EP0898514B1 - Blanchet d'impression reversible - Google Patents
Blanchet d'impression reversible Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0898514B1 EP0898514B1 EP97924070A EP97924070A EP0898514B1 EP 0898514 B1 EP0898514 B1 EP 0898514B1 EP 97924070 A EP97924070 A EP 97924070A EP 97924070 A EP97924070 A EP 97924070A EP 0898514 B1 EP0898514 B1 EP 0898514B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- blanket
- mpa
- layers
- compressible
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41N—PRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
- B41N10/00—Blankets or like coverings; Coverings for wipers for intaglio printing
- B41N10/02—Blanket structure
- B41N10/04—Blanket structure multi-layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41N—PRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
- B41N2210/00—Location or type of the layers in multi-layer blankets or like coverings
- B41N2210/02—Top layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41N—PRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
- B41N2210/00—Location or type of the layers in multi-layer blankets or like coverings
- B41N2210/04—Intermediate layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41N—PRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
- B41N2210/00—Location or type of the layers in multi-layer blankets or like coverings
- B41N2210/14—Location or type of the layers in multi-layer blankets or like coverings characterised by macromolecular organic compounds
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/909—Resilient layer, e.g. printer's blanket
Definitions
- the main subject of the present invention is a reversible printing blanket usable in offset printing machines.
- the current blankets are too specialized and do not can be used in optimal conditions of quality only in very specific cases, so that, well often as many structures of blanket as types and forms of printing to achieve.
- the present invention aims to remedy the disadvantages above by offering a blanket reversible printing whose structural symmetry allows in particular to reduce or even eliminate aforementioned problems, sagging, overheating, paper flow and vibration control.
- the invention relates to a blanket offset printing characterized by at least one layer of compressible material sandwiched between two layers lithographic exterior rendering said blanket reversible.
- this blanket includes two layers of compressible material, these two layers being either isotropic or anisotropic, either one is isotropic and the other is anisotropic.
- a layer unique reinforcement between the two compressible layers of the blanket is interposed a layer unique reinforcement.
- This blanket may also include at least one layer of control of flow rate of the paper to be printed, interposed between the layer compressible and one of the two lithographic layers.
- the blanket according to this invention is further characterized by a layer of flow control of the paper to be printed, interposed between one of the compressible layers and the associated lithographic layer, and by a second layer of flow control of the paper to be printed, interposed between the other compressible layer and the layer lithographic associated with it.
- This blanket is further characterized in that, in the case of a layer of single compressible material, this layer is either a layer of isotropic material having a modulus Young's elasticity of between 0.2 and 50 MPa, i.e. layer of anisotropic material having a modulus of elasticity of Young between 20 and 1000 MPa in a direction parallel to the blanket plane, and between 0.2 and 50 MPa in a direction perpendicular to the plane of said blanket.
- Young's modulus of elasticity is understood between 1.5 and 15 MPa in the case of a layer of material isotropic, and in the case of a layer of material anisotropic, between 200 and 500 MPa for one direction parallel to the blanket plane and between 1.5 and 15 MPa for a direction perpendicular to the blanket plane.
- the blanket according to this invention is further characterized by that at least one of the two layers of material compressible isotropic has a modulus of elasticity of Young between 0.2 and 50 MPa, or at least one two layers of anisotropic compressible material has a Young's modulus of elasticity between 20 and 1000 MPa in a direction parallel to the plane of the blanket, and between 0.2 and 50 MPa in one direction perpendicular to the plane of said blanket.
- Young's modulus of elasticity is understood between 1.5 and 15 MPa for the one or two layers of material compressible isotropic, and for one or both layers in anisotropic material, between 200 and 500 MPa for a direction parallel to the blanket plane and between 1.5 and 15 MPa for a direction perpendicular to this plane.
- the thickness of the compressible layers is between about 0.2 and 0.8 mm.
- the two lithographic layers have a modulus of elasticity Young's identical or different between approximately 1.5 and 50 MPa, while their thickness is identical or different and between approximately 0.05 and 0.4 mm.
- the aforementioned single reinforcing layer has a Young's modulus of elasticity in one direction parallel to the blanket plane between 500 and 10,000 MPa, while its thickness is between about 0.05 and 0.8 mm.
