EP0931610B1 - Dispositif et procédé pour alimenter en métal des machines à coulée sous pression à chambre froide horizontales et verticales - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé pour alimenter en métal des machines à coulée sous pression à chambre froide horizontales et verticales Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0931610B1
EP0931610B1 EP99101026A EP99101026A EP0931610B1 EP 0931610 B1 EP0931610 B1 EP 0931610B1 EP 99101026 A EP99101026 A EP 99101026A EP 99101026 A EP99101026 A EP 99101026A EP 0931610 B1 EP0931610 B1 EP 0931610B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
pressure chamber
casting
furnace
melt
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP99101026A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0931610A1 (fr
Inventor
Gustav Ohnsmann
Gerold Bandt
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Ohnsmann Gustav
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
    • B22D17/30—Accessories for supplying molten metal, e.g. in rations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/08—Cold chamber machines, i.e. with unheated press chamber into which molten metal is ladled

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for metal loading horizontal and vertical cold chamber - Die casting machines and methods of the prerequisite in the preamble of claim 1 Art.
  • the well-known cold chamber is used to manufacture die castings with high ductility - Die casting process, because of the air pockets as well as the melt contamination and the Gas absorption, due to the turbulent melt feed into the pressure chamber and the pressure chamber volume can only be filled to approx. 50%, not suitable. Also are heat treatments or coatings above 400 ° C without risk of blistering. Around to eliminate these disadvantages and the ever increasing demand for ductile, heat-treatable To do justice to castings comes the so-called "Vacural - Die Casting Process" increasingly used.
  • the pressure chamber is charged by a Casting mold created vacuum, whereby a immersed in the melt of a stationary holding furnace Riser pipe fills the pressure chamber.
  • the casting material is made available through the holding operation as well as the liquid metal feed of the holding furnaces arranged stationary on the die casting machines represents avoidable waste of resources.
  • DE 196 13 668 C1 Metal supply and supply system in which a furnace functions by changing the cover fulfilled by casting and holding furnace as well as a transport container.
  • the object of the invention is to demonstrate a device and its method in which the entire Casting process takes place in the absence of air. This is achieved: by a vertical or lateral arrangement of the casting furnaces to the pressure chamber, with one on the furnace cover over a housing attached pressure or suction line, the riser pipe in the casting furnace filled with melt - Immerses pressure vessel, with a movable connecting line and its actuating device the hermetic and intermittent connection to the pressure chamber is guaranteed. There is also a gassing piston between the pressure piston and its drive linkage, which forms a hermetic gassing ring channel with its guide bush. By appropriate gas pressure build-up above the melt surface in the casting furnace - pressure vessel or by building up a vacuum over the casting mold, the pressure chamber is filled with casting material.
  • the melt delivery and the return delivery of the non-pourable residual melt takes place directly to and from the smelter.
  • the casting furnace is retrofitted by changing the furnace lid into a liquid metal transport container, which can also be used for liquid metal buffering by heating is used.
  • a free-floating plate into the melt surface.
  • the connecting line is designed with an inclined separation surface so that at the start of the casting process a seal located in the interface and the continuous contact pressure by the Actuator on the connecting line, the linear expansion of the pressure chamber is compensated.
  • Shrinkage of the pressure chamber on the movable connecting line are caused by a adjustable reset pulse from the die casting machine to the actuating device equalized the movable connecting line.
  • the casting metal feed of the pressure chamber can do this by means of an inert gas pressure build-up above the melt surface in the pressure vessel or by creating a vacuum over the mold.
  • the plunger presses the liquid metal into the mold, after the Pressure chamber - metal transfer opening through the retracting pressure piston, for gas pressure metal loading, the pressure above the melt surface in the pressure vessel is reduced and the am Pressurized piston jacket applied liquid metal column under suction of inert gas or by means of a corresponding inert gas pressure from the opening of the gassing flask is lowered into the pressure vessel.
  • the metal is provided directly from Transport container delivered to the smelter, the liquid metal passing through in the transport container Heating can be buffered or immediately cast by changing the furnace lid. To minimize the metal movement, is in the delivery as well as in the residual quantity return of and a submerged free-floating plate to the smelting unit on the melt surface intended.
  • the device designed according to the invention for feeding metal horizontally and vertically Die casting machines and their processes enable casting production with the exclusion of chemical ones Reactions and a gas absorption of the melt to be cast.
  • the ductility significantly increased oxide bonds as well as those caused by oxides high abrasive wear excludes the service life of the pressure chamber, pressure piston as well the mold are increased, the casting scrap is reduced and minimizing production interruptions and repair expenses.
