EP0882181B1 - Pressure transformer - Google Patents

Pressure transformer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0882181B1
EP0882181B1 EP97904660A EP97904660A EP0882181B1 EP 0882181 B1 EP0882181 B1 EP 0882181B1 EP 97904660 A EP97904660 A EP 97904660A EP 97904660 A EP97904660 A EP 97904660A EP 0882181 B1 EP0882181 B1 EP 0882181B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hydraulic
pressure
rotor
transformer
accordance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97904660A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0882181A1 (en
Inventor
Peter Augustinus Johannes Achten
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Innas Free Piston BV
Original Assignee
Innas Free Piston BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Innas Free Piston BV filed Critical Innas Free Piston BV
Publication of EP0882181A1 publication Critical patent/EP0882181A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0882181B1 publication Critical patent/EP0882181B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B3/00—Intensifiers or fluid-pressure converters, e.g. pressure exchangers; Conveying pressure from one fluid system to another, without contact between the fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F04B1/20—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block
    • F04B1/2014—Details or component parts
    • F04B1/2042—Valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F04B1/26—Control
    • F04B1/30—Control of machines or pumps with rotary cylinder blocks
    • F04B1/303—Control of machines or pumps with rotary cylinder blocks by turning the valve plate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B2205/00—Fluid parameters
    • F04B2205/09—Flow through the pump