- the single reinforcing layer mentioned above is constituted either by a textile grid or by a single or multi-layer plastic polymer film.
- the blanket of this invention is further characterized in that that the paper flow control layer (s) to print have a Young's modulus of elasticity in a direction parallel to the blanket plane between about 200 and 1000 MPa, while their thickness is between approximately 0.05 and 0.4 mm.
- This blanket is further characterized in that the flow control layers of the paper to be printed are made up of an elastomer reinforced with fibers.
- the layer or layers of compressible material are cellular rubber containing oriented fibers preferably in a direction parallel to the plane blanket, in the case of anisotropic layers.
- a blanket B conforms to the principle of the invention comprises a layer 1 of compressible material in cellular rubber for example, which is taken into sandwich between two exterior lithographic layers 2 and 3.
- blanket B intended for coating for example a offset printing cylinder (not shown) is reversible, i.e. can make prints on a support (not shown) such as for example paper, by one or other of its two faces made up respectively by the lithographic layer 2 and by the lithographic layer 3.
- a support such as for example paper
- the compressible layer 1 can be made of an isotropic material or anisotropic.
- isotropic material is meant a material which exhibits the same behavior, i.e. the same elastic modulus in the three geometric axes x, y and z.
- layer 1 could be consisting of a single layer of cellular rubber, i.e. with a multiplicity of voids, such as identified in 11, according to a number and a distribution any.
- anisotropic compressible material means a material with different elastic moduli in the three axes x, y and z. So the layer compressible 1 could, in this case, consist of cellular rubber containing fibers (not shown) preferably oriented along a direction x parallel to the blanket plane B, like this clearly appears in Figure 5.
- the layer of compressible material 1 is isotropic, it will have a Young's elastic modulus included between about 0.2 and 50 MPa, preferably between 1.5 and 15 MPa.
- layer 1 is a layer of material compressible anisotropic
- it will have a module Young's elasticity between 20 and 1000 MPa, preferably between 200 and 500 MPa, in the direction x parallel to the plane of blanket B, and between 0.2 and 50 MPa, preferably between 1.5 and 15 MPa in a direction y (see Figure 5) perpendicular to the plane of the blanket B.
- the thickness of the layer of isotropic compressible material or anisotropic 1 will be between approximately 0.2 and 0.8 mm.
- the two lithographic layers or surfaces 2 and 3 will have an identical or different Young's modulus of elasticity. This elastic modulus will be between about 1.5 and 50 MPa.
- the thickness of the lithographic layers 2 and 3 may be identical or different, as we can see on the Figure 1 where layer 2 has a thickness greater than that of layer 3, which, as explained above, give blanket B printing qualities different depending for example on the nature of the support to be printed.
- the thickness of lithographic layers 2 and 3 may be between approximately 0.05 and 0.4 mm.
- the layer of compressible material consists of two separate layers 1a and 1b between which is interposed a single reinforcement layer identified in 4.
- the two layers of compressible material 1a, 1b are both isotropic or anisotropic, or one of layers is isotropic material and the other layer is made of an anisotropic material. Young's modulus of elasticity of these two layers 1a and 1b is included in the value intervals given above about the mode of embodiment of FIG. 1 comprising a single layer 1 in isotropic or anisotropic compressible material. Onne therefore will not repeat these values here.
- the lithographic layers or surfaces 2 and 3 have the same or different thickness, as explained in about FIG. 1, this thickness being included, as previously indicated, between approximately 0.05 and 0.4 mm.
- the thickness of the compressible layers 1a and 1b will be between about 0.2 and 0.8 mm, as it was case of the layer of compressible material 1 of the visible in Figure 1.
- the single reinforcing layer 4 interposed between the layers compressible 1a and 1b has a modulus of elasticity of Young in x direction (see figure 5) parallel to the plane blanket B between approximately 500 and 10,000 MPa.
- This reinforcing layer 4 may consist of a textile grid or by a plastic polymer film such as a polyester or polycarbonate film, consisting in one or more layers. Its thickness will between approximately 0.05 and 0.8 mm.
- Such a single reinforcement layer 4 will allow advantageously reductions in the thickness of the blanket as well as cutting them in two directions, this which will maximize the blanket distribution yield rolled up. Indeed the blankets are provided to the distributor in the form of rolls intended to be cut to the format of offset machines, format which is very variable and disparate.