  • the buffering of liquid metal in the transport containers, the delivery of liquid metal and the return of non-pourable liquid metal from and to the smelter, a holding operation as well as the metal supply of the Casting furnaces are no longer required on the die casting machines. This results in high savings regarding investment, personnel and repair costs.
  • FIG.1 and Fig.2 Schematically in Fig.1 and Fig.2 shown horizontally - and vertical cold chamber - die casting machine 1,1a and 2,2a shows a mold 3,4, a 5,6 casting to be manufactured, the pressure chamber 8, the pressure chamber flange 9, the plunger 10, the gas injection piston 11 with the guide bush 12, the pressure - and suction line 16,28 to the movable connection pipe 46, the actuator 45, the G manefen 55, and immersed in the melt 62 of the pressure vessel 58 kiln riser pipe 59.
  • the pressure or suction line 16 and the casting furnace 55 are arranged vertically below the pressure chamber 8 and the die casting machine 1, 1 a.
  • the pressure die casting machine 2,2a is - or suction line 28 obliquely runs and installs the casting furnace 55 laterally of the pressure chamber 8 of the die casting machine 2,2a to the pressure chamber.
  • the recesses in the fixed machine plates 1, 2 in the horizontal and vertical die casting machine 1, 1, 2, 2 guarantee the use of the previous pressure chamber dimensions.
  • the variable executable in the spatial dimensions steel case 18,36 the pressure - g.Saug effet 16.28 is hereby all dimensional requirements of the casting machines - meet sizes and their different pressure chamber positions.
  • the casting furnace 55 can be used on any cold chamber die casting machine.
  • the pressure or suction line 16 is formed via a furnace riser 59 and a movable connecting line 46 .
  • the centering and guiding of the movable connecting line 46 takes place here through the inner jacket of the furnace riser 59 '.
  • the pressure or suction line 16 is locked and positioned via the steel housing 17 and the actuating device 45 .
  • the steel housing 17 fastened vertically on the furnace cover 56 is formed by a spacer housing 18, a coupling 19, a sleeve 22, a bearing ring 23 and a bearing shell 24 .
  • the position of the steel housing 17 is locked and fixed in place by a central collar 18a on the bottom surface of the spacer housing 18 and a recess 56a on the furnace cover 56.
  • the sleeve 22 inserted into the cavity 18 ' of the spacer housing 18 is connected to the furnace cover opening 56 by a shoulder 22a ' positioned.
  • Coupling 19 is centered and screwed to spacer housing 18 by a shoulder 20b in the bottom surface of clutch housing 20 and cover plate shoulder 21a .
  • the furnace riser pipe 59 is fixed here via the openings in the furnace cover lining 57 ', the sleeve 22' and the bearing ring 23 ' .
  • the shoulder 23b in the upper cover surface of the bearing ring 23 receives the furnace riser collar 59a .
  • the furnace riser 59, the bearing shell 24 and the bearing ring 23 are locked via the bottom cover surface of the bearing shell 24 and the pressure acting on the collar 24a of the bearing shell 24 through the clutch cover plate 21 .
  • the bearing shell 24 has on the upper end face a through opening 24 ', the offset from the collar 24a merging into a smaller aperture 24 ". In this case takes the large bearing shell opening 24' to the insulation jacket 47 of the connecting pipe 46 and, through the remaining free space the Movement of the connecting line 46 without interrupting its continuous heat insulation
  • the time-controllable actuating device 45 of the connecting line 46 is connected and centered with the cover plate surface 21b of the coupling 19.
  • the connecting line 46 is connected to the actuating device 45 by means of a claw 49.
  • the sleeve 22 , the bearing ring 23, the bearing shell 24 and the shell 47 of the connection pipe 46 made of ceramic or fiber-ceramic materials. Thus, the heat-conducting parts are optimally protected against heat loss.
  • the pressure chamber flange 9 inserted in the pressure chamber 8 via a shoulder 8a forms with de r mouth surface 46a of the connecting line 46 with the interposition of a seal 48 from an oblique, hermetic and intermittent connection.
  • the pressure chamber flange 9 ' , the seal 48', the connecting line 46 ' and the spacer tube 37', the plug-in bearing 29 ' see FIG.
  • the melt is between the pressure piston 10 and its drive rod 13
  • a gas injection piston 11 is arranged with a guide sleeve 12 in this case, the connected to the pressure piston 10 gas injection piston 11 forms with the guide bush 12 by a shoulder 11a at the gas injection piston 11 has a hermetic Begasungsringkanal. 11 'in. in this case, the guide bush 12 is centrally connected to the end face 8b with the pressure chamber 8. via the channels 11' and 13 'is the Begasungsringkanal 11' connected to an inert gas source through the drive linkage 13.
