EP0924797A1 - Antenne multifréquence réalisée selon la technique des microrubans, et dispositif incluant cette antenne - Google Patents
Antenne multifréquence réalisée selon la technique des microrubans, et dispositif incluant cette antenne Download PDFInfo
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- EP0924797A1 EP0924797A1 EP98403063A EP98403063A EP0924797A1 EP 0924797 A1 EP0924797 A1 EP 0924797A1 EP 98403063 A EP98403063 A EP 98403063A EP 98403063 A EP98403063 A EP 98403063A EP 0924797 A1 EP0924797 A1 EP 0924797A1
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- antenna
- patch
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- zone
- zones
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
- H01Q9/0421—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with a shorting wall or a shorting pin at one end of the element
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
- H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
- H01Q5/342—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes
- H01Q5/357—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes using a single feed point
- H01Q5/364—Creating multiple current paths
- H01Q5/371—Branching current paths
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
- H01Q9/045—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means
Definitions
- the present invention relates to antennas produced according to the microstrip technique.
- Such an antenna includes a patch which is typically formed by etching a metal layer. She is called in English by specialists "microstrip patch antenna” for “antenna to microstrip type pellet ".
- the presentation will be sometimes limited below for the purpose of simplification to the sole case of an antenna transmitter connected to a transmitter. But it must be understood that the provisions described could also apply in the case of receiving antennas connected to a receiver. For the same purpose it will be accepted that the substrate has the form of a horizontal sheet.
- a first type can be called "half-wave”.
- the antenna is then called “half-wave” or "electric”.
- This length is substantially equal to half of the wavelength of an electromagnetic wave propagating in this direction in the line formed by the mass, the substrate and the pellet.
- the coupling with the radiated waves is done at the ends of this length, these extremities being located in regions where the amplitude of the electric field prevailing in the substrate is maximum.
- a second type of resonant structure that can be produced according to this same technique can be called “quarter wave”.
- the antenna is then called “quarter wave” or “magnetic". It differs from a half-wave antenna by part by the fact that its pellet has a length substantially equal to a quarter of the wavelength, this length of the patch and this wavelength being defined as above, on the other hand by the fact that a significant short circuit is made at one end of this length between the mass and the patch of so as to impose a quarter wave type resonance including a node of electric field is fixed by this short circuit. Coupling with waves radiated is done at the other end of this length, this other end being located in the region where the amplitude of the electric field across the substrate is maximum.
- the coupling of such an antenna to a signal processing device as a transmitter is typically done not only through a coupling device included in this antenna, but also a line of external connection to this antenna and connecting the coupling device to the signal processor. If we consider a functional chain including the signal processor, the connection line, the coupling device and the resonant structure, the coupling and the connection line are made so that this chain has a uniform impedance over its entire length, which avoids parasitic reflections opposing good coupling.
- connection line is to carry a radio frequency or microwave signal from the transmitter to the antenna terminals. Throughout such a line the signal is propagates in the form of a traveling wave without undergoing, at least in principle, significant modification of its characteristics.
- the function of coupling device is to transform the signal supplied by the line of connection so that this signal excites a resonance of the antenna, this is to say that the energy of the traveling wave carrying this signal is transferred to a standing wave established in the antenna with defined characteristics by the latter.
- the antenna it transfers the energy of this wave stationary at a wave radiated in space.
- the signal provided by the transmitter thus undergoes a first transformation to pass from the shape of a wave progressive to that of a standing wave, then a second transformation which gives it the shape of a radiated wave.
- a first transformation to pass from the shape of a wave progressive to that of a standing wave
- a second transformation which gives it the shape of a radiated wave.
- an antenna receiving the signal takes the same forms in the same organs but the transformations are done in reverse order and direction.
- connection lines can be made according to a technique other than planar, for example in the form of coaxial lines.
- Antennas produced using planar techniques are included in various types of devices. These devices include portable radiotelephones, base stations for the latter, automobiles and airplanes or air missiles.
- portable radio the continuous nature of the lower mass layer of this antenna makes it possible to easily limit the radiation power intercepted by the body of the user of the device.
- the antenna can be shaped to this profile so as not to show additional aerodynamic drag annoying.
- the area in the middle of the candlestick has a field node electric fixed by a series of short circuits to the ground plane, this series short circuits being arranged along the axis of symmetry of this zone.
- the conductive areas are separated from each other by slots of relatively large width (0.7 cm for a wavelength of 3.3 cm), this which makes it possible to make an antenna of smaller size than that of the antennas known, for a given wavelength.
- this antenna cannot not operate properly on multiple frequencies, for example in a multiband radiotelephone.
- a first known antenna is described in the document of US-A-4,766,440 (Gegan).
- the patch 10 of this antenna has a U-shaped curved slot which is continuous and entirely internal to this pastille.
- This slit is radiative and shows a mode of resonance additional antenna. It also allows, by a suitable choice of its shape and its dimensions, to bring the frequencies of the modes of resonance with desired values which gives the possibility of associating two cross linear polarization modes for emitting a polarization wave circular.
