EP0263807B1 - Partie de pompe à combustible pour moteur à injection - Google Patents

Partie de pompe à combustible pour moteur à injection Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0263807B1
EP0263807B1 EP19870890209 EP87890209A EP0263807B1 EP 0263807 B1 EP0263807 B1 EP 0263807B1 EP 19870890209 EP19870890209 EP 19870890209 EP 87890209 A EP87890209 A EP 87890209A EP 0263807 B1 EP0263807 B1 EP 0263807B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bore
pump
piston
suction
delivery
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19870890209
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0263807A1 (fr
Inventor
Stanislaw Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Bodzak
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch AG
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch AG filed Critical Robert Bosch AG
Publication of EP0263807A1 publication Critical patent/EP0263807A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0263807B1 publication Critical patent/EP0263807B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M55/00Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
    • F02M55/001Pumps with means for preventing erosion on fuel discharge

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pump element of a fuel injection pump for injection internal combustion engines, in which the pump piston liner has at least one suction and overflow bore, which is closed and opened again by control edges of the pump piston and the delivery end is determined by opening the suction and overflow bore, one in the In the region of the piston end face, the control edge arranged determines the start of delivery and a control edge arranged on the piston jacket, in particular at an angle, determines the end of delivery.
  • the fuel flows back through the suction and overflow bore from the working chamber of the pump into the suction chamber of the pump with increasing speed.
  • this fuel flow is suddenly interrupted, which creates a vacuum in the suction and overflow bores, which results in the formation of vapor bubbles.
  • the pump piston brings the fuel in the pump's working space to very high pressures of, for example, 1000 bar and more, and at the end of delivery this highly compressed fuel flows into the suction and overflow bores. Due to the pressure increase in the suction and overflow bores, these vapor bubbles implode, causing cavitation and erosion on the wall of the suction and overflow bores and also on the piston skirt and on the control edge.
  • the object of the invention is to counteract the occurrence of cavitation and erosion.
  • the invention essentially consists in that at least one of the bores of the pump piston bushing which cooperate with the control edge (s) which determine the conveying end and which open into the piston running surface of the pump piston bushing is closed off from the suction chamber and at least one into the Suction chamber opens, with the bore sealed off from the suction chamber at the end of delivery being opened approximately simultaneously with the control of the opening in the suction chamber by the control edge and via a line connection provided on the side of the piston end face facing the delivery end with the control edge determining the delivery end in the suction chamber opening can be connected.
  • the fuel that is removed reaches both the bore opening into the suction chamber and the bore closed off against the suction chamber.
  • the bore opening into the suction chamber now acts solely as a suction and overflow bore and the fuel entering the bore closed off against the suction chamber is deflected in this blind bore and reaches the bore opening into the suction chamber via the line connection.
  • the fuel jet deflected in the bore sealed off from the suction space enters the bore opening into the suction space, flushes away the vapor bubbles there and implodes them.
  • this hole which is sealed off from the suction chamber, is closed off by the pump piston jacket, and therefore no additional fuel jet is conducted into the bore connected to the suction chamber by this design at the end of delivery, so that the effect of removing the bubbles from the bore connected to the suction chamber is not can be reached.
  • the arrangement of these bores according to the invention is preferably such that the bore closed off from the suction chamber is opened earlier by the control edge of the pump piston which determines the delivery end than the bore opening into the suction chamber.
  • the fuel jet deflected in the bore sealed off from the suction space enters the suction and overflow bore opening into the suction space before the directly deactivated fuel jet.
  • the vapor bubbles located in the suction and overflow bore are partly carried away in the direction of the suction space and partially caused to implode, so that the cavitation and erosion caused by the imploding of the vapor bubbles on the one hand occur less at the critical point, namely on the pump piston and be diminished on the other hand.
  • the line connection provided in the pump piston is formed by a transverse bore in the pump piston. It is thereby achieved that the deflected fuel jet in the direction of the axis of the suction and overflow bore opening into the suction chamber enter the latter, thereby improving the effect of conveying the vapor bubbles away towards the suction chamber.
  • the cross bore of the pump piston expediently opens into surface recesses, for example, on the piston skirt. It is thereby achieved that the deflected fuel jet also reaches the suction and overflow bore opening into the suction chamber if the transverse bore does not exactly hit this suction and overflow bore when the piston is rotated.
  • the surface recesses are expediently elongated and lie parallel to the control edge which determines the conveying end. If the line connection is formed by a transverse bore, there is one on one side of the pump piston against the suction chamber closed bore and on the other hand, a suction and overflow bore opening into the suction chamber are provided. The pressure conditions are therefore not completely symmetrical and the piston may wear on one side.
