EP0851450A2 - Fehlerstrom-Schutzschalter - Google Patents
Fehlerstrom-Schutzschalter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0851450A2 EP0851450A2 EP97810920A EP97810920A EP0851450A2 EP 0851450 A2 EP0851450 A2 EP 0851450A2 EP 97810920 A EP97810920 A EP 97810920A EP 97810920 A EP97810920 A EP 97810920A EP 0851450 A2 EP0851450 A2 EP 0851450A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- circuit breaker
- breaker according
- residual current
- release system
- current circuit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
- H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
- H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
- H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
- H01H71/32—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H2009/0083—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00 using redundant components, e.g. two pressure tubes for pressure switch
Definitions
- the invention is based on a residual current circuit breaker (Fl circuit breaker) according to the preamble of claim 1.
- a Fl circuit breaker essentially contains a tripping system with a general current transformer trained residual current sensor and one mainly as a magnetic release executed trigger, a contact arrangement arranged in a circuit and a drive system, preferably designed as a switching lock, for opening the Contact arrangement when a fault current occurs in the circuit.
- the invention relates to a prior art of FI switches, as in Special print from “etz” Issue No. 13 (1984) "Residual current circuit breaker: constructive Solutions, development trends and principles for your applications " Dr.J.Feitknecht c / o CMC, Schaffhausen.
- Fl circuit breakers described in technology generally have mains voltage-independent Magnetic release, but can also be used with electronic Triggers with a mains-powered amplifier and the amplifier downstream trigger magnets. According to the above State of the art is likely the failure probability of commercially available Fl circuit breakers are 1 to 3% after years of use.
- the object of the invention is as set out in the claims based on creating a Fl switch, which is relatively simple construction and a high level of responsiveness characterized by great reliability.
- the Fl circuit breaker according to the invention is easy to manufacture or easy available components, requires very little to safely switch off low residual current signals and is nevertheless characterized by a compared to commercially available available available Fl circuit breakers significantly increased reliability. This is mainly due to the fact that the redundancy of the Fl circuit breaker after the Invention by at least two independently operating trigger systems and / or drives is increased. If one of the two trigger systems fails, this occurs another or possibly even a third trigger system in its place. Falls one of the two drives, if provided, exits, the other of the two drives in place of the defective drive. Another increase in Redundancy is achieved when both at least two are independent of each other working trigger systems as well as at least two independently of each other working drives are provided.
- a Fl circuit breaker according to the Invention from if the trigger systems and / or the at least two drives after different technologies are trained.
- contains a Primary release system a magnetic release, so it can break even if the neutral conductor of the circuit to be protected are still safely switched off.
- Is in one Secondary release system provided an electronic release, so can in particularly easy due to atmospheric influences, such as oxidation, corrosion or moisture, impairment of the Fl circuit breaker be significantly reduced.
- the Fl circuit breaker according to the invention can then Switch off with great certainty even after years in an aggressive atmosphere.
- each trip system is preferably a summation current transformer trained separate fault current sensor.
- R denotes one or more live conductors L 1 , L 2 , L 3 , .... and N a neutral conductor of a single-phase or multi-phase electrical low-voltage network. These two conductors supply electrical energy to a consumer arranged in a circuit, not shown. If a fault current, such as a ground current, occurs in this circuit, for example as a result of defective insulation, this fault current is detected by two summation current transformers 1, 2 of an FI circuit breaker that act as fault current sensors.
- Each of the summation current transformers 1, 2 forms an output signal which is fed from the summation current transformer 1 to a trigger 3 and from the summation current transformer 2 to a trigger 4.
- Total current transformer 1 and trigger 3 form a primary trip system.
- Total current transformer 2 and trigger 4 form a secondary release system. Both release systems act on a common input element 5 of a drive system designed as a switch lock 6.
- the switch lock 6 in turn acts on a contact arrangement 7 of the Fl circuit breaker.