- the supply line ends with a coupling device which is a line produced using the microstrip technique as specified above but which is also said to be coplanar, this because the microstrip extends in the plane of the patch and enters between two notches of the latter.
- This device is provided with transformation means impedance to adapt it to the different input impedances respectively presented by the line at the different resonance frequencies used as operating frequencies.
- a third known antenna is described in the document of US-A-4,771,291 (LO et al). Its patch has slots extending along respective line segments inside the patch. These slots reduce the difference between the two operating frequencies. Occasional short circuits also reduce this difference. They are formed by conductors passing through the substrate.
- FIG. 1 represents a perspective view of a device for communication including a first antenna produced according to this invention.
- Figure 2 shows a top view of the antenna of the figure 1.
- FIG. 3 represents a front view of this same antenna.
- Figure 4 shows a diagram of the variation of a reflection coefficient in decibels at the input of this same antenna in function of the frequency expressed in MHz.
- Figure 5 shows a top view of a second antenna made according to this invention.
- the antenna further includes a coupling device having more particularly the shape of a coupling line.
- This device includes on the one hand, a main conductor made up of two sections C1 and C3 and connected to the patch 6 at an internal connection point 18. It comprises on the other hand an equally composite ground conductor which cooperates with this main conductor and which will be described later. It constitutes all or part of a connection assembly which connects the resonant structure of the antenna to a signal processor 8, for example to drive one or more resonances of the antenna from this organ in case it is a transmitting antenna.
- the connection set typically includes a connecting line such as C4, C5, which is external to the antenna and which comprises two conductors.
- this line On the antenna side, these two conductors are connected respectively with two connecting conductors which belong to the device coupling and which can be considered as constituting two terminals of the antenna. At the other end of this line, the two conductors of this last are connected respectively to two terminals of the processing unit signal.
- This line can in particular be of the coaxial type, of the type to microstrip or coplanar type. In case the antenna considered constitutes a receiving antenna, this same assembly transmits the received signals through this antenna to the signal processor.
- the various elements of this together have the respective functions previously defined.
- the signal processor is able to operate at those resonant frequencies which constitute said frequencies of antenna operation. It can be composite and then include a element permanently tuned into each of these frequencies of operation. It can also include a tunable element.
- the present invention also relates to a device for communication including an antenna according to this invention and a said communication device signal processing connected to this antenna by a so-called set of connection.
- the antenna given in example is a dual-frequency antenna, it is to say that it must be able to give rise to at least two resonances so to operate in two modes corresponding to two frequencies of operation.
- a slot is formed in the patch 6 and leads forward outside the latter. It constitutes a slit longitudinal divider F1.
- the longitudinal extent occupied by this slot defines in this patch a region before Z2, Z1, Z12, the slot itself separating in this region a primary zone Z1 from a secondary zone Z2.
- a rear region ZA extends between this front region and the rear edge 10. De preferably this rear region is shorter and preferably still much shorter in the longitudinal direction DL than this region before.
- the internal connection point 18 is outside the area secondary and it is preferably located in the primary zone Z1.
- a said mode of operation then constitutes a primary mode in which a wave stationary is established thanks to a propagation of progressive waves in the two directions of this longitudinal direction or of a direction close to this last, these waves propagating in an area including this primary zone and this rear region, substantially excluding the secondary zone Z2.
- Another operating mode constitutes a secondary mode in which a wave stationary is established thanks to a propagation of progressive waves in the two same directions, these waves propagating in another area including the primary and secondary areas and the rear region.
- the rear region ZA has a first function which is to couple the secondary zone to the primary zone to allow the establishment of the secondary mode. She has a second function which is to allow the short circuit present on the rear edge of play its role in each of these two areas.
- the antenna is then, at least approximately, for each operating frequency, of the quarter type wave.
- the configurations of the pad and the coupling device and more particularly the longitudinal position of the internal connection point 18 are chosen so as to show a desired value predetermined impedance presented by the antenna for the signal processing or more typically for a connection line connecting this body to this device.
- This impedance will be called below antenna impedance.
- input impedance In the case of a transmitting antenna it is usually called input impedance.
- desired value is advantageously equal to the impedance of the connection line. It is why, preferably, the position of the connection point gives the antenna impedance substantially the same value for the various operating frequencies.
- the operating frequencies have predetermined desired values. These values can be advantageously obtained by a suitable choice of dimensions respective longitudinal zones primary Z1 and secondary Z2. It is why, in the context of the present invention, these two dimensions are typically different. As a result, the front edge of the patch deviates then necessarily of a transverse straight line.
- the configuration of the pad 6 preferably further forms a slot extending in the direction transverse DT.
- This slot constitutes a transverse separating slot F2 partially separating this primary zone from the rear region ZA. Of preferably it connects to the rear end of the separating slot longitudinal F1.
- the configuration of the patch 6 advantageously still forms at least one slot F3 extending in the primary zone Z1 in the direction longitudinal DL.
