EP0898678B1 - Procede et dispositif d'injection de carburant dans des moteurs multicylindres - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif d'injection de carburant dans des moteurs multicylindres Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0898678B1
EP0898678B1 EP98923988A EP98923988A EP0898678B1 EP 0898678 B1 EP0898678 B1 EP 0898678B1 EP 98923988 A EP98923988 A EP 98923988A EP 98923988 A EP98923988 A EP 98923988A EP 0898678 B1 EP0898678 B1 EP 0898678B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
fuel
common rail
shutoff valve
return
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98923988A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0898678A2 (fr
Inventor
Cornel Stan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Forschungs- und Transferzentrum Ev An Der Westsachsischen Hochschule Zwickau
Original Assignee
Forschungs- und Transferzentrum Ev An Der Westsachsischen Hochschule Zwickau
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19715355A external-priority patent/DE19715355A1/de
Application filed by Forschungs- und Transferzentrum Ev An Der Westsachsischen Hochschule Zwickau filed Critical Forschungs- und Transferzentrum Ev An Der Westsachsischen Hochschule Zwickau
Publication of EP0898678A2 publication Critical patent/EP0898678A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0898678B1 publication Critical patent/EP0898678B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M53/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having heating, cooling or thermally-insulating means
    • F02M53/04—Injectors with heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means
    • F02M53/08—Injectors with heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means with air cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M53/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having heating, cooling or thermally-insulating means
    • F02M53/04—Injectors with heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means
    • F02M53/043—Injectors with heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means with cooling means other than air cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
    • F02M55/02—Conduits between injection pumps and injectors, e.g. conduits between pump and common-rail or conduits between common-rail and injectors
    • F02M55/025—Common rails
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/06—Use of pressure wave generated by fuel inertia to open injection valves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for fuel injection in multi-cylinder engines by generating a fuel admission pressure to deliver the fuel in a flywheel line for the purpose of using the pressure surge principle by means of a shutoff valve in the flywheel line, each injection nozzle assigned to a shutoff valve being supplied with the pressure surge and the fuel not passing the injection nozzle is fed back through the return line in front of the fuel pump via a return line, and a device for carrying out the method.
  • Technical solutions of this type are required above all for fuel injection in internal combustion engines.
  • Preferred areas of application are multi-cylinder gas engines with diesel pilot injection, multi-cylinder diesel engines, multi-cylinder gasoline engines and multi-cylinder engines for the use of alternative power.
  • Multi-cylinder engines are predominantly equipped with fuel pumps that are driven by camshafts.
  • the fuel dose supplied to the working cylinders has a marked speed dependency with regard to the droplet size and the length of the fuel jet.
  • the required maximum pressure is always present in the rail or in the overall system up to the injection nozzles, but this pressure is only required temporarily when fuel is injected due to the opening of one or more electromagnetically controlled injection nozzles.
  • the droplet size and the properties of the fuel jet remain the same regardless of the engine speed.
  • the fuel pre-pressure realized by the pump or pumps with the corresponding adverse energy effects is only used to a small extent.
  • the injection period 40 ms.
  • the injection duration is only a maximum of 2 ms per injection period, which corresponds to an energetic utilization rate of at most 5%.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to overcome the disadvantages of to overcome known prior art.
  • One is aimed for technical solution with high energy efficiency and a low mechanical engineering requirements for a Improvement of the mass / performance and the price / performance ratio in the manufacture of multi-cylinder engines.
  • the object is essentially achieved by the protective features of claims 1 and 10.
  • the method for fuel injection in multi-cylinder engines is characterized in that essentially a single fuel pump delivers the fuel with a pre-pressure into a pre-pressure railchamber common to several engine cylinders, the pre-pressure corresponding to only a fraction of the required injection pressure. If the pre-pressure is exceeded, the fuel is transferred from the pre-pressure railchamber via pressure relief valves to the return railchamber common to several engine cylinders.
  • each Shut-off valve a swing line between the pre-pressure Railchamber and Return railchamber is used.
  • Each shut-off valve is in the each swing line actuated at least one injector.
  • the pressure surge occurring when a shut-off valve is closed is used for the Dosing of the fuel used through the respective injection nozzle.
  • the pressure conditions in the pre-pressure railchamber and in the return railchamber are kept constant with simple means, so that in the swing lines over the entire speed range optimal Flow conditions can be guaranteed. On this The basis is when the shut-off valves are actuated in the respective The pressure surge required for fuel injection via the injection nozzles connected to the respective swing line generated.
  • the method is thereby characterized in that the energy of the in the return railchamber stored fuel is used for the fuel delivery system. This leads to an additional favorable influence on the Energy expenditure for providing the required fuel pressure in the pre-printed Railchamber.
  • the flywheel can be used in conjunction with devices for Vibration damping are operated. This prevents unwanted ones Impairments to the fuel delivery system.
