EP0916899B1 - Keramisches Heizelement als Kochzone in einer Aussparung einer Fläche - Google Patents
Keramisches Heizelement als Kochzone in einer Aussparung einer Fläche Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0916899B1 EP0916899B1 EP98119600A EP98119600A EP0916899B1 EP 0916899 B1 EP0916899 B1 EP 0916899B1 EP 98119600 A EP98119600 A EP 98119600A EP 98119600 A EP98119600 A EP 98119600A EP 0916899 B1 EP0916899 B1 EP 0916899B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heating element
- ceramic
- cover
- recess
- element according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/68—Heating arrangements specially adapted for cooking plates or analogous hot-plates
- H05B3/74—Non-metallic plates, e.g. vitroceramic, ceramic or glassceramic hobs, also including power or control circuits
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F24C15/00—Details
- F24C15/10—Tops, e.g. hot plates; Rings
- F24C15/102—Tops, e.g. hot plates; Rings electrically heated
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrical Heating element as a cooking zone with a very good heat-conducting ceramic as a carrier, in a recess in a surface made of glass ceramic, glass, Ceramic, metal or plastic.
- Cooking appliances with glass ceramic cooking surfaces are known.
- the heating The cooking zones for these devices are usually carried out in the area the cooking zones below the glass ceramic cooktop electric or gas powered heating devices.
- the delayed is considered a disadvantage Heat dissipation through the plate to the material to be heated a correspondingly lower energy utilization (efficiency) of the heating medium and the resulting longer cooking time felt.
- hob WO 96/09738 also has an electrical heating element for Object, which is an electrically insulating, heat-conducting carrier made of ceramics, in particular silicon nitride, and one attached to it electrically conductive layer provided with electrical contacts or film, the carrier being plate-shaped and thus solid is that it acts as a heat sink.
- the high thermal conductivity of the ceramic material also prevents that Formation of multi-circuit cooking zones with those adapted to the cookware Diameters or roasting zones with independently switchable and controllable Zones that have been known for years with glass ceramic cooktops and are generally useful. Adjacent zones would because here they are heating each other up.
- Cooking appliances whose cooking zones are made exclusively with ceramic hotplates very high heat conduction are formed, despite the above Advantages compared to cooking appliances with glass ceramic cooking surfaces or zones quite a number of disadvantages.
- German utility model 297 02 418.3 which relates to a cooking appliance with a glass ceramic cooking surface with a plurality of cooking zones, at least one of which is designed as a rapid cooking zone, the cooking zones being essentially heatable by means of electrically operated heating devices and the rapid cooking zone by an into the glass ceramic cooking surface Integrated ceramic hot plate is formed, wherein the ceramic hot plate can consist of Si 3 N 4 or SiC.
- the ceramic hotplate is either inserted directly into the glass ceramic cooking surface, or glued into a corresponding recess in the glass ceramic cooking surface by means of a silicone adhesive, or the ceramic cooking plate is inserted into a plate made of thermally insulating ceramic, metal or tempered glass and this in turn is inserted into a recess the glass ceramic cooktop.
- Ceramic plates have a thermal expansion that should not be neglected. Since a ceramic hotplate expands during operation, high operating temperatures must not occur when joining with brittle materials such as glass ceramic, glass or ceramic. Alternatively, it can be glued with a permanently elastic material. But even these permanently elastic materials are only stable up to approx. 300 ° C. Furthermore, the quench resistance of the ceramic discs is typically around 300 K.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to present an arrangement in which an electric heating element as a cooking zone with an electrically insulating but very good heat-conducting ceramic as a carrier, in a recess Cooking surface made of glass ceramic or a surface made of glass or ceramic, metal or plastic is integrated without gluing, the arrangement being electrical safe, high temperature resistant (400 to 500 ° C) and tight against penetration of liquids inside the device.
- the holder of the ceramic heating elements guaranteed by a simple clamping device.
