EP0770461A2 - Procédé et installation pour le découpage de troncs d'arbres en produits en bois - Google Patents

Procédé et installation pour le découpage de troncs d'arbres en produits en bois Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0770461A2
EP0770461A2 EP96850175A EP96850175A EP0770461A2 EP 0770461 A2 EP0770461 A2 EP 0770461A2 EP 96850175 A EP96850175 A EP 96850175A EP 96850175 A EP96850175 A EP 96850175A EP 0770461 A2 EP0770461 A2 EP 0770461A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circular saw
saw blades
station
sawing
cuts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP96850175A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0770461A3 (fr
Inventor
Per-Ake Wiklund
Rainer Ketola
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SODERHAMNS VERKSTADER AB
Original Assignee
SODERHAMNS VERKSTADER AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SODERHAMNS VERKSTADER AB filed Critical SODERHAMNS VERKSTADER AB
Publication of EP0770461A2 publication Critical patent/EP0770461A2/fr
Publication of EP0770461A3 publication Critical patent/EP0770461A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27B—SAWS FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COMPONENTS OR ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • B27B1/00—Methods for subdividing trunks or logs essentially involving sawing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27B—SAWS FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COMPONENTS OR ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • B27B15/00—Band or strap sawing machines specially designed for length cutting of trunks
    • B27B15/06—Band or strap sawing machines specially designed for length cutting of trunks in combined arrangement with circular saws for performing simultaneously several sawing procedures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27B—SAWS FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COMPONENTS OR ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • B27B7/00—Sawing machines working with circular saw blades, specially designed for length sawing of trunks
    • B27B7/02—Sawing machines working with circular saw blades, specially designed for length sawing of trunks by making use of circular saws mounted substantially at right angles, e.g. vertically and horizontally
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27B—SAWS FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COMPONENTS OR ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • B27B7/00—Sawing machines working with circular saw blades, specially designed for length sawing of trunks
    • B27B7/04—Sawing machines working with circular saw blades, specially designed for length sawing of trunks by making use of a plurality of circular saws mounted on a single spindle; Arrangements for adjusting the mutual distances

