EP0805266A1 - Brennkraftmaschine mit Voreinspritzung - Google Patents

Brennkraftmaschine mit Voreinspritzung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0805266A1
EP0805266A1 EP97400943A EP97400943A EP0805266A1 EP 0805266 A1 EP0805266 A1 EP 0805266A1 EP 97400943 A EP97400943 A EP 97400943A EP 97400943 A EP97400943 A EP 97400943A EP 0805266 A1 EP0805266 A1 EP 0805266A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spark plug
engine
combustion chamber
cylinder head
exhaust duct
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97400943A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0805266B1 (de
Inventor
Serge Bauraud
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Automobiles Peugeot SA
Automobiles Citroen SA
Original Assignee
Automobiles Peugeot SA
Automobiles Citroen SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR9605580A external-priority patent/FR2748295B1/fr
Priority claimed from FR9606012A external-priority patent/FR2748777B1/fr
Application filed by Automobiles Peugeot SA, Automobiles Citroen SA filed Critical Automobiles Peugeot SA
Publication of EP0805266A1 publication Critical patent/EP0805266A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0805266B1 publication Critical patent/EP0805266B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B77/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not otherwise provided for
    • F02B77/08—Safety, indicating, or supervising devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an internal combustion engine, with controlled fuel injection, directly into at least one combustion chamber provided with at least one exhaust duct orifice closed cyclically by a valve.
  • the injection pump is in phase with the engine cycle. Fuel is injected into the chamber only a few degrees before top dead center (TDC). The fuel pressure reached is around 15 x 10 6 Pa.
  • the present invention aims to provide an engine of the type defined above, which can be equipped with injectors controlled by solenoid valve without risk of damage caused by an overpressure in the combustion chamber of each cylinder of the engine.
  • the engine according to the invention is characterized in that the combustion chamber is associated with a device for protection against overpressures in this chamber, able to put the latter in communication with an engine exhaust duct when the pressure prevailing in the combustion chamber exceeds a predetermined value.
  • the overpressure protection device comprises a relief valve mounted in a channel formed in the cylinder head of the engine and capable of establishing the abovementioned communication between the combustion chamber and the exhaust.
  • the discharge valve is formed by a member such as a ball maintained in the closed state on a seat under the effect of a return means such as a spring.
  • the channel of the protective device communicates, behind the relief valve, with the exhaust duct, via a connecting channel.
  • the protection device comprises means for fixing the spark plug arranged so as to give way under the action of an overpressure prevailing in the combustion chamber and thus allow the expulsion of the spark plug and the communication, by the part free from the well, from the combustion chamber with the engine exhaust duct.
  • the means for fixing the spark plug comprise a sleeve through which the spark plug passes and secured, for example by screwing, to the engine cylinder head, and an elastic washer clamped between one end of the sleeve and a shoulder of the cylinder head and the central part of which is supported on a shoulder of the spark plug so as to keep the latter supported on its seat, the central part of the elastic washer comprising zones breaking by shearing under the action of the above-mentioned overpressure.
  • the aforementioned sleeve comprises at its end opposite to the elastic washer an internal shoulder against which the shoulder of the spark plug abuts when it is expelled.
  • the spark plug comprises an upper sleeve secured, for example by screwing, to the cylinder head and a lower body connected to the sleeve by a frangible annular zone capable of passing axially through the latter by breaking this zone under the action of the aforementioned overpressure.
  • the means for fixing the spark plug are of the bayonet type where the body of the spark plug comprises at least two lugs respectively engaging in two grooves for holding the lugs made in a cylindrical bushing through which the spark plug is secured, for example by screwing, to the cylinder head of the engine so as to keep the spark plug resting on its seat, the pins being able to break by shearing from the action of the above-mentioned overpressure.
  • the free part of the well is connected to the exhaust duct by a cylinder head channel.
  • the reference 1 designates a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine of the diesel type, with piloted injectors (not shown), fixed to cylinders, only one of which is represented at 2.
  • the reference 4 designates a chamber of combustion defined between the cylinder head 1 and a piston 3 and into which the fuel is directly injected by the associated pilot injector.
  • the cylinder head is provided with a device 7 for protection against overpressures in the combustion chamber 4.
  • This device essentially comprises a discharge valve 8 produced in the form of a ball mounted in a channel 9 which is formed in the cylinder head and opens, at one end, into the combustion chamber 4 and, at its other end, towards the outside.
  • the channel has two parts with circular cross section, of different diameters. The part opening into the combustion chamber 4 has a smaller diameter.