- this slot extends forward from the transverse separating slot F2. It can be called a lowering slot. frequency because its role is to lower the operating frequencies in an increasing measure with its length. It not only allows limit the length of the pad necessary to obtain desired values operating frequencies, but also to adjust these frequencies thanks to a suitable adjustment of the length of this slot.
- the antenna has a plane of symmetry extending in the longitudinal DL and vertical DV directions, the trace of this plane in the upper surface of the substrate constituting an axis of symmetry A for the pellet 6.
- the number included in the reference signs of the one who is right in the figures is equal to the corresponding number of that of left increased by 10.
- the coupling device and the primary zone Z1 extend in the vicinity of axis A and the configuration of the patch forms two said longitudinal separating slots F1, F11 on either side of this zone primary.
- the secondary zone then comprises two parts Z2, Z12 located respectively beyond these two slots.
- all of the separating slots F1, F2, F11, F12 has the shape of a U.
- the branches and the base of this U are longitudinal and transverse respectively.
- This base has an interval axial 20 extending on either side of the axis to connect the primary zone Z1 to short circuit C2, C12 via an axial part of the region rear ZA.
- the coupling line which constitutes the antenna coupling device comprises a conductor belonging to the upper conductive layer. More precisely a section C1 of said main conductor enters in the longitudinal direction DL into the area of the patch 6. It extends between a rear end close to the edge rear 10 and a front end constituting the internal connection point 18.
- This section of main conductor is in the form of a ribbon and can be called horizontal coupling tape.
- this ribbon is laterally limited by two notches. But, in the antenna of this invention, these two notches are sufficiently narrow in the direction DT and long enough in DL direction to be able to be respectively considered as two longitudinal slots F4 and F14. These two slots separate this ribbon from the patch 6 and will be called hereinafter slots coupling.
- this coupling tape constitutes the main conductor can advantageously be determined by conceiving this line as a line coplanar able to excite the antenna in a distributed way along the length of this line rather than as a microstrip type line intended for excite the antenna only at the end of this line, the ground conductor of this coplanar line then being mainly constituted in the manner of a coplanar line by the parts of the patch located laterally on the side and other of this ribbon beyond the two slots F4 and F14 and not by the mass of the antenna as in a microstrip line.
- This line will be called below horizontal coplanar line.
- the antenna would allow the antenna to be coupled via a signal electromagnetic applied or collected by the external connection line to the rear end of this horizontal coplanar line between two terminals common to this horizontal coplanar line and to the antenna, these two terminals being respectively constituted by this ground conductor of this line and the back end of this ribbon.
- the connection between the coupling and this external line through such conductors located in the pellet plan would complicate the manufacture of these devices.
- the horizontal coplanar line in question extends along the axis A. It passes in the axial interval 20 of the base of the U, this interval being delimited by the two coupling slots F4 and F14.
- the position of the front end 18 of its conductor principal is determined to give a desired value to the impedance of the antenna. But this impedance also depends on other parameters such as widths of C1 coupling tape and coupling slots, as well as nature of the substrate.
- said short circuit is a composite short-circuit comprising two short-circuit conductors C2 and C12. These two conductors extend in the vertical direction DV leaving between them a free interval. Each of them connects the ground 4 of the antenna to tablet 6.
- connection conductors are formed on the wafer surface S3 facilitates substantially the creation of a connection between on the one hand the coupling belonging to the antenna formed on the surface of the device and other hand, a connection line connecting this device to a processing unit signal. If this organ is located inside this device, this line can take the form of a coaxial line which, in the vicinity of the antenna, is perpendicular to the plane thereof. In other cases this provision of connection conductors facilitate the connection of the antenna to conductors carried by a motherboard on one side of which the substrate of the antenna has been previously fixed, the connection line then being typically, at least in the vicinity of the antenna, parallel to the direction longitudinal of it.
- connection conductors of connection capable of forming antenna terminals on the wafer surface of the substrate only complicates the fabrication of the antenna negligible.
- realization of short-circuit conductors is necessary for the manufactured antenna to be of the quarter wave type. Else apart the first connection conductor can be realized by a process at least analogous to that of making the short-circuit conductors and, in most cases, during the same manufacturing step.
- connection conductors occupy only a fraction of the rear edge 10.
- the antenna given as an example it is essentially the same fraction as that of the primary zone Z1.
- the widths of the coupling tapes and slots such that the coupling slots located on either side of these ribbons are chosen so as to give a uniform and suitable impedance, which is typically 50 ohms, to the coupling line formed by the lines vertical and horizontal coplanar.
- the impedance of the antenna is also adjusted by the choice of the position of the internal connection point 18.
- the line of external connection to the antenna is a coaxial line. It includes a axial conductor C4. At a first end of the line this axial conductor is connected to conductor C3. At the other end of the line it is connected to a first terminal of the signal processing member 8. Over the length of the line is surrounded by a conductive sheath C5. At the first end of the line this sheath is connected to both the two short-circuit conductors C2 and C12. At the other end of the line it is connected to the other terminal of the signal processing member 8 which is constituted for example by a transmitter 8.
