EP0546827B1 - Zustandsdetektion- und Steuerungsvorrichtung der Verbrennung für eine Brennkraftmaschine - Google Patents

Zustandsdetektion- und Steuerungsvorrichtung der Verbrennung für eine Brennkraftmaschine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0546827B1
EP0546827B1 EP19920311273 EP92311273A EP0546827B1 EP 0546827 B1 EP0546827 B1 EP 0546827B1 EP 19920311273 EP19920311273 EP 19920311273 EP 92311273 A EP92311273 A EP 92311273A EP 0546827 B1 EP0546827 B1 EP 0546827B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
fuel ratio
fuel
internal combustion
combustion engine
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP19920311273
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0546827A3 (de
EP0546827A2 (de
Inventor
Shigeru C/O Ngk Spark Plug Co. Ltd. Miyata
Hideji c/o NGK SPARK PLUG CO. LTD. Yoshida
Yoshihiro C/O Ngk Spark Plug Co. Ltd. Matsubara
Yasuo c/o NGK SPARK PLUG CO. LTD. Ito
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Niterra Co Ltd
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NGK Spark Plug Co Ltd
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Publication date
Priority claimed from JP3326138A external-priority patent/JP2525979B2/ja
Priority claimed from JP18620992A external-priority patent/JPH064617A/ja
Priority claimed from JP4174398A external-priority patent/JP2914825B2/ja
Application filed by NGK Spark Plug Co Ltd filed Critical NGK Spark Plug Co Ltd
Publication of EP0546827A2 publication Critical patent/EP0546827A2/de
Publication of EP0546827A3 publication Critical patent/EP0546827A3/xx
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Publication of EP0546827B1 publication Critical patent/EP0546827B1/de
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P17/00—Testing of ignition installations, e.g. in combination with adjusting; Testing of ignition timing in compression-ignition engines
    • F02P17/12—Testing characteristics of the spark, ignition voltage or current
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D35/00—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02D35/02—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
    • F02D35/021—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions using an ionic current sensor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P17/00—Testing of ignition installations, e.g. in combination with adjusting; Testing of ignition timing in compression-ignition engines
    • F02P2017/006—Testing of ignition installations, e.g. in combination with adjusting; Testing of ignition timing in compression-ignition engines using a capacitive sensor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P17/00—Testing of ignition installations, e.g. in combination with adjusting; Testing of ignition timing in compression-ignition engines
    • F02P17/12—Testing characteristics of the spark, ignition voltage or current
    • F02P2017/121—Testing characteristics of the spark, ignition voltage or current by measuring spark voltage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P17/00—Testing of ignition installations, e.g. in combination with adjusting; Testing of ignition timing in compression-ignition engines
    • F02P17/12—Testing characteristics of the spark, ignition voltage or current
    • F02P2017/123—Generating additional sparks for diagnostics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P17/00—Testing of ignition installations, e.g. in combination with adjusting; Testing of ignition timing in compression-ignition engines
    • F02P17/12—Testing characteristics of the spark, ignition voltage or current
    • F02P2017/125—Measuring ionisation of combustion gas, e.g. by using ignition circuits

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a combustion condition detecting and control device for an internal combustion engine which is capable of detecting and controlling an air-fuel ratio of an air-fuel mixture gas at a lean limit and a theoretical range so as to ensure a stable running of the internal combustion engine.
  • an air-fuel sensor is used to detect an air-fuel ratio of the air-fuel mixture gas on the basis of an oxygen component and an unconsumed fuel in the exhaust gas to carry out a lean burning in each cylinder of the internal combustion engine.
  • the air-fuel ratio is controlled to normally burn the leanest air-fuel mixture gas by considering the concentration variation of the mixture gas depending on the cylinder of the internal combustion engine. For this reason, the air-fuel ratio of the mixture gas tends to be greater so as to invite difficulty in purifying emition gas and enhancing fuel efficiency of internal combustion engine.
  • the invention is made on the basis of the fact that an electrical current variation flowing between electrodes of a spark plug increases with the air-fuel mixture gas approaching to a critical air-fuel ratio which is in a lower limit the internal combustion engine can run.
  • EP-A-0,513,995 which is prior art by virtue of Article 54(3) only, discloses an apparatus in which misfires are detected by charging the inherent stray capacitance of the spark plug after discharge and observing the rate of decay of that charge.