  • the arrangement can also be such that the bore sealed off from the suction chamber and the bore of the pump piston sleeve opening into the suction chamber lie on the same side of the pump piston and the line connection provided in the piston is provided by an elongated surface recess, for example a bevel on the piston skirt , is formed, which overlaps both the bore sealed off from the suction space and the bore opening into the sag space.
  • a bore opening into the suction space and a bore closed off from the suction space can be arranged on the opposite sides of the pump piston liner. The fuel jet deflected in the bore sealed off from the suction space reaches the bore opening into the suction space via the surface recess.
  • the elongated surface recess preferably runs approximately parallel to the control edge of the pump piston which determines the delivery end.
  • Hiebei does not have the advantage that the redirected fuel jet strikes it as precisely as possible in the direction of the axis of the suction and overflow bore, but the advantage is achieved that the pressure distribution is completely symmetrical and therefore one-sided heavy wear on the piston is avoided .
  • FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 show the functional principle of the design according to FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, in which the line connection provided in the pump piston is formed by a transverse bore 1 in the pump piston 2.
  • 3 is the working area of the pump piston 2 and 4 is the pump piston sleeve.
  • the pump piston liner 4 has two bores 7 and 8 on the running surface 6 for the piston 2.
  • the bore 7 opens into the suction chamber 9 (FIG. 2) which surrounds the pump piston liner 4.
  • the bore 8 is closed against the suction chamber 9.
  • this hole 8 is shown as a blind hole.
  • this bore 8 is closed by a screwed plug 10.
  • the bores 7 and 8 are ground by oblique control edges 11 and 12 of the piston 2 at the injection end, whereby the delivery end is determined by overflow into the bores 7 and 8.
  • the bore 7 opening into the suction chamber 9 is smoothed by the control edge 11, the discharged fuel flows in a sharp jet in the direction of arrow 13 into the bore 7 and into the suction chamber 9, into which the bore 7 opens.
  • the fuel flows as soon as the control edge 12 opens the bore 8 into the bore 8 which is closed off from the suction chamber and is deflected in the bore 8 in the direction of the arrow 14 and reaches the transverse bore 1.
  • the deflected fuel jet emerges from this transverse bore 11 in the direction of arrow 15 approximately in the axial direction of the bore 7.
  • the axis of the transverse bore 1 lies above the axis of the bore 7 opening into the suction chamber.
  • the fuel jet emerging from the bore 1 therefore flows along the upper wall of the bore 7 in FIG. 1 in the direction of arrow 15 in this bore 7.
  • the direct fuel jet entering the bore 7 in the direction of the arrow 13 flows into the bore 7 with great energy and strikes the fuel jet emerging from the transverse bore 1, as a result of which the impact energy on the upper wall of the Boig.2 is shown, slightly higher than that Control edge 11 lie.
  • the closed bore 8 is opened by the higher control edge before the bore 7 is opened by the control edge 11.
  • the deflected fuel jet therefore enters the bore 7 opening into the suction space through the transverse bore 1 earlier than the direct fuel jet, which is deflected by the control edge 11. This has the effect that the steam bubbles located in this bore 7 are pushed towards the suction chamber and further that the fuel jet, which enters the bore 7 in the direction 13, is deflected so that this fuel jet is at a reduced angle on the opposite one Wall of the bore 7 hits.
  • the transverse bore 1 opens at both ends, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, into surface recesses 16 of the piston 2, which are formed by bevels, and these surface recesses 16 are elongated and run approximately parallel to the control edges 11 and 12. Through these surface recesses 16 is taken into account the different rotational positions of the pump piston 2.
  • the upper edge of the piston which at the same time forms the end face thereof, represents a control edge 17 which determines the start of delivery by grinding over the suction and overflow bore 7.
  • the distance a of the surface recess 16 from the control edge 12 is approximately equal to the distance b of the surface recess 16 from the control edge 17 that determines the start of delivery.
  • the bore 1 in the pump piston 2 has a smaller diameter than the suction and overflow bore 7 in the pump piston liner 4.
  • the bores 7 and 8 are provided on diametrically opposite sides of the pump piston 2 in the pump piston sleeve 4.
  • 7 and 8 show an embodiment in a development of the piston surface, in which the bores 7 and 8 are provided on the same side of the piston 2 in the pump piston sleeve 4.
  • the oblique control edge 12 opens the bores 7 and 8 when the piston is in the upward gear.
  • the bore 7 opens into the suction chamber and the bore 8 is closed against the suction chamber.
  • Both bores 7 and 8 are connected to one another via a surface recess or a bevel 16 of the piston 2, while the control edge 12 opens the bores 7 and 8. This surface recess 16 again runs approximately parallel to the oblique control edge 12.
  • the fuel jet When opening the bore 8, the fuel jet is deflected in the bore 8 and passes via the surface recess 16 in the direction of arrow 18 into the suction and overflow bore 7 opening into the suction chamber 7, the bore 7 is simultaneously opened by the oblique control edge and the direct fuel jet now enters the suction and overflow bore 7, as indicated by the arrow 19.
  • the arrangement can be such that the bore 8 is opened by the control edge 12 before the control edge 12 clears the bore 7.
  • the redirected fuel jet gets into the bore earlier than the direct fuel jet, so that the direction of the direct fuel jet is deflected away from the wall of the bore 7 by the redirected fuel jet occurring previously.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (8)