- the second antenna given as an example of implementation of the present invention is shown in Figure 5 and is generally analogous to the first antenna previously described.
- an element of this second antenna has the same functions as an element of this first antenna, it is designated by the same letters and / or reference numbers, except that the numbers formed by these numbers are increased by one hundred, the area primary Z101 of this second antenna being for example analogous to the primary zone Z1 of the first antenna.
- This second antenna differs from the first antenna on the following points:
- the patch 106 then further comprises two mutually symmetrical tertiary areas.
- a first shaped F101 slot of U partially separates the primary zone Z101 from the two secondary zones Z102 and Z112. It is included in a second F105 slot similarly shape similarly separating the secondary zones from the tertiary zones Z103 and Z113.
- the short circuit is constituted by a single conductor C102 extending over the entire width of the patch 106 and the coupling between the primary, secondary and tertiary areas is carried out in the rear region ZA thanks to the axial interval 120.
- the antenna is coupled from of a vertical coaxial line.
- a terminal section of the C104 axial conductor of this line crosses the substrate 102 and is welded to the pad 106 in the primary zone Z101. It thus constitutes the antenna coupling device.
- the conductive sheath C105 of this line is soldered to ground not shown of the antenna, this mass consisting of a continuous conductive layer not shown covering the lower surface of the substrate 102.
- the part of this coaxial line extending below the antenna constitutes the line of connection thereof.
- the number of frequencies of operation of an antenna produced according to the present invention can be greater than three, the patch of such an antenna then comprising, for example, in the case of four frequencies, a primary zone, two secondary zones, two tertiary zones and two quaternary zones.
- the configurations of the pad and the short circuit do not are not necessarily symmetrical.
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Abstract
Description
- celle des lignes triplaques qui est généralement connue sous l'appellation anglaise "stripline" et dans laquelle un ruban est compris entre la couche de masse inférieure et une couche de masse supérieure, cette dernière devant dans le cas d'une antenne présenter une fente pour permettre un couplage avec des ondes rayonnées ,
- celle des lignes à fente dans laquelle le champ électrique s'établit entre deux parties d'une couche conductrice formée sur la surface supérieure du substrat et séparées l'une de l'autre par une fente, cette dernière devant, dans le cas d'une antenne, déboucher typiquement sur un évidement plus large facilitant un couplage avec des ondes rayonnées, par exemple en formant une structure résonante, et
- celle des lignes coplanaires dans laquelle le champ électrique s'établit sur la surface supérieure du substrat et d'une manière symétrique entre d'une part un ruban conducteur central et d'autre part deux plages conductrices situées de part et d'autre de ce ruban dont elles sont respectivement séparées par deux fentes. Dans le cas d'une antenne, ce ruban se raccorde typiquement à une pastille plus large pour former une structure résonante permettant un couplage avec les ondes rayonnées.
- de la configuration des pastilles, ces dernières pouvant notamment présenter des fentes, éventuellement radiatives,
- de l'éventuelle présence et de la localisation de courts-circuits ainsi que des modèles électriques représentatifs de ces courts-circuits, ces derniers n'étant pas toujours assimilables, même approximativement, à des courts-circuits parfaits dont les impédances seraient nulles,
- et des dispositifs de couplage qui ont été inclus dans ces antennes pour permettre de coupler leurs structures résonantes à un organe de traitement de signal tel qu'un émetteur, ainsi que de la localisation de ces dispositifs.
- un substrat diélectrique plan ;
- un conducteur constituant un plan de masse, sur la surface inférieure de ce substrat ;
- trois zones conductrices s'étendant sur la surface supérieure du substrat et ayant chacune une forme allongées donnant à l'antenne une forme de double C ou chandelier à trois branches.
- un dispositif de couplage d'antenne commun à toutes les zones conductrices.
- elle doit être multifréquence c'est à dire qu'elle doit pouvoir émettre et/ou recevoir efficacement sur plusieurs fréquences de fonctionnement,
- elle doit pouvoir être raccordée à un organe de traitement de signal à l'aide d'une seule ligne de raccordement pour l'ensemble des fréquences de fonctionnement,
- et il ne doit pas être nécessaire pour cela d'utiliser un multiplexeur ou démultiplexeur en fréquence.
- L'antenne étant du type demi-onde, sa dimension longitudinale peut être gênante dans le cas où une miniaturisation est souhaitable.
- La nécessité de prévoir des moyens de transformation d'impédance complique la réalisation.
- L'ajustement précis des fréquences de résonance à des valeurs souhaitées est difficile à réaliser.
- L'inconvénient ci-dessus lié au type demi-onde.
- Les polarisations des ondes émises aux deux fréquences de résonance de l'antenne sont nécessairement croisées, ce qui peut compliquer la réalisation de certains systèmes de télécommunication utilisant cette antenne.
- L'inconvénient ci-dessus lié au type demi-onde.