  • a combustion condition detecting device for use in an internal combustion engine which includes an ignition circuit having a primary coil and a secondary coil connected to a spark plug by way of a diode and a series gap of a distributor, and having an interrupter means which on-off actuates a primary current flowing through the primary coil to induce secondary voltage across the secondary coil to apply a high voltage across electrodes of a spark plug through the diode and the series gap of the distributor so as to establish a spark discharge between electrodes of the spark plug;
  • the combustion condition detecting device comprising:
  • the electrical charge stored in the inherent capacitance of the spark plug discharges as an ionized current across the electrodes.
  • An amount of the electrical discharge varies depending on ionized particles appeared around the electrodes when the sparking discharge ignites an air-fuel mixture gas.
  • the variation of the electrical discharge increases as an air-fuel ratio of the mixture gas approaches a lean burning limit, and a certain limit which an exhaust gas recirculation can be carried out.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of an internal combustion engine 100 into which a burning detecting device 500 and a burning control device 500a are incorporated.
  • an air-fuel (A/F) sensor provided which has a combination of pumping element and an oxygen sensor to detect an air-fuel ratio in an air-fuel mixture gas on the basis of an oxygen component and uncosumed fuel component of the mixture gas.
  • a fuel injector 301 provided which injects an appropriate amount of fuel into each cylinder of the internal combustion engine 100.
  • an ignition system 400 there is provided has a primary circuit 11 having an ignition coil 1 which includes a primary coil 1a, and a secondary circuit 12a having a secondary coil 1b with a vehicular battery cell (V) as a power source.
  • the primary coil 1a is electrically connected in series with a switching device 41 and a signal generator 42 to form an on-off actuating circuit 4, while the secondary coil 1b is electrically connected to a rotor 2a of a distributor 2 by way of a diode 22.
  • the distributor 2 has stationary segments (Ra), the number of which corresponds to that of the cylinders of the internal combustion engine 100.
  • each of the stationary segments (Ra) is an free end of the rotor 2a adapted to approaches so as to make a rotor gap 21 (series gap) with the corresponding segments (Ra).
  • Each of the segments (Ra) is connected to a spark plug 3 by way of a sparkplug cable 4A.
  • the spark plug 3 has a center electrode and an outer electrode to form a spark gap between the electrodes, across which a spark discharging occurs when energized.
  • the burning condition detecting device 500 includes the diode 22, a voltage charging circuit and a voltage divider circuit 5 which has a high impedance element 51 and a low impedance element 52 through which the sparkplug cable 4A is grounded.
  • the voltage divider circuit 5 divides a sparkplug voltage in accordance with a ratio of the high impedance element 51 to the low impedance element 52.
  • the on-off actuating circuit 4 serves as the voltage charging circuit to on-off actuate the primary coil 1a to induce a high voltage in the secondary coil 1b so as to electrically charge a static capacity inherent in the spark plug 3 at a predetermined time after an end of the sparking discharge.
  • an attenuation detecting circuit 6 connected to detect an attenuation characteristics of a sparkplug voltage waveform.
  • a control circuit 7 To the attenuation detecting circuit 6, is a control circuit 7 to detect a variation dgree of the attenuation characteristics of the sparkplug voltage waveform as described hereinafter.
  • the on-off actuating circuit 4 detects a crank angle and a throttling degree of the engine to on-off actuate the primary coil 1a to induce the high voltage in the secondary coil 1b so that the timing of the spark corresponds to an advancement angle relevant to a revolution and load of the internal combustion engine 100.
  • a capacitor (1 pF) serves as the high impedance element 51, while a capacitor (3000 pF) serves as the low impedance element 52 to divide the sparkplug voltage in accordance with the ratio of the capacitor (1 pF) to the capacitor (3000 pF).
  • an electrical resistor 53 e.g. 2 M ⁇ connected in parallel therewith so as to form a discharge path for the capacitor 52.
  • the voltage divider circuit 5 allows to divide the sparkplug voltage by the order of 1/3000, which makes it possible to determine a time constant of RC path to be approximately 6 milliseconds to render an attenuation time length relatively longer (3 milliseconds) as described hereinafter. Then the sparkplug voltage of 30000 V is divided to a level of 10 V, and inputted to the attenuation detecting circuit 6.
  • the attenuation detecting circuit 6 has a peak hold circuit 61, to which an output from the voltage divider circuit 5 is fed.
  • the attenuation detecting circuit 6 has a resistor circuit 62 which divides an output from the peak hold circuit 61, and having a comparator 63 to compare an output voltage from the resistor circuit 62 with an output voltage (reference voltage) from the voltage divider circuit 5, and producing a pulse to detect such a time length as to hold more than a predetermined voltage level in the sparkplug voltage waveform divided by the voltage divider circuit 5.
