Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C11D3/2003—Alcohols; Phenols
  • C11D3/2006—Monohydric alcohols
  • C11D3/201—Monohydric alcohols linear
  • C11D3/2013—Monohydric alcohols linear fatty or with at least 8 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
  • C11D1/645—Mixtures of compounds all of which are cationic
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/835—Mixtures of non-ionic with cationic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
  • C11D3/001—Softening compositions
  • C11D3/0015—Softening compositions liquid
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
  • C11D1/42—Amino alcohols or amino ethers
  • C11D1/44—Ethers of polyoxyalkylenes with amino alcohols; Condensation products of epoxyalkanes with amines
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
  • C11D1/52—Carboxylic amides, alkylolamides or imides or their condensation products with alkylene oxides
  • C11D1/525—Carboxylic amides (R1-CO-NR2R3), where R1, R2 or R3 contain two or more hydroxy groups per alkyl group, e.g. R3 being a reducing sugar rest
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
  • C11D1/62—Quaternary ammonium compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/662—Carbohydrates or derivatives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/667—Neutral esters, e.g. sorbitan esters
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols

Definitions

• the present invention relates to aqueous dispersions which contain fatty substances and emulsifiers as fabric softeners, which are distinguished by a high positive zeta potential of the dispersion.
• Textile treatment agents which have a soft-care effect on laundry are well known. They are usually used in the last rinse of a machine wash and give the laundry a pleasant, soft feel, since they have a pronounced sorption capacity on a wide variety of fiber surfaces.
• the coating of the fibers with the long-chain molecules leads to a sliding effect between the fibers and thus prevents the water or dry rigidity that is responsible for the hard grip of the fabric.
• a possible adsorption mechanism for drawing up softening materials consists in the electrostatic attraction between the e.g. due to washing alkali negatively charged fiber surface and positively charged plasticizer particles.
• zeta potential is the galvanic voltage across the diffuse electrochemical double layer at the phase boundary between the surface of a solid, for example a dispersed plasticizer, and a liquid. for example, the wash liquor.
• Water-insoluble quaternary ammonium compounds which contain two long-chain alkyl or alkenyl radicals are usually used as textile-softening active substances. Frequently used compounds are ditallow dimethyl ammonium chloride or disartyl dimethyl ammonium chloride. However, since such compounds are considered to be ecologically questionable, increasingly used are difatty acid trialkanolamine ester salts which are obtained by reacting a trialkanolamine with technical fatty acids and subsequent quaternization, such as, for example, methyl-N- (2-hydroxyethyl) -N, N-di ( tallow acyl oxyethyl) ammonium methosulfate.
• compositions contain a fatty alcohol with 10 to 24 carbon atoms, the weight ratio between cationic softeners to fatty alcohols being between 3.5: 1 and 6: 1. Ethoxylated amines are used as emulsifiers.
• Solid agents are known from German patent application 42 32 448 A1 which contain quaternary difatty acid trialkanolamine salts and a hydroxy compound selected from the group of fatty alcohols, fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers, polyol fatty acid partial esters and carbohydrates and which are suitable for the production of liquid, aqueous plasticizer compositions (with 1 up to 50% by weight of active substance).
• the weight ratio between quaternary esteramine salt and hydroxy compound should be between 9: 1 and 1: 1.
• a disadvantage of these agents is that relatively large amounts of ecologically unsatisfactory nitrogen-containing compounds are still used.
• EP 497 769 A2 proposes acidic, aqueous fabric softeners which contain pentaerythritol esters as a softening component in amounts between 1 and 25% by weight and 0.1 to 10% by weight of a nonionic emulsifier and are therefore ecologically harmless are.
• the object of the invention was therefore to produce stable, aqueous textile softener dispersions based on largely biodegradable ingredients with advantageous ecotoxicological properties. It has now been found that combinations of biodegradable, water-insoluble fatty substances with emulsifiers in specific proportions leads to efficient means if the zeta potential of the aqueous dispersions exceeds a certain value.