- L'incorporation des courts-circuits ponctuels complique la réalisation de l'antenne.
- Il en est de même de l'alimentation de l'antenne par une ligne coaxiale.
- limiter les dimensions d'une antenne multifréquence,
- permettre un ajustement facile et précis des fréquences de fonctionnement de cette antenne, et
- permettre d'utiliser un dispositif de couplage unique et facilement adaptable en impédance pour plusieurs fréquences de travail.
- un substrat diélectrique plan ;
- un conducteur constituant un plan de masse, sur la surface inférieure (S1) de ce substrat ;
- plusieurs zones conductrices s'étendant sur la surface supérieure du substrat et ayant chacune une forme allongées donnant à l'antenne une forme en chandelier ;
- un dispositif de couplage d'antenne commun à toutes les zones
conductrices ;
- et étant caractérisée en ce que ces zones conductrices sont séparées l'une de l'autre par des fentes de largeurs très inférieures aux longueurs d'onde d'utilisation de l'antenne ;
- en ce que ces zones conductrices sont suffisamment découplées mutuellement pour permettre à diverses résonances de s'établir, respectivement, dans diverses aires formées par ces zones, ces résonances étant au moins approximativement du type quart d'onde ;
- et en ce que chacune de ces zones a un noeud de champ électrique fixé par au moins un court-circuit vers le plan de masse, et que ce court-circuit est situé au voisinage de la base du chandelier.
- Un substrat diélectrique 2 présentant deux surfaces principales mutuellement opposées s'étendant selon des directions définies dans cette antenne et constituant des directions horizontales DL et DT, ces directions pouvant dépendre de la zone considérée de l'antenne. Ce substrat peut présenter des formes diverses comme précédemment exposé. Ses deux surfaces principales constituent respectivement une surface inférieure S1 et une surface supérieure S2. Une autre direction est également définie dans cette antenne. Elle forme un angle avec chacune de ces directions horizontales et constitue une direction verticale DV. L'angle formé est typiquement un angle droit. Mais cette direction verticale peut aussi faire des angles différents avec ces directions horizontales et elle peut elle aussi dépendre de la zone considérée. Le substrat présente plusieurs surfaces de tranches, telles que la surface S3, qui relient chacune un bord de la surface inférieure à un bord correspondant de la surface supérieure et qui contiennent cette direction verticale.
- Une couche conductrice inférieure s'étendant sur cette surface inférieure et constituant une masse 4 de cette antenne.
- Une couche conductrice supérieure s'étendant sur une aire de cette surface supérieure au dessus de la masse 4 de manière à constituer une pastille 6 du type désigné mondialement par le mot anglais patch. Cette pastille a une configuration spécifique à cette antenne. Elle a aussi une longueur et une largeur s'étendant selon deux dites directions horizontales constituant une direction longitudinale DL et une direction transversale DT, respectivement, cette dernière direction étant parallèle à la surface de tranche S3. Quoique les mots longueur et largeur s'appliquent usuellement aux deux dimensions mutuellement perpendiculaires d'un objet rectangulaire, la longueur étant plus grande que la largeur, il doit être compris que la pastille 6 pourrait s'écarter d'une telle forme sans sortir du cadre de cette invention. Plus particulièrement les directions DL et DT peuvent former un angle différent de 90 degrés, les bords de cette pastille peuvent ne pas être rectilignes et sa dite longueur peut être plus courte que sa dite largeur. L'un de ces bords se situe à l'intersection de la surface supérieure S2 et de la surface de tranche S3. Il s'étend donc selon la direction transversale DT. Il constitue un bord arrière 10 et définit selon la direction longitudinale DL un sens vers l'arrière DB dirigé vers ce bord arrière et un sens vers l'avant DF opposé à ce sens vers l'arrière. Par ailleurs la configuration de la pastille 6 forme au moins une fente F1 à l'intérieur de cette pastille. La présence de cette fente fait apparaítre au moins une résonance supplémentaire dans un groupe de résonances de cette antenne. Ce groupe inclut plusieurs résonances correspondant respectivement à plusieurs modes de fonctionnement et à plusieurs fréquences de fonctionnement de cette antenne. Il peut aussi inclure des résonances non exploitées pour l'utilisation de l'antenne.
- Enfin un court circuit C2 raccordant électriquement la pastille 6 à la masse 4. Ce court-circuit est formé dans la surface de tranche S3 qui est typiquement plane et constitue alors un plan de court-circuit. Il impose à des résonances de l'antenne d'être au moins approximativement du type quart d'onde.
- Un conducteur principal C3 s'étendant selon la direction verticale DV entre une extrémité inférieure et une extrémité supérieure dans l'intervalle laissé entre les deux conducteurs de court-circuit. Cette extrémité supérieure se raccorde à l'extrémité arrière du conducteur principal C1 de la ligne coplanaire horizontale. Ce conducteur principal de la ligne coplanaire verticale constitue en même temps ledit premier conducteur de raccordement, une première borne de l'antenne et un tronçon vertical du conducteur principal de la ligne de couplage.
