EP0971123B1 - Pompe d'injection de carburant - Google Patents

Pompe d'injection de carburant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0971123B1
EP0971123B1 EP99113205A EP99113205A EP0971123B1 EP 0971123 B1 EP0971123 B1 EP 0971123B1 EP 99113205 A EP99113205 A EP 99113205A EP 99113205 A EP99113205 A EP 99113205A EP 0971123 B1 EP0971123 B1 EP 0971123B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bore
control
cross
piston
bores
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99113205A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0971123A3 (fr
EP0971123A2 (fr
Inventor
Rolf Prillwitz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LOrange GmbH
Original Assignee
LOrange GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LOrange GmbH filed Critical LOrange GmbH
Publication of EP0971123A2 publication Critical patent/EP0971123A2/fr
Publication of EP0971123A3 publication Critical patent/EP0971123A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0971123B1 publication Critical patent/EP0971123B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/20—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing
    • F02M59/24—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing with constant-length-stroke pistons having variable effective portion of stroke
    • F02M59/26—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing with constant-length-stroke pistons having variable effective portion of stroke caused by movements of pistons relative to their cylinders
    • F02M59/265—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing with constant-length-stroke pistons having variable effective portion of stroke caused by movements of pistons relative to their cylinders characterised by the arrangement or form of spill port of spill contour on the piston
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
    • F02M55/001—Pumps with means for preventing erosion on fuel discharge