• the invention therefore relates to fabric softening agents in the form of an aqueous dispersion of an anti-fouling component, the softening agent, based on the weight of the softening agent, consisting of 0.5 to 20% by weight of at least one nonionic fatty substance and 0.2 to 10% by weight .-% of a water-soluble and / or water-insoluble katio ⁇ African emulsifier and 0 to 10 wt .-% of a nonionic emulsifier, the weight ratio between fat and emulsifiers between 10: 1 and 0.5: 1 and the proviso that Zeta potential of the aqueous dispersion at a pH of 7 and a temperature of 25 ° C is at least + 30 mV.
• zeta potential is a common method for characterizing solid / liquid dispersions (RJ Hunter, Zeta Potential in Colloid Science, pages 150 to 162, Academic Press, New York 1981).
• Dispersed particles can become electrically charged, for example through the adsorption of ions on their surface.
• an electrical double layer forms on the surface of these electrically charged particles, which is firmly bonded to the particles and causes an apparent increase in volume.
• This solid layer is enveloped by a movable and diffuse ion layer.
• the potential ⁇ o on the particle surface now drops within the solid ion layer with the thickness ⁇ line ⁇ ar to the value ⁇ ⁇ in order to decrease exponentially to the value 0 in the diffuse layer.
• the potential difference between the inner solid ion layer ⁇ ⁇ and the point within the diffuse ion layer at which the potential has decreased to 1 / e • ⁇ ⁇ is called the zeta potential.
• E- ⁇ ⁇ zeta potential (in mV)
• ⁇ dielectric constant of the dispersing agent
• v electrophoretic migration rate (in cm / s)
• E field strength (in mV)
• f numerical factor (friction factor), which depends on the shape of the particles, their conductivity and the size of the particles compared to the thickness of the diffuse double layer
• the migration speed is measured either by means of light microscopic observation or, in particular in the case of smaller particles, by means of laser correlation spectroscopy (W. Demtröder, laser spectroscopy: basics and techniques, 2nd edition, Springer-Verlag, Berlin 1991, chapters 12.7 to 12.7.2).
• the high positive zeta potential of the dispersions means that the dispersed particles can completely absorb onto the negatively charged fibers and that the fibers are completely coated with hydrophobic, long-chain alkyl residues, which has a good softening effect.
• Agents are particularly suitable that have the highest possible zeta potential over a wide pH range, as is present in the wash liquor.
• Particularly preferred are dispersions according to the invention which not only have a zeta potential of at least + 30 mV at a pH of 7, but also at a pH of 8, which is often achieved in the wash liquor during the wash cycle show at least a zeta potential of + 25 mV (temperature 25 ° C each).
• Dispersions whose zeta potential shows at least + 40 mV at a temperature of 25 ° C. and a pH of 7 are particularly preferred.
• the dispersions according to the invention contain at least one fatty substance in amounts between 0.5 and 20% by weight, preferably between 2 and 12% by weight and in particular between 4 and 6% by weight, based on the total amount of the agent, and the cationic emulsifier in amounts between 0.2 and 10% by weight, preferably between 0.3 and 8% by weight, in particular between 0.4 and 6% by weight, and optionally a nonionic emulsifier in amounts up to 10% by weight. It is essential that the weight ratio between fat and emulsifier is between 10: 1 and 0.5: 1 and the amounts of the ingredients are adjusted so that the zeta potential of the dispersion at a pH of 7 and 25 ° C is at least + 30 mV.
• Particularly preferred dispersions have a weight ratio between fat and emulsifiers of between 1: 1 and 8: 1, and in particular between 2: 1 and 6: 1.
• fatty substances are understood to mean solid fats, fatty alcohols, waxes and hydrocarbons at normal temperature (20 ° C.). These include, for example, hardened fats and oils of animal and vegetable origin, as well as non-cyclic, branched and unbranched hydrocarbons with 12 to 30 carbon atoms. Examples of such compounds are tetradecane, hexadecane, octadecane and octa-decene.