- Et deux dits conducteurs de masse de cette ligne coopérant avec le conducteur C3 et constitués par les deux conducteurs de court-circuit C2 et C12. Ces deux conducteurs de court-circuit constituent en même temps conjointement une deuxième borne de l'antenne.
- Formation d'une couche conductrice verticale sur la surface de tranche S3, et
- gravure de cette couche pour réaliser à la fois les deux conducteurs de court-circuit C2 et C12 et le premier conducteur de raccordement C3. Ces conducteurs constituent alors respectivement deux bandes de court-circuit et un ruban de couplage vertical.
fréquence de fonctionnement primaire 940 MHz,
- fréquence de fonctionnement secondaire 870 MHz,
- impédance d'entrée : 50 Ohms,
- composition et épaisseur du substrat : résine époxy ayant une permittivité relative er = 4,3 et un facteur de dissipation tg d =0,02, épaisseur 1,6 mm,
- composition et épaisseur des couches conductrices :cuivre, 17 microns,
- longueur de la zone primaire Z1 : 26 mm,
- largeur de la zone Z1 : 29 mm,
- longueur des zones secondaires Z2 et Z12 : 30 mm,
- largeur de chacune de ces zones : 5,5 mm,
- longueur de la région arrière Z3 : 2,5 mm,
- longueur du conducteur C1 de la ligne coplanaire horizontale : 25 mm,
- largeur du conducteur C1 et du conducteur principal C3 de la ligne coplanaire verticale : 2,1 mm,
- hauteur du conducteur C3 : O,8 mm,
- largeur commune à toutes les fentes, cette largeur étant indiquée selon la direction horizontale pour les fentes transversales F2 et F12 :0,5 mm,
- longueur des fentes d'abaissement de fréquence F3 et F13 : 5 mm,
- largeur de l'intervalle axial 20 : 7 mm,
- largeur de chacun des conducteurs de court-circuit C2 et C12 : 5mm.
Claims (10)
- Antenne multifréquence réalisée selon la technique des microrubans, cette antenne comportant :un substrat diélectrique plan (S3) ;un conducteur (4) constituant un plan de masse, sur la surface inférieure (S1) de ce substrat ;plusieurs zones conductrices (Z2, Z1, Z12 ; Z103, Z102, Z101, Z112, Z113) s'étendant sur la surface supérieure (S2) du substrat et ayant chacune une forme allongées donnant à l'antenne une forme en chandelier ;un dispositif de couplage d'antenne (C1, C3 ; C104, C105) commun à toutes les zones conductrices ;et étant caractérisée en ce que ces zones conductrices (Z2, Z1, Z12 ; Z103, Z102, Z101, Z112, Z113) sont séparées l'une de l'autre par des fentes (F4, F14) de largeurs très inférieures aux longueurs d'onde d'utilisation de l'antenne ;en ce que ces zones conductrices sont suffisamment découplées mutuellement pour permettre à diverses résonances de s'établir, respectivement, dans diverses aires formées par ces zones, ces résonances étant au moins approximativement du type quart d'onde ;et en ce que chacune de ces zones a un noeud de champ électrique fixé par au moins un court-circuit (C2, C12 ; C102) vers le plan de masse (4), et que ce court-circuit est situé au voisinage de la base (C2, C12 ; C102) du chandelier.
- Antenne selon la revendication 1, cette antenne comportant:un substrat diélectrique (2) présentant deux surfaces principales mutuellement opposées s'étendant selon des directions définies dans cette antenne et constituant des directions horizontales (DL et DT), ces deux surfaces constituant respectivement une surface inférieure (S1) et une surface supérieure (S2), une autre direction étant en outre définie dans cette antenne et formant un angle avec chacune de ces directions horizontales, cette autre direction constituant une direction verticale (DV),une couche conductrice inférieure s'étendant sur ladite surface inférieure et constituant une masse (4) de cette antenne,une couche conductrice supérieure s'étendant sur une aire de ladite surface supérieure au dessus de ladite masse de manière à constituer une pastille (6), cette pastille ayant une configuration, une longueur et une largeur, cette longueur et cette largeur s'étendant selon deux dites directions horizontales constituant une direction longitudinale (DL) et une direction transversale (DT), respectivement, cette configuration formant au moins une fente (F1) à l'intérieur de cette pastille, cette fente contribuant à définir pour cette antenne un groupe de résonances incluant plusieurs résonances correspondant respectivement à plusieurs modes de fonctionnement et à plusieurs fréquences de fonctionnement de cette antenne, etun dispositif de couplage d'antenne comportant lui même :un conducteur principal (C1) raccordé à ladite pastille en un point de raccordement (18), etun conducteur de masse (6), de manière à permettre de coupler ladite antenne à un organe de traitement de signal (8) par l'intermédiaire de ce dispositif pour chacune des dites fréquences de fonctionnement,
ladite antenne étant caractérisée par le fait que ledit court circuit (C2) raccorde électriquement ladite pastille (6) à ladite masse (4) sur un bord de cette pastille, ce bord s'étendant selon ladite direction transversale (DT) et constituant un bord arrière (10) définissant dans cette pastille selon ladite direction longitudinale (DL) un sens vers l'arrière (DB) dirigé vers ce bord arrière et un sens vers l'avant (DF) opposé à ce sens vers l'arrière, deux régions de cette pastille constituant respectivement une région arrière (Z3) contiguë à ce bord arrière et une région avant (Z1, Z2, Z12) à l'avant de cette région arrière, une dite fente débouchant vers l'avant à l'extérieur de cette pastille de manière à constituer une fente séparatrice longitudinale (F1) séparant cette région avant en deux dites zones constituant respectivement une zone primaire (Z1) et une zone secondaire (Z2), ledit point de raccordement (18) étant extérieur à cette zone secondaire. - Antenne selon la revendication 2, cette antenne étant caractérisée par le fait que ladite région arrière (Z3) est plus courte selon ladite direction longitudinale (DL) que ladite région avant (Z1, Z2, Z12).