  • the control circuit 7 has a feedback means 7a, a distinction means 7b, an adjusting means 7c and a renewal means 7d, each means of which is referred to as a circuit for the purpose of convinience hereinafter.
  • the feedback circuit 7a controls an amount of the fuel from the fuel injector 301 in each cylinder, and feeding back to an air-fuel sensor 201, so that the air-fuel ratio (A/F) of the mixture gas is a lean air-fuel ratio which is predetermined on the basis of the stored data experimentally measured or calculated according to the running condition of the internal combustion engine 100.
  • the distinction circuit 7b detects an air-fuel ratio of the air-fuel mixture gas corresponding to a stable burning limit of the internal combustion engine 100 on the basis of the attenuation detecting circuit 6.
  • the adjusting circuit 7c adjusts an amount of fuel injected from the injector 301 to make the air-fuel ratio of the air-fuel mixture gas approach to a critical air-fuel ratio substantially corresponding to that of the stable burning limit in each cylinder of the internal combustion engine 100.
  • the renewal circuit 7d renews the lean air-fuel ratio to approach it to a target air-fuel ratio which is determined on the basis of the critical air-fuel ratio.
  • the amount of the fuel injected from the injector 301 is controlled so that the air-fuel ratio of the air-fuel mixture gas is the lean air fuel ratio (e.g. 20:1) which is leaner than a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio which is determined to be rather fuel-rich considering the air-fuel ratio variation in each cylinder of the internal combustion engine 100.
  • the air-fuel ratio is detected by the air-fuel sensor 201, and fed back to the injector 301 so as to obviate the difference from the target air-fuel ratio.
  • the air-fuel ratio in each cylinder of the internal combustion engine 100 is adjusted to be the critical air-fuel ratio substantially corresponding to that of the stable burning limit in each cylinder of the internal combustion engine 100 in the following manner.
  • the signal generator 42 generates pulse signals (a), (b) as shown at (A) in Fig. 2 in order to induce a primary current in the primary circuit 11 as shown at (B) in Fig. 2.
  • the pulse (a) of wider width (h) energizes the spark plug 3 to establish the spark between the electrodes of the spark plug 3.
  • the pulse (b) following the pulse (a) delays by the time (i) of 0.5 ⁇ 1.5 ms.
  • the pulse (b) has a thinner width to electrically charge the stray capacity inherent in the the spark plug 3.
  • the sparkplug voltage appears in the secondary coil 1b of the secondary circuit 12a as shown at (C) in Fig. 2. Due to the high voltage (p) established following the termination of the pulse signal (a), the sparking discharge starts to occur between the electrodes, and accompanying an inductive discharge voltage waveform (q).
  • a counter-electromotive voltage accompanies a negative voltage waveform (r) flowing through the secondary circuit 12a, and a voltage waveform (s) follows.
  • the sparkplug voltage is enhanced again to induce the voltage waveform (s) through the secondary circuit 12a when the primary coil 1a is deenergized.
  • the enhanced voltage level is determined as desired by the delay time (i) and the width of the pulse signals (b).
  • the level of the voltage waveform (s) is 4 - 6 KV, the magnitude of which is enough to break down the rotor gap 21, but not enough to establish a discharge between the electrodes of the spark plug 3 when the air-fuel mixture gas staying in the spark gap is free from ionized particles.
  • the diode 22 prevents an electrical charge (3 - 5 KV) in the spark plug 3 from being released to the ignition coil 1 by way of the rotor gap 21 so as not to drop the voltage of the spark plug 3. This makes it possible to store the electrical charge (3 - 5 KV) in the stray capacity (usually 10 - 20 pF) inherent in the spark plug 3.
  • Width variation of the discharged current waveform is in the narrow range as shown at (52) when the air-fuel ratio is generally 15:1.
  • width variation of the discharged current waveform is in the exceedingly wider range as shown at (S1).
  • the width variation of the discharged current waveform is detected by the attenuation detecting circuit 6 in the following manner.
  • a peak voltage of the charged voltage is held by the peak hold circuit 61, and the peak voltage is divided by 1/3 to provide a reference voltage (v) which is compared with an output voltage waveform by the comparator 63.
  • the comparator 63 determines a time length which holds the output voltage waveform higher than the reference voltage (v) to generate pulses t1 ⁇ t4 as shown at (E) in Fig. 2.
  • the pulses t1 ⁇ t4 are fed to the control circuit 7.
  • the width of the pulses t2, t4 corresponds to a magnitude of the attenuation time variation of the charged voltage waveform.
  • the pulse t2 shows that the attenuation time variation of the charged voltage waveform is great when an air-fuel ratio of the air-fuel mixture gas generally corresponds to the stable burning limit in each cylinder of the internal combustion engine 100.