- the Fl circuit breaker also contains a test circuit, not shown, with which the two tripping systems can be activated. If necessary, displays are also provided for signaling the function of the primary and secondary release systems. Another display can respond if the primary trip system does not respond when a fault current occurs.
- Triggers 3 and 4 are designed using different technologies.
- the Trigger 3 is a magnetic trigger.
- the trigger 4 acts largely electronically and contains a mains-fed amplifier and evaluation circuit 8 and one of the amplifier and evaluation circuit 8 downstream, acting electromechanically Tripping element, for example an electromagnet 9 with a closable magnetic circuit.
- the amplifier and evaluation circuit can be self-monitored be equipped and can also be a function of Residual current delaying delay element included.
- the delay time of the Delay element is advantageously dimensioned larger than the response time of the Primary release system, since it is then ensured that the secondary release system only responds when the primary release system fails (effect of the secondary release system as a backup system).
- the primary trip system may contain also a passive one that acts as a tripping delay independent of the mains voltage Network.
- the total current transformer 2 is shown omitted.
- the total current transformer 1 then has two signal outputs, one of which is in the magnetic release 3 and another in the amplifier and evaluation circuit 8 of the electronic acting trigger 4 feeds.
- the summation current transformers 1 and 2 (Fig.1) or are via the two outputs of the summation current transformer 1 (Fig.2) Residual current signals in the primary as well as in the secondary trip system fed.
- the magnetic trigger 3 shown in FIG. 3 triggers and rotates with it Anchor 10, which is guided upward, is the input member 5, which is designed as a ratchet lever 11 the key switch 6 clockwise around a fixed axis.
- Anchor 10 which is guided upward, is the input member 5, which is designed as a ratchet lever 11 the key switch 6 clockwise around a fixed axis.
- One on Pawl lever attached pawl then gives a rotatable around a fixed axis stored and with a biasing force counterclockwise against the pawl guided lever 12 free.
- the biasing force is generated by a compression spring 13.
- This One end of the spring acts on a contact piece which is rotatable about a fixed axis 14 of the contact arrangement 7 and with the other end via a toggle lever system 15 on the lever 12 and on a hand lever rotatable about a fixed axis 16.
- the hand lever 16 and that Contact piece 14 in the position shown in dashed lines in Figure 3, in which the Fl circuit breaker opened and the fault current is switched off.
- the trigger 4 responds with the predetermined time delay.
- an in the Amplifier and evaluation circuit 8 formed powerful trigger signal to the Electromagnet 9 out. With this signal the open magnetic circuit of the Electromagnets closed and via an armature 17 moved here on the as Input member 5 of the switching lock acting latch lever.
- the redundancy of the Fl circuit breaker according to FIGS. 1 to 3 additionally increased in that the primary release system to the key switch 6 and the secondary release system to one of them independent key switch 18 acts. If, for example, the switch lock 6 fails, then switch lock 18 is activated via the delayed responsive secondary release system open. Even greater redundancy can be achieved by both the primary as well as the secondary release system to both switch locks 6, 18 act.
- the trigger 3 is followed by a mechanical power amplifier 19. 6 this amplifier has a spring-loaded one-armed lever 20 with one the input member 5 acting free end and a two-armed latch lever 21st with a short and a long arm.
- the long arm of the pawl lever 21 acts with an output of the magnetic trigger 3 and the short designed as a pawl 22 Arm together with the free end of the spring-loaded lever 20.
- On the input link 5 also acts the armature 17 of the electromagnet 9.
- the input element 5 is part of a mechanical power amplifier 23, which part of the key switch 6. 6, the amplifier 23 has one a spring 24 loaded, two-armed ratchet lever 25. A shorter one both arms carries one cooperating with the lever 12 of the switch lock 6 Pawl 26. The longer of both arms of the pawl lever 25 forms the input member 5.