- Antenne selon la revendication 3, cette antenne étant caractérisée par le fait que ledit point de raccordement (18) est situé dans ladite zone primaire (Z1), un dit mode de fonctionnement constituant un mode primaire dans lequel une onde stationnaire s'établit grâce à une propagation d'ondes progressives dans les deux sens d'une direction au moins voisine de cette direction longitudinale, ces ondes se propageant dans une dite aire incluant cette zone primaire et ladite région arrière en excluant sensiblement ladite zone secondaire (Z2, Z12), un autre dit mode de fonctionnement constituant un mode secondaire dans lequel une onde stationnaire s'établit grâce à une propagation d'ondes progressives dans les deux mêmes sens, ces ondes se propageant dans une autre dite aire incluant ces zones primaire et secondaire et cette région arrière.
- Antenne selon la revendication 2, cette antenne étant caractérisée par le fait que la position du dit point de raccordement (18) donne à une impédance de cette antenne sensiblement une même valeur pour les diverses dites fréquences de fonctionnement.
- Antenne selon la revendication 2, cette antenne étant caractérisée par le fait que lesdites zones primaire (Z1) et secondaire (Z2) ont des dimensions respectives mutuellement différentes selon la dite direction longitudinale (DL).
- Antenne selon la revendication 4, cette antenne étant caractérisée par le fait que ledit court-circuit est formé seulement sur un segment dudit bord arrière (10), la position de ce segment dans la largeur de la dite pastille (6) étant plus proche de celle de ladite zone primaire (Z1) que de celle de ladite zone secondaire (Z2), ce segment constituant un segment de court circuit (C2, C12), ladite configuration de cette pastille formant en outre une dite fente s'étendant selon ladite direction transversale et constituant une fente séparatrice transversale (F2) séparant partiellement cette zone primaire de ladite région arrière (Z3).
- Antenne selon la revendication 2, cette antenne étant caractérisée par le fait que ladite configuration de la pastille (6) forme en outre au moins une fente (F3) s'étendant dans ladite zone primaire (Z1) selon ladite direction longitudinale (DL).
- Antenne selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 8, cette antenne étant caractérisée par le fait qu'elle présente un plan de symétrie s'étendant selon les dites directions longitudinale (DL) et verticale (DV), la trace de ce plan dans ladite surface supérieure du substrat constituant un axe de symétrie (A) pour ladite pastille (6), ledit dispositif de couplage et la dite zone primaire (Z1) s'étendant au voisinage de cet axe, ladite configuration de la pastille formant deux dites fentes séparatrices longitudinales (F1, F11) de part et d'autre de cette zone primaire, ladite zone secondaire comportant deux parties (Z2, Z12) situées respectivement au delà de ces deux fentes.