  • the pressure or suction line 28 is designed obliquely to the pressure chamber 8 due to the vertical pressure chamber 8 and the required metal lowering.
  • the pressure or suction line 28 is formed by an oven riser pipe 59 , a plug-in bearing 29 , a spacer pipe 37 and a movable connecting line 46 .
  • the pressure or suction line 28 is locked in its position by a coupling 30 fastened and centered on the furnace cover 60 , a coupling 39 positioned on the steel housing 36 , the actuating device 45 fastened on the coupling cover plate 41 and the steel housing 36 screwed onto the furnace cover 60 and fixed.
  • the clutch 30 is formed by a housing 31, a cover plate 32, a disk 33, a bearing ring 34 and a bearing sleeve 35 .
  • the coupling housing 31 is screwed and centered with the furnace cover 60 via a shoulder 60a and the collar 31a .
  • the furnace cover opening 60 ' and the housing opening 31' receive the disk 33 .
  • the cavity of the clutch housing 31 is formed by the bearing ring 34 and the bearing sleeve 35 .
  • the furnace riser collar 59a receives the bearing ring 34 and the plug-in bearing collar 29a the bearing sleeve 35 .
  • the cover plate 32 which is centered and connected to the coupling housing 31 via a shoulder 32a, locks the bearing sleeve 35, the bearing ring 34, the plug-in bearing 29 and the furnace riser pipe 59 through a shoulder 35a .
  • the openings 57 ', 33', 34 ' and 35' are centered with respect to one another.
  • the disc 33, the bearing ring 34 and the bearing sleeve 35 are made of ceramic or fiber-ceramic materials .
  • the recessed opening 29 " in the plug-in bearing 29 which is made in the inclined position of the spacer tube 37 , receives the correspondingly spaced-apart spacer tube 37 flexible seal 38 compensates for the thermal changes in length of the spacer tube 37.
  • the coupling 39 fastened on the end face to the steel housing 36 in the inclined position of the spacer tube 37 is formed by a housing 40, a cover plate 41, a bearing ring 23 and a bearing shell 24.
  • the housing 40 here forms one in the steel housing 36 inwardly projecting collar 40a and a collar 40b projecting outwardly on the end face of the steel housing 36.
  • Cover plate 41 and housing 40 are screwed and centered to steel housing 36 via opening 36a via a shoulder 41a Oven cover 60 fastened and fixed e steel housing 36 protects and insulates the plug-in bearing 29 and the spacer tube 37 from damage and greater heat losses.
  • the cavity of the steel housing 36 is formed by the coupling 30, the plug-in bearing 29, the spacer tube 37 and the coupling 39 projecting into the housing cavity.
  • the remaining cavity of the steel housing 36 is lined or filled with ceramic or fiber-ceramic materials 42 .
  • the transport container 65 shown in FIG. 5 has a free-floating plate 66 immersed in the melt surface, the depth of immersion in the melt 62 being determined via the melt buoyancy and the plate weight.
  • the plate 66 consisting of metallic materials is designed with a ceramic or fiber-ceramic sheath 66a .
  • the dash-dotted representation shows the non-castable residual melt 62a with the plate 66 immersed in the melt. It should also be pointed out that structural details can be designed quite differently from the exemplary embodiment shown, without leaving the content of the claims.
  • the device for metal loading of horizontal and vertical cold chamber die casting machines works as follows:
  • the connecting line 46 is hermetically pressed with the opening surface 46a by means of an actuating device 45, under a continuous pressure, to the metal transition surface of the pressure chamber flange 9
  • Control of the die casting machine is done by feeding the pressure into the pressure chamber 8 ' by building up an inert gas pressure over the melt surface 61 in the pressure vessel 58 or by creating a vacuum 7 via the casting mold 3, 4.
  • the liquid metal is' 46 ',' 9 ', supported 62 at the horizontal die casting machine 1,1a via the openings 59 48 8 "in the pressure chamber 8' of the pressure chamber.
  • the thermal change in length of the pressure chamber 8 at the start of the casting process is hermetically compensated for by the inclined separating surface of the connecting line 46 and the pressure chamber flange 9 with the interposition of a seal 48 and the pressure continuously acting on the connecting line 46 via the actuating device 45 .
  • the connecting line 46 is reset from the pressure chamber flange transition surface by an adjustable, time-controlled pulse from the die casting machine 1, 1, 2, 2 a to the actuating device 45 ,
  • the casting metal is provided and buffered via heatable transport containers 65 supplied by the smelter , which can be inserted directly into the metal loading position of the horizontal and vertical cold chamber die casting machines 1.1a, 2.2a by changing the furnace lid .