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injection pump for an internal combustion engine according to the Preamble of claim 1.
  • a common fuel injection pump for an internal combustion engine contains one in one Pump cylinder guided pump piston and a limited by the pump piston Pressure chamber and at least one control hole.
  • the pump piston has a upper control edge on the pressure chamber side and at least one lower, sloping one Control edge, which is the beginning and end of the Determine the fuel delivery of the injection pump.
  • the pump piston has one in the pressurized piston head located in the pressure chamber.
  • a such a fuel injection pump is known for example from DE 43 04 084 C2.
  • a fuel injection pump emerges as known, at the other in a cylinder axially and rotatably guided pump piston a control edge and a pre-control is formed, which essentially follows the course of the Control edge follows.
  • the Vorabsteuemut stands with a longitudinal groove in the lateral surface of the Pump piston in connection, which in turn in connection with the pump work space stands.
  • the pre-tax groove arrives in the immediately before the control edge Area of the control opening, which causes high-pressure fuel in metered Quantity flows into the tax openings immediately before the start of taxation, thereby Cavitation damage to the outer surface of the pump piston can be avoided.
  • a pump element is used Injection pump according to DE 40 06 899 A1 during a delivery process Leakage from the pressure chamber of the pump cylinder to the control holes, to push vacuum bubbles away from the control edge of the pump piston.
  • a circumferential groove is used in the Pistons in a horizontal plane to guide the leakage to the control bores.
  • the fuel injection pump which is shown in EP 0 270 519 A1, is also used constant leakage to convey away in the suction and overflow holes located gas bubbles. For this purpose, exiting on the circumference of the pump piston radial bores that are throttled via a longitudinal bore in the pump piston Connect to the working area of the pump piston.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a fuel injection pump for a Specify internal combustion engine in which the occurrence of cavitation is essential is reduced or even avoided altogether.
  • the fuel injection pump according to the invention for an internal combustion engine comprises a pump piston guided in a pump cylinder and one of the Pump piston limited pressure space, and at least one control bore, the Pump piston an upper control edge on the pressure chamber side and at least one has lower, oblique control edge, which is covered by sweeping over the control bore (s) Determine the start and end of fuel delivery for the injection pump, with the Pump piston a the fuel in the pressure chamber has pressurizing piston head.
  • a pre-control groove is formed on the pump piston in the region of the lower control edge which is earlier than the lower, sloping one when the control bore (s) are covered Control edge releases the control hole in the sense of ending the fuel delivery, and that a flow connection leading from the piston head to the pre-control groove is provided which has means for limiting the flow.
  • the pre-control groove essentially the course of the lower, oblique control edge is subsequently formed in the outer surface of the pump piston.
  • the Advance control groove by spacing against the lower, oblique control edge subsequent high pressure area sealed.
  • the Flow connection at least one from the piston head in the axial direction into the interior of the pump piston and at least one bore in the radial direction of the pilot control groove running into the interior of the pump piston, the axial bore intersecting bore.
  • a major advantage of the fuel injection pump according to the invention is that before the control edge of the pump piston sweeps over the control bore, by means of the In advance control groove there is a significant reduction in the pressure in the pressure chamber and thus flow processes in the area of the control edge and Control bore can be reduced.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the fuel pump according to the invention provides that the pump cylinder has two diametrically opposite control bores and the pump piston each have two diametrically opposite lower control edges and pilot control grooves, and that the bores extending in the radial direction open diametrically opposite in the axial bore.
  • the diametrical arrangement of the Openings of the radial bores in the axial bore bring the advantageous Effect that the fuel flows entering the radial bores are directed in the opposite direction and thus as much pressure energy as possible is destroyed.
  • each pre-tax groove several radial bores are provided, which are angularly offset from one another run, with two holes diametrically opposite each other at the same height in the axial bore open.
  • this leads to a splitting of the piston head fuel flows entering the pre-tax groove with the effect of a strong reduction of pressure energy, as well as the opposite occurring in the pre-tax grooves Fuel flows through which further energy degradation takes place.
  • two radial bores are provided for each pilot control, which each lead into the vicinity of the ends of the pre-tax grooves. This leads to two opposite currents in the pre-tax grooves, whose energies Remove each other from entering the control holes.
  • the means for limiting the flow are advantageously by at least one Small cross-sectional area of the one running through the interior of the pump piston Holes formed. It is advantageously provided that the cross section of the axial bore is smaller than the sum of the cross sections of the radial bores opening into these.
  • the second cross section B is smaller than the first cross section A.
  • the first cross section A advantageously about twice the second cross section B.
  • the cross section of the radial bore is advantageously smaller or approximately small the cross-section of the pre-tax groove.
  • reference numeral 1 means the pump cylinder Fuel injection pump for an internal combustion engine, in particular a diesel engine.
  • a pump piston 2 is displaceably guided in the axial direction of the pump cylinder 1, which of a camshaft acting on a piston foot of the pump piston is cyclically driven.
  • the camshaft and piston foot are not shown in FIG. 1.
  • the Pump piston 2 is provided at its lower end with a piston vane 11, which in cooperation with, for example, a rack a twist around Piston axis allows over a predetermined angular range.
  • the pump piston 2 delimits on its upper side a pressure chamber 3 which is in the pump cylinder 1 is provided. At the top of the pressure chamber 3, an inlet channel 10 and open Drain channel 9 for the fuel.
  • Control bores 4a and 4b are provided laterally in the pump cylinder 1.
  • a that the upper end of the pump piston 2 forming piston head 5 is on a circumference with a upper, pressure chamber-side control edge 6 and lower, oblique control edges 7a, 7b provided, of which only one control edge 7a is visible in Fig. 1.
  • the top control edge 6 and the lower control edge 7a together limit a connection of the Pressure chamber 3 with the underside of the lower, oblique control edge 7a, 7b producing Piston groove 8 is a control triangle, which by sweeping the control holes 4a, 4b Determines the start and end of fuel delivery for the injection pump.
  • Fuel injection pump are two such control triangles, each of which cooperate with the control bores 4a and 4b.
  • Fig. 1 and Fig. 2a) to c) is in the range of the lower one Control edge 7a, 7b on the pump piston 2 a pre-control groove 20a, 20b in the form of a the routing of the lower control edge 7a, 7b provided.
  • the Pre-control groove 20a, 20b is formed by a formed in the interior of the pump piston 2 Flow connection with the piston head 5 and thus with the pressure chamber in Connection.
  • the flow connection is through a in the center of the pump piston 2 extending axial bore 23 and two for each pilot valve groove 7a, 7b provided radially extending bores 21a, 22a and 21b, 22b.
  • the upper side of the axial bore 23 is expanded by a cone 24.