- Dispositif de communication radio incluant une antenne selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 9 et un dit organe de traitement de signal (8) raccordé à cette antenne et adapté à fonctionner aux dites fréquences de fonctionnement.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR9715693 | 1997-12-11 | ||
FR9715693A FR2772517B1 (fr) | 1997-12-11 | 1997-12-11 | Antenne multifrequence realisee selon la technique des microrubans et dispositif incluant cette antenne |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP0924797A1 true EP0924797A1 (fr) | 1999-06-23 |
EP0924797B1 EP0924797B1 (fr) | 2004-02-25 |
Family
ID=9514472
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP98403063A Expired - Lifetime EP0924797B1 (fr) | 1997-12-11 | 1998-12-07 | Antenne multifréquence réalisée selon la technique des microrubans, et dispositif incluant cette antenne |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US6133879A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0924797B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JPH11317615A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN1151586C (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE260514T1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU9697798A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2254266A1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69821884T2 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2215285T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2772517B1 (fr) |
SG (1) | SG76579A1 (fr) |
TW (1) | TW402824B (fr) |
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JP2020028077A (ja) * | 2018-08-16 | 2020-02-20 | 株式会社デンソーテン | アンテナ装置 |
US11349201B1 (en) | 2019-01-24 | 2022-05-31 | Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation | Compact antenna system for munition |
US10847881B2 (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2020-11-24 | Pc-Tel, Inc. | Dual-band antenna with notched cross-polarization suppression |
US11581632B1 (en) | 2019-11-01 | 2023-02-14 | Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation | Flexline wrap antenna for projectile |
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-
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- 1998-12-07 DE DE69821884T patent/DE69821884T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-12-07 AT AT98403063T patent/ATE260514T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-12-07 EP EP98403063A patent/EP0924797B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 1998-12-10 JP JP10351985A patent/JPH11317615A/ja active Pending
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- 1998-12-11 CN CNB98126980XA patent/CN1151586C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Cited By (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1999063622A1 (fr) | 1998-05-29 | 1999-12-09 | Nokia Mobile Phones Limited | Antenne |
GB2363911A (en) * | 1998-12-16 | 2002-01-09 | Ericsson Telefon Ab L M | Printed multi-band patch antenna |
WO2000036700A1 (fr) * | 1998-12-16 | 2000-06-22 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Antenne multibande a plaque imprimee |
GB2363911B (en) * | 1998-12-16 | 2003-11-26 | Ericsson Telefon Ab L M | Printed multi-band patch antenna |
FR2797352A1 (fr) * | 1999-08-05 | 2001-02-09 | Cit Alcatel | Antenne a empilement de structures resonantes et dispositif de radiocommunication multifrequence incluant cette antenne |
US6304220B1 (en) | 1999-08-05 | 2001-10-16 | Alcatel | Antenna with stacked resonant structures and a multi-frequency radiocommunications system including it |
SG109428A1 (en) * | 1999-08-05 | 2005-03-30 | Cit Alcatel | An antenna with stacked resonant structures and a multi-frequency radiocommunications system including it |
EP1075043A1 (fr) * | 1999-08-05 | 2001-02-07 | Alcatel | Antenne à empilement de structures résonantes et dispositif de radiocommunication multifréquence incluant cette antenne |
WO2001017063A1 (fr) * | 1999-09-01 | 2001-03-08 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Antenne multibande semi-encastree a circuits imprimes |
US6408190B1 (en) | 1999-09-01 | 2002-06-18 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Semi built-in multi-band printed antenna |
EP2063490A1 (fr) | 2000-07-11 | 2009-05-27 | IN4TEL Ltd. | Antennes intérieures pour dispositifs de communication mobiles |
WO2002039542A1 (fr) * | 2000-10-31 | 2002-05-16 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Dispositif d'antenne et terminal portable |
US6677907B2 (en) | 2000-10-31 | 2004-01-13 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Antenna device and portable terminal |
EP1258944A2 (fr) * | 2001-05-17 | 2002-11-20 | Filtronic LK Oy | Antenne multibande |
EP1258944A3 (fr) * | 2001-05-17 | 2004-02-04 | Filtronic LK Oy | Antenne multibande |
FR2826185A1 (fr) * | 2001-06-18 | 2002-12-20 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | Antenne fil-plaque multifrequences |
WO2002103843A1 (fr) * | 2001-06-18 | 2002-12-27 | Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique (Cnrs) | Antenne fil-plaque multifrequences |
EP1339133A1 (fr) * | 2002-02-01 | 2003-08-27 | Filtronic LK Oy | Antenne plane en F inversé présentant une structure d'alimentation améliorée |
GB2391114A (en) * | 2002-07-23 | 2004-01-28 | Motorola Inc | Multi-frequency antenna apparatus |
GB2391114B (en) * | 2002-07-23 | 2007-03-14 | Motorola Inc | Multi-frequency slot antenna apparatus |
WO2008056159A1 (fr) * | 2006-11-10 | 2008-05-15 | Wavetrend Technologies Limited | Antenne multifréquences |
WO2009142983A1 (fr) * | 2008-05-23 | 2009-11-26 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Antenne à plaque à large bande et système d’antenne |
US8232924B2 (en) | 2008-05-23 | 2012-07-31 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Broadband patch antenna and antenna system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69821884D1 (de) | 2004-04-01 |
TW402824B (en) | 2000-08-21 |
DE69821884T2 (de) | 2005-01-05 |
SG76579A1 (en) | 2000-11-21 |
FR2772517B1 (fr) | 2000-01-07 |
AU9697798A (en) | 1999-07-01 |
EP0924797B1 (fr) | 2004-02-25 |
ATE260514T1 (de) | 2004-03-15 |
CN1151586C (zh) | 2004-05-26 |
US6133879A (en) | 2000-10-17 |
JPH11317615A (ja) | 1999-11-16 |
ES2215285T3 (es) | 2004-10-01 |
FR2772517A1 (fr) | 1999-06-18 |
CA2254266A1 (fr) | 1999-06-11 |
CN1230037A (zh) | 1999-09-29 |
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