EP0805266B1 - Brennkraftmaschine mit Voreinspritzung - Google Patents

Brennkraftmaschine mit Voreinspritzung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0805266B1
EP0805266B1 EP19970400943 EP97400943A EP0805266B1 EP 0805266 B1 EP0805266 B1 EP 0805266B1 EP 19970400943 EP19970400943 EP 19970400943 EP 97400943 A EP97400943 A EP 97400943A EP 0805266 B1 EP0805266 B1 EP 0805266B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plug
combustion chamber
motor according
motor
yoke
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19970400943
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0805266A1 (de
Inventor
Serge Bauraud
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Automobiles Peugeot SA
Automobiles Citroen SA
Original Assignee
Automobiles Peugeot SA
Automobiles Citroen SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR9605580A external-priority patent/FR2748295B1/fr
Priority claimed from FR9606012A external-priority patent/FR2748777B1/fr
Application filed by Automobiles Peugeot SA, Automobiles Citroen SA filed Critical Automobiles Peugeot SA
Publication of EP0805266A1 publication Critical patent/EP0805266A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0805266B1 publication Critical patent/EP0805266B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B77/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not otherwise provided for
    • F02B77/08—Safety, indicating, or supervising devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an internal combustion engine, pilot fuel injection, directly into at least a combustion chamber provided with at least one orifice exhaust pipe closed cyclically by a valve.
  • the injection pump is in phase with the engine cycle. Fuel is injected into the chamber only a few degrees before top dead center (TDC). The fuel pressure reached is around 15 x 10 6 Pa.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an engine for the type defined above, which can be fitted injectors controlled by solenoid valve without risk of deterioration caused by overpressure in the combustion chamber of each engine cylinder.
  • the engine according to the invention is characterized in that the combustion chamber is associated a protection device against overpressures in this room, able to put it in communication with an engine exhaust duct when the pressure in the combustion chamber exceeds a predetermined value.
  • the overpressure protection device includes a relief valve mounted in a channel formed in the engine cylinder head and capable of establishing the above communication between the combustion chamber and the exhaust duct.
  • the relief valve is formed by a member such as a ball kept closed on a seat under the effect a return means such as a spring.
  • the protective device channel communicates, in back of the relief valve, with the conduit exhaust, via a connecting channel.
  • the device protection includes means for fixing the candle arranged to yield under the action of a overpressure prevailing in the combustion chamber and allow the expulsion of the candle and the setting communication, through the free part of the well, of the combustion chamber with the exhaust duct of the engine.
  • the means of candle attachment include a sleeve through the candle and secured, for example by screwing, of the engine cylinder head, and a spring washer clamped between one end of the sleeve and one shoulder of the cylinder head and whose central part is supported on a shoulder of the spark plug so as to keep it pressed on its seat, the central part of the spring washer comprising areas breaking under shear under the action of the aforementioned overpressure.
  • the aforementioned sleeve comprises at its end opposite to the elastic washer an internal shoulder against which abuts the shoulder of the spark plug when the expulsion of it.
  • the candle includes an upper sleeve integral, for example by screwing, the cylinder head and a lower body connected to the sleeve by a frangible annular zone suitable for axially cross the latter by breaking this zone under the action of the above-mentioned overpressure.
  • the means fixing the candle are bayonet type where the candle body includes at least two pins engaging respectively in two retaining grooves lugs made in a cylindrical socket crossed by the candle and united, for example by the engine cylinder head to maintain the candle resting on its seat, the pins can be break the action of overpressure by shearing cited above.
  • the free part of the well is connected to the conduit exhaust through a cylinder head channel.
  • reference 1 designates a diesel type internal combustion engine cylinder head, pilot injectors (not shown), attached to cylinders, only one of which is shown in 2.
  • the reference 4 designates a combustion chamber delimited between the cylinder head 1 and a piston 3 and in which is directly injected fuel through the associated pilot injector.
  • the cylinder head is provided with a device 7 protection against overpressure in the room combustion 4.
  • This device essentially comprises a check valve. discharge 8 produced in the form of a ball mounted in a channel 9 which is practiced in the cylinder head and opens, at one end, in the combustion chamber 4 and, at its other end, outward.