  • swing line, Shut-off valve, vibration damper and injector in one High pressure unit can be summarized per cylinder.
  • This High pressure unit can be covered with a jacket if necessary Engine operated thermally insulated and or by a in the jacket integrated cooling medium can be cooled.
  • the technical solution is also characterized by a device consisting of fuel pumps, flywheel lines with shut-off valves and return lines to the fuel supply system.
  • a pre-pressure railchamber common to at least one fuel pump and at least one flywheel line is arranged for a cylinder group or for all cylinders of the multi-cylinder engine.
  • a return railchamber common to a cylinder group or to all cylinders of the multi-cylinder engine is arranged between the upstream and the return railchamber.
  • each high pressure module you can choose between the pre-pressure Railchamber and Return railchamber one or more injection nozzles can be arranged.
  • shut-off valve and the injection nozzles of a high-pressure unit can constructively in a common component or in several Lines connected components can be arranged.
  • an embodiment of the device is thereby characterized in that one or more on the pre-printed Railchamber Fuel pumps are arranged.
  • a cylinder group or for all cylinders of the multi-cylinder engine common pre-printed Railchamber and one for one Cylinder group or for all cylinders of the multi-cylinder engine common return railchamber as two chambers in one execute common structural unit. If necessary, the Execution of pre-pressure and return railchambers as two chambers a common railchamber in the partition between the Chamber one or more of the hysteresis and vibration free Pressure relief valves ensuring constant upstream pressure arranged.
  • the arrangement of the high-pressure module in a thermal is advantageous insulating sleeve.
  • This sleeve can also be used with a Coolant are operated and has a coolant inlet and a cooling medium drain.
  • the invention makes it possible to combine the design and control of the fuel injection system according to the invention with the advantageous properties of a modern common rail.
  • a common pre-pressure railchamber for all or for individual groups of working cylinders of a multi-cylinder engine as well as controlled valves are operated in a direct functional connection with injection nozzles.
  • a decisive advantage of the solution found is that only a part of about a tenth of the required maximum pressure has to be constantly provided in the pre-pressure railchamber and that the maximum pressure is only a short-term pressure wave immediately before fuel metering via the injection nozzle by controlling the respective shut-off valve in front of one individual or a group of injection nozzles.
  • the system is composed of a pre-pressure module, the pressure supply system, and high pressure modules.
  • the high pressure required is generally 8 to 10 times the pre-pressure.
  • the technical solution according to the invention is implemented in that a pressure accumulator is loaded by the admission pressure generated by a fuel pump, which prevents disruptive pressure fluctuations when the fuel is drawn from this pressure accumulator.
  • the memory is designed as a common component in the form of a pre-pressure railchamber for several high-pressure modules connected to it. Defined opening of the controlled shut-off valves in one high-pressure module causes an acceleration of the fuel in the associated flywheel, which is returned to the return railchamber. The fuel is withdrawn from the fuel pump (s) primarily from the respective return railchamber using the available residual pressure, only the amount of fuel withdrawn from the system via the injection nozzles being withdrawn from the fuel tank. The abrupt closing of the shut-off valves in the respective high-pressure module results in a conversion of the predominant part of the kinetic energy of the fuel in the flow into pressure energy.
  • the pressure increase brought about reaches a multiple of the static admission pressure in the admission pressure railchamber and propagates in the form of a pressure wave in the direction of the individual or more injection nozzles connected to the flywheel of the respective high pressure module, where it can be used for fuel injection.
  • the pressure wave generated is reduced to the level of the pre-pressure generated in order to avoid undesirable reflections and impair the function of the injection system.
  • This form arrives via a supply line in one for all cylinders of the machine common form Railchamber 4, which with an integrated additional fuel fine filter.
  • the pre-pressure Railchamber 4 feeds the high pressure modules for the single working cylinder consisting of the flywheel 11, shut-off valve 10, Vibration damper 9, inclusion of the flywheel 12 and injection nozzle 13 exist.
  • the pre-printed Railchamber 4 not only functions as a Fuel distribution system but because of its dimensions at the same time as Pressure fluctuations reducing pressure accumulator. When open Shut-off valves 10 in the high pressure modules will be under pressure standing fuel in the flywheel 11 accelerates and over a common return Railchamber 6 for all working cylinders Fuel pump 3 returned.
  • the kinetic energy of the river located fuel is by suddenly closing the Electromagnetically operated shut-off valve 10 predominantly in Converted pressure energy, which takes the form of a pressure wave Injection nozzle 13 and the vibration damper 9 to the end of Flywheel 11 continues.
  • Pressure of the pressure wave to avoid unwanted reflections steamed at least to the level of the form.
  • the one in the blast The pressure level to be recorded is average or depends on the injection quantity is approximately 10 times the pre-set pressure and is used for fuel metering in the respective working cylinder the flywheel 11 connected injector 13 used.
  • Between the pre-pressure railchamber 4 and the return railchamber 6 are one Short-circuit line arranged to keep constant vibration of the admission pressure is equipped with a pressure relief valve 5.
  • the in the return railchamber 6 available fuel pressure directly to the fuel pump 3 to the pre-pressure system.
  • an insulating sleeve 7 is arranged, which via a cooling medium inlet 8a and a cooling medium outlet 8b is flowed through with cooling liquid.