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hydraulic pressure transformer in accordance with the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a hydraulic pressure transformer is known from US-A-4,077,746, Reynolds, in which a hydraulic pressure transformer is used to load a hydraulic accumulator with hydraulic fluid of a higher pressure than the pressure of the hydraulic fluid supplied to the hydraulic transformer.
  • the rotational speed of the rotor is limited by a flow restricting orifice.
  • the objective of the invention is to make a hydraulic pressure transformer with which fluid flows of a first pressure can be converted almost without loss of power into a fluid flow of a second pressure, whereby the first and/or the second pressure may vary indepedently.
  • adjusting means are provided for adjusting the rotative position of the drive means with respect to an opening position of the valves.
  • the first pressure and/or the second pressure can be varied independently without loss of power.
  • a hydraulic apparatus is known with varying displacement capabilities by means of electrically rotating a port plate with two slots that cooperates with the cylinders in the hydraulic apparatus.
  • the aim of rotating the port plate is to vary displacement of the hydraulic apparatus, which aim is different from the problem solved with the apparatus according to the invention.
  • the rotative position of the drive means is adjustable with respect to the housing and the opening position of the valves is fixed with respect to the housing by the adjusting means.
  • This embodiment permits the construction to be simple and affords a quickly reacting adjustment of the pressure ratios; this is partly due to the fact that relatively little force is required for the adjustment, as only the forces in the valves play a role and these forces are much weaker than the forces involved with, for instance, the drive means. This vastly increases the response speed, something that is very important for many applications.
  • the chambers connect via one of at least three channels through a face plate with one of the pipe connections and the rotative position of the face plate in the housing is adjustable.
  • a face plate with one of the pipe connections connects via one of at least three channels through a face plate with one of the pipe connections and the rotative position of the face plate in the housing is adjustable.
  • the face plate in the housing is rotatable with the aid of the adjustment means, thereby making quick adjustments possible with little power requirement.
  • the adjusting means are directed by a control and which is connected to a hydraulic motor
  • the control is connected to a pressure sensor placed in the pipe connection between the hydraulic motor and the hydraulic pressure transformer.
  • control can immediately adjust the setting of the hydraulic pressure transformer to match the motor load, thereby preventing that due to the altered pressure ratio the rotor rotates too quickly or stops, either of which would result in undesirable operating conditions.
  • the invention relates to an improvement of a hydraulic pressure transformer in which the face plate has three channels between which a rib is provided, which rib during rotation of the rotor is able to seal a channel leading to a chamber.
  • This absolute seal is necessary in order to avoid short circuiting between the different pipe connections, and usually the rotor is provided with an extra angle of rotation affording an absolute seal to limit leakage losses.
  • the pressure in the chamber suddenly changes because said channel has a completely different pressure level. This causes a loud noise, which is undesirable.
  • the rib is dimensioned such that the chamber is completely sealed over a rotor rotation of not more than 2°.
  • the dimensions of the ribs are preferably such that a rotation of about 1° seals the openings.
  • the hydraulic pressure transformer in accordance with the invention is assembled on a hydraulic motor and preferably on a linear cylinder. This makes it possible that the pipes between the hydraulic pressure transformer and the motor are short, as a result of which there is less resilience in the oil column, and the hydraulic transient ensuing from the resilience, is prevented as much as possible. Since the hydraulic transient is detrimental to the quiet running of the rotor under the influence of the different oil pressures in the pipe connections, it is the combined assembly which achieves that the rotor runs more quietly in all load situations.
  • the invention is also embodied in a hydraulic system comprising a hydraulic pump for generating a fluid flow having an essentially constant primary pressure and a hydraulic pressure transformer for converting the fluid flow of the primary pressure into a fluid flow of a secondary pressure.
  • the invention also relates to a hydraulic system comprising a hydraulic pump for generating an oil flow at its outlet, at least one user connected to the hydraulic pump and a tank for receiving the used oil from the user.
  • a hydraulic transformer is connected to the inlet of the hydraulic pump, the tank and the outlet of the hydraulic pump and is adjusted for providing an oil pressure at the inlet of the hydraulic pump which is higher than the pressure in the tank. Due to the fact that the hydraulic transformer reacts immediately to fluid being drawn in by the pump, and the rotor, due to the reduction of the pressure, immediately reaches full revolutions as a result of the altered pressure ratios, no additional control is required, and a relatively low-cost, no-loss oil supply is achieved.
  • Figure 1 shows a first embodiment of a hydraulic transformer.
  • a shaft 4 is supported by a bearing 2 and a bearing 12.
  • the bearing 2 is fixed in a housing 3, by means of a lid 1
  • the bearing 12 is fixed in a housing 11, by means of a lid 13.
  • the housing 3 and the housing 11 are assembled in known manner.
  • the shaft 4 is provided with splines 5 for coupling a rotor 26 and a rotating sealing plate 21 slidably in the direction of the shaft 4.
  • the rotor 26 is provided with nine cylinder bores 25 in which a sealing plug 23 is sealingly provided between the rotating sealing plate 21 and the rotor 26.
  • Each bore 25 is provided with a piston 27 which has a piston shoe 28 supported by a tilting plate 29.
  • the piston 27 together with the bore 25 form a volume-variable pump chamber 24 connected by means of a channel 22 with an opening 19 in a face plate 20.
  • the face plate 20 is provided with three openings 19, each connecting to an opening in a stationary sealing plate 18 fixed in the housing 11 and having a key peg 17 to ensure that each of the three openings in the stationary sealing plate 18 are positioned for a pressure connection 16.
  • the face plate 20 is rotatably mounted on the shaft 4 by means of a bearing 6.
  • the circumference of the face plate 20 is provided with toothing engaging the toothing on a pinion shaft 7.
  • the pinion shaft 7 is mounted in bearings 8 and can be rotated by means of a lever 10 which is movable by means of an adjusting mechanism 9.
  • the openings 19 are separated from each other by a rib 32, the first opening 19 being connected with a high-pressure channel 30, the second opening 19 to an effective-pressure channel 31 and the third opening 19 to a low-pressure channel 33.
  • the appliance incorporates all the known measures and construction details know from conventional hydraulic components such as pumps. This involves, for instance, the measures necessary for greasing and leakage oil drainage. Sealing at the face plate 20 between the rotor 21 and the housing is also carried out in the usual manner.
  • the area of the opening 19 at the side of the compressed air connection 16 is larger than at the side of the pump chambers 24. This can be done in the manner shown in Figure 2 at 35, by narrowing the rib 32 at the side of the pressure connection 16 plus the openings may optionally be widened.