  • the variation of the concecutive ten pulses t2 deviated from the reference value is totaled in each cylinder of the internal combustion engine 100.
  • the air-fuel ratio approaches to the critical air-fuel ratio generally corresponding to that of the stable burning limit in each cylinder of the internal combustion engine 100.
  • the amount of the fuel from the injector 301 is adjusted to carry out the lean burning in each cylinder of the internal combustion engine 100.
  • the renewal circuit 7d of the control circuit 7 renews the lean air-fuel ratio (20:1) to approach it to approach it to the target air-fuel ratio (e.g. 22:1) which is determined on the basis of the critical air-fuel ratio totaled in each cylinder of the internal combustion engine 100 in adjusting the amount of the fuel from the injector 301.
  • a control circuit 70 is employed as shown in Fig. 2a.
  • the control circuit 70 has a feedback circuit 70a which adjusts an amount of the fuel from the injector 301 in each cylinder of the internal combustion engine 100, and feeding back to the injector 301 so that the air-fuel ratio of the air-fuel mixture gas become a target air-fuel ratio which is predetermined on the basis of the stored data experimentally measured or calculated according to the running condition of the internal combustion engine 100.
  • the attenuation detecting circuit 6 detects a variation of the air-fuel ratio in each cylinder, and accumulating deviation from the reference value of the pulse t2 which corresponds to the air-fuel ratio in each cylinder of the internal combustion engine 100.
  • the injector 301 is controlled to reduce the diviation from the reference value of the pulse t2 to decrease the variation of the air-fuel ratio in each cylinder of the internal combustion engine 100.
  • the injector 301 is controlled to make the target air-fuel ratio approach to e.g. 22:1 which is leaner than the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio predetermined on the basis of the variation of air-fuel ratio in each cylinder of the internal combustion engine 100.
  • the target air-fuel ratio is detected by the air-fuel sensor 201, and fed back so as to eliminate the deviation from the target value.
  • the attenuation detecting circuit 6 detects the variation of the air-fuel ratio in each cylinder to adjust it with a total amount of the injected fuel unchanged.
  • numerals 70b, 70c respectively correspond to the distinction circuit 7b, 7c in the first modification form of the invention.
  • a control circuit 80 employs an oxygen sensor 82, an output voltage from which rapidly decreases because an oxygen component in the exhaust gas increases when the air-fuel ratio of the air-fuel mixture gas is leaner than the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio. For this reason, as shown in Fig. 3, the control circuit 80 has a feedback circuit 80a which controls the injector 301 in each cylinder to make the air-fuel ratio approach the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio. As shown at t5, t6 in Fig. 3a, the variation of the attenuation time length of the output voltage waveform reduces so that the air-fuel ratio of the mixture gas becomes 15:1 or 14.7:1 in some cylinders. In this instance, the variation of the attenuation time length is exceedingly small, it is necessary to precisely detect the variation in each cylinder of the internal combustion engine 100.
  • the attenuation detecting circuit 6 detects a variation of the air-fuel ratio in each cylinder of the internal combustion engine 100, and accumulating deviation from the reference value of the pulse t5 (t6) which corresponds to the air-fuel ratio in each cylinder of the internal combustion engine 100.
  • the injector 301 is controlled to reduce the deviation from the reference value of the pulse t5 (t6) to decrease the variation of the air-fuel ratio in each cylinder of the internal combustion engine 100.
  • the attenuation detecting circuit 6 detects the variation of the air-fuel ratio in each cylinder to adjust it with a total amount of the injected fuel unchanged.
  • munerals 80b, 80c respectively correspond to the distinction circuit 7b, 7c in the first modification form of the invention.
  • the control circuit 80 is effectively employed to an Exhaust Gas Recirculation System (EGR) in which a part of the exhaust gas is returned to the air-intake system to be added to the air-fuel mixture gas. It is difficult to increase the exhaust gas recirculation rate to the stable burning limit in each cylinder when a variation of the exhaust gas recirculation rate differs by each cylinder of the internal combustion engine.
  • the control circuit 80 makes it possible to effectively carry out the exhaust gas recirculation by detecting the variation of the exhaust gas recirculation rate on the basis of the air-fuel ratio in each cylinder of the internal combustion engine.
  • the control circuit 80 makes it possible to adjust the air-fuel ratio in each cylinder to an optimum air-fuel ratio in accordance with the warm-up running condition of the internal combustion engine.