• the fatty substances are preferably selected from the group of the fatty acid esters of fatty acids with 12 to 22 carbon atoms with mono- or polyhydric alcohols with 1 to 22 carbon atoms, as well as fatty acids or fatty alcohols with 12 to 22 carbon atoms and mixtures of these substances.
• mono- or diesters of fatty acids with pentaerythritol Monoester and diesters of C ⁇ 2 - 1 8 acids with Gly or cerin Monoester of C ⁇ 2 . ⁇ acids with C ⁇ preferably 2 -i 8 fatty alcohols.
• Examples of such compounds are lauric, myristic, palmitic or stearic acid and methyl and ethyl esters of these acids.
• decanol, dodecanol, tetradecanol, pentadecanol, hexadecanol or octadecanol and mixtures of these alcohols are used as fatty alcohol.
• Examples of preferred fatty substances are technical pentaerythritol distearic acid esters or glycerol monostearic acid esters as well as technical fatty alcohols.
• cationic emulsifiers are understood to mean compounds which are selected from the group of the quaternary ammonium compounds of the formulas (I) and (II),
• R is an acyclic alkyl radical having 12 to 24 carbon atoms
• R 1 is a saturated C 1 -C 4 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical
• R 2 is either R or R 1
• COR 3 is an aliphatic acyl radical having 12 to 22 carbon atoms is 0, 1, 2 or 3 double bonds
• R 4 is H or OH
• n is 1, 2 or 3
• X is either a halide, methosulfate, metophosphate or phosphate ion, as well as mixtures of these compounds.
• Compounds which contain alkyl radicals having 16 to 18 carbon atoms are particularly preferred.
• Examples of cationic surfactants of the formula (I) are didecyldimethylammonium chloride, ditallow dimethylammonium chloride or dihexadecylammonium chloride.
• Examples of compounds of the formula (II) are methyl-N- (2-hydroxyethyl) -N, N-di (tallow acyl-oxyethyl) ammonium methosulfate, bis- (palmitoyl) ethyl-hydroxyethyl-methyl-ammonium methosulfate or methyl-N, N-bis (acyloxyethyl) -N- (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium methosulfate.
• quaternized compounds of the formula (II) which have unsaturated alkyl chains
• R 5 is a saturated alkyl radical having 12 to 18 carbon atoms
• R 6 is an alkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or H
• Z is an NH group or oxygen and A is an anion.
• R 7 each independently represents a C 1-4 alkyl, alkenyl or hydroxyalkyl group
• R 8 each independently represents a C 8-28 alkyl group
• n is a number between 0 and 5.
• nonionic emulsifiers are understood to mean compounds which are selected from the group of the alkoxylated fatty acids with 12 to 22 carbon atoms, the alkoxylated fatty acid esters from fatty acids with 12 to 22 carbon atoms with alcohols with 1 to 10 carbon atoms and the alkoxylated fatty alcohols with 12 up to 22 carbon atoms, the alkoxylated compounds having HLB values between 3 and 20, and fatty acid amides and monoalkanolamides from C 2 -C 22 fatty acids with amines or alkanotamines with 1 to 9 carbon atoms, and alkyl glycosides or glucamides, are selected.
• alkoxylated compounds having an HLB value of between 3 and 20, preferably between 8 and 14.
• nonionic emulsifiers are C 12-1 8- fatty alcohols with 7 EO, cetyl / stearyl alcohol with 20 EO or fatty acid.
• the alkyl glycosides used are compounds of the general formula RO (G) x in which R denotes a primary straight-chain or methyl-branched, in particular methyl-branched aliphatic radical having 8 to 22, preferably 12 to 18, C atoms and G is the symbol which stands for a glycose unit with 5 or 6 carbon atoms, preferably for glucose.