  • the channel has two parts with circular cross-section, of diameters different. The part opening into the combustion 4 has a smaller diameter.
  • the junction of the two channel parts is configured from so as to form a seat 10 for the valve ball 8.
  • a coil spring 11 is provided in the channel portion larger diameter and pushes the valve ball on its seat by resting on a closure cap 12 of the canal.
  • the channel part located behind the valve, i.e. on the opposite side of the combustion chamber 4, communicates via transverse channels 14 with exhaust pipes 15, as shown on the FIG. 2, which open into the combustion chamber 4, in the usual way, each by a closable orifice 16 cyclically by a valve not shown here.
  • the Figure 3 shows the relative arrangement of channel 9 which houses the overload valve 8 and the two conduits exhaust 15 shown in Figure 2.
  • the ball 8 is maintained on its seat 10 under the action of the spring 11.
  • the ball 8 lifts from its seat at against the spring, which puts the combustion 4 in communication with the conduits exhaust 15, via channels 9 and 14. Thanks to this communication, the overpressure in room 4 is eliminated or even avoided.
  • the cylinder head 1 includes, for each of the combustion 4, a well 17 opening into chamber 4 and receiving a glow plug 18 which closes the well 17 when held in it for its use by fixing means.
  • the candle 18 a its central electrode 19 projecting into the chamber combustion 4 so as to heat the fuel during starting the engine.
  • the means for fixing the candle 18 include a sleeve 20 through which the spark plug 18 and integral with the cylinder head 1, for example in being screwed into a corresponding tapped hole 21 of the cylinder head 1 and coaxial with well 17.
  • These fixing means also include a spring washer 22 mounted between a lower end of the sleeve 20 and a shoulder 1a of cylinder head 1 so as to be tightened on the shoulder 1a by the sleeve 20.
  • FIG. 7 represents the elastic washer 22 in the free state and FIG.
  • this washer has its central part made up of a number of radial fins 22a, for example three in number, bearing, in the mounted position, on a shoulder 18a of the body of the candle 18 so as to keep it supported on its seat 1b of the cylinder head 1.
  • the fins 22a of the washer 22 are connected to the body of the latter by zones z 1 which can rupture by shearing as will now be described.
  • FIG. 4 shows in lower axial half-view the spark plug 18 in the position of use in the cylinder head and in upper axial half-view the spark plug 18 expelled.
  • the shoulder 18a of the body thereof comes to bear on an internal shoulder of the sleeve 20 opposite the washer 22 by means of a metal seal 23.
  • the overpressure in the chamber 4 is avoided or interrupted by evacuation of the gases from the combustion chamber towards the exhaust conduits C1 and C2 via channels 24 produced in the cylinder head 1.
  • the seal 23 also eliminates risks gas leakage during overpressure and also in normal operation while protecting the spark plug 18 against vibration.
  • Figures 9 and 10 show a third mode of realization allowing the expulsion of a candle preheating during an overpressure in the combustion 4.
  • the parts of Figures 9 and 10 common to those of FIGS. 4 and 5 bear the same references.
  • the candle 18 includes an upper sleeve 25 integral with the cylinder head 1, for example by screwing into a tapped hole corresponding 26 of the cylinder head 1 coaxial to the well 17 of reception of the candle 18, and a lower body 18b connected to the sleeve 25 by a frangible annular zone z2 and capable of crossing the latter axially by rupture of the frangible zone z2.
  • the annular zone z2 can be rupture during an overpressure prevailing in the combustion 4 so as to expel outwards the candle 18 as shown in FIG. 9 in axial half-view lower part of the spark plug 18.
  • the free part of the well 17 communicates, by through a channel 24 of the cylinder head 1, with at minus an exhaust system to evacuate gases overpressure of the combustion chamber 4.
  • the means for fixing the candle 18 in the well 17 of the cylinder head 1 are bayonet type, i.e. comprising at least two pins 27 secured to the body of the spark plug 18 and one cylindrical socket 28 through which the candle 18 passes being integral with the cylinder head 1, for example by screwing in a corresponding tapped hole 29 of cylinder head 1, the socket 28 comprising two grooves 28a, 28b shaped so as to allow axial engagement of the pins 27 in these and then by rotating the body of the candle 18, the engagement of the pins 28 in the parts curvilinear grooves 28a, 28b until they stop against the extreme walls thereof, thereby blocking the candle 18 relative to the cylinder head 1 to maintain the candle resting on its seat 1b.
  • bayonet type i.e. comprising at least two pins 27 secured to the body of the spark plug 18 and one cylindrical socket 28 through which the candle 18 passes being integral with the cylinder head 1, for example by screwing in a corresponding tapped hole 29 of cylinder head 1, the socket 28 comprising two grooves 28a,
  • the pins 28 can break by shearing under the action of a possible overpressure prevailing in the combustion chamber 4 so as to expel the candle 18 as shown in figure 11 on the axial half-view lower part of the spark plug 18.
