EP0806552B1 - Culasse pour moteur à combustion interne - Google Patents
Culasse pour moteur à combustion interne Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0806552B1 EP0806552B1 EP97106332A EP97106332A EP0806552B1 EP 0806552 B1 EP0806552 B1 EP 0806552B1 EP 97106332 A EP97106332 A EP 97106332A EP 97106332 A EP97106332 A EP 97106332A EP 0806552 B1 EP0806552 B1 EP 0806552B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- oil
- cylinder head
- head according
- cylinder
- supply
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
- F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
- F02F1/4214—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads specially adapted for four or more valves per cylinder
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/02—Valve drive
- F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
- F01L1/047—Camshafts
- F01L1/053—Camshafts overhead type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/26—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of two or more valves operated simultaneously by same transmitting-gear; peculiar to machines or engines with more than two lift-valves per cylinder
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/02—Valve drive
- F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
- F01L1/047—Camshafts
- F01L2001/0476—Camshaft bearings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/02—Valve drive
- F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
- F01L1/047—Camshafts
- F01L1/053—Camshafts overhead type
- F01L2001/0537—Double overhead camshafts [DOHC]
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
- F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
- F01M11/02—Arrangements of lubricant conduits
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
- F01M9/00—Lubrication means having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M7/00
- F01M9/10—Lubrication of valve gear or auxiliaries
- F01M9/104—Lubrication of valve gear or auxiliaries of tappets
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
- F01M9/00—Lubrication means having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M7/00
- F01M9/10—Lubrication of valve gear or auxiliaries
- F01M9/108—Lubrication of valve gear or auxiliaries of auxiliaries
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
- F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
- F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F02B2275/18—DOHC [Double overhead camshaft]
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
- F02F2001/244—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads
- F02F2001/245—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads the valve stems being orientated at an angle with the cylinder axis
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
- F02F7/006—Camshaft or pushrod housings
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
- Lubrication Details And Ventilation Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Claims (11)
- Culasse d'un moteur à combustion interne, comportant au moins trois composants de boítier, un boítier de base (1) placé sur un bloc-cylindres (2), un couvercle de culasse (47) et un composant porteur (25) destiné à recevoir des éléments de transmission de la course des soupapes, comportant au moins un plan de séparation (19, 48) commun entre deux composants du boítier qui s'appliquent l'un contre l'autre par leurs surfaces de bridage respectives, et comportant des canaux (57, 65, 73) d'alimentation en huile à l'intérieur de la culasse, qui sont réunis au moins en une galerie à huile (62, 63), caractérisée en ce que deux plans de séparation (19, 48) au moins sont formés entre des composants adjacents du boítier, dans chacun des deux plans de séparation, des rainures (57, 65, 63) qui servent de canaux d'alimentation en huile et qui forment deux galeries à huile (62, 63) pour alimenter différents récepteurs, étant ménagées dans au moins l'une des surfaces de bridage correspondantes.
- Culasse, selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la première galerie à huile (62) s'étend dans un premier plan de séparation (19), qui est formé entre le boítier de base (1) et le composant porteur (25).
- Culasse selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la deuxième galerie à huile (63) s'étend dans un deuxième plan de séparation (48), qui est fermé vers le haut par le couvercle de culasse (47).
- Culasse selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que deux lignes d'alimentation en huile (64, 72) indépendantes sont formées dans l'un au moins des deux plans de séparation (19, 48), à l'intérieur de la galerie à huile (62, 63) respective.
- Culasse selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le composant porteur (25) et le couvercle de culasse (47) s'appliquent l'un contre l'autre dans le deuxième plan de séparation (48).
- Culasse selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'une au moins des galeries à huile (62, 63) sert à alimenter des éléments de commutation, au moyen desquels il est possible d'influencer la transmission de la course à des soupapes d'échange des gaz correspondantes.
- Culasse selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'un groupe d'éléments de commutation, au moyen desquels la transmission de la course à des soupapes d'échange des gaz correspondantes peut être influencée, peut être commandé hydrauliquement par au moins l'une des deux lignes d'alimentation en huile (64, 72), dans la galerie à huile (63) commune.
- Culasse selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que deux groupes différents d'éléments de commutation au moyen desquels la transmission de la course à des soupapes d'échange des gaz peut être influencée, sont commandables hydrauliquement au moyen des deux lignes d'alimentation en huile (64, 72).