1. Elément de pompe d'une pompe d'injection de carburant pour moteurs à combustion interne à injection, dans lequel la chemise (4) du piston plongeur comprend au moins un alésage d'aspiration et d'écoulement (7) sur lequel passent en glissant les arêtes de commande (11, 12, 17) du piston plongeur (2) et la fin du refoulement étant déterminée par la mise en service de l'alésage d'aspiration et d'écoulement (7), une arête de commande (17) prévue dans la région de la surface frontale du piston déterminant le début du refoulement et au moins une arête de commande (11, 12) prévue sur le corps du piston, notamment en oblique, déterminant la fin du refoulement, caractérisé en ce que parmi les alésages (7, 8) de la chemise (4) du piston plongeur qui coopèrent avec la ou les arêtes de commande (11, 12) déterminant la fin du refoulement, qui débouchent dans la surface de glissement du piston de la chemise du piston plongeur, un alésage (8) au moins est fermé vis-à-vis de l'enceinte d'aspiration et un alésage (7) au moins débouche dans l'enceinte d'aspiration, l'alésage (8) qui est fermé vis-à-vis de l'enceinte d'aspiration (9) étant mis en service par l'arête de commande (12) au moment de la fin du refoulement sensiblement en même temps que la mise en service déterminée par l'arête de commande (11) de l'alésage (7) débouchant dans l'enceinte d'aspiration, et pouvant être mis en liaison avec l'alésage (7) débouchant dans l'enceinte d'aspiration (9) par une conduite de liaison (1, 16) prévue sur le côté, tourné vers la surface frontale (17) du piston, de l'arête de commande (11, 12) déterminant la fin du refoulement.
2. Elément de pompe selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la conduite de la liaison prévue dans le piston plongeur est constituée par un alésage transversal (1) du piston plongeur (2).
3. Elément de pompe selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'arête de commande (11, 12) du piston plongeur (2) qui détermine la fin du refoulement passe en glissant sur l'alésage (8) qui est fermé vis-à-vis de l'enceinte d'aspiration légèrement plus tôt que sur l'alésage débouchant dans l'enceinte d'aspiration.
4. Elément de pompe selon la revendication 1, 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que l'alésage transversal (1) du piston plongeur (2) débouche dans des évidements (16) de la surface du corps du piston, par exemple des découpes.
5. Elément de pompe selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les évidements (16) de surface s'étendent en longeur et sont parallèles à l'arête de commande (11, 12) déterminant, la fin du refoulement.
6. Elément de pompe selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que l'alésage transversal (1) du piston plongeur (2) a un diamètre inférieur à celui de l'alésage d'aspiration et d'écoulement (7) prévu dans la chemise (4) du piston plongeur.
7. Elément de pompe selon la revendication 1 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que l'alésage (8) qui est fermé vis-à-vis de l'enceinte d'aspiration et l'alésage (7) de la chemise (4) du piston plongeur qui débouche dans l'enceinte d'aspiration sont situés sur le même côté du piston plongeur et la conduite de liaison prévue dans le piston est constituée par un évidement en longueur (16) de la surface, par exemple une découpe du corps du piston, sur lequel passent en glissant aussi bien l'alésage (8) fermé vis-à-vis de l'enceinte d'aspiration que l'alésage débouchant dans l'enceinte d'aspiration (7).
8. Elément de pompe selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que l'évidement en longueur (16) de la surface est sensiblement parallèle à l'arête de commande (11, 12) du piston plongeur (2) qui détermine la fin du refoulement.
EP19870890209 1986-09-10 1987-09-10 Partie de pompe à combustible pour moteur à injection Expired - Lifetime EP0263807B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT2439/86 1986-09-10
AT243986A AT399921B (de) 1986-09-10 1986-09-10 Pumpenelement einer brennstoffeinspritzpumpe für einspritzbrennkraftmaschinen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0263807A1 EP0263807A1 (fr) 1988-04-13
EP0263807B1 true EP0263807B1 (fr) 1990-01-10