  • the free part of the well 17 communicates with at minus an exhaust system through a channel 24 of the cylinder head 1 identical to that shown in FIG. 9.
  • the invention described above in the three modes of construction provides effective motor protection against deterioration caused by possible abnormal overpressure in at least one of the combustion of the engine by expelling the or each spark plug corresponding preheating and evacuating the gases from overpressure by a discharge channel.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Brennkraftmaschine mit Voreinspritzung direkt in wenigstens eine Brennkammer, die mit wenigstens einer Auspuffrohröffnung versehen ist, die zyklisch durch ein Ventil verschlossen wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Brennkammer (4) einer Schutzvorrichtung (7) gegen Überdruck in dieser Kammer zugeordnet ist, die dazu geeignet ist, diese in Kontakt mit einem Auspuffrohr (15; C1, C2) des Motors zu bringen, wenn der in der Brennkammer (4) herrschende Druck einen vorbestimmten Wert übersteigt.
  2. Brennkraftmaschine gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schutzvorrichtung (7) gegen den vorgenannten Überdruck ein Entladeventil (8) umfaßt, das in einen in den Zylinderkopf (1) des Motors praktizierten Kanal (9) eingebaut und geeignet ist, den vorgenannten Kontakt zwischen der Brennkammer (4) und dem Auspuffrohr (15) herzustellen.
  3. Brennkraftmaschine gemäß Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Entladeventil (8) durch ein Organ wie zum Beispiel eine kleine Kugel gebildet wird, die in geschlossenem Zustand auf einem Sitz (10) unter der Wirkung eines Rückholmittels, wie zum Beispiel einer Feder (11), gehalten wird.
  4. Brennkraftmaschine gemäß Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kanal (9) der Schutzvorrichtung (7) hinter dem Entladeventil mit dem Auspuffrohr (15) über einen Verbindungskanal (14) in Kontakt ist.
  5. Brennkraftmaschine gemäß Anspruch 1, von der Art, bei der in der Brennkammer (4) insbesondere eine Aufnahmebohrung (17) einer Vorheizkerze (18) einmündet, die die Bohrung (17) verschließt, wenn sie dort von den Befestigungsmitteln in Arbeitsposition gehalten wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die vorgenannte Schutzvorrichtung die Befestigungsmittel der Kerze (19) umfaßt, die derart angeordnet sind, daß sie unter der Wirkung eines in der Brennkammer (4) herrschenden Überdrucks nachgeben und somit das Ausstoßen der Kerze (18) und das Inkontaktbringen der Brennkammer mit dem Auspuffrohr des Motors durch den freien Teil der Bohrung (17) erlauben.
  6. Brennkraftmaschine gemäß Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Befestigungsmittel der Kerze (18) eine Muffe (20) umfassen, die von der Kerze (18) durchquert wird und zum Beispiel durch Verschrauben fest mit dem Zylinderkopf (1) des Motors und einer elastischen Scheibe (22) verbunden ist, die zwischen einem unteren Ende der Muffe (20) und einem Absatz (1a) des Zylinderkopfes (1) eingespannt ist und dessen zentraler Teil auf einem Absatz (18a) der Kerze (18) derart aufliegt, daß diese aufliegend auf ihrem Sitz (1b) gehalten wird, wobei der zentrale Teil der elastischen Scheibe (22) Zonen (z1) umfaßt, die durch Schubkraft unter der Wirkung des vorgenannten Überdrucks brechen.
  7. Brennkraftmaschine gemäß Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die vorgenannte Muffe (20) an ihrem äußeren Ende gegenüber der elastischen Scheibe (22) einen internen Absatz umfaßt, gegen den der Absatz (18a) der Kerze (18) beim Ausstoßen derselben aufliegt.
  8. Brennkraftmaschine gemäß Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kerze (18) eine obere Muffe (25) umfaßt, die zum Beispiel durch Verschrauben mit dem Zylinderkopf und einem unteren Körper (18b) fest verbunden ist, der mit der Muffe (25) durch eine ringförmige ausfransbare Zone (z2) verbunden und geeignet ist, letzteren axial durch Brechen dieser Zone (z2) unter der Einwirkung des vorgenannten Überdrucks zu durchqueren.
  9. Brennkraftmaschine gemäß Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Befestigungsmittel der Kerze (18) vom Typ Bajonett sind, wo der Körper der Kerze (18) wenigstens zwei Nocken (28) umfaßt, die jeweils in zwei Rillen (18a, 18b) zur Befestigung der Nocken (28) eingreifen, die in einer Zylinderfassung (29) realisiert sind, die durch die Kerze (18) durchquert wird und zum Beispiel durch Verschrauben mit dem Zylinderkopf (1) des Motors derart fest verbunden ist, daß die Kerze (18) aufliegend auf ihrem Sitz (1b) gehalten wird, wobei die Nocken (28) unter der Wirkung des vorgenannten Überdrucks brechen können.
  10. Brennkraftmaschine gemäß Anspruch 5 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der freie Teil der Bohrung (7) über einen Kanal (24) des Zylinderkopfes mit dem Auspuffrohr (C1, C2) verbunden ist.
EP19970400943 1996-05-03 1997-04-25 Brennkraftmaschine mit Voreinspritzung Expired - Lifetime EP0805266B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9605580A FR2748295B1 (fr) 1996-05-03 1996-05-03 Moteur a combustion interne a au moins une bougie expulsable
FR9605580 1996-05-03
FR9606012A FR2748777B1 (fr) 1996-05-14 1996-05-14 Moteur a combustion interne, a injection pilotee de carburant
FR9606012 1996-05-14