- a special one Sealing which in turn would limit the operating temperature, is included not absolutely necessary, because of the special shape, preferred Embodiment frustoconical or spherical segment-like bulges, the Liquid penetration between ceramic heating element and molded body is prevented.
- the molded body is a prestressed one Glass or glass ceramic surface, all around in the edge area is bent upwards around the ceramic heating element.
- the cutout is the bottom of the recess and cover located under the major plane of the surface formed in one piece from the surface itself by suitable shaping.
- this cover is a separate part, in particular made of metal or plastic.
- the cover either has openings, in particular Snap-in recordings, by means of which the fastening elements firmly connected to the heating element, in particular by means of latches of snap hooks, latching, are releasably firmly connected.
- the cover has at least one Opening, by means of which the / the fixed to the heating element Fastening element / s, in particular by means of a screw nut and a Bolt as fastener, is / are releasably securely connected.
- a combination of snap and screw connections can also be used for certain Orders are provided with success.
- the fixed connection of the fastening element with the heating element preferably by means of a Braze joint reached.
- Avoid area and cover is in the contact area between the ceramic support of the heating element and the surface and / or the covering another material, in particular also arranged as a seal.
- the space between the bottom of the ceramic support of the heating element and the top of the recess downward-closing cover heat-insulating and / or electrical insulating materials, in this room also advantageously heating conductors, elec. Supply lines, cable strain reliefs and cable bushings arranged are.
- Figure 1 shows schematically in supervision the arrangement of a hob 1 with a Shaped body 2 as a cooking surface made of glass ceramic and the integrated therein ceramic heating elements 3.
- the shaped body can also be made as a surface a metallic material or a special temperature-resistant Plastic, e.g. B. made of duroplastic material (z. B. UP or MF) or thermoplastic Material (e.g. PEI, PPS, PES, PPA, PET, PBT).
- the ceramic heating elements 3 usually consist of silicon nitride, Si 3 N 4, silicon carbide, SiC, more rarely aluminum oxide, Al 2 O 3 , or aluminum nitride, AIN, or corresponding mixed ceramics are applied to the heating conductors 4, which are electrically connected to corresponding supply lines 12 ,
- FIG. 2 shows the usual installation situation in section, in which the ceramic heating elements 3 are glued into the molded body, usually a prestressed glass or glass ceramic surface, by means of silicone 13.
- the silicone adhesive 13 currently limits the operating temperature to max. 250 ° C.
- Other adhesives are not used due to their insufficient permanent elastic properties.
- CERAN® ⁇ ⁇ 0.2. 10 -6 / K
- Si 3 N 4 ⁇ ⁇ 3.5. 10 -6 / K
- FIG. 3 shows in section a preferred embodiment according to the Invention.
- the ceramic heating element 3 with the printed heating conductors 4 overlaps the circumferentially upwardly curved edge region 2a of FIG Glass or glass ceramic hob 2.
- 7 is a screw bolt 8 on the ceramic Heating element attached through an opening of a plate-shaped plate or Plastic part 5 protrudes.
- the plate-shaped cover 5 is by means of a washer 10 and a nut 11 held.
- cover 5 is made of plastic, this offers the advantage that Cable strain relief 5a and cable bushings 5b already in the manufacturing process can be molded.
- an intermediate layer is required in the contact area 5d not to damage the underside if the molded body 2 is brittle Materials such as glass, glass ceramics or ceramics is made.
- the cavity is between the heating element 3 and cover 5 by means of an insulating material 14 lined.
- Figure 4 shows another example of such an arrangement, in which the ceramic Heating element 3 with the heating conductors 4 directly on the edge of the molded body 2 is made of heat-resistant glass or glass ceramic.
- the connection to cover 5 is in this case by means of one or more snap hooks 15 made of spring steel, using a hard solder connection 7 on the underside are attached to the ceramic heating element.
- the latch 15a protrudes through the corresponding opening 5c, whereby one, opposite the State of the art, very inexpensive installation.