  • the pre-control groove 20a, 20b sweeps as the pump piston moves upward 2 earlier during the delivery stroke of the injection pump, the respective control bore 4a, 4b than the lower, oblique control edge 7a, 7b, so that an earlier pressure relief of the Pressure chamber 3 via the bores 23 and 21a, 22a, 21b, 22b and the pilot valve grooves 20a, 20b in the sense of ending fuel delivery.
  • the cross section of the through the axial bore 23 and the radial bores 21a, 22a, 21b, 22b formed flow connection is chosen so that a substantial degradation of the pressure energy stored in the printing space 3 takes place, so that in the final Pressure relief of the pressure chamber 3 via the lower control edge 7a, 7b no cavitation no longer occurs, but on the other hand, there is still no cavitation in the pilot control groove 20a, 20b occurs.
  • the radial bores 21a, 22a and 21b, 22b each open near the ends of the Pre-tax grooves 20a, 20b in this.
  • the radial Bores 21a, 22a and 21b, 22b angularly offset and open each in pairs diametrically opposite each other in the axial bore 23. Die mutual position of the radial bores 21a, 22a and 21b, 22b is again in Fig. 3a) shown enlarged.
  • the axial bore 23 has between the mouths of the radial bores 21a, 21b and 22a, 22b a reduction in the cross section.
  • the cross sections of the axial bore 23 chosen so that the first cross section at the first radial bore 21a, 21b approximately is twice as large as the second cross section at the second radial bore 22a, 22b.
  • This reduction in the flow limiting in the axial bore 23 Cross section should be achieved that the flow from the pressure chamber 3 to the Pre-control grooves 20a, 20b approximately equal to the first radial bore 21a, 21b and the second radial bore 22a, 22b distributed.
  • the cross sections of the holes chosen so that the cross section of the axial bore 23 is smaller than the sum of the Cross sections of the radial bores 21a, 21b or 22a, 22b opening into these.
  • Fig. 3c shows a further enlarged section along the line A-B in Fig. 2c) in Pre-tax groove area 20b.
  • the edges of the pre-control groove are on rounded their sole with a radius R, which on the one hand improves the Flow behavior within the pre-control groove 20a, 20b and the other Strength of the pump piston 2 in the area of the pre-control groove 20a, 20b and serves in particular the heavily loaded lower control edges 7a, 7b.
  • the Strength is the measure of the distance S between the pre-control groove 20a, 20b and lower control edge 7a, 7b of importance.
  • This dimension S is to be chosen so that on the one hand the beginning of the pre-control when the pre-control groove 20a, 20b arrives at the Control bore 4a, 4b in an appropriate relationship to the end of fuel delivery when the lower control edge 7a, 7b arrives at the control bore 4a, 4b and on the other hand, the occurrence of damage in this highly stressed area of the Pump piston 2 is reliably excluded.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Pompe d'injection de carburant pour un moteur à combustion interne avec un piston de pompe (2) guidé dans un cylindre de pompe (1) et une chambre de compression (3) délimitée par le piston de pompe (2), et avec au moins un alésage de commande (4a, 4b), dans laquelle le piston de pompe (2) présente une arête de commande supérieure (6) située du côté de la chambre de compression et au moins une arête de commande inférieure oblique (7a, 7b), qui fixent, par le franchissement des alésages de commande (4a, 4b), le commencement et la fin de l'envoi de carburant à la pompe d'injection, dans laquelle le piston de pompe (2) présente une tête de piston (5) refoulant le carburant qui se trouve dans la chambre de compression (3), dans laquelle une rainure de commande anticipée (20a, 20b) est formée sur le piston de pompe (2) dans la région de l'arête/des arêtes de commande inférieure(s) (7a, 7b), qui, en franchissant les alésages de commande (4a, 4b) plus tôt que l'arête de commande inférieure oblique (7a, 7b), libère l'alésage de commande (4a, 4b) dans le sens d'un achèvement de l'envoi de carburant, et dans laquelle il est prévu une communication fluidique menant de la tête de piston (5) à la rainure de commande anticipée (20a, 20b), qui présente des moyens de limitation de l'écoulement, dans laquelle la rainure de commande anticipée (20a, 20b) est formée dans la surface latérale du piston de pompe (2) en suivant sensiblement le tracé de l'arête de commande inférieure oblique (7a, 7b), et dans laquelle la rainure de commande anticipée (20a, 20b) est rendue étanche par l'espacement (S) par rapport à la zone de haute pression succédant à l'arête de commande inférieure oblique (7a, 7b), caractérisée en ce que la communication fluidique présente au moins un alésage (23) allant de la tête de piston (5) en direction axiale jusqu'à l'intérieur du piston de pompe (2) et au moins un alésage (21a, 21b, 22a, 22b) allant en direction radiale de la rainure de commande anticipée (20a, 20b) jusqu'à l'intérieur du piston de pompe (2) et coupant l'alésage axial (23).
  2. Pompe d'injection de carburant suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le cylindre de pompe (1) présente deux alésages de commande (4a, 4b) diamétralement opposés et le piston de pompe (2) présente respectivement deux arêtes de commande inférieures (7a, 7b) et deux rainures de commande anticipée (20a, 20b) diamétralement opposées, et en ce que les alésages orientés en direction radiale (21a, 21b, 22a, 22b) débouchent dans des positions diamétralement opposées dans l'alésage axial (23).
  3. Pompe d'injection de carburant suivant la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce qu'il est prévu pour chaque rainure de commande anticipée (20a, 20b) plusieurs alésages radiaux (21a, 22a, respectivement 21b, 22b), qui sont angulairement décalés les uns par rapport aux autres, dans laquelle deux alésages (21a, 21b, respectivement 22a, 22b) débouchent chaque fois dans des positions diamétralement opposées dans l'alésage axial (23).
  4. Pompe d'injection de carburant suivant la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce qu'il est prévu pour chaque rainure de commande anticipée (20a, 20b) deux alésages radiaux (21a, 22a, respectivement 21b, 22b), qui débouchent dans les rainures de commande anticipée (20a, 20b) chaque fois à proximité des extrémités de celles-ci.
  5. Pompe d'injection de carburant suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de limitation de l'écoulement sont formés par au moins une région de section transversale réduite du/des alésage(s) (21a, 21b, 22a, 22b, 23) traversant l'intérieur du piston de pompe (2).
  6. Pompe d'injection de carburant suivant la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que la section transversale de l'alésage axial (23) est plus petite que la somme des sections transversales des alésages radiaux (21a, 21b, respectivement 22a, 22b) débouchant dans celui-ci.
  7. Pompe d'injection de carburant suivant la revendication 6 en relation avec la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisée en ce que la section transversale de l'alésage axial (23) diminue à partir de la tête de piston (5) entre les embouchures des alésages radiaux (21a, 21b et 22a, 22b).
  8. Pompe d'injection de carburant suivant la revendication 7 en relation avec la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que l'alésage axial (23) partant de la tête de piston (5) présente une première section transversale avant le premier alésage radial (21a, 21b) et une seconde section transversale avant le second alésage radial (22a, 22b), la seconde section transversale étant plus petite que la première section transversale.
  9. Pompe d'injection de carburant suivant la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que la première section transversale vaut environ le double de la seconde section transversale.
  10. Pompe d'injection de carburant suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisée en ce que la section transversale des alésages radiaux (21a, 21b, 22a, 22b) est inférieure ou environ égale à la section transversale de la rainure de commande anticipée (20a, 20b).
  11. Pompe d'injection de carburant suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisée en ce que la rainure de commande anticipée (20a, 20b) présente dans son fond des arêtes arrondies avec un rayon R.
EP99113205A 1998-07-10 1999-07-08 Pompe d'injection de carburant Expired - Lifetime EP0971123B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19831078A DE19831078A1 (de) 1998-07-10 1998-07-10 Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe
DE19831078 1998-07-10