- said blanket is similar to that of FIG. 2, with the addition that it includes a first layer 5 for controlling the flow of the paper to be printed (not shown) interposed between the compressible layer 1a and the layer lithographic 2, while a second layer 6 of flow control of the paper to be printed is interposed between the other compressible layer 1b and the other layer lithographic 3.
- These two layers 5 and 6 of paper flow control have a Young's modulus of elasticity in a direction x parallel to the blanket plane B between about 200 and 1000 MPa.
- the thickness of these two layers may be between about 0.05 and 0.4 mm.
- these two layers 5 and 6 may consist of an elastomer suitable fiber-reinforced.
- the flow control of the paper to printing will be improved due to reversibility or blanket B can be turned over in order to adjust the linear speed of the output paper flow for a given and constant speed of rotation of the printing machine.
- a single layer of paper flow control from a single side of the single reinforcing layer 4, such as the layer 5 or layer 6, could perfectly be provided in the embodiment of Figure 3, without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the claims.
- This layer 7 both with regard to its module of elasticity that its thickness and its constitution, is as defined above with reference to the realization of Figure 3.
- flow control layers paper 5, 6, 7 are made of any polymer material possibly reinforced by fibers or by sheets textiles.
- a blanket was therefore produced according to the invention reversible with two work surfaces allowing produce high quality prints on media different, which was not possible with the blankets of the prior art having only one layer lithographic.
- the blanket according to this invention avoids advantageously to have the printers bear the cost of several blankets for printing different or on different supports, it being understood again that the compromise of features which could be found in a blanket that does only one lithographic layer in order to be able to print with the same print quality of different supports, cannot claim to be satisfactory to obtain the desired print quality on different media.
Landscapes
- Printing Plates And Materials Therefor (AREA)
Description
Claims (16)
- Blanchet d'impression offset caractérisé par au moins une couche de matériau compressible (1,1a,1b) prise en sandwich entre deux couches lithographiques (2, 3) extérieures rendant ledit blanchet (B) réversible.
- Blanchet selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend deux couches (1a, 1b) de matériau compressible, ces deux couches étant soit isotropes, soit anisotropes, soit l'une est isotrope et l'autre est anisotrope.
- Blanchet selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'entre les deux couches compressibles précitées (1a, 1b) est interposée une couche de renfort unique (4).
- Blanchet selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par au moins une couche (7) de contrôle de débit du papier à imprimer, interposée entre la couche compressible (1) et l'une (2) des deux couches lithographiques (2, 3).
- Blanchet selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé par une couche (5) de contrôle de débit du papier à imprimer, interposée entre l'une (1a) des couches compressibles et la couche lithographique (2) qui lui est associée, et par une deuxième couche (6) de contrôle de débit du papier à imprimer, interposée entre l'autre couche compressible (1b) et la couche lithographique (3) qui lui est associée.
- Blanchet d'impression selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la couche (1) de matériau compressible précitée est soit une couche de matériau isotrope ayant un module d'élasticité de Young compris entre 0,2 et 50 MPa, soit une couche de matériau anisotrope ayant un module d'élasticité de Young compris entre 20 et 1000 MPa suivant une direction (x) parallèle au plan du blanchet (B), et entre 0,2 et 50 MPa suivant une direction (y) perpendiculaire au plan du blanchet (B).
- Blanchet d'impression selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le module d'élasticité de Young est compris entre 1,5 et 15 MPa dans le cas d'une couche (1) de matériau isotrope, et dans le cas d'une couche (1) en matériau anisotrope, entre 200 et 500 MPa pour une direction (x) parallèle au plan de blanchet (B) et entre 1,5 et 15 MPa pour une direction (y) perpendiculaire au plan dudit blanchet.
- Blanchet d'impression selon l'une des revendications 2,3 et 5, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins l'une des deux couches (1a, 1b) est soit en un matériau compressible isotrope possèdant un module d'élasticité de Young compris entre 0,2 et 50 MPa, soit en un matériau compressible anisotrope possèdant un module d'élasticité de Young compris entre 20 et 1000 MPa suivant une direction (x) parallèle au plan du blanchet (B), et entre 0,2 et 50 MPa suivant une direction (y) perpendiculaire au plan de blanchet (B).