- the molded body 2 is made of plastic and also a circumferential bulge 2b has on its top, on which the heating element 3 rests.
- the average tapered pad prevents too good heat conduction.
- additional Insulating materials e.g. B. graphite-containing layer materials and / or ceramic fiber materials further lower the contact temperature for the plastic.
- the ceramic heating elements 3 with their Latching hooks 15 are used as shaped bodies in directly formed carrier plates 2 can be. Due to the manufacturing processes, usually injection molding or hot pressing, such carrier plates 2 can already have reinforcing ribs 2c, bottom part 2d, cable openings 2e and locking receptacles 2f in one Step.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Electric Stoves And Ranges (AREA)
- Cookers (AREA)
- Baking, Grill, Roasting (AREA)
Description
Keramikplatten besitzen eine nicht zu vernachlässigende Wärmeausdehnung. Da eine Kochplatte aus Keramik sich somit im Betrieb ausdehnt, dürfen bei Fügung beispielsweise mit spröden Materialien, wie Glaskeramik, Glas oder Keramik keine hohen Betriebstemperaturen auftreten. Alternativ kann mit einem dauerhaft elastischen Material geklebt werden. Aber auch diese dauerhaft elastischen Materialien sind nur bis ca. 300°C beständig. Weiterhin liegt die Abschreckfestigkeit der Keramikscheiben typisch bei etwa 300 K.
Dem gegenüber werden bei handelsüblichen Geschirren aufgrund der fehlenden Planizität der Böden Kochzonentemperaturen bis zu 600°C benötigt, um das zu erhitzende Gut zügig zum Kochen zu bringen. Bei Kochgeräten mit Keramikkochplatten sind hierzu also zusätzlich spezielle Temperatursensoren und Regelvorrichtungen erforderlich.
- Fig. 1
- Die Anordnung eines Kochfeldes, schematisch, in Aufsicht
- Fig. 2
- Die bisher übliche Einbauanordnung, im Schnitt (nach dem Stand der Technik)
- Fig. 3
- Eine Anordnungsmöglichkeit gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung, im Schnitt
- Fig. 4
- Eine weitere mögliche Anordnung gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung, im Schnitt
- Fig. 5
- Eine weitere Variante der Anordnung gemäß der Erfindung
- Eine Optimale Anpassung an die beteiligten Werkstoffe wird gewährleistet.
- Eine Dichtwirkung auch bei sehr unterschiedlichen Materialien ist möglich.
- Eine erhöhte Gebrauchstemperatur, über die bisher üblichen 250 °C wird
möglich
(→ 400 °C) wodurch auch durchschnittliche Geschirrqualität nutzbar ist. - Im Servicefall ist eine einfache Demontage / Montage möglich.
- Einfaches Recycling durch sortenreine Trennung.
Claims (11)
- Elektrische Heizelement als Kochzone mit einer sehr gut wärmeleitenden Keramik als Träger, in einer Aussparung einer Fläche aus Glaskeramik, Glas, Keramik, Metall oder Kunststoff,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der keramische Träger des Heizelementes auf Bereichen der Fläche, die von der Hauptebene der plattenförmig ausgebildeten Fläche unter Ausbildung von linienförmig verlaufenden Erhöhungen, wie Kegelstümpfen, Kugelsegmenten und/oder Kegeln abweichen und den Rand der Aussparung definieren, übergreifend aufliegt, wobei diese erhöhte Auflage des Heizelementes als Lager und die Unterseite der Fläche als Widerlager, für eine unter der Hauptebene der Fläche angeordnete, die Aussparung nach unten abschließende Abdeckung dient, und mittels mit dem Heizelement fest, und der Abdeckung lösbar verbundener Befestigungselemente das Heizelement in der Aussparung der Fläche form- und kraftschlüssig fixiert ist. - Heizelement, nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die