  • the voltage charging circuit may be provided independent of the on-off actuating circuit 4 used at the time on-off actuating the primary coil 1a. It is also noted that in a distributorless ignitor, a diode is generally provided to prevent the backward flow of the current except when the high voltage is applied to a spark plug. In the invention, the diode functions as a checker of the backward flow of the sparkplug voltage.
  • the polarity of the ignition coil 1 may be positive or negative, but the positive polarity of the ignition coil 1 will do better in precisely detecting the output voltage waveform shown at (C), (D) in Fig. 2. It is noted that the on-off actuating timing may be determined with the crank angle of the engine as a reference, so that the ATDC (After Top Dead Center) is e.g. 10 degrees to precisely cope with the running condition of the engine such as a change of the engine revolution.
  • a control circuit 90 employs an angular sensor 8 which detects an angular velocity of a crank in the internal combustion engine 100 as shown in Fig. 4.
  • the angular velocity of the crank varies with the increase of the air-fuel ratio of the air-fuel mixture gas in each cylinder of the internal combustion engine 100.
  • the angular velocity of the crank varies so that the air-fuel ratio exceeds e.g. 22:1, it is impossible to maintain a stable burning condition in each cylinder of the internal combustion engine 100 as understood from Fig. 5.
  • the control circuit 90 further has a feedback circuit 90a, a distinction circuit 90b, an adjusting circuit 90c and an renewal circuit 90d a shown in Fig. 5a.
  • A/F 20
  • the feedback circcuit 90a works as described in the first modification form of the invention.
  • the distinction circuit 90b detects an air-fuel ratio of the air-fuel mixture gas corresponding to a stable burning limit of the internal combustion engine 100 on the basis of an output from the attenuation detecting circuit 6.
  • the adjusting circuit 90c adjusts an amount of the injected fuel from the injector 301 to make the air-fuel ratio of the air-fuel mixture gas approach to a critical air-fuel ratio which is substantially corresponding to that of the stable burning limit in each cylinder of the internal combustion engine 100.
  • the renewal circuit 90d renews the lean air-fuel ratio to approach it to a target air-fuel ratio which is determined on the basis of the critical air-fuel ratio.
  • a control circuit 95 employs a combustion pressure sensor 9 which detects a combustion pressure in a specified cylinder of the internal combustion engine 100 as shown in Fig. 6.
  • the combustion pressure varies with the increase of the air-fuel ratio of the air-fuel mixture gas in each cylinder of the internal combustion engine 100.
  • the combustion pressure varies so that the air-fuel ratio exceeds e.g. 22:1, it is impossible to maintain a stable burning condition in each cylinder of the internal combustion engine 100 as understood from Fig. 7.
  • the control circuit 95 further has a feedback circuit 95a, a distinction circuit 95 b, an adjusting circuit 95c and an renewal circuit 95d.
  • the feedback circuit 95a works as described in the first modification form of the invention.
  • the distinction circuit 95b detects an air-fuel ratio of the air-fuel mixture gas corresponding to a stable burning limit of the internal combustion engine 100 on the basis of an output from the attenuation detecting circuit 6.
  • the adjusting circuit 95c adjusts an amount of the injected fuel from the injector 301 to make the air-fuel ratio of the air-fuel mixture gas approach to a critical air-fuel ratio which is substantially corresponding to that of the stable burning limit in each cylinder of the internal combustion engine 100.
  • the renewal circuit 95d renews the lean air-fuel ratio to approach it to a target air-fuel ratio which is determined on the basis of the critical air-fuel ratio.
  • combustion pressure sensor may be incorporated into the spark plug, or otherwise the combustion pressure sensor may be installed independently of the spark plug.