- Culasse selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'une alimentation de récepteurs associés s'effectue, par au moins l'une des galeries à huile (62, 63), en ce qu'il se produit simultanément une lubrification et une commande de la pression.
- Culasse selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la pression de l'huile peut être commandée au moyen d'une soupape de commande (69, 77) associée, dans l'une au moins des lignes d'alimentation en huile (64, 72).
- Culasse selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la pression de l'huile peut être commandée au moyen d'au moins une soupape de commande (69, 77) associée, dans l'une au moins des galeries à huile (62, 63).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19619183A DE19619183C1 (de) | 1996-05-11 | 1996-05-11 | Zylinderkopfanordnung einer Brennkraftmaschine |
DE19619183 | 1996-05-11 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0806552A1 EP0806552A1 (fr) | 1997-11-12 |
EP0806552B1 true EP0806552B1 (fr) | 2001-03-21 |
Family
ID=7794141
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97106332A Expired - Lifetime EP0806552B1 (fr) | 1996-05-11 | 1997-04-17 | Culasse pour moteur à combustion interne |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5875754A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0806552B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JPH1047156A (fr) |
KR (1) | KR100456767B1 (fr) |
DE (2) | DE19619183C1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH10331709A (ja) * | 1997-05-29 | 1998-12-15 | Suzuki Motor Corp | 内燃機関のシリンダヘッド構造 |
DE19828307A1 (de) * | 1998-06-25 | 1999-12-30 | Porsche Ag | Zylinderkopf einer Brennkraftmaschine |
JP2000087796A (ja) * | 1998-09-14 | 2000-03-28 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Dohc式エンジンのシリンダヘッド |
DE19928838C1 (de) * | 1999-06-24 | 2001-02-15 | Otmar Gaehrken | Zylinderkopf |
JP4396024B2 (ja) * | 2000-03-13 | 2010-01-13 | マツダ株式会社 | シリンダヘッド構造 |
DE10327542B4 (de) * | 2002-06-29 | 2008-11-06 | Hyundai Motor Company | Ölzuführstruktur für einen Motorzylinderkopf |
JP4244597B2 (ja) * | 2002-08-27 | 2009-03-25 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関 |
DE10250303A1 (de) * | 2002-10-29 | 2004-05-19 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Zylinderkopf einer Brennkraftmaschine mit Nockenwellenlagerleiste |
DE102004005796B4 (de) * | 2004-02-06 | 2014-01-16 | Daimler Ag | Zylinderkopf für eine Brennkraftmaschine |
US20070137604A1 (en) * | 2005-12-21 | 2007-06-21 | Silseth John R | Motorcycle engine |
US7360512B1 (en) | 2006-12-22 | 2008-04-22 | Chrysler Llc | Low-thermal-inertia intake ports for port-injected, spark ignition engines and an associated manufacturing method |
JP2011080384A (ja) | 2009-10-05 | 2011-04-21 | Otics Corp | 車両用エンジン |
DE102011079166A1 (de) | 2011-07-14 | 2013-01-17 | Mahle International Gmbh | Brennkraftmaschine |
DE102015109802A1 (de) | 2015-06-18 | 2016-12-22 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Brennkraftmaschine |
DE102016201414B4 (de) * | 2016-01-29 | 2017-10-05 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Brennkraftmaschine mit Ölkreislauf |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3641129C1 (de) * | 1986-12-02 | 1987-07-30 | Daimler Benz Ag | Vorrichtung zur Lagerung von zwei Nockenwellen im Zylinderkopf einer mehrzylindrigen Reihenbrennkraftmaschine |
CA1331547C (fr) * | 1988-08-01 | 1994-08-23 | Yukihiro Matsumoto | Systeme de distribution pour moteur a combustion interne |
JPH0482343U (fr) * | 1990-11-29 | 1992-07-17 | ||
DE4116942C1 (en) * | 1991-05-24 | 1992-05-27 | Mercedes-Benz Aktiengesellschaft, 7000 Stuttgart, De | Cylinder head for multicylinder IC engine - has accessory cover bolts with oil bores for guiding oil to bearing points and valve tappets |
DE4307368A1 (de) * | 1993-03-09 | 1994-09-15 | Porsche Ag | Zylinderkopf für eine Brennkraftmaschine |
DE4324791A1 (de) * | 1993-07-23 | 1995-01-26 | Porsche Ag | Zylinderkopfanordnung einer Brennkraftmaschine |
JP3104497B2 (ja) * | 1993-09-30 | 2000-10-30 | スズキ株式会社 | シリンダヘッドの構造 |