linienförmig verlaufenden Erhöhungen kreisförmig oder oval oder elliptisch, insbesondere als Kreiskegelstümpfe und/oder Kreiskegel ausgebildet sind. - Heizelement nach den Ansprüchen 1 und 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die, die Aussparung in der Fläche nach unten abschließende und unter der Hauptebene der Fläche angeordnete Abdeckung durch geeignete Formgebung einteilig aus der Kochfläche selbst ausgebildet ist. - Heizelement nach den Ansprüchen 1 und 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die, die Aussparung in der Fläche nach unten abschließende und unter der Hauptebene der Fläche angeordnete Abdeckung als separates Teil, insbesondere aus Metall oder Kunststoff, ausgebildet ist. - Heizelement nach den Ansprüchen 3 oder 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abdeckung über Öffnungen, insbesondere über Rastaufnahmen verfügt, mittels derer die mit dem Heizelement fest verbundenen Befestigungselemente, insbesondere mittels Rastnasen von Schnapphaken, rastend, lösbar fest verbindbar sind. - Heizelement nach den Ansprüchen 3 oder 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abdeckung über mindestens eine Öffnung verfügt, mittels derer das/die mit dem Heizelement fest verbundenen Befestigungselement/e, insbesondere mittels einer Schraubenmutter und einem Schraubenbolzen als Befestigungselement, lösbar fest verbindbar ist/sind. - Heizelement nach den Ansprüchen 5 oder 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die feste Verbindung des Befestigungselementes mit dem Heizelement eine Hartlot-Verbindung ist. - Heizelement nach mindestens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Kontaktbereich zwischen dem keramischen Träger des Heizelementes und der Fläche und/oder der Abdeckung ein weiterer Werkstoff, insbesondere als Dichtung angeordnet ist. - Heizelement nach Anspruch 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Dichtungen aus einem Graphit enthaltenden und/oder einem keramischen Faserwerkstoff bestehen. - Heizelement nach mindestens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Raum zwischen der Unterseite des keramischen Trägers des Heizelementes und der Oberseite der die Aussparung nach unten abschließenden Abdeckung wärmedämmende und/oder elektrisch isolierende Werkstoffe enthält. - Heizelement nach mindestens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in dem Raum zwischen der Unterseite des keramischen Trägers und der Oberseite der Abdeckung Heizleiter, elektr. Zuleitungen, Kabelzugentlastungen und Kabeldurchführungen angeordnet sind.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19746845 | 1997-10-23 | ||
DE19746845A DE19746845C1 (de) | 1997-10-23 | 1997-10-23 | Anordnung eines keramischen Heizelementes als Kochzone in einer Aussparung einer Fläche |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0916899A2 EP0916899A2 (de) | 1999-05-19 |
EP0916899A3 EP0916899A3 (de) | 1999-07-21 |
EP0916899B1 true EP0916899B1 (de) | 2003-06-04 |
Family
ID=7846403
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98119600A Expired - Lifetime EP0916899B1 (de) | 1997-10-23 | 1998-10-16 | Keramisches Heizelement als Kochzone in einer Aussparung einer Fläche |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6050176A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0916899B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPH11218333A (de) |
BR (1) | BR9804042A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2251242A1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19746845C1 (de) |