  • Figure 3 shows an alternative embodiment of the place flate 20, in which instead of rotating the face plate 20, a movable rib 34 is used.
  • the shaft 4 may be connected in the conventional manner with a sensor (not shown) measuring the direction and speed of the rotor's rotation, which data are processed in a control (not shown) and which controls the position of the face plate 20.
  • the control of the hydraulic transformer functions such that the energy supplied to the rotor 26, that is to say the product of pressure and volume flow, corresponds with the energy taken from the rotor 26, possibly of a different pressure and volume flow, the difference in the volume flow being supplied or removed via a third, usually low pressure level.
  • the forces exerted on the rotor must be in balance, similarly, the mass balance of the fluid flows must be appropriate, both depending on the adjustment of the face plate.
  • Figures 4 to 9 show the various situations of use of the hydraulic transformer with the relevant adjustments of the face plate 20 and the openings 19, where in Figures 4 and 7 an effective pressure P N and a high pressure P H are about the same, in Figures 5 and 8 the effective pressure P N is lower than the high pressure P H and in the Figures 6 and 9 the effective pressure P N is about the same as a low pressure P L .
  • the various pump chambers 24 are indicated by A-I, while the line 29' indicates the influence of the tilting plate 29 on the volume of the pump chamber 24 and 8 in a maximum stroke.
  • the direction of movement ⁇ indicates the movement of the pump chambers 24 along the tilting plate 29 when oil is supplied at the P N side.
  • face plate 20 is drawn with the rib between the openings 19. As shown, the rib is larger than the diameter of the chamber opening 22, so that during a small portion of the rotation, being in total twice an angle ⁇ , the chamber is sealed.
  • This angle ⁇ measures preferably 0.5 degrees in order to prevent hydraulic transient and cavitation. For special applications this angle a may be increased to about 1 degree.
  • pistons are movable in a cylinder and they move in the direction parallel to the rotation shaft.
  • the invention can also be applied in other configurations of pistons and cylinders such as, for instance, where the piston's direction of movement forms an angle with or runs perpendicular to the rotation shaft. It is also possible to have the pistons and cylinders move eccentrically in relation to each other.
  • the face plate shown in the embodiment is provided with three openings and there are three pressure connections. In special applications it is also possible to use the four or more pressure connections, there will then also be more openings.
  • the face plate having three openings it is also possible to apply multiples of three, such as six openings.
  • multiples of three such as six openings.
  • the face plate there are also other possibilities for sealing the channels to the pump chambers, such as, for instance, by means of electrically operated valves which are controlled by the rotation of the rotor.
  • pistons are moved in and out of the pump chambers by means of a tilting plate.
  • hydraulic transformer in parallel with the various embodiments existing of hydraulic pumps, in which the pistons are moved by means of cam disks or by a forced movement between the housing and the rotor.
  • the invention is also applicable if the volume of the pump chambers is varied by other means.
  • hydraulic transformers with pump chambers similar to the chambers used in vanes pumps.
  • Figure 11 shows a hydraulic transformer 50 in which the pistons and the rotor containing the pump chambers rotate around different shafts so that the volume of the pump chambers varies when the rotor rotates.
  • the rotation position of the face plate in relation to the housing can be adjusted with the aid of a shaft 54, thereby adjusting the pressure balance in the hydraulic transformer.
  • the hydraulic transformer is provided with a high-pressure connection 51, where a fluid flow Q H flows into the hydraulic transformer under a pressure P H .
  • a fluid flow Q N leaves the hydraulic transformer under a pressure of P H at an effective pressure connection 52.
  • the energy content of both flows is the same, therefore if P H > P N then Q H ⁇ Q N .
  • the pressure ratios are adjusted by rotation of the shaft 54.
  • This shaft can be moved by means of a control system; it is also possible to maintain a fixed setting, so that the pressure ratio between P H , P N and P L is fixed.
  • Figure 12 shows the kind of face plate 57 used in the hydraulic transformer 50 in Figure 11.
  • the face plate 57 is provided with three openings 55 separated by ribs 58 having a sealing edge 56.
  • the face plate 57 can be rotated around its axis by means of the shaft 54.
  • FIG 13 shows an application of a hydraulic transformer 61.
  • a pump 60 By means of a pump 60, oil is brought up to a pressure p1, p1 being for instance, 400 bar.
  • This pressure is particularly suitable for a hydraulic motor 62 which can be operated by means of a valve 66 and/or by means of the adjustment of the stroke volume which may be available in the motor. Fluctuations in the oil pressure are absorbed by an accumulator 64.
  • a linear drive 63 is suitable for a maximum pressure p2, p2 being for instance 180 bar. The linear drive 63 is operated by a valve 66 and an accumulator 65 is provided for the absorption of pressure fluctuations in the pressure p2.
  • a hydraulic transformer 61 is applied, which hydraulic transformer may have a fixed setting, and may react without any further control to the fluid flow taken up by the linear cylinder. If the cylinder speed has to remain within certain limits, the hydraulic transformer 61 may be provided with a control.
  • FIG 14 shows another application of a hydraulic transformer 72.
  • a high-speed pump 70 has a suction pressure p4 and an outlet pressure p3.
  • the suction pressure p4 always has to be higher than a certain value, for instance 5 bar, as otherwise cavitation will develop in the pump 70.
  • the suction pressure p4 is provided by a hydraulic transformer 72 which ensures that the pressure p3 is converted into said suction pressure p4 with oil being supplied from a tank 73.
  • a small accumulator 75 is placed between the pump 70 and the hydraulic transformer 72 to level out the pressure fluctuations.
  • Several users 71 can be accommodated at the pressure side of the pump, while the hydraulic transformer 72 can also react to the changing volume flow if the pump has a controllable delivery. Between the pump 70 and the hydraulic transformer 72 an accumulator 74 is placed.
  • Another application is lifting a variable load by means of a hydraulic cylinder to which the energy is supplied under a constant high pressure and used under a varying pressure.
  • the setting of the face plate 20 may be calculated in regard to the desired movement. It is also possible after reversal of the direction of movement, to reconvert the energy released through the effect of the load into a higher pressure than the pressure prevailing in the hydraulic cylinder and to recover said energy for reuse.
  • the hydraulic transformer has always been presented as a separate unit.
  • the hydraulic transformer may be combined with a hydraulic motor. This improves the ability to accommodate load fluctuations, while at the same time the different hydraulic motors are, linearly of rotatingly, connected with a fluid network having a constant high pressure.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Motors (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)
  • Measuring Pulse, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure Or Blood Flow (AREA)
  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
EP97904660A 1996-02-23 1997-02-24 Pressure transformer Expired - Lifetime EP0882181B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL1002430A NL1002430C2 (nl) 1996-02-23 1996-02-23 Inrichting voor het opwekken, gebruiken of transformeren van hydraulische energie.
NL1002430 1996-02-23
PCT/NL1997/000084 WO1997031185A1 (en) 1996-02-23 1997-02-24 Pressure transformer

