwefelungsmittelverbrauch | 5,75 kg/t Roheisen | 7,33 g/t Roheisen |
ø Einblaszeit | 34,8 min | 59,1 min |
ø Lanzenstandzeit | 750 min | 750 min |
ø Roheisenverluste | 3808 kg | 4195 kg |
ø Spezifische Roheisenverluste | 15,7 kg/t Roheisen | 17,3 kg/t Roheisen |
ø Transportgasverbrauch | 776 mol/charge | 8,442 mol/charge |
ø spezifischer Transportgasverbrauch | 3,21 mol/(min * t Roheisen) | 34.9 mol/(min * t Roheisen) |
- beim Verbrauch des Entschwefelungs- bzw. Schmelzebehandlungsmittels mit - 21,3 %,
- bei den Einblaszeiten mit - 41,1 %,
- bei der Anzahl der Einblaslanzen* mit -41,1 % und
- bei den Roheisenverlusten mit -9,2 %.
Claims (7)
- Verfahren zum Entschwefeln einer Roheisenschmelze, wobei ein Schmelzebehandlungsmittel, das ein Gemisch aus wenigstens einem feinkörnigen, calciumhaltigen Entschwefelungsmittel und einem reduzierend wirkenden, gasabspaltenden Zusatzstoff enhält, mit Hilfe eines Transportgases in ein Roheisen-Schmelzebad eingeblasen wird, wobei das Schmelzebehandlungsmittel aus folgende Anteile - in Gew.-% - besteht :30 bis 72 % CaC215 bis 62 % CaO8 bis 20 % gasabspaltender Zusatzstoff.das Schrmelzebehandlungsmittel wird mit einer Rate von 0,67 bis 3,36 kg pro mol Transportgas in das Roheisen-Schmelzebad eingeblasen;die spezifische Schmelzebehandlungsmittel-Einblasrate wird im Bereich von 0,13 bis 0,40 kg/(min t Roheisen) und die aus der spez. Transportgasmenge und der spez. abgespaltenen Gasmenge gebildete spez. Gesamtgasmenge im Bereich von 0,36 bis 0,89 mol/(min * t Roheisen) gewählt;das Gasmengen-Verhältnis zwischen abgespaltenem Gas und Transportgas wird bei 2 bis 8 gewählt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als gasabspaltender Zusatzstoff Gaskohle, Flammkohle, Kunststoffe oder andere Kohlenwasserstoffe, die bei Roheisentemperaturen von etwa 1.150 bis 1.500 °C reduzierende Gase abspalten, eingesetzt werden.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Schmelzebehandlungsmittel mit einer Rate von 1,34 bis 2,29 kg pro mol Transportgas, in das Roheisen-Schmelzebad eingeblasen wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die spezifische Schmelzebehandlungsmittel-Einblasrate im Bereich von 0,15 bis 0,25 kg/(min t Roheisen), und die aus der spez. Transportgasmenge und der spez. abgespaltenen Gasmenge gebildete spez. Gesamtgasmenge im Bereich von 0,44 bis 0,67 mol/(min * t Roheisen), gewählt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Gasmengen-Verhältnis zwischen abgespaltenem Gas und Transportgas bei 3 bis 5, gewählt wird.
- Verfahren nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Transportgas Stickstoff, getrocknete Druckluft, Erdgas und/oder Argon, bevorzugt jedoch Stickstoff verwendet wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Schmelzebad-Behandlungsmittel in fertig gemischtem Zustand aus Entschwefelungsmittel und Zusatzstoff pneumatisch in das Roheisen-Schmelzebad eingeblasen wird.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19833036 | 1998-07-22 | ||
DE19833036A DE19833036A1 (de) | 1998-07-22 | 1998-07-22 | Verfahren zum Entschwefeln einer Roheisenschmelze |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0974674A1 EP0974674A1 (de) | 2000-01-26 |
EP0974674B1 true EP0974674B1 (de) | 2004-10-06 |
Family
ID=7874963
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99106652A Expired - Lifetime EP0974674B1 (de) | 1998-07-22 | 1999-03-31 | Verfahren zum Entschwefeln einer Roheisenschmelze |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0974674B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE278810T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19833036A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2261138C3 (de) * | 1972-12-14 | 1975-05-15 | Polysius Ag, 4723 Neubeckum | Verfahren zum Einführen von Zuschlagstoffen in ein metallurgisches Bad |
US3955966A (en) * | 1974-03-06 | 1976-05-11 | August Thyssen-Hutte Ag | Method for dispensing a fluidizable solid from a pressure vessel |
DE2716457C2 (de) * | 1977-04-14 | 1985-11-21 | Skw Trostberg Ag, 8223 Trostberg | Verfahren zum Einblasen von Entschwefelungsgemischen in Eisenschmelzen |
DE3544563C2 (de) * | 1985-12-17 | 1998-07-16 | Sueddeutsche Kalkstickstoff | Mittel zur Entschwefelung von geschmolzenem Eisen |
DE3942405A1 (de) * | 1989-12-21 | 1991-06-27 | Krupp Polysius Ag | Verfahren und foerderanlage zum einblasen von pulverfoermigem behandlungsmittel in roheisen- und stahlschmelzen |
UA32411C2 (uk) * | 1991-08-28 | 2000-12-15 | Тіссен Шталь Аг | Спосіб обробки розплавів доменного чавуну в резервуарі (варіанти) |
CA2054244C (en) * | 1991-10-25 | 2000-08-01 | Bruce James Barker | Powdered desulfurizing reagent and process of use |
-
1998
- 1998-07-22 DE DE19833036A patent/DE19833036A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1999
- 1999-03-31 DE DE59910702T patent/DE59910702D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-03-31 AT AT99106652T patent/ATE278810T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-03-31 EP EP99106652A patent/EP0974674B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE59910702D1 (de) | 2004-11-11 |
DE19833036A1 (de) | 2000-01-27 |
ATE278810T1 (de) | 2004-10-15 |
EP0974674A1 (de) | 2000-01-26 |
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