PL (1) | PL329306A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (38)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19856538C1 (de) * | 1998-12-08 | 2000-05-04 | Schott Glas | Kochanordnung |
US6501053B2 (en) | 2000-07-26 | 2002-12-31 | Maytag Corporation | Control system for an appliance cooktop |
US6297482B1 (en) | 2000-07-26 | 2001-10-02 | Maytag Corporation | Ceramic-based downdraft cooktop having angled front face portion |
DE10052645A1 (de) * | 2000-10-24 | 2002-05-02 | Schott Glas | Topfträger für ein Gas-Kochfeld mit mindestens einem atmosphärischen Gasbrenner |
DE10163839B4 (de) * | 2001-12-22 | 2005-01-05 | AEG Hausgeräte GmbH | Kochmulde, insbesondere Induktionskochmulde |
DE10240147A1 (de) * | 2002-08-30 | 2004-03-11 | BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH | Kochfläche mit Barriere |
US6817355B1 (en) | 2003-06-13 | 2004-11-16 | Maytag Corporation | Gas burner mounting assembly for a cooking appliance having a ceramic-based cooktop |
DE10349818B3 (de) * | 2003-10-24 | 2005-05-04 | Electrolux Home Products Corporation N.V. | Kochfeld |
FR2866872B1 (fr) * | 2004-02-26 | 2006-05-26 | Eurokera | Plaque vitroceramique et son procede de fabrication |
WO2006104825A2 (en) * | 2005-03-25 | 2006-10-05 | Henkel Corporation | Compositions and processes for assembling appliances |
DE102005052274B4 (de) * | 2005-10-27 | 2010-04-08 | E.G.O. Elektro-Gerätebau GmbH | Kochgerät |
US20090095275A1 (en) * | 2007-10-16 | 2009-04-16 | Marlene Duran | Ceramic stove top kit |
ES2333763B1 (es) * | 2007-12-21 | 2011-01-17 | Bsh Electrodomesticos España, S.A. | Dispositivo de blindaje y soporte de bobinas de induccion, inductor para el uso con dicho dispositivo y campo de coccion por induccion con dicho dispositivo. |
JP4519178B2 (ja) | 2008-02-15 | 2010-08-04 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 車両用交流発電機の制御装置 |
US9095005B2 (en) * | 2008-05-20 | 2015-07-28 | Kenyon International, Inc. | Induction cook-top apparatus |
US20090289047A1 (en) * | 2008-05-23 | 2009-11-26 | Hisao Mingjen | Night light assembly |
ATE546694T1 (de) * | 2008-12-03 | 2012-03-15 | Electrolux Home Prod Corp | Regeleinheit und kochherd |
JP5344638B2 (ja) * | 2009-02-11 | 2013-11-20 | ペリーテク カンパニー,リミテッド | 安全装置付き電子レンジ用発熱調理器 |
DE102009035758A1 (de) * | 2009-07-27 | 2011-02-03 | E.G.O. Elektro-Gerätebau GmbH | Bedieneinheit |
EP2378207B1 (de) * | 2010-03-31 | 2017-05-10 | Electrolux Home Products Corporation N.V. | Kochanordnung |
US9072401B2 (en) * | 2010-07-21 | 2015-07-07 | Stearns Product Development, Inc. | Griddle having raised, bun toasting surface |
EP2447605B1 (de) * | 2010-10-27 | 2012-12-05 | Electrolux Home Products Corporation N.V. | Heizelement und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Grundkörpers eines Heizelements |
DE102012219264A1 (de) * | 2011-11-22 | 2013-05-23 | BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH | Hausgerätevorrichtung |
CA151684S (en) * | 2012-03-12 | 2014-03-11 | Bsh Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete | Cooktop |
USD787041S1 (en) | 2015-09-17 | 2017-05-16 | Whirlpool Corporation | Gas burner |
US10837651B2 (en) | 2015-09-24 | 2020-11-17 | Whirlpool Corporation | Oven cavity connector for operating power accessory trays for cooking appliance |
US11777190B2 (en) | 2015-12-29 | 2023-10-03 | Whirlpool Corporation | Appliance including an antenna using a portion of appliance as a ground plane |
US10750903B2 (en) * | 2016-01-24 | 2020-08-25 | Life Project Israel Ltd. | Baking toaster apparatus and method |