• the degree of oligomerization x which indicates the distribution of monoglycosides and oligoglycosides, is any number between 1 and 10; x is preferably 1.2 to 1.4.
• Fatty acid N-alkylglucamides such as are represented by the formula (IV) are preferably used as glucamides,
• R is hydrogen or an alkyl group and R CO is the acyl radical of caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, palmoleic acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, petroselinic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, arachic acid , Gadoleic acid, behenic acid or erucic acid or their technical mixtures.
• fatty acid N-alkyl glucamides of formula (IV) / ⁇ by reductive amination of glucose with methylamine and subsequent acylation with lauric acid or coconut oil fatty acid C 12 4 a corresponding derivative are obtained respectively.
• the agents according to the invention can also contain other substances customary in textile softeners. These include, for example, organic solvents such as ethanol or isopropyl alcohol, fungicides, enzymes, for example cellulase, dyes, optical brighteners, lecithin, UV absorbers, preservatives, soil repellents, pearlescent agents or fragrances.
• the agents may further contain electrolytes, preferably sodium, magnesium or calcium chloride, and pH adjusting agents such as e.g. organic and inorganic acids.
• the dispersions according to the invention are prepared in a manner known per se by mixing the ingredients with the necessary amount of water, then heating to a temperature of 60 ° C. and mixing for 5 to 30 minutes in a high-speed mixer.
• the aqueous white rinse dispersions thus obtained have a pH between 2 and 7, preferably between 3 and 6.
• the aqueous dispersions mentioned in Examples 1 to 8 were prepared by introducing the corresponding fatty substances with the emulsifiers and water and heating them to 80 ° C. with thorough mixing. After the raw materials had been homogeneously dispersed, the cationic emulsifier was added with thorough mixing. The dispersion was cooled to 30 ° C. with moderate stirring and then the remaining constituents, such as, for example, perfume oils, were metered in.
• the determination of the gripping effect was carried out on prewashed terry towels, which were equipped with the agents to be examined and then dried in the air.
• the test fabrics were treated in a glass drum with the agents to be examined (concentration 15 g / kg dry wash, water hardness 16 ° d, liquor ratio 1: 5) for 5 minutes, the drum being set in reversing movements.
• the cloths were assessed by a test panel (5 people) in terms of grip.
• the zeta potential was measured using a Malvern-Zetazisers ® 3 at a temperature of 25 ° C. To determine the zeta potential, the respective dispersion was diluted 1: 400 with 0.001 molar potassium chloride solution and then the pH was adjusted to the desired value using hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide. The values given represent mean values from 5 measurements.
• the dispersions according to the invention with a small proportion of quaternary N-containing compounds, had good grip properties which are comparable with the performance of conventional plasticizers which contain only cationic N-containing salts as the finishing component.
• the two examples 7 and 8 not according to the invention and a commercial plasticizer 9 based on a known quaternary esteramine salt were investigated.
• 7 has a combination of fatty substance and cationic and nonionic emulsifier
• 8 represents a combination of a cationic and two nonionic emulsifiers without the addition of a fatty substance according to the invention.
• Example 10 shows that the combination tion of the ingredients according to the invention does not necessarily lead to dispersions with high zeta potential.
• the absence of amounts means up to 100% by weight of water and minor other constituents (electrolytes, perfume oil, auxiliaries, etc.).

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Emergency Medicine (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)
• Colloid Chemistry (AREA)

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• 1996
  • 1996-06-14 DE DE19623764A patent/DE19623764A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1997
  • 1997-06-04 EP EP97927127A patent/EP0920486B2/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1997-06-04 AT AT97927127T patent/ATE212050T1/de active
  • 1997-06-04 DE DE59706021T patent/DE59706021D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1997-06-04 ES ES97927127T patent/ES2171950T5/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1997-06-04 WO PCT/EP1997/002892 patent/WO1997047716A2/fr active IP Right Grant

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