- Embodiments first activated the armature 10 of the magnetic release 3 and counter guided the long arm of the ratchet lever 21.
- the pawl lever 21 moves in the Clockwise. Since the pawl is attached to the short arm of the pawl lever 21, can the pawl 22 trigger the lever 20 loaded with a strong spring 27.
- the lever 20 now acts with a compared to the mechanical output signal of the magnetic release 3 significantly increased force on the input member 5 of the amplifier 23.
- the input member 5 forms the longer arm of the ratchet lever 25, the on shorter arm 24 of the pawl lever 25 acting as a pawl 26 acting spring 24 strong be dimensioned and the lever 12 of the switch 6 the pawl 26 with a large Apply preload.
- the spring 13 can therefore be made extremely strong and thus enables safe operation of the key switch 6.
- the trigger speaks with the predetermined time delay 4 on.
- a sufficiently strong trigger signal is generated which is sufficient to to open the pawl 26 via the input member 5 and to trigger the switching lock 6.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Breakers (AREA)
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- 1, 2
- Summenstromwandler
- 3, 4
- Auslöser
- 5
- Eingangsglied
- 6
- Schaltschloss
- 7
- Kontaktanordnung
- 8
- Verstärker- und Auswerteschaltung
- 9
- Elektromagnet
- 10
- Anker
- 11
- 11 Klinkenhebel
- 12
- Hebel
- 13
- Feder
- 14
- Kontaktstück
- 15
- Kniehebelsystem
- 16
- Handhebel
- 17
- Anker
- 18
- Schaltschloss
- 19
- mechanischer Kraftverstärker
- 20, 21
- Klinkenhebel
- 22
- Klinke
- 23
- mechanischer Kraftverstärker
- 24
- Feder
- 25
- Klinkenhebel
- 26
- Klinke
- 27
- Feder
Claims (12)
- Fehlerstrom-Schutzschalter enthaltend mindestens einen Fehlerstromsensor (1, 2), ein Primärauslösesystem mit einem Magnetauslöser (3), ein unabhängig vom Primärauslösesystem arbeitendes Sekundärauslösesystem, das nach einer anderen Technologie ausgebildet ist als das Primärauslösesystem, eine in einem ein- oder mehrphasigen Stromkreis (R, N) angeordnete Kontaktanordnung (7) und ein beim Auftreten eines Fehlerstroms vom Primär- oder Sekundärauslösesystem auslösbares und auf die Kontaktanordnung (7) wirkendes Antriebssystem (6, 18), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem Magnetauslöser (3) ein mechanischer Kraftverstärker (19) nachgeschaltet ist und/oder dass das Antriebssystem mit zwei unabhängig voneinander arbeitenden und vorzugsweise jeweils als Schaltschloss (6, 18) ausgeführten Antrieben versehen ist.
- Fehlerstrom-Schutzschalter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem Magnetauslöser (3) ein als netzspannungsunabhängige Auslöseverzögerung wirkendes passives Netzwerk vorgeschaltet ist.
- Fehlerstrom-Schutzschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der mechanische Kraftverstärker (19) einen federbelasteten Hebel (20) mit einem auf ein Eingangsglied (5) des Antriebssystems wirkenden freien Ende aufweist sowie einen zweiarmigen Klinkenhebel (21) mit einem kurzen und mit einem langen Arm, dessen langer Arm mit einem Ausgang des Magnetauslösers (3) und dessen als Klinke (22) ausgebildeter kurzer Arm mit dem freien Ende des federbelasteten Hebels (20) zusammenwirkt.
- Fehlerstrom-Schutzschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im mindestens einen Sekundärauslösesystem ein elektronisch wirkender Auslöser (4) vorgesehen ist.
- Fl-Schutzschalter nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der elektronisch wirkende Auslöser (4) eine netzgespeiste Verstärker- und Auswerteschaltung (8) enthält mit einem vorzugsweise in Funktion des Fehlerstroms verzögernden Verzögerungselement.