DE4421057C1 (de) * | 1994-06-16 | 1995-09-14 | Porsche Ag | Zylinderkopfanordnung einer Brennkraftmaschine |
US5458100A (en) * | 1994-11-10 | 1995-10-17 | Kohler Co. | Pilot ring attachment assembly |
-
1996
- 1996-05-11 DE DE19619183A patent/DE19619183C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-04-17 EP EP97106332A patent/EP0806552B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-04-17 DE DE59703162T patent/DE59703162D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-05-09 JP JP9119753A patent/JPH1047156A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-05-10 KR KR1019970018128A patent/KR100456767B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-05-12 US US08/854,588 patent/US5875754A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE19619183C1 (de) | 1997-07-03 |
KR970075289A (ko) | 1997-12-10 |
US5875754A (en) | 1999-03-02 |
KR100456767B1 (ko) | 2005-04-06 |
EP0806552A1 (fr) | 1997-11-12 |
DE59703162D1 (de) | 2001-04-26 |
JPH1047156A (ja) | 1998-02-17 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0806552B1 (fr) | Culasse pour moteur à combustion interne | |
DE3436426C2 (fr) | ||
DE102012219851B4 (de) | Viertaktmotor | |
DE3515850A1 (de) | Ventilbetaetigungseinrichtung fuer eine obengesteuerte brennkraftmaschine | |
DE102005048566A1 (de) | Selbstzündende Brennkraftmaschine mit Brennräumen für hohe Zünddrücke | |
DE10000750B4 (de) | Mehrzylindermotor für ein Motorrad | |
DE3203312A1 (de) | Schmiersystem fuer einen verbrennungsmotor | |
EP0767295B1 (fr) | Commande de soupape hydraulique | |
EP0688946B1 (fr) | Agencement d'une culasse d'un moteur à combustion interne | |
DE4410123C2 (de) | Ölversorgung bei einer Ventilbetätigungseinrichtung | |
DE10212327A1 (de) | Ventiltrieb für eine Brennkraftmaschine | |
DE19618401C1 (de) | Zylinderkopfanordnung einer Brennkraftmaschine | |
DE19519601C2 (de) | Ventilantriebssytem für eine mehrzylindrige Brennkraftmaschine | |
EP0845582B1 (fr) | Commande de soupape pour un moteur à combustion interne équipé de soupapes à levée pour le transfert de charge | |
DE19744600A1 (de) | Abschaltbarer Ventiltrieb für Brennkraftmaschinen | |
DE4204997A1 (de) | Ventiltrieb fuer ein hubventil | |
DE3604667A1 (de) | Gegossener zylinderkopf fuer eine mehrzylindrige reihen-brennkraftmaschine | |
DE10002512A1 (de) | Zylinderkopf für eine ventilgesteuerte Brennkraftmaschine | |
DE4235103B4 (de) | Nockenwellen-Ventilsteuerung für eine Brennkraftmaschine mit zwei Zylinderreihen | |
EP1427918B1 (fr) | Distribution dans moteur a combustion interne | |
EP0180847A1 (fr) | Boîtier de commande pour culasse des moteurs à combustion interne avec des soupapes agencées en parallèle | |
EP0990776B1 (fr) | Moteur à combustion interne à 2 rangées de cylindres disposées en V | |
DE10302663B4 (de) | Ventiltriebsanordnung für eine Brennkraftmaschine | |
DE4244374A1 (de) | Ventilsteuerung | |
DE4435659A1 (de) | Brennkraftmaschine mit nockenbetätigten, zumindest teilweise abschaltbaren Ladungswechsel-Ventilen |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19980407 |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20000726 |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
ITF | It: translation for a ep patent filed |
Owner name: DE DOMINICIS & MAYER S.R.L. |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20010411 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20010426 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 59703162 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20010426 |
|
ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20010430 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) |
Effective date: 20010423 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: IF02 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed | ||
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20020417 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20021101 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20020417 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20021231 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED. Effective date: 20050417 |