- Blanchet d'impression selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que le module d'élasticité de Young est compris entre 1,5 et 15 MPa pour la ou les deux couches (1a, 1b) en matériau compressible isotrope, et pour la ou les deux couches (1a, 1b) en matériau anisotrope, entre 200 et 500 MPa pour une direction (x) parallèle au plan du blanchet (B) et entre 1,5 et 15 MPa pour une direction (y) perpendiculaire à ce plan.
- Blanchet d'impression selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'épaisseur de la ou des couches compressibles (1, 1a, 1b) est comprise entre environ 0,2 et 0,8 mm.
- Blanchet d'impression selon la revendication 1, 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que les deux couches lithographiques (2, 3) ont un module d'élasticité de Young identique ou différent compris entre environ 1,5 et 50 MPa, tandis que leur épaisseur est identique ou différente et comprise entre environ 0,05 et 0,4 mm.
- Blanchet d'impression selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la couche de renfort unique précitée (4) possède un module d'élasticité de Young dans une direction (x) parallèle au plan du blanchet (B) compris entre 500 et 10 000 MPa, tandis que son épaisseur est comprise entre environ 0,05 et 0,8 mm.
- Blanchet d'impression selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que la couche de renfort unique précitée (4) est constituée soit par une grille textile soit par un film de polymère plastique mono ou multicouches.
- Blanchet d'impression selon la revendication 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que la ou les couches (5, 6, 7) de contrôle de débit du papier à imprimer ont un module d'élasticité de Young dans une direction (x) parallèle au plan du blanchet (B) comprise entre environ 200 et 1000 MPa, tandis que leur épaisseur est comprise entre environ 0,05 et 0,4 mm.
- Blanchet d'impression selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que la ou les couches (5, 6, 7) de contrôle de débit du papier à imprimer sont constituées par un élastomère renforcé par des fibres.
- Blanchet d'impression selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que la ou les couches (1, 1a, 1b) en matériau compressible sont en caoutchouc cellulaire contenant des fibres orientées préférentiellement suivant une direction (x) parallèle au plan du blanchet (B) dans le cas où lesdites couches sont anisotropes.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9605864 | 1996-05-10 | ||
FR9605864A FR2748421B1 (fr) | 1996-05-10 | 1996-05-10 | Blanchet d'impression reversible |
PCT/FR1997/000831 WO1997043130A1 (fr) | 1996-05-10 | 1997-05-09 | Blanchet d'impression reversible |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0898514A1 EP0898514A1 (fr) | 1999-03-03 |
EP0898514B1 true EP0898514B1 (fr) | 1999-12-22 |
Family
ID=9492029
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97924070A Expired - Lifetime EP0898514B1 (fr) | 1996-05-10 | 1997-05-09 | Blanchet d'impression reversible |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6205922B1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0898514B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP4070149B2 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2966097A (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69700995T2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2748421B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1997043130A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6205920B1 (en) * | 1998-09-24 | 2001-03-27 | Day International, Inc. | Continuous image transfer belt and variable image size offset printing system |
US6389965B1 (en) * | 1999-12-21 | 2002-05-21 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag | Tubular printing blanket with tubular isotropic reinforcing layer |
JP2002059672A (ja) * | 2000-08-18 | 2002-02-26 | Sumitomo Rubber Ind Ltd | オフセット印刷用ブランケット |
JP4388476B2 (ja) * | 2002-10-11 | 2009-12-24 | デイ インターナショナル インコーポレーテッド | 印刷ブランケット、印刷ブランケット及びブランケット胴の腐食及び摩損を減少させる方法 |
JP4041378B2 (ja) * | 2002-10-28 | 2008-01-30 | 株式会社明治ゴム化成 | 印刷用ブランケット |
JP4503938B2 (ja) * | 2003-04-23 | 2010-07-14 | 日本電子精機株式会社 | フレキソ印版用クッション材 |
