EP0801226B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Auswertung der Qualität eines Kraftstoff-Luftgemisches - Google Patents
Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Auswertung der Qualität eines Kraftstoff-Luftgemisches Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0801226B1 EP0801226B1 EP97104744A EP97104744A EP0801226B1 EP 0801226 B1 EP0801226 B1 EP 0801226B1 EP 97104744 A EP97104744 A EP 97104744A EP 97104744 A EP97104744 A EP 97104744A EP 0801226 B1 EP0801226 B1 EP 0801226B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ignition
- test pulse
- pulse
- combustion
- fuel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D35/00—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for
- F02D35/02—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
- F02D35/021—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions using an ionic current sensor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
- F02D41/1454—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an oxygen content or concentration or the air-fuel ratio
- F02D41/1458—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an oxygen content or concentration or the air-fuel ratio with determination means using an estimation
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for evaluating the Quality of a fuel-air mixture in one Combustion phase, especially in a gasoline engine which cyclically initiates the combustion phase electrical ignition pulse to a spark plug Combustion chamber is placed. Furthermore, the Invention an apparatus for performing such Process.
- the fuel-air ratio is not individual combustion phases evaluated, so that regulations of the air-fuel ratio are accordingly out of focus.
- DE 28 02 196 C2 describes an ion current probe Detection of the ionization state of reaction mixtures described.
- the ion current probe is with a Evaluation device for the ion current to form a Control or display size connected.
- a Spark plug can be formed, an ignition voltage is applied.
- DE 42 39 803 C2 is one Ionization current detector device for a Internal combustion engine proposed. With this the Combustion of the gas mixture by determining a Combustion pulse are confirmed. It can only be grasped whether there was a burn or not.
- From DE-PS 34 45 539 is an evaluation of Lambda values known in which the time between the Ignition pulse and the spreading of the flame front detected becomes. This time represents the actual lambda value.
- a measurement is used to measure the spread of the flame front Electrode mounted separately in the combustion chamber.
- WO 92/20 912 describes a method and a device to detect misfires in a cylinder an internal combustion engine described.
- EP-A-0 661 449 There are options for evaluating ignition errors also from EP-A-0 661 449, EP-A-0 665 376 and EP-A-0 658 692.
- the quality of the fuel-air mixture is not used to regulate the mixture ratio a subsequent combustion phase.
- the object of the invention is a method and Device for evaluating a fuel-air mixture propose a combustion phase in order to create a low-pollutant fuel-saving and knock-free operation a combustion engine, in particular a gasoline engine, to enable.
- the mixture ratio (lambda value) of in a single combustion phase in Combustion chamber each existing fuel / air mixture is determined.
- the spark plug works in the Combustion chamber as an ionization electrode, the of the mixture ratio dependent ionization of the Combustion chamber each fuel-air mixture the electrical test pulse accordingly affected.
- the active specification of a defined Test pulse leads to more reproducible and better evaluable signals as a passive evaluation of the Ionization of the combustion phase.
- the one derived from influencing the test pulse electrical quantity can be used to control the Mixing ratio of the following combustion phase and / or use the following combustion phases. This can happen that the fuel supply and / or the air supply is increased and / or reduced accordingly the setpoint of the mixture ratio to reach. Preferably in the area of Mixture ratio at which the engine "knocks” tends to re-adjust the ignition timing too “Knock” in the following combustion processes avoid.
- a gasoline engine usually has several combustion chambers (Cylinder). With the invention it is possible Mixture ratio and, if necessary, the ignition timing for register and adjust each cylinder separately.
- An apparatus for performing the method is by the features of claims 12 to 14 characterized.
- This electrical device is simple to integrate into a conventional ignition system.
- a gasoline engine has several combustion chambers (1), from which is shown in Figure 5.
- Combustion chamber (1) By doing Combustion chamber (1), a spark plug (2) is arranged. This is via a valve, not shown Combustion chamber (1) a fuel-air mixture can be supplied, its mixture ratio, for example, with a Ice spray nozzle (3) and a throttle valve (4) adjustable is.
