Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D17/00—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which a stationary intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is contacted successively by each heat-exchange medium, e.g. using granular particles
  • F28D17/02—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which a stationary intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is contacted successively by each heat-exchange medium, e.g. using granular particles using rigid bodies, e.g. of porous material
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
  • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
  • F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
  • F23G7/061—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating
  • F23G7/065—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel
  • F23G7/066—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel preheating the waste gas by the heat of the combustion, e.g. recuperation type incinerator
  • F23G7/068—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel preheating the waste gas by the heat of the combustion, e.g. recuperation type incinerator using regenerative heat recovery means

Definitions

• the invention relates to a device for thermal exhaust gas treatment, in particular of oxidizable carbonization gases, with the features of the preamble of patent claim 1.
• Reactor towers used. The entry and exit of the exhaust gases is provided at the bottom of the reactor towers. The upper ends of the reactor towers are connected via a deflection housing. There is also a combustion chamber with burners. The reactor towers are filled with ceramic bodies. The one with organic
• Raw gas laden with pollutants enters one of the reactor towers and is heated as it flows through the hot heat storage bodies.
• the raw gas is burned in the heating chamber by means of a burner, e.g. Natural gas burner, heated to the temperature necessary for the post-combustion of the organic harmful gases.
• the heated, cleaned exhaust gas is fed to the second reactor tower and releases the heat absorbed from the store in the first tower and added in the deflection channel to the store as completely as possible in the second tower.
• the cooled clean gas which has a slightly higher temperature when exiting the second reactor tower than the raw gas when entering the first reactor tower, is then discharged via the chimney.
• the gas flows are switched over at regular intervals, for example of approximately two to three minutes.
• the second reactor tower now takes on the function of heating the raw gas, while the storage in the first reactor tower absorbs the heat of the hot clean gas.
• the construction of reactor towers is complex for structural reasons. The introduction of the storage trimmings into the reactor towers is cumbersome. In addition, the guidance of the exhaust gases and the removal of deposits are made more difficult.
• the invention has for its object to provide a device for thermal exhaust gas treatment, which enables a simpler construction with simplified statics.
• the insertion and removal of the memory in the device should be facilitated. The removal of deposits and that
• the stretched, lying device for thermal exhaust gas treatment with reactors with an intermediate combustion chamber simplifies the statics and thus the construction of the reactors. There is thus the possibility of permitting higher storage masses with justifiable technical and financial expenditure. This can be offered as soon as greater temperature fluctuations in the exhaust gases to be cleaned or changing pollutant concentrations have to be dealt with. As a result, longer switching cycles between gas heating and cooling can also be selected without the post-combustion process being adversely affected. This in turn results in lower unpurified gas quantities, which result from the dead space volume during the switching process. Only a small proportion of unpurified exhaust gas is thus emitted. As a side effect, there is less mechanical stress, e.g. B. Wear of the movable parts of the switching flap.
• the device can also be expanded subsequently.
• the device can be constructed in a modular manner. When the device is extended, one or more modules can then be added.
• the stretched, lying arrangement also improves the guidance of the exhaust gas.
• the pressure loss due to the elimination of a deflection channel is thus reduced.
• each heat store is constructed from refractory bricks with setting slots between rows of bricks that follow one another in the longitudinal direction.
• the mixing of the exhaust gases is improved by the setting slots.
• Auxiliary burners and / or circulation fans can be inserted into the setting slots.
• Chamotte multi-hole bricks are preferably used for each heat store.
• the stones of each heat accumulator are arranged obliquely to the longitudinal direction with the perforated channels, the oblique channels in the lower half running counter to the channels in the upper half.
• full stones can be used as stones for transverse bands in the heat storage.
• the stones are preferably arranged as double joints, which are successively spaced apart to form the setting slots.
• burners arranged opposite one another in terms of height are provided in the ceiling and / or the side walls of the heating chamber. As a result, the exhaust gases are circulated in the heating chamber.
• a side wall of the heating chamber is provided with a door, above which a burner is arranged.
• the outer jacket of the system is formed by a housing which has a collecting hood at each end with connections for incoming and outgoing connections for the exhaust gas and has sockets with control flaps for the change lines.