  • the non-pourable residual melt 62a in the casting furnace 55 is returned to the melting plant as a transport container 65 by changing the furnace lid.
  • a free-floating plate 66 which is immersed in the melt surface, is provided for the delivery of the liquid metal and the return of the remaining quantities to and from the smelter, in order to minimize the movement of the melt bath during transport.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Dispositif pour alimenter en métal des machines à coulée sous pression à chambre froide horizontales et verticales (1, 1a, 2, 2a), se composant:
    a) d'une chambre de pression (8) avec un piston de compression (10) et avec une ouverture de transfert de métal (8"), un four de coulée (55) remplaçable disposé sous la chambre de pression (8) ou à côté de celle-ci, avec un réservoir sous pression (58),
    b) d'un couvercle de four (56, 60) avec une conduite de pression ou d'aspiration (16, 28) fixée sur celui-ci, laquelle forme une liaison avec le tube montant du four (59) plongeant dans la matière en fusion (62) du four de coulée (55) ainsi qu'avec la bride (9) de la chambre de pression,
    c) la conduite de pression ou d'aspiration (16, 28) s'étendant à l'intérieur d'un carter en acier (17, 36) perpendiculairement ou en biais par rapport à la bride (9) de la chambre de pression et réalisant avec celle-ci une connexion hermétiquement étanche et mobile,
    caractérisé en ce que
    d) l'ouverture de transfert de métal (8") est fermée par le piston de compression (10) entrant,
    e) en ce qu'entre le piston de compression (10) et sa tige d'entraínement (13), un piston de gazage (11) alimenté en gaz inerte est prévu à l'intérieur de la douille de guidage (12) du piston de compression (10) de telle sorte qu'à la fermeture de l'ouverture de transfert de métal (8") lors de l'alimentation en métal sous pression gazeuse, la pression de gaz diminue sur la surface de la matière en fusion (61).
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la conduite de pression ou d'aspiration verticale (16) est réalisée par le biais d'un carter en acier (17), par un tube montant du four (59) et une conduite de connexion mobile (46).
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la conduite de pression ou d'aspiration verticale (16) est bloquée et positionnée par le biais d'un carter d'espacement (18), d'un raccord (19), d'un manchon (22), d'un anneau de palier (23), d'une coque de palier (24) ainsi que d'un dispositif d'actionnement (45).
  4. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la conduite de pression ou d'aspiration oblique (28) est réalisée par le biais d'un carter en acier (36), par un tube montant du four (59), un palier fermé (29), un joint (38), un tube d'espacement (37) ainsi qu'une conduite de connexion mobile (46).
  5. Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la conduite de pression ou d'aspiration oblique (28) est bloquée et positionnée par le biais d'un carter en acier (36), d'un raccord (30, 39), d'un disque (33), d'un anneau de palier (34, 23), d'un manchon de palier (35), d'une coque de palier (24) ainsi que d'un dispositif d'actionnement (45).
  6. Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les variations de longueur thermiques du tube d'espacement (37) sont compensées par un joint flexible (38) dans le palier fermé (29").
  7. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la bride (9) de la chambre de pression réalise avec la surface d'embouchure (46a) de la conduite de connexion mobile (46) un biseau.
  8. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que la bride (9) de la chambre de pression se compose de matériaux en céramique.
  9. Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que lors d'une dilatation thermique longitudinale de la chambre de pression (8), la fermeture hermétique de la conduite de connexion (46) par rapport à la bride (9) de la chambre de pression est assurée par un joint flexible (48) ainsi que par la pression de compression constante par le dispositif d'actionnement (45) sur la conduite de connexion (46).
  10. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 9, caractérisé en ce qu'on associe à la bride (9) de la chambre de pression, lors de l'augmentation de forces de retrait longitudinales de la chambre de pression (8) - à la fin de l'opération ou lors d'une interruption du processus de coulée - une impulsion de rappel ajustable, commandée en fonction du temps, de la machine de coulée sous pression (1, 1a, 2, 2a) vers le dispositif d'actionnement (45) de la conduite de connexion mobile (46).
  11. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 5, caractétisé en ce que l'habillage (42) du carter en acier, le manchon (22), l'anneau de palier (23, 34), la coque de palier (24), le disque (33), le manchon de palier (35) ainsi que l'habillage (47) de la conduite de connexion mobile (46) se composent de matériaux en céramique ou en céramique renforcée par des fibres.