- the spark plug (2) is connected to a secondary winding (5) Ignition coil (6) connected before its primary winding (7) there is an interrupter (8).
- An ignition distributor (9) distributes the ignition pulses on the spark plugs (2) Combustion chambers.
- the combustion phase (V) is one Combustion chamber (1) of a four-stroke gasoline engine indicated. This begins with one over the Breaker (8) and the ignition coil (6) from the spark plug (2) triggered ignition pulse (Z), for example a Has an ignition voltage of 15 kV. It ends depending on the Engine speed after a few ms, after which the exhaust gas from the Combustion chamber (1) is pushed out.
- Both Embodiments according to Figures 1 to 4 is around tv delayed after the ignition timing (t0) during each Combustion phase (V) from a test pulse generator (10) a test pulse (P) shown in broken lines generates.
- Test pulse generator (10) with a signal line (11) the breaker (8) or the secondary winding (5) Ignition coil (6) coupled.
- the test pulse (P) is a Rectangular pulse that includes the combustion phase (V).
- the test pulse begins after the time delay (tv) Time (t1).
- the time delay (tv) is measured that the test pulse before the start of the actual Combustion phase (V) begins.
- the time delay (Tv) is less than 1ms; for example, it is 0.1 ms. Due to the time delay (tv) reverberations of the Ignition voltage filtered out.
- the test pulse (P) ends at Time (t2) after the combustion phase (V). Its duration (tp) is about 15ms maximum.
- the amplitude (U0) remains in front of the resistor (R1) the duration of the test pulse is constant and is behind the Resistance (R1) due to a possible ionization reduced.
- the amplitude of the test pulse (P) is much smaller than the ignition voltage (Uz) Spark plug.
- the maximum value (U0) is Amplitude approximately between 100 V and 1000 V, for example at 600 V.
- test pulse (P) is connected to the measuring resistor (R1) Spark plug (2) placed.
- One at the measuring resistor (R1) Evaluation circuit (12) detects depending on the respective mixture ratio in the combustion chamber (1) due to the different ionization of the fuel-air mixture resulting change in amplitude or Measurement signal curve (Pio) compared to the test pulse (P) with the maximum value (U0).
- Test leads (16, 17) are used for this in front of and behind the measuring resistor (R1) on the Evaluation circuit (12) are laid and one Apply differential voltage to this.
- Figures 2, 3 and 4 show such amplitude changes or Measurement signal changes based on measurement results.
- This change affects the Evaluation circuit (12) and evaluates it to control the Injection nozzle (3) via a control line (13) and / or Control of the throttle valve (4) via a control line (14) and to control the ignition timing of the Breaker (8) via a control line (15).
- a setpoint (S) is applied to the evaluation circuit (12), which specifies the desired mixture ratio. According to the deviation from the nominal value (S), the Evaluation circuit (12) the fuel and / or air supply via the control lines (13, 14).
- the test pulse (P) is over the measuring resistor (R1) to the spark plug (2).
- the Secondary winding (5) is through one or more voltage-dependent resistors (R2) from the test pulse (P) decoupled. This will be on the spark plug (2), but not effective on the secondary winding (5).
- the voltage-dependent resistors (R2) are in series Secondary winding (5). They set the ignition voltage (Uz) a small resistor and for the test pulse (P) they represent a great resistance simple circuit achieved the one hand ensures that the ignition pulse (Z) undisturbed on the Spark plug (2) can act and the other hand Test pulse (P) after the ignition pulse (7) undisturbed Spark plug (2) arrives.
- the measurement signal pulse (Pio) can be evaluated by appropriate interpretation of the evaluation circuit (12) in done in different ways:
- the evaluation circuit (12) integrates the course of the Measuring signal pulse (Pio), which is due to the Influence of the test pulse (P) by the ionization in the respective combustion process (V) results in Time, namely the duration of the test pulse (P) (see Fig. 2A, 3A, 4A).
- the evaluation circuit (12) integrates the course of the Measuring signal pulse (Pio), which is due to the Influence of the test pulse (P) by the ionization in the respective combustion process (V) results in Time, namely the duration of the test pulse (P) (see Fig. 2A, 3A, 4A).