Claims (19)

  1. Méthode d'injection de carburant dans des moteurs à combustion interne à plusieurs cylindres, basée sur la génération d'une pression initiale pour alimenter un tuyau d'accélération afin d'engendrer un effet de coup de bélier à l'aide d'une vanne d'impact placée dans le tuyau d'accélération, système dans lequel chaque injecteur relié à une vanne d'impact est alimenté avec des ondes de haute pression obtenues par l'effet du coup de bélier et dans lequel, le combustible qui ne passe pas par l'injecteur reflue par la vanne d'impact ouverte, en traversant un tuyau de retour jusqu'en amont de la pompe de carburant,
       caractérisée en ce que la pompe (3) alimente un tuyau de pression initiale (4) qui est commun à plusieurs cylindres du moteur avec du combustible à une pression initiale qui est beaucoup plus basse que la pression d'injection à réaliser,
       caractérisée en ce que le combustible dont la pression dépasse la valeur de pression initiale ajusté est refoulé du tuyau commun de pression initiale (4) par des vannes de limitation de pression (5) dans un tuyau de retour (6) qui est commun à plusieurs cylindres de moteur;
       caractérisée en ce que pour chaque vanne d'impact (10) est prévu un tuyau d'accélération (11), placé entre le tuyau commun de pression initiale (4) et le tuyau commun de retour (6),
       caractérisée en ce que pour chaque vanne d'impact (10) dans le tuyau d'accélération respectif (11), est utilisé au moins un injecteur (13),
       caractérisée par ce que l'onde de haute pression du combustible obtenue par l'effet du coup de bélier en fermant une vanne d'impact (10) est utilisée pour le dosage du combustible à travers l'injecteur respectif (13),
       caractérisée par ce que le combustible traversant une vanne d'impact (10) ouverte, reflue dans un tuyau de retour (6) qui est commun pour plusieurs cylindres.
  2. Méthode selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'énergie du combustible accumulé dans le tuyau commun de retour (6) est utilisée dans le sous-système d'alimentation avec combustible.
  3. Méthode selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que le tuyau d'accélération (11) est utilisé en combinaison avec des dispositifs d'amortissement (9).
  4. Méthode selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la pression initiale dans le tuyau commun de pression initiale (4) est produite par plusieurs pompes de combustible (3).
  5. Méthode selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que le nombre de pompes de combustible (3) utilisées dépend de la charge exigée par le moteur.
  6. Méthode selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le tuyau d'accélération (11), la vanne d'impact (10), la vanne d'amortissement (9) et l'injecteur (13) sont reliés dans un module de haute pression.
  7. Méthode selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le module de haute pression est thermiquement isolé vers le moteur à combustion interne par un manchon d'isolation ou il est refroidi par un moyen de refroidissement.
  8. Méthode selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la vanne d'impact (10) est actionnée par des moyens électromagnétiques.
  9. Méthode selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la vanne d'impact (10) est actionnée par des moyens mécaniques.
  10. Dispositif pour la réalisation de la méthode décrite dans les revendications de 1 à 9, comportant des pompes de combustible, tuyaux d'accélération avec des vannes d'impact et tuyaux de retour vers le système d'accumulation de combustible,
       caractérisé en ce que, entre une pompe de combustible (3) quelconque et un tuyau d'accélération (11) quelconque, est prévu un tuyau commun de pression initiale (4) pour un groupe de cylindres du moteur ou pour tous les cylindres,
       caractérisé en ce que entre un tuyau d'accélération (11) quelconque et le système d'alimentation avec combustible, est prévu un tuyau commun de retour (6) pour un groupe de cylindres du moteur ou pour tous les cylindres,
       caractérisé en ce que entre le tuyau commun de pression initiale (4) et le tuyau commun de retour (6) sont disposées plusieurs vannes de limitation de pression (5).
  11. Dispositif selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le tuyau d'accélération (11), la vanne d'impact (10), la vanne d'amortissement (9) et l'injecteur (13) sont reliés dans un module de haute pression.
  12. Dispositif selon les revendications 10 ou 11, caractérisé en ce que dans chaque module de haute pression disposé entre le tuyau commun de pression initiale (4) et le tuyau commun de retour (6) sont prévus un ou plusieurs injecteurs.
  13. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications de 10 à 12, caractérisé en ce que la vanne d'impact (10) et les injecteurs (13) d'un module de haute pression sont reliés dans une pièce commune ou sont formés des pièces jointes par des tuyaux.
  14. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications de 10 à 13, caractérisé en ce qu'au tuyau commun de pression initiale (4) sont rattachées une ou plusieurs pompes de combustibles (3).
  15. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications de 10 à 14, caractérisé en ce que dans chaque cylindre du moteur sont disposés un ou plusieurs modules de haute pression.
  16. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications de 10 à 15, caractérisé en ce que le tuyau commun de pression initiale (4) et le tuyau commun de retour (6) qui correspond à un groupe de cylindres du moteur ou à tous les cylindres forment deux chambres d'une seule pièce.
  17. Dispositif selon la revendication 16, caractérisé en ce que dans la configuration du tuyau commun de pression initiale (4) et du tuyau commun de retour (6) comme deux chambres d'une seule pièce, dans la paroi de séparation entre les deux chambres sont disposées une ou plusieurs vannes de limitation de pression (5) qui assurent la valeur constante de pression initiale sans oscillation ou phénomène de hystérésis.
  18. Dispositif selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que le module de haute pression est disposé dans un manchon d'isolation thermique (7).
  19. Dispositif selon les revendications 11 ou 18, caractérisé en ce que le module de haute pression est disposé dans un manchon traversé par un fluide de refroidissement qui est prévu avec un raccord d'admission et un raccord de sortie.
EP98923988A 1997-03-12 1998-03-09 Procede et dispositif d'injection de carburant dans des moteurs multicylindres Expired - Lifetime EP0898678B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19710128 1997-03-12
DE19710128 1997-03-12
DE19715355 1997-04-12
DE19715355A DE19715355A1 (de) 1997-03-12 1997-04-12 Verfahren zur Kraftstoffeinspritzung in Mehrzylinder-Kraftmaschinen und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
PCT/DE1998/000716 WO1998040658A2 (fr) 1997-03-12 1998-03-09 Procede et dispositif d'injection de carburant dans des moteurs multicylindres