Claims (10)

  1. Vorrichtung zur Erfassung der Verbrennungsbedingungen für einen Verbrennungsmotor, der einen Zündstromkreis mit einer Primärwicklung (la) und einer Sekundärwicklung (1b) enthält, die über eine Diode (22) und eine in Serie geschaltete Funkenstrecke (21) eines Verteilers mit einer Zündkerze (3) verbunden ist, und der eine Unterbrechereinrichtung (4) aufweist, die einen Primärstrom ein- und ausschaltet, der durch die Primärwicklung fließt, um eine Sekundärspannung in der Sekundärwicklung zu induzieren, um eine hohe Spannung über die Diode und die in Serie geschaltete Funkenstrecke des Verteilers an die Elektroden einer Zündkerze anzulegen, so daß eine Funkenentladung zwischen den Elektroden der Zündkerze stattfindet; wobei die Vorrichtung zur Erfassung der Verbrennungsbedingungen folgendes umfaßt:
    eine Einrichtung zur elektrischen Aufladung von Streukapazitäten der Zündkerze, um eine Spannung an der Zündkerze entweder während des Aufbaus der Funkenentladung oder während einer vorbestimmten Zeit unmittelbar nach dem Ende der Funkenentladung aufzubauen;
    eine Spannungsteilerschaltung (5), die die Spannung der Zündkerze entsprechend einer hohen Impedanz (51) und einer niedrigen Impedanz (52) teilt;
    eine Spannungserfassungsschaltung (61), die die Wellenform der Spannung an der Zündkerze nach der Teilung durch die Spannungsteilerschaltung erfaßt; und
    eine Dämpfungserfassungsschaltung (63, 7b), die den Grad der Variation einer Bedämpfungszeit der Wellenform der Zündkerzenspannung erfaßt und daraus eine Variation des Kraftstoff/Luftverhältnisses eines gasförmigen Kraftstoff/Luftgemisches bestimmt, das durch ein Einspritzventil in einen Zylinder des Verbrennungsmotors eingespritzt wird.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, bei der die Einrichtung zur elektrischen Aufladung der Streukapazitäten eine Spannungsladeschaltung (4) umfaßt, die durch Ein/Ausschalten der primärwicklung eine Ladespannung im Sekundärkrkeis induziert.
  3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, bei der die Einrichtung zur elektrischen Aufladung der Streukapazitäten elektrische Restenergie im Zündstromkreis nutzt, um die Streukapazitäten der Zündkerze unmittelbar nach dem Ende der Funkenentladung zwischen den Elektroden der Zündkerze aufzuladen.
  4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, des weiteren umfassend:
    einen Sensor (201) für das Kraftstoff/Luftverhältnis in einem Abgaspfad (200) des Verbrennungsmotors (100), um ein Kraftstoff/Luftverhältnis des gasförmigen Kraftstoff/Luftgemisches auf Basis eines Sauerstoffanteils und eines unverbrannten Kraftstoffanteils in einem Abgasstrom in dem Abgaspfad zu erfassen; und
    einen Steuerkreis (7a - d) mit:
    (a) einer Rückkopplungseinrichtung zur Regelung einer Menge des durch das Einspritzventil in jeden Zylinder des Verbrennungsmotors eingespritzten Kraftstoffs und zur Rückmeldung an das Einspritzventil, so daß das Kraftstoff/Luftverhältnis des gasförmigen Kraftstoff/Luftgemisches einem mageren Verhältnis entspricht, das anhand von Daten vorbestimmt wird, die experimentell ermittelt oder entsprechend den Betriebsbedingungen des Verbrennungsmotors errechnet wurden;
    (b) einer Unterscheidungseinrichtung, die bereitgestellt ist, um ein Kraftstoff/Luftverhältnis des gasförmigen Kraftstoff/Luftgemisches entsprechend der Grenze für eine stabile Verbrennung in jedem Zylinder des Verbrennungsmotors auf Basis eines Ausgangssignals von der Bedämpfungserfassungsschaltung zu erfassen;
    (c) einer Regulierungseinrichtung zur Regulierung einer durch das Einspritzventil eingespritzten Kraftstoffmenge, um das Kraftstoff/Luftverhältnis des gasförmigen Kraftstoff/Luftgemisches einem kritischen Kraftstoff/Luftverhältnis anzunähern, das im wesentlichen demjenigen der Grenze für eine stabile Verbrennung in jedem Zylinder des Verbrennungsmotors entspricht;
    (d) einer Aktualisierungseinrichtung zur Aktualisierung des mageren Kraftstoff/Luftverhältnisses, um dieses einem Zielwert für das Kraftstoff/Luftverhältnis anzunähern, der auf Basis des kritischen Kraftstoff/Luftverhältnisses bestimmt wird.
  5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, des weiteren umfassend:
    einen Sensor (201) für das Kraftstoff/Luftverhältnis in einem Abgaspfad (200) des Verbrennungsmotors (100), um ein Kraftstoff/Luftverhältnis des gasförmigen Kraftstoff/Luftgemisches auf Basis eines Sauerstoffanteils und eines unverbrannten Kraftstoffanteils in einem Abgasstrom in dem Abgaspfad zu erfassen; und
    einen Steuerkreis zur Regelung einer Menge des durch das Einspritzventil eingespritzten Kraftstoffs auf Basis eines Ausgangs von dem Kraftstoff/Luftsensor, so daß das Kraftstoff/Luftverhältnis des gasförmigen Kraftstoff/Luftgemisches einem Zielwert für das Kraftstoff/Luftverhältnis entspricht, der entsprechend den Betriebsbedingungen des Verbrennungsmotors vorbestimmt wurde, und zur Erfassung einer Verbrennungsbedingung in jedem Zylinder des Verbrennungsmotors auf Basis der Bedämpfungserfassungsschaltung, um die Menge des eingespritzten Kraftstoffs so zu regulieren, daß die Verbrennungsbedingungen in jedem Zylinder des Verbrennungsmotors im wesentlichen gleich werden.