• the outer housing is preferably thermally insulated on the inside and / or outside.
• closable pipe sockets are provided in the setting slots in the center near the bottom. These allow the introduction of a suction hose for vacuuming the deposits.
• the placement slots of the heat accumulators can be filled with heat-storing, free-flowing material. This increases the heat storage value.
• FIG. 3 is a partial front view of a heat accumulator
• Fig. 4 is a partial plan view of the heat accumulator
• FIGS. 1 and 2 views as in FIGS. 1 and 2 of a modified embodiment
• the raw gas to be burned is fed via a raw gas line 1 to the device for thermal exhaust gas treatment 2.
• the device 2 has an outer housing 3 made of inside and / or outside insulated metal.
• the outer housing 3 can be assembled in the longitudinal direction from divided modules in a manner not shown.
• the outer housing preferably has a fire-resistant inner lining for insulation, e.g. B. from chamotte, ceramic fibers or the like.
• the steel outside of the housing can also be insulated in a similar manner. It should be noted that the temperature does not drop below the dew point.
• reactors 4, 5 are arranged in a horizontal position with an intermediate heating chamber 6, preferably in one piece.
• the device 2 preferably rests on the floor 10. Due to the horizontal arrangement, the statics and the construction are considerably simplified.
• the ends 11, 12 of the outer housing 3 of the device 2 are hood-shaped. They have connecting pieces 13, 14, 15, 16. In these controllable flaps 20, 21, 22, 23 are arranged.
• the opposing connecting pieces 14, 16 are connected via an external pipeline 25.
• the connecting pieces 13 and 15 are connected to one another via an external pipeline 26.
• the pipes 25, 26 are flowed through by the exhaust gas in one sense or another.
• the hoods 27, 28 at the ends 11, 12 have drivable doors 30, 31. Via them, the spaces of the ends 11, 12 delimited by the hoods 27, 28 can be cleaned of exhaust gas residues. In addition, the components of the heat accumulator 35 can be introduced into the outer housing 3.
• the heat accumulator 35 is divided into two groups A, B.
• Each of the groups A, B is formed by a trimming body 38. This preferably consists of chamotte multi-hole stones 39.
• the facing body 38 is preferably formed by rows 45 of stones which run obliquely with respect to one another.
• the chamotte multi-hole stones 39 arranged in the upper half are attached in the opposite direction to the stones 39 arranged in the lower half. This results in a better swirl effect (mixing).
• a band 47 made of multi-hole stones is preferably provided in height in the middle.
• All stones 39 are of the same design. They have a large number of perforations 48 transverse to their longitudinal direction.
• the upper layer 49 and the lower layer 50 are formed by stones 39 which adjoin one another laterally and at the front without a large distance from one another.
• the longitudinal axes of the rows of stones are opposite to each other and oblique to the direction of flow 55.
• the stones 39 of the middle layer 56 are arranged perpendicular to the direction of flow 55 of the exhaust gas.
• the stones 39 are arranged abutting one another at the end face. In the flow direction 55 of the exhaust gas, they are spaced apart.
• the facing body 38 which is formed by the chamotte multi-hole stones 39, has transverse slots 36 which run transversely to the flow direction 55. This results in transverse facing body disks 37. These are preferably constructed from the multi-hole stones 37. A number of solid bricks can also be accommodated distributed in these facing body discs 37. This creates an additional deflection and thus better mixing of the exhaust gas.
• the trimming body discs 37 are generally erected as double joints which are spaced apart from one another in order to form the setting slots 36.
• the slits 36 achieve a certain calming of the exhaust gas flow and a temperature equalization.
• Additional auxiliary burners can be arranged in the slits 36 as ceiling and / or side burners. As a result, the circulation of the exhaust gases in the setting slots 36 is improved. In addition, a temperature equalization in the reactor 4 or 5 is achieved. Temperature fluctuations are also smoothed out.
• the heating chamber 6 is arranged in a row and in an extended position.
• the outer housing 3 preferably has an essentially rectangular cross section, preferably square cross section.
• Two burners 40, 41 are preferably arranged as main burners in this heating chamber 6. Side burners can also be used. These are arranged at different heights in order to circulate the exhaust gases in the heating chamber 6.