DE102004021490A1 (de) * | 2004-04-30 | 2005-11-24 | Man Roland Druckmaschinen Ag | Sleeve für eine Druckmaschine |
FR2887490B1 (fr) * | 2005-06-23 | 2008-12-19 | Macdermid Graphic Arts Sas Soc | Blanchet d'impression offset et procede de realisation d'un tel blanchet |
DE102007013611A1 (de) * | 2007-03-22 | 2008-09-25 | Contitech Elastomer-Beschichtungen Gmbh | Drucktuch mit einer nicht dehnbaren Trägerschicht |
EP2070716B1 (fr) | 2007-12-10 | 2013-08-21 | Folex Coating GmbH | Procédé de montage d'un blanchet de caoutchouc en impression offset |
IT1391105B1 (it) | 2008-08-08 | 2011-11-18 | Tyref S R L | Lastra da verniciatura reversibile |
JP6100529B2 (ja) * | 2010-02-23 | 2017-03-22 | ヒューレット−パッカード デベロップメント カンパニー エル.ピー.Hewlett‐Packard Development Company, L.P. | リムーバブルトップブランケット |
US20120132093A1 (en) * | 2010-03-30 | 2012-05-31 | Annan Arraf | Image transfer blanket |
US20130055913A1 (en) * | 2010-05-07 | 2013-03-07 | Ingvar Andersson | Plate cylinder |
IT1401471B1 (it) | 2010-06-28 | 2013-07-26 | Trelleborg Engineered Systems Italy S P A | Armatura per rivestimento di cilindri da stampa con doppio strato comprimibile a base polimerica |
US8677899B2 (en) * | 2011-01-31 | 2014-03-25 | Printing Research, Inc. | Reversible anti-marking jackets and methods of using |
WO2012138138A2 (fr) * | 2011-04-05 | 2012-10-11 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | Composition d'impression et procédé d'impression au moyen de cette composition |
US9346258B2 (en) | 2012-05-02 | 2016-05-24 | Printing Research, Inc. | Method for cleaning anti-marking jackets |
EP3653384A4 (fr) * | 2017-07-14 | 2021-04-21 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Corps de transfert, procédé d'enregistrement d'image et appareil d'enregistrement d'image |
CN111552697B (zh) * | 2020-04-16 | 2023-09-15 | 重庆富民银行股份有限公司 | 一种解决银行核心系统热点账户的高并发处理方法 |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US668919A (en) * | 1900-07-05 | 1901-02-26 | William Gilbert Hill Jr | Blanket for printing-presses. |
US3652376A (en) * | 1969-07-11 | 1972-03-28 | Grace W R & Co | Multi-ply press packing for the impression member in a letter press |
DE2244765C3 (de) * | 1972-09-13 | 1978-07-27 | Continental Gummi-Werke Ag, 3000 Hannover | Drucktuch |
US4034671A (en) * | 1975-01-13 | 1977-07-12 | A. B. Dick Company | Method of using an offset lithographic combination master blanket sheet |
JPS56154089A (en) * | 1980-04-29 | 1981-11-28 | Sumitomo Rubber Ind Ltd | Compressive blanket for printing |
US5006400A (en) * | 1988-12-09 | 1991-04-09 | Day International | Printing blanket construction having nontextured surface |
US5352507A (en) * | 1991-04-08 | 1994-10-04 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Seamless multilayer printing blanket |
FR2689815B1 (fr) * | 1992-04-10 | 1996-05-15 | Rollin Sa | Element en forme de bande sans fin en particulier blanchet d'impression |
US5347927A (en) * | 1993-05-04 | 1994-09-20 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Anisotropic endless printing element and method for making the same |
-
1996
- 1996-05-10 FR FR9605864A patent/FR2748421B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-05-09 AU AU29660/97A patent/AU2966097A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-05-09 US US09/180,239 patent/US6205922B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-05-09 DE DE69700995T patent/DE69700995T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-05-09 JP JP54058797A patent/JP4070149B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-05-09 EP EP97924070A patent/EP0898514B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-05-09 WO PCT/FR1997/000831 patent/WO1997043130A1/fr active IP Right Grant
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2748421A1 (fr) | 1997-11-14 |
DE69700995D1 (de) | 2000-01-27 |
FR2748421B1 (fr) | 1998-06-12 |
DE69700995T2 (de) | 2000-07-27 |
JP4070149B2 (ja) | 2008-04-02 |
US6205922B1 (en) | 2001-03-27 |
WO1997043130A1 (fr) | 1997-11-20 |
JP2000510064A (ja) | 2000-08-08 |
EP0898514A1 (fr) | 1999-03-03 |
AU2966097A (en) | 1997-12-05 |
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