Definitions

  • this invention relates to a method for dividing tree trunks into smaller, substantially parallelepiped wood products, such as boards and / or planks, the tree trunk - by being guided axially through a stationary installation - into a four flat one is formed, in pairs, parallel sides having squared timber, which is made at least four corner recesses extending along the squared timber and located between adjacent flat sides, which have the task of delimiting side boards, and each of which is separated by an angular pair, especially in plane surfaces oriented at right angles, the wood material removed from the corner recesses being processed into wood chips.
  • the invention also relates to a system for the same purpose.
  • the desire for an optimal economic yield from the tree trunk does not only place tough demands on the fact that an optimal number of parallelepiped-shaped finished products in the form of boards and planks from the generally round trunk cross-section at a maximum length in terms of the prevailing timber prices Along the trunk, but also that the unavoidable residual or by-products in the form of sawdust and wood chips are used in an economically profitable way.
  • the extraction of wood chips in connection with the formation of squared timber before or in connection with the actual division into boards is of great importance for the total economy of the sawmills.
  • the excess wood material can be obtained in the form of wood chips that are acceptable for the pulp industry (which should have a length of approximately 25 mm or more), it can be sold for a relatively high sales price. Therefore, if the percentage of wood chips accepted in the total amount of wood chips obtained is large, a good pecuniary grant will be obtained. In the opposite case, the price and the pecuniary yield decrease drastically, since low-quality wood chips for combustion purposes or the like. have to be sold. In this context, it should be pointed out that the amount of wood chips from the entire barked tree trunk is of the order of 40-50% (i.e. the yield of parallelepipedian pieces of wood is within the range 50-60%). In other words, the wood chips represent a considerable proportion of the total wood material.
  • the throughput capacity of the machine equipment is also of great importance for the overall economy.
  • the latter describes a system which, in addition to at least one pair of conventional reducers, comprises at least two pairs of cutters, by means of which four forest edges can be processed at the corners of a four-sided squared timber.
  • the reducers are used to process the incoming round timber on opposite sides in a customary manner by forming a squared timber, which squared timber, with the exception of the forest edge sections in four corners, is substantially parallelepipedic.
  • These reducers cut away excess wood material in the form of wood chips. With the help of the four cutters, the corner material is milled away in connection with the forest edges - in the same way during the formation of wood chips from the wood material.
  • branch tears can occur on the surfaces of the squared timber, which are later processed using a circular saw blade.
  • the knockouts in the wood surface can sometimes have a depth of 5 mm or more.
  • about 1.5-3 mm from the previously milled surface section on the core part of the square timber are removed, but nonetheless more or less deep craters remain on the sawn surface of the square timber in which the Branch tears can often be considerably deeper than the processing of the circular saw blade.
  • Another disadvantage of the method according to the cited document is that the corner milling cutters, due to their function, in contrast to the reducing disks, produce wood chips with a large proportion of low-value wood chips. The economic yield from wood chips, which are obtained from the forest edges of the squared timber, is therefore poor.
  • SE 7906747-6 describes a square wood production machine with four corner milling cutters which have been combined with an integrated circular saw blade.
  • the purpose of this integrated It is circular saw blade that one of the two surfaces oriented at right angles to each other should receive saw cut quality in a corner recess.
  • the idea is that the other surface in the same recess should finally receive saw cut quality with the help of the circular saw blades, which are used to separate the side board in question.
  • the latter surface is not always flat in practice, since craters can occur after deep branch tearing.
  • the router cannot be driven at the same high speed as a simple, independent circular saw blade, which is why the surface quality of the sawn surface remains mediocre in a corner recess.
  • the circular saw blade of the first tool cuts a saw cut to a depth that determines the thickness of the side board that is to be deposited later, leaving an unprocessed material portion outside the periphery of the milling tool.
  • This part of the material left behind is removed in a second stage with the help of the other milling tool, the circular saw blade on this second milling tool being intended to give the surface saw-cut quality. What is left behind is an unsawed section of material that is only removed in connection with the deposition of the side board.
  • the present invention aims to overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art and to provide an improved squared timber production process. It is therefore a basic object of the invention to provide a method whereby both surfaces in the individual corner recesses, which are subsequently formed into corner edges of forest edges on a square timber, achieve a large surface flatness, without any craters caused by knocking out branches.
  • a simultaneous task is to ensure an optimal economic yield from the wood material that is being removed from the corner recesses, more precisely in such a way that the wood chips obtained should contain a maximum proportion of acceptable chips.
  • Another object of the invention is to enable, in a mechanically simple manner, the known removal of two side boards on each side of the squared timber.
  • the invention also relates to an installation for carrying out the method.
  • the characteristics the system according to the invention can be gathered from claims 4 to 7.
  • a mobile sawing device which in itself comprises an aggregate consisting of two angular saw blades, which can be used to saw rectangular cuts in tree trunks.
  • the document does not contain any instructions in the direction that the device can be used in a stationary square timber production machine, nor does it state that two interacting units can be used to delimit a side board. Even less does the document contain any information that divided slats could be machined in a separate step, as dictated by the present invention.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically a stationary system, which comprises an overall designated 1 woodworking machine and a 2 designated chipper.