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0805266A1 EP0805266A1 (de) 1997-11-05
EP0805266B1 true EP0805266B1 (de) 2001-11-14

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19970400943 Expired - Lifetime EP0805266B1 (de) 1996-05-03 1997-04-25 Brennkraftmaschine mit Voreinspritzung

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EP (1) EP0805266B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69708199T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2166512T3 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19743061A1 (de) * 1997-09-30 1999-04-01 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Brennkraftmaschine und Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
GB0004271D0 (en) * 2000-02-23 2000-04-12 Bastable Richard A Recirculated compression direct gas injection system

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2922436A (en) * 1956-09-07 1960-01-26 Gen Motors Corp Combined test and safety valve
DE3003864A1 (de) * 1980-02-02 1981-08-13 Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG, 5000 Köln Zylinderkopf einer wassergekuehlten hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine
DE3622261C2 (de) * 1985-07-12 1998-07-02 Volkswagen Ag Glühkerze zur Kaltstarterleichterung für eine Brennkraftmaschine
SU1379493A1 (ru) * 1986-10-28 1988-03-07 Ю.Ф.Кирюшкин и Д.А.Демин Свеча накаливани убирающегос типа дл дизельного двигател
GB2217386A (en) * 1988-04-08 1989-10-25 Ford Motor Co Diesel engine glowplug installation
JPH05118946A (ja) * 1991-10-23 1993-05-14 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd シリンダ内圧力検出装置
JPH04335126A (ja) * 1991-05-10 1992-11-24 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 内圧センサ

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2166512T3 (es) 2002-04-16
EP0805266A1 (de) 1997-11-05
DE69708199D1 (de) 2001-12-20
DE69708199T2 (de) 2002-09-12

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