• the burner 40 is arranged near the top of the chamber 6, while the burner 41 is arranged on the opposite side wall of the outer housing 3 near the bottom 10.
• Heating chamber 6 possible.
• the insertion of the trimmings for the heat storage groups A, B can be made possible.
• the combustion chamber 6, as well as the setting slots 36, can be provided shortly above the floor 10 with closable pipe stubs which, even during operation, enable the introduction of a suction hose and the removal of any deposits.
• circulation fans can be used, which are arranged both in one and in several setting slots 36 and can rotate in one direction or can be switched in the opposite direction.
• the metal parts preferably copper pipes
• the tightly hanging chains allow easy cleaning of storage struggles that have affected them. By simply shaking the chains, for example manually or by means of an automatic device, the residues, for example dust or soot, which accumulate on the chain parts can be removed.
• These chains are preferably arranged in the region of the ends 11, 12 under the hoods 27, 28.
• the operation of the device 2 is explained in connection with FIG. 2.
• the controllable flaps 20, 21, 22 and 23 are in the positions shown.
• the afterburning, cool raw gas flows via lines 1 and 26 to the connecting piece, is fed to the reactor 5 and absorbs heat from the filler body 38.
• the exhaust gas is then further heated in the heating chamber 6.
• the exhaust gas which continues to flow then heats up the stock body 38 of the regenerator 4 which had previously cooled in the preceding operating phase to the optimum temperature (e.g. 800 ° -900 ° C.).
• the exhaust gas then flows out via the free connection piece, the pipeline 25, the pipeline 60, the blower 61, via the chimney 62.
• the exhaust gas is fed via line 1 to the reactor 4 with reversed flap 20. Since the other flaps 21, 22 and 23 are in their reversed flap position, the exhaust gas flows via the heating chamber 6 to the reactor 5 and further via the connecting piece 16 to the blower 61 and the chimney 62. The operating phases are repeated subsequently.
• the device 2 also has optimal mixing and reaction zones.
• the exhaust gas to be cleaned is always mixed again before it enters the next fill.
• the pollutant combustion is then complete at the required combustion temperatures of around 800 ° C.
• the cleaned exhaust gas which had to flow through a large contact area, is then sent to the trim elements in the respective following zone for the purpose of delivering energy.
• the temperature resistance of the thermal reactor in which there are no metallic materials in the high-temperature range, is approximately up to 900 ° C in the standard version and can even be increased for special cases.
• a particular advantage of the device lies in its ability to change the primary thermal efficiency by varying the stock stores.
• the modular design makes it possible to adapt to changing production conditions, e.g. B. Pollutant reduction or increase, to adjust the necessary primary energy immediately again.
• the device can also be operated on a catalytic basis.
• the entire arrangement can be understood as consisting of a single reactor body, which preferably has setting slots 36.
• burners preferably one or more tubular high-speed burners 70
• the burners could only be operated partially if flammable components are present in the exhaust gas.
• the GE- Desired combustion temperature is regulated by switching on and off or by controlling the burner output. If the pollutant content in the raw gas exceeds the amount required for autothermal operation, a partial volume flow of the hot exhaust gas is decoupled directly from the heating chamber or heating zone.
• each end 11, 12 can also be designed with a tubular longitudinal part and a flat end part instead of in the form of hoods.
• the tubular end part then has the connecting piece.
• the flat end part can then be designed as a lifting gate.
• the renewable heat storage, z. B. can be extended or retracted by a forklift.
• the storage stock to be retracted can be prepared outside of the device 2, with regard to its length, its cross-section and its composition, adapted to changing conditions, e.g. Exhaust gas composition, limit values, etc. to be prepared.
• the switching periods can be extended for heavier trimmings with greater heat storage capacity.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
• Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)

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• 1995
  • 1995-03-24 DE DE19510993A patent/DE19510993C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1996
  • 1996-03-06 DE DE59602717T patent/DE59602717D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1996-03-06 WO PCT/DE1996/000395 patent/WO1996030702A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 1996-03-06 EP EP96904743A patent/EP0815395B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1996-03-06 AT AT96904743T patent/ATE183302T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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