US10145568B2 (en) | 2016-06-27 | 2018-12-04 | Whirlpool Corporation | High efficiency high power inner flame burner |
US10551056B2 (en) | 2017-02-23 | 2020-02-04 | Whirlpool Corporation | Burner base |
US10451290B2 (en) | 2017-03-07 | 2019-10-22 | Whirlpool Corporation | Forced convection steam assembly |
US10660162B2 (en) | 2017-03-16 | 2020-05-19 | Whirlpool Corporation | Power delivery system for an induction cooktop with multi-output inverters |
EP3426001B1 (de) * | 2017-07-03 | 2021-04-14 | Electrolux Appliances Aktiebolag | Kochfeld |
US10627116B2 (en) | 2018-06-26 | 2020-04-21 | Whirlpool Corporation | Ventilation system for cooking appliance |
US10619862B2 (en) | 2018-06-28 | 2020-04-14 | Whirlpool Corporation | Frontal cooling towers for a ventilation system of a cooking appliance |
US10837652B2 (en) | 2018-07-18 | 2020-11-17 | Whirlpool Corporation | Appliance secondary door |
NL2022010B9 (nl) * | 2018-11-16 | 2020-07-21 | D N A Machb B V | Werkwijze voor het frituren van een voedselproduct, alsmede een frituur-inrichting |
US20220252271A1 (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2022-08-11 | Electrolux Home Products, Inc. | Silicon nitride melt |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT31879B (de) * | 1906-12-01 | 1908-02-25 | Carl Brauer | Vorrichtung zum selbsttätigen Eintragen von Flaschen u. dgl. von den Arbeitsstellen in die Kühlöfen. |
YU14478A (en) * | 1978-01-23 | 1982-06-30 | Iskra | Electric cooking plate |
DE2933349C2 (de) * | 1979-08-17 | 1984-09-27 | Fischer, Karl, 7519 Oberderdingen | Elektrokochplatte |
DE3126989A1 (de) * | 1981-07-08 | 1983-01-27 | E.G.O. Elektro-Geräte Blanc u. Fischer, 7519 Oberderdingen | Kochplatte |
FR2551940B2 (fr) * | 1983-03-31 | 1989-07-07 | Cuisi Technic Sarl | Corps chauffant electrique, et foyer de cuisson equipe de ce corps chauffant |
DE3545453A1 (de) * | 1985-12-20 | 1987-07-02 | Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete | Heizelement fuer thermische hausgeraete, vorzugsweise fuer kochstellen |
DE4022844C1 (de) * | 1990-07-18 | 1992-02-27 | Schott Glaswerke, 6500 Mainz, De | |
DE4133409C2 (de) * | 1991-10-09 | 1993-10-21 | Schott Glaswerke | Brenneranordnung |
DE59506182D1 (de) * | 1994-09-20 | 1999-07-15 | Ecowatt Produktions Ag | Elektrisches heizelement |
DE4442572C1 (de) * | 1994-11-30 | 1995-09-28 | Schott Glaswerke | Vorrichtung zum Schutz der Ränder von Öffnungen in Formenkörpern aus Glaskeramik, Glas oder Keramik |
DE29702418U1 (de) * | 1997-02-13 | 1997-03-27 | Schott Glaswerke, 55122 Mainz | Kochgerät mit Glaskeramikkochfläche mit Schnellkochzone |
-
1997
- 1997-10-23 DE DE19746845A patent/DE19746845C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-10-16 DE DE59808609T patent/DE59808609D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-10-16 EP EP98119600A patent/EP0916899B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-10-20 JP JP10297700A patent/JPH11218333A/ja active Pending
- 1998-10-21 PL PL98329306A patent/PL329306A1/xx unknown
- 1998-10-22 BR BR9804042-1A patent/BR9804042A/pt active Search and Examination
- 1998-10-22 US US09/176,981 patent/US6050176A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-10-23 CA CA002251242A patent/CA2251242A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2251242A1 (en) | 1999-04-23 |
BR9804042A (pt) | 1999-12-14 |
US6050176A (en) | 2000-04-18 |
DE19746845C1 (de) | 1998-12-03 |
JPH11218333A (ja) | 1999-08-10 |
DE59808609D1 (de) | 2003-07-10 |
EP0916899A2 (de) | 1999-05-19 |
EP0916899A3 (de) | 1999-07-21 |
PL329306A1 (en) | 1999-04-26 |
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