  • the square wood production machine 1 comprises two reduction stations 4, 5 axially separated along the processing line for a round wood 3 in order to process the incoming round wood flat on four sides along an introductory step.
  • the log 3 is guided axially in the direction from left to right in FIG. 1.
  • each station comprises, in a known manner, two opposing, separate reducing disks or units 4 ', 4 "or 5', 5" conical in shape, which are equipped with house steels or knives (not shown) on their conical surface which are best equipped with a sprocket or a circular saw blade at their narrow ends, which among other things
  • the task is to give the flat-processed flat surfaces on the tree trunk the greatest possible flatness.
  • these reducers can be designed in the manner described in SE 9304091-3. In this connection it should be pointed out that it is also possible to achieve four flat sides on the tree trunk with the help of only a pair of reduction disks, the tree trunk being rotated 90 ° after a first pass between the disks before it starts goes through a second time.
  • the system shown also includes two axially separate sawing stations 6 and 7, among which the first includes four horizontally oriented circular saw blades 6 ', 6 ", 6"', 6 "", while the other station 7 has four vertically oriented circular saw blades 7 ', 7 ", 7"', 7 “” includes.
  • the circular saw blades 6 'and 6'''are advantageous to one Vertical geometry axis 8 can be driven, in the same way that the circular saw blades 6 "and 6""can be rotated together about a vertical axis 8 '.
  • the vertical circular saw blades 7', 7" are located in a common, vertical plane which is separated from and parallel to a vertical plane common to the two circular saw blades 7 "', 7"".
  • the two upper circular saw blades 7', 7"' can advantageously be rotated together about a horizontal geometric axis 9, while the two lower circular saw blades 7 ", 7""around a lower horizontal geometry axis 9 'can be rotated together.
  • the squared timber After the slats 10 have been cut off, the squared timber also passes through a third sawing station 11, which is illustrated in the example by two band saws 11 ', 11 ".
  • a third sawing station 11 which is illustrated in the example by two band saws 11 ', 11 ".
  • two side boards 12, 12 ' are cut off.
  • a heartwood marked with 13 is then left between the band saws.
  • the chopping machine 2 can be of any known or arbitrary type.
  • the machine in the example comprises an insertion opening 14, into which the slats 10 can be inserted in order to be machined using an internal processing tool 15.
  • the wood chips that are fed out of the machine can be conveyed further with the aid of a suitable conveyor 16.
  • FIGS. 2 to 8 schematically illustrate the various processing stages to which the log 3 is subjected when the method according to the invention is applied.
  • Fig. 2 the log 3 is shown with an ideal circular cross-sectional shape, although naturally grown trees rarely or never leave trunks with an absolutely circular cross-sectional shape.
  • the two segment-shaped wood material parts 17, 17 ' are removed from this log in the first reducing station 4, the two reducing disks of which 4 ', 4 "process the log flat while leaving two opposing, parallel side surfaces 18, 18'.
  • the design of the corner recesses 22 is done only with the help of the circular saw blades in stations 6, 7.
  • these circular saw blades are relatively thin and fast rotating. You can have a thickness or tooth width in the range of 3 to 4 mm and work at a speed in the range of 3000 to 3500 revolutions per minute; something that, depending on the diameter of the circular saw blade, results in a peripheral speed of around 50 m / s. In other words, the circular saw blades are capable of sawing relatively thin cuts at high speed.
  • each individual slat has a maximum volume within the geometric range, which is on the one hand by the two saw cut surfaces 23, 24 and is determined by the round, irregular forest edge area.
  • the entire wood material, which is located outside the two saw cuts 23, 24 set at 90 °, belongs to the single slat that is separated from the squared timber.
  • the side boards 12, 12 ' are only severed when the slats 10 have been removed. More precisely, the side boards are separated in the third sawing station 11, for example with the aid of band saws (circular saws can also be used). In addition to the flat surfaces 20, 20 ', the finally obtained heartwood 13 is thus delimited by saw cut surfaces 25, 25' which have been brought about by the saws in the saw station 11.
  • each sawing station 6 or 7 includes twice as many circular saw blades as after the embodiment according to FIG. eight instead of four.
  • the horizontal sawing station 6 thus includes four circular saw blades 6a with a first diameter for delimiting a first, outer side board 12a, together with four circular saw blades 6b with a larger diameter than the circular saw blades 6a, for delimiting a second, inner side board 12b.
  • the vertical sawing station partly comprises four circular saw blades 7a with a relatively large diameter, partly four circular saw blades 7b with a smaller diameter.
  • Each outer vertical circular saw blade 7a of large diameter interacts with a horizontal circular saw blade 6a of small diameter for the design of a corner recess which delimits the outer side board 12a.
  • Each inner vertical circular saw blade 7b of small diameter interacts with an angle-adjusted, horizontal circular saw blade 6b of large diameter, for the design of a corner recess in connection with the individual inner side board 12b. It is obvious that all circular saw blades 7a, 7b in the vertical sawing station are separated from the horizontal circular saw blades 6a, 6b in the direction of travel.
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiments described and shown in the drawings.
  • the core squared timber thus obtained does not necessarily have to be divided into individual boards, but can be delivered as it is. It is even conceivable to supply the timbers as such for sale after having them Corner recesses have been designed, ie with the profile shape shown in FIG. 7, for later processing elsewhere than in the system according to the invention. Another possibility is to first separate two or more side boards from the flattened squared timber without processing its edges at all, after which the model designed with two flat surfaces is rotated by 90 ° before the corner recesses are made, more precisely according to the method according to the invention.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Debarking, Splitting, And Disintegration Of Timber (AREA)
EP96850175A 1995-10-24 1996-10-21 Procédé et installation pour le découpage de troncs d'arbres en produits en bois Withdrawn EP0770461A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9503747 1995-10-24
SE9503747A SE510101C2 (sv) 1995-10-24 1995-10-24 Förfarande och anläggning för delning av stockar i smärre virkesstycken