  12. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le piston de gazage (11) réalise, conjointement avec le piston de compression (10) et une douille de guidage (12) connectée à la chambre de pression (8), un conduit annulaire de gazage hermétique (11').
  13. Procédé pour faire fonctionner un dispositif selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 12, dans lequel
    après la compression de la surface d'embouchure (46a) de la conduite de connexion mobile (46) contre la surface de transfert de la bride de la chambre de pression (48'), le refoulement du matériau de coulée (62) s'effectue par augmentation d'une pression de gaz à la surface de la matière en fusion (61) dans le four de coulée (55) ou par création d'un vide (7) dans la chambre de pression (8') par le biais du moule de coulée (5, 6),
    le remplissage du moule de coulée s'effectue par le piston de compression (10) entrant dans la chambre de pression (8'), la pression de gaz à la surface de la matière en fusion (61) diminuant avec la fermeture de l'ouverture d transfert de métal (8") - dans le cas de l'alimentation en métal sous pression gazeuse - et la descente de la matière en fusion résiduelle dans le four de coulée (55) ayant lieu,
    la matière en fusion adhérant à la surface périphérique du piston de compression (10a) étant descendue dans le four de coulée (55) par le gazage au moyen d'un gaz inerte se trouvant à la pression atmosphérique ou à une pression élevée,
    et après un nouveau remplissage de la chambre de pression (8') avec une pression de gaz, l'air se trouvant dans la chambre de pression (8') et le moule de coulée (5, 6) étant refoulé par le gaz inerte se trouvant dans la conduite de pression ou d'aspiration (16, 28) ainsi que dans le tube montant (59).
EP99101026A 1998-01-22 1999-01-21 Dispositif et procédé pour alimenter en métal des machines à coulée sous pression à chambre froide horizontales et verticales Expired - Lifetime EP0931610B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19802342A DE19802342C1 (de) 1998-01-22 1998-01-22 Einrichtung zur Metallbeschickung waage- und senkrechter Kaltkammer - Druckgießmaschinen und Verfahren
DE19802342 1998-01-22

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0931610A1 EP0931610A1 (fr) 1999-07-28
EP0931610B1 true EP0931610B1 (fr) 2003-06-25

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US (1) US6318444B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP0931610B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19802342C1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2201575T3 (fr)

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DE10006814B4 (de) * 2000-02-15 2007-09-06 Bühler Druckguss AG Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Befüllen einer Giesskammer
EP1410861A1 (fr) * 2002-10-10 2004-04-21 Gustav Ohnsmann Récipient contenant du métal liquide
DE102004008157A1 (de) * 2004-02-12 2005-09-01 Klein, Friedrich, Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Gießmaschine zur Herstellung von Gussteilen
CN102513517B (zh) * 2011-12-23 2013-12-11 华南理工大学 一种分段可拆式间接挤压铸造合金熔体的输料管道
AT521709A1 (de) * 2018-10-05 2020-04-15 Lkr Leichtmetallkompetenzzentrum Ranshofen Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Zudosieren von Metallschmelze in eine Druckgusseinheit

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DE3409995C1 (de) * 1984-03-19 1985-03-14 Norsk Hydro Magnesiumgesellschaft mbH, 4300 Essen Steigrohr, insbesondere für eine Niederdruck-Gießvorrichtung
FR2605913A1 (fr) * 1986-10-31 1988-05-06 Pechiney Aluminium Procede de moulage sous pression de pieces metalliques contenant eventuellement des fibres en ceramiques
FR2642686B1 (fr) * 1989-01-16 1991-05-17 Creusot Loire Dispositif et procede d'alimentation en metal liquide pour la coulee sous pression de produits metalliques
US5076344A (en) * 1989-03-07 1991-12-31 Aluminum Company Of America Die-casting process and equipment
US4989663A (en) * 1989-04-14 1991-02-05 Toshiba Kikai Kabushiki Kaisha Casting apparatus
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JPH06106330A (ja) * 1992-09-28 1994-04-19 Nissan Motor Co Ltd ダイカスト鋳造装置
US5429174A (en) * 1993-07-15 1995-07-04 Aluminum Company Of America Vacuum die casting machine having improved siphon tube and associated method
JPH08150459A (ja) * 1994-11-24 1996-06-11 Kobe Steel Ltd 高圧鋳造装置
DE19613668C1 (de) * 1996-04-04 1997-05-28 Gustav Ohnsmann Gießanlage und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Gußstücken

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EP0931610A1 (fr) 1999-07-28
DE59906050D1 (de) 2003-07-31
DE19802342C1 (de) 1999-03-04
US6318444B1 (en) 2001-11-20
ES2201575T3 (es) 2004-03-16

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