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0898678A2 EP0898678A2 (fr) 1999-03-03
EP0898678B1 true EP0898678B1 (fr) 2003-01-15

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EP98923988A Expired - Lifetime EP0898678B1 (fr) 1997-03-12 1998-03-09 Procede et dispositif d'injection de carburant dans des moteurs multicylindres

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US6189508B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP0898678B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2000516684A (fr)
AT (1) ATE231227T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59806913D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998040658A2 (fr)

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US6269804B1 (en) * 2000-04-26 2001-08-07 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Coaxial liquid cooled fuel rail assembly
US6591812B2 (en) * 2000-12-14 2003-07-15 Siemens Diesel Systems Technology Rail connection with rate shaping behavior for a hydraulically actuated fuel injector
DE102004055266A1 (de) * 2004-11-17 2006-05-18 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage mit mehreren Druckspeichern
JP2016114012A (ja) * 2014-12-17 2016-06-23 愛三工業株式会社 燃料供給ユニット

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WO1992014925A2 (fr) * 1991-02-26 1992-09-03 Ficht Gmbh Dispositif d'injection de carburant pour moteurs a combustion interne

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1998040658A2 (fr) 1998-09-17
US6189508B1 (en) 2001-02-20
DE59806913D1 (de) 2003-02-20
JP2000516684A (ja) 2000-12-12
EP0898678A2 (fr) 1999-03-03
WO1998040658A3 (fr) 1999-07-08
ATE231227T1 (de) 2003-02-15

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