  • the junction of the two channel parts is configured so as to form a seat 10 for the valve ball 8.
  • a helical spring 11 is provided in the channel portion of larger diameter and pushes the valve ball on its seat by taking support on a closure cap 12 of the channel.
  • FIG. 3 shows the relative arrangement of the channel 9 which houses the overload valve 8 and the two exhaust ducts 15 shown in FIG. 2.
  • the ball 8 is held on its seat 10 under the action of the spring 11.
  • the ball 8 lifts from its seat at against the spring, which puts the combustion chamber 4 in communication with the exhaust conduits 15, via the channels 9 and 14. Thanks to this communication, the overpressure in the chamber 4 is eliminated or even avoided.
  • the cylinder head 1 comprises, for each of the combustion chambers 4, a well 17 opening into the chamber 4 and receiving a glow plug 18 which closes the well 17 when it is held therein for use by fixing means.
  • the spark plug 18 has its central electrode 19 protruding into the combustion chamber 4 so as to heat the fuel when the engine starts.
  • the means for fixing the spark plug 18 comprise a sleeve 20 crossed by the spark plug 18 and secured to the cylinder head 1, for example by being screwed into a corresponding tapped hole 21 in the cylinder head 1 and coaxial with the well 17
  • These fixing means also comprise an elastic washer 22 mounted between a lower end of the sleeve 20 and a shoulder 1a of the cylinder head 1 so as to be tightened on the shoulder 1a by the sleeve 20.
  • this washer has its central part made up of a certain number of radial fins 22a, for example three in number, coming to bear, in the mounted position, on a shoulder 18a of the body of the spark plug 18 so as to maintain the latter in abutment on its seat 1b of the cylinder head 1.
  • the fins 22a of the washer 22 are connected to the body of the latter by zones z 1 which can rupture by shearing as will now be described.
  • FIG. 4 shows in lower axial half-view the spark plug 18 in the position of use in the cylinder head and in upper axial half-view the spark plug 18 expelled.
  • the shoulder 18a of the body thereof comes to bear on an internal shoulder of the sleeve 20 opposite the washer 22 by means of a metal seal 23.
  • the overpressure in the chamber 4 is avoided or interrupted by evacuation of the gases from the combustion chamber towards the exhaust conduits C1 and C2 via channels 24 produced in the cylinder head 1.
  • the seal 23 also eliminates risks gas leak during overpressure and also in normal operation while protecting the spark plug 18 against vibration.
  • Figures 9 and 10 show a third embodiment allowing the expulsion of a glow plug during an overpressure in the combustion chamber 4.
  • the parts of Figures 9 and 10 common to those of Figures 4 and 5 bear the same references.
  • the spark plug 18 comprises an upper sleeve 25 secured to the cylinder head 1, for example by screwing into a corresponding tapped hole 26 of the cylinder head 1 coaxial with the well 17 for receiving the spark plug 18, and a lower body 18b connected to the sleeve 25 by a frangible annular zone z2 and suitable for passing axially through the latter by breaking the frangible zone z2.
  • the annular zone z2 can rupture during an overpressure prevailing in the combustion chamber 4 so as to expel outward the spark plug 18 as shown in FIG. 9 in lower axial half-view of the spark plug 18.
  • the free part of the well 17 communicates, via a channel 24 of the cylinder head 1, with at least one exhaust circuit so as to evacuate the overpressure gases from the combustion chamber 4.
  • the means for fixing the spark plug 18 in the well 17 of the cylinder head 1 are of the bayonet type, c '' that is to say comprising at least two pins 27 secured to the body of the spark plug 18 and a cylindrical socket 28 traversed by the spark plug 18 while being secured to the cylinder head 1, for example by screwing into a corresponding tapped hole 29 of the cylinder head 1, the socket 28 comprising two grooves 28a, 28b shaped so as to allow an axial engagement of the pins 27 therein, then by rotation of the body of the spark plug 18, the engagement of the pins 28 in the parts curvilinear grooves 28a, 28b until they come into abutment against the extreme walls of the latter, thus blocking the spark plug 18 relative to the cylinder head 1 in order to keep the spark plug resting on its seat 1b.
  • the pins 28 can break by shearing under the action of a possible overpressure prevailing in the combustion chamber 4 so as to expel the spark plug 18 as shown in FIG. 11 on the lower axial half-view of the spark plug 18.
  • the free part of the well 17 communicates with at least one exhaust circuit through a channel 24 of the cylinder head 1 identical to that shown in FIG. 9.
  • the invention described above in the three embodiments allows effective protection of the engine against deterioration caused by a possible abnormal overpressure in at least one of the combustion chambers of the engine by expelling the or each corresponding glow plug and by evacuating the overpressure gases through a discharge channel.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
EP19970400943 1996-05-03 1997-04-25 Brennkraftmaschine mit Voreinspritzung Expired - Lifetime EP0805266B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9605580 1996-05-03
FR9605580A FR2748295B1 (fr) 1996-05-03 1996-05-03 Moteur a combustion interne a au moins une bougie expulsable
FR9606012A FR2748777B1 (fr) 1996-05-14 1996-05-14 Moteur a combustion interne, a injection pilotee de carburant
FR9606012 1996-05-14