- the hatched Area (integrals) of the measurement signal curves in the Figures 2A, 3A, 4A shows this area is at a lambda value of approximately 1 (cf. FIG. 3A) clearly greater than with lambda ⁇ 1 and lambda> 1 (see FIGS. 2A, 4A), what can be easily evaluated by the evaluation circuit (12) and can be used
- the evaluation circuit (12) turns on Threshold value (Uschw) specified that is smaller than that Amplitudes (U1, U2, U3).
- the evaluation circuit (12) detects the time period (tschw), after which the measurement signal (Pio) Threshold (Uschw) reached.
- the beginning of the period (tschw) can refer to the time (t1) of the beginning of the Test pulse (P) (see. Fig. 2C, 3C, 4C) or on the Ignition timing (t0) can be set.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Testing Of Engines (AREA)
- Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Ignition Timing (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Description
- Figur 5 schematisch ein Schaltbild zur Erzeugung und Auswertung des Prüfimpulses nach den Figuren 1 bis 4.
Claims (10)
- Verfahren zum Auswerten der Qualität eines Kraftstoff-Luftgemisches in einer Verbrennungsphase, insbesondere bei einem Ottomotor, bei dem zyklisch ein die Verbrennungsphase einleitender elektrischer Zündimpuls an eine Zündkerze eines Verbrennungsraums gelegt wird,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass während der Verbrennungsphase (V) folgend auf den Zündimpuls (Z) ein elektrischer Prüfimpuls (P) an die Zündkerze gelegt und dass die durch das jeweilige Kraftstoff-Luftgemisch des Verbrennungsraums erfolgende Beeinflussung des Prüfimpulses (P) als elektrische Größe derart erfasst wird, dass sie dem Gemischverhältnis des Kraftstoff-Luftgemischs entspricht, und dass die elektrische Größe zur Steuerung des Gemischverhältnisses des Kraftstoff-Luftgemisches der folgenden Verbrennungsphase (V) oder der folgenden Verbrennungsphasen (V) ausgewertet wird. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die elektrische Größe zur Steuerung des Zündzeitpunktes des oder der folgenden Zündimpulse(Z) ausgewertet wird. - Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Prüfimpuls(P) etwa der Dauer der Verbrennungsphase(V) entspricht. - Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Amplitude des Prüfimpulses(P) auf einen vorbestimmten Maximalwert(U0) ausgelegt wird, der wesentlich kleiner als die Zündspannung des Zündimpulses (Z) ist, wobei sich der Istwert der Amplitudedes Prüfimpulses(P) entsprechend dem jeweiligen Gemischverhältnis des Kraftstoff-Luftgemisches im jeweiligen Verbrennungsvorgang gegenüber dem Maximalwert (U0) verkleinert und dies ausgewertet wird, und daß die Höhe des infolge des Prüfimpulses(P) auftretenden Meßsignals(Pio) nach einer vorgegebenen Zeit(ts) ausgewertet wird, wobei der Meßzeitpunkt(t3) innerhalb der Dauer des Prüfimpulses(P) liegt. - Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Amplitude des Prüfimpulses(P) auf einen vorbestimmten Maximalwert(U0) ausgelegt wird, der wesentlich kleiner als die Zündspannung des Zündimpulses (Z) ist, und daß das Integral des durch das jeweilige Mischverhältnis beeinflußten Meßsignalverlaufs(Pio) während des Prüfimpulses(P) ausgewertet wird. - Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Amplitude des Prüfimpulses(P) auf einen vorbestimmten Maximalwert(U0) ausgelegt wird, der wesentlich kleiner als die Zündspannung des Zündimpulses(Z) ist, und daß der Zeitpunkt(tschw) des Erreichens eines Meßsignalschwellwerts(Uschw) ausgewertet wird. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 5 und 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ab dem Zeitpunkt des Erreichens des Meßsignalschwellwerts(Uschw) der weitere Meßsignalverlauf durch Integration ausgewertet wird. - Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche bei einem Ottomotor mit einem den Zündimpuls auslösenden Unterbrecher und einer den Zündimpuls erzeugenden Zündspule,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Prüfimpulsgenerator(10) den Zündzeitpunkt am Unterbrecher(8) erfaßt und mit einer Verzögerungszeit(tv) den Prüfimpuls(P) erzeugt und daß der Prüfimpulsgenerator (10) mit der Zündkerze(2) und einer Auswerteschaltung(12) verbunden ist, die den von dem jeweiligen Kraftstoff-Luftgemisch im Verbrennungsraum(1) beeinflußten Prüfimpuls(P) auswertet. - Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Prüfimpulsgenerator(10) über einen Meßwiderstand (R1) an die Zündkerze(2) und die Auswerteschaltung(12) gelegt ist. - Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 8 oder 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein oder mehrere spannungsabhängige Widerstände(R2) in Reihe zur Sekundärwicklung(5) der Zündspule(6) geschaltet sind, und somit den Prüfimpuls(P) von der Sekundärwicklung(5) entkoppeln.