  6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, des weiteren umfassend:
    einen Sensor (201) für das Kraftstoff/Luftverhältnis in einem Abgaspfad (200) des Verbrennungsmotors (100), um ein Kraftstoff/Luftverhältnis des gasförmigen Kraftstoff/Luftgemisches auf Basis eines Sauerstoffanteils und eines unverbrannten Kraftstoffanteils in einem Abgasstrom in dem Abgaspfad zu erfassen;
    einen Sauerstoffsensor (82) in einem Abgaspfad des Verbrennungsmotors, um auf Basis eines Sauerstoffanteils und eines unverbrannten Kraftstoffanteils in einem Abgasstrom des Abgaspfads zu erfassen, ob ein Kraftstoff/Luftverhältnis des gasförmigen Kraftstoff/Luftgemisches größer ist als das stöchiometrische Kraftstoff/Luftverhältnis oder nicht; und
    einen Steuerkreis (80a - b) zur Regelung einer Menge des durch das Einspritzventil eingespritzten Kraftstoffs auf Basis eines Ausgangs von dem Sauerstoffsensor, so daß das Kraftstoff/Luftverhältnis des gasförmigen Kraftstoff/Luftgemisches das stöchiometrische Kraftstoff/Luftverhältnis ist, das entsprechend den Betriebsbedingungen des Verbrennungsmotors vorbestimmt wurde, und zur Erfassung einer Verbrennungsbedingung in jedem Zylinder des Verbrennungsmotors auf Basis der Erfassungsvorrichtung für die Verbrennungsbedingungen, um die Menge des eingespritzten Kraftstoffs so zu regulieren, daß die Verbrennungsbedingungen in jedem Zylinder des Verbrennungsmotors im wesentlichen gleich werden.
  7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, des weiteren umfassend:
    einen Drehwinkelsensor (8) zur Erfassung einer Änderung einer Winkelgeschwindigkeit einer Kurbel des Verbrennungsmotors (100);
    einen Steuerkreis (90a - d) mit:
    (a) einer Rückkopplungseinrichtung zur Regelung eines Betrags der Winkelgeschwindigkeit einer Kurbel innerhalb eines bestimmten Bereichs, und zur Rückmeldung an das Einspritzventil, so daß das Kraftstoff/Luftverhältnis des gasförmigen Kraftstoff/Luftgemisches einem mageren Verhältnis entspricht, das entsprechend den Betriebsbedingungen des Verbrennungsmotors vorbestimmt wurde;
    (b) einer Unterscheidungseinrichtung, die bereitgestellt ist, um ein Kraftstoff/Luftverhältnis entsprechend der Grenze für eine stabile Verbrennung in jedem Zylinder des Verbrennungsmotors auf Basis eines Ausgangssignals von der Bedämpfungserfassungsschaltung zu erfassen;
    (c) einer Regulierungseinrichtung zur Regulierung der eingespritzten Kraftstoffmenge, um das Kraftstoff/Luftverhältnis des Kraftstoff/Luftgemisches einem kritischen Kraftstoff/Luftverhältnis anzunähern, das im wesentlichen demjenigen der Grenze für eine stabile Verbrennung in jedem Zylinder des Verbrennungsmotors entspricht;
    (d) einer Aktualisierungseinrichtung zur Aktualisierung des mageren Kraftstoff/Luftverhältnisses, um dieses einem Zielwert für das Kraftstoff/Luftverhältnis anzunähern, der auf Basis des kritischen Kraftstoff/Luftverhältnisses bestimmt wird.