- Fehlerstrom-Schutzschalter nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verzögerungszeit des Verzögerungselementes grösser bemessen ist als die Ansprechzeit des Primärauslösesystems.
- Fehlerstrom-Schutzschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Primärauslösesystem und das mindestens eine Sekundärauslösesystem auf ein als Klinkenhebel (11, 25) ausgebildetes Eingangsglied des Antriebssystems wirken.
- Fehlerstrom-Schutzschalter nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Klinkenhebel (25) Teil eines mechanischen Verstärkers (23) ist.
- Fehlerstrom-Schutzschalter nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Klinkenhebel (25) mit einer Feder (24) belastet und zweiarmig ausgebildet ist, wobei ein kürzerer beider Arme eine mit einem vorgespannten Hebel (12) zusammenwirkende Klinke (26) trägt und ein längerer beider Arme das Eingangsglied (5) des Antriebssystems bildet.
- Fehlerstrom-Schutzschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Primärauslösesystem und das mindestens eine Sekundärauslösesystem jeweils auf einen der zwei Antriebe wirken.
- Fehlerstrom-Schutzschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Primärauslösesystem einen vorzugsweise als Summenstromwandler (1) ausgebildeten ersten Fehlerstromsensor und das mindestens eine Sekundärauslösesystem mindestens einen vorzugsweise ebenfalls als Summenstromwandler (2) ausgebildeten zweiten Fehlerstromsensor aufweist.
- Fehlerstrom-Schutzschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Primärauslösesystem und das mindestens eine Sekundärauslösesystem einen vorzugsweise als Summenstromwandler (1) ausgebildeten gemeinsamen Fehlerstromsensor aufweisen.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19654469 | 1996-12-27 | ||
DE19654469A DE19654469A1 (de) | 1996-12-27 | 1996-12-27 | Fehlerstrom-Schutzschalter |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0851450A2 true EP0851450A2 (de) | 1998-07-01 |
EP0851450A3 EP0851450A3 (de) | 1999-03-31 |
EP0851450B1 EP0851450B1 (de) | 2005-04-27 |
Family
ID=7816287
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97810920A Expired - Lifetime EP0851450B1 (de) | 1996-12-27 | 1997-11-27 | Fehlerstrom-Schutzschalter |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0851450B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE294450T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19654469A1 (de) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0977234A2 (de) * | 1998-07-28 | 2000-02-02 | ABBPATENT GmbH | Auslöseeinrichtung für einen Fehlerstromschutzschalter und Schaltungsanordnung zur Ansteuerung derselben |
EP0981148A2 (de) * | 1998-08-17 | 2000-02-23 | CMC Carl Maier + Cie AG | Auslösevorrichtung für einen Schutzschalter, Insbesondere einen Fehlerstrom-Schutzschalter |
EP2107662A2 (de) * | 2008-04-04 | 2009-10-07 | Doepke Schaltgeräte GmbH & Co. KG | Fehlerstrom Schutzschalter Vorrichtung |
WO2013079329A1 (de) * | 2011-12-02 | 2013-06-06 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Schaltgeräteauslöseeinrichtung |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19735416A1 (de) * | 1997-08-14 | 1999-02-18 | Siemens Ag | Schutzeinrichtung |
DE10246478B4 (de) * | 2002-09-27 | 2005-03-03 | Siemens Ag | Elektronischer Auslöser für Niederspannungs-Leistungsschalter mit Eigenüberwachungsfunktionen |