Family

ID=3534375

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19870890209 Expired - Lifetime EP0263807B1 (fr) 1986-09-10 1987-09-10 Partie de pompe à combustible pour moteur à injection

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP0263807B1 (fr)
AT (1) AT399921B (fr)
DE (1) DE3761392D1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4304084A1 (de) * 1993-02-11 1994-08-25 Orange Gmbh Einspritzpumpenelement mit schrägen Steuerkanten

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4006409A1 (de) * 1990-03-01 1991-09-19 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung fuer einspritzbrennkraftmaschinen
US5887790A (en) * 1996-11-07 1999-03-30 Caterpillar Inc. Unit injector having a cavitation pressure control mechanism
JP5964061B2 (ja) * 2012-01-25 2016-08-03 三菱重工業株式会社 デフレクタ、燃料噴射ポンプ

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB893621A (en) * 1959-06-30 1962-04-11 Ceskoslovenske Zd Y Naftovych Improvements in and relating to fuel injection pumps
DE2422259A1 (de) * 1974-05-08 1975-11-20 Yanmar Diesel Engine Co Kraftstoff-einspritzpumpe fuer brennkraftmaschinen mit innerer gemischbildung
US4222717A (en) * 1978-10-06 1980-09-16 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Fuel injection pump
AT378243B (de) * 1982-03-30 1985-07-10 Friedmann & Maier Ag Einspritzpumpe fuer brennkraftmaschinen

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4304084A1 (de) * 1993-02-11 1994-08-25 Orange Gmbh Einspritzpumpenelement mit schrägen Steuerkanten

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0263807A1 (fr) 1988-04-13
AT399921B (de) 1995-08-25
DE3761392D1 (de) 1990-02-15
ATA243986A (de) 1994-12-15

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