Publications (2)

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EP0770461A2 true EP0770461A2 (fr) 1997-05-02
EP0770461A3 EP0770461A3 (fr) 1998-11-25

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EP96850175A Withdrawn EP0770461A3 (fr) 1995-10-24 1996-10-21 Procédé et installation pour le découpage de troncs d'arbres en produits en bois

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EP (1) EP0770461A3 (fr)
SE (1) SE510101C2 (fr)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19829112C1 (de) * 1998-06-30 2000-03-30 Esterer Wd Gmbh & Co Hackschnitzel, Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen eines Hackschnitzels sowie zum Profilieren eines Baumstammes und deren Verwendungen
AT407233B (de) * 1999-04-09 2001-01-25 Johann Wolf Vorrichtung zum erzeugen von vierkantbalken aus baumstämmen
WO2001019575A1 (fr) * 1999-09-14 2001-03-22 Hans Dietz Procede, dispositif et coupeuse a copeaux pour la production de panneaux definis tridimensionnels
DE19960319C1 (de) * 1999-12-15 2001-07-26 Dietz Hans Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen eines Hackschnitzels sowie Vorrichtung zum Profilieren eines Baumstammes
WO2006038896A1 (fr) * 2004-10-05 2006-04-13 Martin Hruby Procede de traitement du bois de sciage par des coupes longitudinales et systeme de mise en oeuvre de ce procede
WO2006063795A1 (fr) * 2004-12-15 2006-06-22 Esterer Wd Gmbh & Co. Kg Procede et dispositif pour transporter et façonner des troncs d'arbre
WO2009138191A1 (fr) * 2008-05-14 2009-11-19 Esterer Wd Gmbh Procédé pour diviser un tronc d'arbre en produits du bois
ITBZ20110014A1 (it) * 2011-04-11 2012-10-12 Albert Rabensteiner Rifilatrice per legno, in particolare squadratrice doppia.
CN107116616A (zh) * 2017-06-29 2017-09-01 贺州思通信息技术有限公司 一种圆木开方装置
CN108162080A (zh) * 2018-02-07 2018-06-15 姚松年 木料自动加工装置
CN111216210A (zh) * 2019-12-18 2020-06-02 湖州练市双建木业有限公司 一种木材加工生产工艺

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101590658B (zh) * 2009-05-07 2011-12-28 罗贵全 自动化多轴多锯原木分锯床

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE834448C (de) 1950-10-13 1952-03-20 Franz Schoerghuber Falzschneidemaschine
DE953915C (de) 1954-10-10 1956-12-06 Richard Percy Jasper Short Saegemaschine mit zwei Kreissaegen
US4015648A (en) 1974-03-29 1977-04-05 Shepard Henry M Sawmill

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA1020434A (en) * 1975-09-11 1977-11-08 Peter R. Talbot Sawmill construction
US4270423A (en) * 1979-05-29 1981-06-02 Angelo Frank M Slab trimming apparatus

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE834448C (de) 1950-10-13 1952-03-20 Franz Schoerghuber Falzschneidemaschine
DE953915C (de) 1954-10-10 1956-12-06 Richard Percy Jasper Short Saegemaschine mit zwei Kreissaegen
US4015648A (en) 1974-03-29 1977-04-05 Shepard Henry M Sawmill

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19829112C1 (de) * 1998-06-30 2000-03-30 Esterer Wd Gmbh & Co Hackschnitzel, Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen eines Hackschnitzels sowie zum Profilieren eines Baumstammes und deren Verwendungen
US6325119B1 (en) 1999-04-07 2001-12-04 Johann Wolf Device for producing square beams from tree trunks
AT407233B (de) * 1999-04-09 2001-01-25 Johann Wolf Vorrichtung zum erzeugen von vierkantbalken aus baumstämmen
WO2001019575A1 (fr) * 1999-09-14 2001-03-22 Hans Dietz Procede, dispositif et coupeuse a copeaux pour la production de panneaux definis tridimensionnels
DE19960319C1 (de) * 1999-12-15 2001-07-26 Dietz Hans Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen eines Hackschnitzels sowie Vorrichtung zum Profilieren eines Baumstammes
US6719022B2 (en) 1999-12-15 2004-04-13 Esterer Wd Gmbh & Co. Apparatus for producing a wood flake and apparatus for profiling a log
WO2006038896A1 (fr) * 2004-10-05 2006-04-13 Martin Hruby Procede de traitement du bois de sciage par des coupes longitudinales et systeme de mise en oeuvre de ce procede
WO2006063795A1 (fr) * 2004-12-15 2006-06-22 Esterer Wd Gmbh & Co. Kg Procede et dispositif pour transporter et façonner des troncs d'arbre
WO2009138191A1 (fr) * 2008-05-14 2009-11-19 Esterer Wd Gmbh Procédé pour diviser un tronc d'arbre en produits du bois
ITBZ20110014A1 (it) * 2011-04-11 2012-10-12 Albert Rabensteiner Rifilatrice per legno, in particolare squadratrice doppia.
WO2012139850A1 (fr) * 2011-04-11 2012-10-18 Rabensteiner Albert Machine à bois de type déligneuse, en particulier machine à double armature
CN107116616A (zh) * 2017-06-29 2017-09-01 贺州思通信息技术有限公司 一种圆木开方装置
CN108162080A (zh) * 2018-02-07 2018-06-15 姚松年 木料自动加工装置
CN111216210A (zh) * 2019-12-18 2020-06-02 湖州练市双建木业有限公司 一种木材加工生产工艺

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE9503747L (sv) 1997-04-25
SE510101C2 (sv) 1999-04-19
SE9503747D0 (sv) 1995-10-24
EP0770461A3 (fr) 1998-11-25

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