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0805266A1 true EP0805266A1 (de) 1997-11-05
EP0805266B1 EP0805266B1 (de) 2001-11-14

Family

ID=26232692

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19970400943 Expired - Lifetime EP0805266B1 (de) 1996-05-03 1997-04-25 Brennkraftmaschine mit Voreinspritzung

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0805266B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69708199T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2166512T3 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2329677A (en) * 1997-09-30 1999-03-31 Bosch Gmbh Robert Preventing damage to a compression-ignition i.c. engine when a fuelling fault occurs by relieving the combustion chamber pressure to the intake side
GB2359589A (en) * 2000-02-23 2001-08-29 Richard Alan Bastable I.c. engine with pressure relief valve for combustion chamber

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2922436A (en) * 1956-09-07 1960-01-26 Gen Motors Corp Combined test and safety valve
DE3003864A1 (de) * 1980-02-02 1981-08-13 Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG, 5000 Köln Zylinderkopf einer wassergekuehlten hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine
DE3622261A1 (de) * 1985-07-12 1987-01-15 Volkswagen Ag Gluehkerze zur kaltstarterleichterung fuer eine brennkraftmaschine
SU1379493A1 (ru) * 1986-10-28 1988-03-07 Ю.Ф.Кирюшкин и Д.А.Демин Свеча накаливани убирающегос типа дл дизельного двигател
GB2217386A (en) * 1988-04-08 1989-10-25 Ford Motor Co Diesel engine glowplug installation
JPH04335126A (ja) * 1991-05-10 1992-11-24 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 内圧センサ
JPH05118946A (ja) * 1991-10-23 1993-05-14 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd シリンダ内圧力検出装置

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2922436A (en) * 1956-09-07 1960-01-26 Gen Motors Corp Combined test and safety valve
DE3003864A1 (de) * 1980-02-02 1981-08-13 Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG, 5000 Köln Zylinderkopf einer wassergekuehlten hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine
DE3622261A1 (de) * 1985-07-12 1987-01-15 Volkswagen Ag Gluehkerze zur kaltstarterleichterung fuer eine brennkraftmaschine
SU1379493A1 (ru) * 1986-10-28 1988-03-07 Ю.Ф.Кирюшкин и Д.А.Демин Свеча накаливани убирающегос типа дл дизельного двигател
GB2217386A (en) * 1988-04-08 1989-10-25 Ford Motor Co Diesel engine glowplug installation
JPH04335126A (ja) * 1991-05-10 1992-11-24 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 内圧センサ
JPH05118946A (ja) * 1991-10-23 1993-05-14 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd シリンダ内圧力検出装置

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 017, no. 179 (P - 1517) 7 April 1993 (1993-04-07) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 017, no. 481 (P - 1604) 31 August 1993 (1993-08-31) *

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2329677A (en) * 1997-09-30 1999-03-31 Bosch Gmbh Robert Preventing damage to a compression-ignition i.c. engine when a fuelling fault occurs by relieving the combustion chamber pressure to the intake side
FR2769047A1 (fr) * 1997-09-30 1999-04-02 Bosch Gmbh Robert Procede de mise en oeuvre d'un moteur a combustion interne et systeme d'injection de carburant pour l'application de ce procede
GB2329677B (en) * 1997-09-30 1999-08-18 Bosch Gmbh Robert Method for the purpose of operating an internal combustion engine and fuel -injection system for implementing the method
US6098596A (en) * 1997-09-30 2000-08-08 Robert Bosch Gmbh Process for operating an internal combustion engine and a fuel injection system for carrying out the process
GB2359589A (en) * 2000-02-23 2001-08-29 Richard Alan Bastable I.c. engine with pressure relief valve for combustion chamber
WO2001063107A1 (en) * 2000-02-23 2001-08-30 Richard Alan Bastable Internal combustion engines
GB2359589B (en) * 2000-02-23 2004-03-17 Richard Alan Bastable Improvements in and relating to internal combustion engines

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69708199T2 (de) 2002-09-12
EP0805266B1 (de) 2001-11-14
ES2166512T3 (es) 2002-04-16
DE69708199D1 (de) 2001-12-20

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