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0971123A2 EP0971123A2 (fr) 2000-01-12
EP0971123A3 EP0971123A3 (fr) 2001-04-18
EP0971123B1 true EP0971123B1 (fr) 2003-05-07

Family

ID=7873708

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99113205A Expired - Lifetime EP0971123B1 (fr) 1998-07-10 1999-07-08 Pompe d'injection de carburant

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0971123B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE239868T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19831078A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10163693A1 (de) * 2001-12-21 2003-07-10 Orange Gmbh Einspritzinjektor für Brennkraftmaschinen
EP1505294B1 (fr) * 2003-08-07 2007-01-24 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Ensemble de pompe
ITBO20040322A1 (it) * 2004-05-20 2004-08-20 Magneti Marelli Powertrain Spa Metodo ed impianto per l'iniezione diretta di carburante in un motore a combustione interna
KR101400580B1 (ko) * 2010-01-15 2014-07-01 현대중공업 주식회사 연료분사펌프의 분사장치

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2067883A5 (fr) * 1969-11-20 1971-08-20 Peugeot
US4163634A (en) * 1977-11-25 1979-08-07 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Fuel pump plunger
DE3347430A1 (de) * 1983-12-29 1985-07-11 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe fuer brennkraftmaschinen
DE3763811D1 (de) * 1986-11-21 1990-08-23 Bosch Robert Pumpenelement einer brennstoffeinspritzpumpe fuer einspritzbrennkraftmaschinen.
DE3804843A1 (de) * 1988-02-17 1989-08-31 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe fuer brennkraftmaschinen
DE4002557C2 (de) * 1990-01-30 1996-02-01 Orange Gmbh Hochdruck-Kolbenpumpe
DE4006899A1 (de) * 1990-03-06 1991-09-12 Mak Maschinenbau Krupp Verfahren und vorrichtung zur vermeidung einer kavitation an einem pumpenelement einer einspritzpumpe
DE4304084C2 (de) 1993-02-11 1995-03-09 Orange Gmbh Einspritzpumpenelement mit schrägen Steuerkanten

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0971123A3 (fr) 2001-04-18
DE19831078A1 (de) 2000-01-13
EP0971123A2 (fr) 2000-01-12
ATE239868T1 (de) 2003-05-15
DE59905415D1 (de) 2003-06-12

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