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0882181A1 EP0882181A1 (en) 1998-12-09
EP0882181B1 true EP0882181B1 (en) 2002-05-29

Family

ID=19762376

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97904660A Expired - Lifetime EP0882181B1 (en) 1996-02-23 1997-02-24 Pressure transformer

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (2) US6116138A (ja)
EP (1) EP0882181B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP4082732B2 (ja)
AT (1) ATE218192T1 (ja)
DE (1) DE69712870T2 (ja)
ES (1) ES2175344T3 (ja)
NL (1) NL1002430C2 (ja)
WO (1) WO1997031185A1 (ja)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007016517A1 (de) 2007-04-05 2008-10-09 Muller, Katherina Hydrostatischer Fahrantrieb
WO2012153059A1 (fr) * 2011-05-09 2012-11-15 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Systeme de moteur pompe hydraulique a amplification de pression debrayable

Families Citing this family (75)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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KR102126360B1 (ko) 2012-12-19 2020-06-24 이턴 코포레이션 유압 시스템용 제어 시스템 및 에너지를 회수하고 유압 시스템 부하를 평준화하는 방법
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CN103671304B (zh) * 2013-12-23 2015-11-04 哈尔滨理工大学 一种集成式液压变压器
CN104482159B (zh) * 2014-12-31 2017-02-08 太原科技大学 一种静液压变矩器
WO2016122010A1 (ko) * 2015-01-27 2016-08-04 볼보 컨스트럭션 이큅먼트 에이비 유압 제어 시스템
WO2017070539A1 (en) * 2015-10-23 2017-04-27 Aoi (Advanced Oilfield Innovations, Dba A.O. International Ii, Inc.) Prime mover system and methods utilizing balanced flow within bi-directional power units
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CN106286433B (zh) * 2016-11-03 2017-10-24 太原科技大学 一种具有摆动斜盘和转动配流盘的液压变压器
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ES2175344T3 (es) 2002-11-16
EP0882181A1 (en) 1998-12-09
NL1002430C2 (nl) 1997-08-26
JP2000504809A (ja) 2000-04-18
DE69712870T2 (de) 2002-12-12
ATE218192T1 (de) 2002-06-15
JP4082732B2 (ja) 2008-04-30
US6116138A (en) 2000-09-12
WO1997031185A1 (en) 1997-08-28
DE69712870D1 (de) 2002-07-04
US6575076B1 (en) 2003-06-10

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