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19614388 | 1996-04-12 | ||
| DE19614388A DE19614388C1 (de) | 1996-04-12 | 1996-04-12 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Auswertung der Qualität eines Kraftstoff-Luftgemisches |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0801226A2 EP0801226A2 (de) | 1997-10-15 |
| EP0801226A3 EP0801226A3 (de) | 1999-05-06 |
| EP0801226B1 true EP0801226B1 (de) | 2002-10-16 |
Family
ID=7791028
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP97104744A Expired - Lifetime EP0801226B1 (de) | 1996-04-12 | 1997-03-20 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Auswertung der Qualität eines Kraftstoff-Luftgemisches |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5811670A (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0801226B1 (de) |
| JP (2) | JP3796003B2 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE226280T1 (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2200661A1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE19614388C1 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2184912T3 (de) |
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| DE10332629A1 (de) * | 2003-07-18 | 2005-02-24 | Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren zur Überwachung einer Breitbandsonde |
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| JP3277079B2 (ja) * | 1993-12-28 | 2002-04-22 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | 燃焼状態検出装置 |
| JPH07217520A (ja) * | 1994-01-28 | 1995-08-15 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | 燃焼状態検出装置 |
| JP3126872B2 (ja) * | 1994-05-12 | 2001-01-22 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 燃料の混合比率検知装置 |
| JPH08135554A (ja) * | 1994-11-09 | 1996-05-28 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 内燃機関失火検出回路 |
| US5636620A (en) * | 1996-05-22 | 1997-06-10 | General Motors Corporation | Self diagnosing ignition control |
-
1996
- 1996-04-12 DE DE19614388A patent/DE19614388C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-03-20 AT AT97104744T patent/ATE226280T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-03-20 DE DE59708469T patent/DE59708469D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-03-20 ES ES97104744T patent/ES2184912T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-03-20 EP EP97104744A patent/EP0801226B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-03-21 CA CA002200661A patent/CA2200661A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-03-25 JP JP10999997A patent/JP3796003B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-04-04 US US08/835,074 patent/US5811670A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2005
- 2005-10-20 JP JP2005305122A patent/JP2006083866A/ja active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10332629A1 (de) * | 2003-07-18 | 2005-02-24 | Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren zur Überwachung einer Breitbandsonde |
| DE10332629B4 (de) * | 2003-07-18 | 2005-07-14 | Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren zur Überwachung einer Breitbandsonde |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0801226A2 (de) | 1997-10-15 |
| US5811670A (en) | 1998-09-22 |
| CA2200661A1 (en) | 1997-10-12 |
| EP0801226A3 (de) | 1999-05-06 |
| DE19614388C1 (de) | 1997-07-03 |
| DE59708469D1 (de) | 2002-11-21 |
| ES2184912T3 (es) | 2003-04-16 |
| JP3796003B2 (ja) | 2006-07-12 |
| JPH1048184A (ja) | 1998-02-20 |
| JP2006083866A (ja) | 2006-03-30 |
| ATE226280T1 (de) | 2002-11-15 |
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