DE102013207141A1 (de) * | 2013-04-19 | 2014-10-23 | Bender Gmbh & Co. Kg | Allstromsensitive Fehlerstrom-Schutzeinrichtung (RCD) mit Parameterkonfiguration |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3823101A1 (de) * | 1988-07-07 | 1990-01-11 | Siemens Ag | Redundante ausloeseeinrichtung |
DE3907148A1 (de) * | 1989-03-06 | 1990-09-13 | Siemens Ag | Fehlerstromschutzschalter in kombination mit differenzstromausloeser |
DE4406496A1 (de) * | 1994-02-28 | 1995-08-31 | Siemens Ag | Fehlerstromschutzschalter |
DE19514641A1 (de) * | 1995-04-20 | 1996-10-24 | Kopp Heinrich Ag | Fehlerstromschutzschalter |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3823098A1 (de) * | 1988-07-07 | 1990-01-11 | Siemens Ag | Einrichtung zum schutz vor fehlerstroemen |
AT404771B (de) * | 1990-02-19 | 1999-02-25 | Felten & Guilleaume Ag Oester | Schaltschloss für einen fehlerstromschutzschalter |
-
1996
- 1996-12-27 DE DE19654469A patent/DE19654469A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1997
- 1997-11-27 AT AT97810920T patent/ATE294450T1/de active
- 1997-11-27 EP EP97810920A patent/EP0851450B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-27 DE DE59712285T patent/DE59712285D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3823101A1 (de) * | 1988-07-07 | 1990-01-11 | Siemens Ag | Redundante ausloeseeinrichtung |
DE3907148A1 (de) * | 1989-03-06 | 1990-09-13 | Siemens Ag | Fehlerstromschutzschalter in kombination mit differenzstromausloeser |
DE4406496A1 (de) * | 1994-02-28 | 1995-08-31 | Siemens Ag | Fehlerstromschutzschalter |
DE19514641A1 (de) * | 1995-04-20 | 1996-10-24 | Kopp Heinrich Ag | Fehlerstromschutzschalter |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
J]RG FEITKNECHT: "Fehlerstrom-Schutzschalter-Konstruktive Lösungen" ETZ, Bd. 105, Nr. 13, Juli 1984, Seiten 666-671, XP002089938 * |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0977234A2 (de) * | 1998-07-28 | 2000-02-02 | ABBPATENT GmbH | Auslöseeinrichtung für einen Fehlerstromschutzschalter und Schaltungsanordnung zur Ansteuerung derselben |
EP0977234A3 (de) * | 1998-07-28 | 2000-11-15 | ABBPATENT GmbH | Auslöseeinrichtung für einen Fehlerstromschutzschalter und Schaltungsanordnung zur Ansteuerung derselben |
EP0981148A2 (de) * | 1998-08-17 | 2000-02-23 | CMC Carl Maier + Cie AG | Auslösevorrichtung für einen Schutzschalter, Insbesondere einen Fehlerstrom-Schutzschalter |
EP0981148A3 (de) * | 1998-08-17 | 2000-08-09 | CMC Carl Maier + Cie AG | Auslösevorrichtung für einen Schutzschalter, Insbesondere einen Fehlerstrom-Schutzschalter |
EP2107662A2 (de) * | 2008-04-04 | 2009-10-07 | Doepke Schaltgeräte GmbH & Co. KG | Fehlerstrom Schutzschalter Vorrichtung |
EP2107662A3 (de) * | 2008-04-04 | 2010-03-31 | Doepke Schaltgeräte GmbH & Co. KG | Fehlerstrom Schutzschalter Vorrichtung |
WO2013079329A1 (de) * | 2011-12-02 | 2013-06-06 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Schaltgeräteauslöseeinrichtung |
US9548175B2 (en) | 2011-12-02 | 2017-01-17 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Switching-device tripping apparatus |
RU2613329C2 (ru) * | 2011-12-02 | 2017-03-16 | Сименс Акциенгезелльшафт | Устройство защитного отключения коммутационного прибора |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0851450B1 (de) | 2005-04-27 |
DE19654469A1 (de) | 1998-07-02 |
ATE294450T1 (de) | 2005-05-15 |
EP0851450A3 (de) | 1999-03-31 |
DE59712285D1 (de) | 2005-06-02 |
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