  8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, des weiteren umfassend:
    einen Drucksensor (9) zur Erfassung eines Verbrennungsdruckes in einem bestimmten Zylinder des Verbrennungsmotors;
    einen Steuerkreis (95a - d) mit:
    (a) einer Rückkopplungseinrichtung zur Regelung eines Betrags einer Änderung eines Verbrennungsdrucks in jedem Zylinder des Verbrennungsmotors innerhalb eines bestimmten Bereichs, und zur Rückmeldung an den Drucksensor des Einspritzventils, so daß das Kraftstoff/Luftverhältnis des gasförmigen Kraftstoff/Luftgemisches einem mageren Kraftstoff/Luftverhältnis entspricht, das entsprechend den Betriebsbedingungen des Verbrennungsmotors vorbestimmt wurde;
    (b) einer Unterscheidungseinrichtung, die bereitgestellt ist, um ein Kraftstoff/Luftverhältnis entsprechend der Grenze für eine stabile Verbrennung in jedem Zylinder des Verbrennungsmotors auf Basis eines Ausgangssignals von der Bedämpfungserfassungsschaltung zu erfassen;
    (c) einer Regulierungseinrichtung zur Regulierung der eingespritzten Kraftstoffmenge, um das Kraftstoff/Luftverhältnis des Kraftstoff/Luftgemisches einem kritischen Kraftstoff/Luftverhältnis anzunähern, das im wesentlichen demjenigen der Grenze für eine stabile Verbrennung in jedem Zylinder des Verbrennungsmotors entspricht; und
    (d) einer Aktualisierungseinrichtung zur Aktualisierung des mageren Kraftstoff/Luftverhältnisses, um dieses einem Zielwert für das Kraftstoff/Luftverhältnis anzunähern, der auf Basis des kritischen Kraftstoff/Luftverhältnisses bestimmt wird.
  9. Verbrennungsregelungsvorrichtung mit einer Vorrichtung zur Erfassung der Verbrennungsbedingungen nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche.
  10. Fahrzeug mit einer Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche.
EP19920311273 1991-12-10 1992-12-10 Zustandsdetektion- und Steuerungsvorrichtung der Verbrennung für eine Brennkraftmaschine Expired - Lifetime EP0546827B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP326138/91 1991-12-10
JP3326138A JP2525979B2 (ja) 1991-06-05 1991-12-10 ガソリン機関の燃焼状態検出装置
JP52041/92 1992-03-11
JP5204192 1992-03-11
JP18620992A JPH064617A (ja) 1992-06-18 1992-06-18 Ｉ２ ｌ論理回路のシミュレーション装置
JP174398/92 1992-07-01
JP4174398A JP2914825B2 (ja) 1991-07-25 1992-07-01 ガソリン機関の燃焼制御装置

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0546827A2 EP0546827A2 (de) 1993-06-16
EP0546827A3 EP0546827A3 (de) 1994-02-16
EP0546827B1 true EP0546827B1 (de) 1997-04-09

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Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19520852C1 (de) * 1995-06-08 1996-09-19 Vogt Electronic Ag Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Zündungserkennung
DE19524541C1 (de) * 1995-07-05 1996-12-05 Telefunken Microelectron Schaltungsanordnung zur Ionenstrommessung im Verbrennungsraum einer Brennkraftmaschine
DE19614388C1 (de) * 1996-04-12 1997-07-03 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Auswertung der Qualität eines Kraftstoff-Luftgemisches

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2356440A1 (de) * 1973-11-12 1975-05-15 Hartmann & Braun Ag Einrichtung zur erfassung der zuendspannung
DE3210810C2 (de) * 1982-03-24 1984-11-08 Mataro Co. Ltd., Georgetown, Grand Cayman Islands Regelsystem zur Beeinflussung der Zusammensetzung der in einer fremdgezündeten Brennkraftmaschine zu verbrennenden Ladungen
GB2105408B (en) * 1982-06-09 1985-03-06 Inst Francais Du Petrole A method for automatically regulating the time of combustion initiation in an internal combustion engine
EP0115907A3 (de) * 1983-01-10 1986-03-19 Automotive Engine Associates Regelung der Verbrennungsungleichmässigkeit um das Luft/Kraftstoffverhältniss oder die Auspuffgasrückführung zu einer Innenbrennkraftmaschine zu steuern
GB2141259A (en) * 1983-06-03 1984-12-12 Ford Motor Co Automatic control of i.c. engines
EP0281337B1 (de) * 1987-02-26 1993-07-21 NGK Spark Plug Co. Ltd. Gerät zur Bestimmung vom Mischungsverhältnis von Benzin und Alkohol oder ähnlichem
SE457831B (sv) * 1987-08-27 1989-01-30 Saab Scania Ab Foerfarande och arrangemang foer detektering av joniseringsstroem i en foerbraenningsmotors taendsystem
JPH02104978A (ja) * 1988-10-13 1990-04-17 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 内燃機関の失火検出装置
US5036669A (en) * 1989-12-26 1991-08-06 Caterpillar Inc. Apparatus and method for controlling the air/fuel ratio of an internal combustion engine
US5365910A (en) * 1991-05-14 1994-11-22 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Misfire detector for use in internal combustion engine

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EP0546827A2 (de) 1993-06-16

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