Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
  • B65D88/00—Large containers
  • B65D88/54—Large containers characterised by means facilitating filling or emptying
  • B65D88/64—Large containers characterised by means facilitating filling or emptying preventing bridge formation

Definitions

• the invention relates to an automatic caking solver for bulk goods. This is used in process containers or pipelines in which bulk goods are created, processed or transported. These are novel elements made of flexible material. In conjunction with motion exciters, they are able to prevent caking over a large area. This is done by regular automatic cleaning of the surfaces.
• Knockers, vibrators and compressed air cannons are used in process and storage containers. Especially for the storage containers there are linings that are anti-adhesive or those that are intended to loosen caking by one-time milling. Knockers or vibrators set the container walls in vibration. This should loosen adhering bulk material from the walls. The effect is achieved by lightly walking and accelerating the container wall at a high frequency. Due to the damping behavior of the mostly metallic container walls, the effect is not very intense. Two - weakly pronounced - effective components are used here. Therefore, the effect of the facilities in terms of the task is insufficient. Air cannons loosen adhering bulk goods through compressed air blasts.
• a system is also known for bulk storage containers in which a lining is made by means of a rubber membrane. This is attached to elastic elements.
• the membrane When bulk goods are stored, the membrane is pressed against the container wall.
• the restoring force of the elastic elements causes the rubber membrane to move once.
• the active components are the unique flexing of the membrane and shear forces that arise from the expansion of the rubber. The single movement does not lead to sufficient cleaning.
• it can be expected that the device will fail in containers that are not regularly emptied.
• the "continuous" bulk material tensions the membrane in the "direction of flow”.
• the restoring force of the elastic elements can be overcompensated by this tension. The function is significantly impaired.
• the device described in DE 91 01 471 U1 is equipped with membrane material which has a high basis weight. With a low weight, the funnel elements would not hold in the intended position when the storage container was largely empty. In order to achieve the desired effect, this device therefore requires a great deal of compressed air, as evidenced by the large number of air inlet openings. However, this is not a disadvantage in the present solution, since the air is also used to fluidize the bulk material. In this device, the effect is achieved by abrupt walking and fluidizing.
• air-permeable hoses that supply the air to the bulk material are attached to the floor. Since the wall surfaces cannot be covered with this system, it is not suitable for loosening caking on walls.
• the invention is based on the object of avoiding annoying caking or encrustations caused by bulk goods on container walls, even with critical products or processes.
• the aim is to provide an effective apparatus for the walls of process containers and pipelines, which dissolves adhering material through an optimal combination of the active principles.
• the task is solved by lining the critical container areas - in which caking often occurs - with new elements made of flexible material. These must be able to be set in motion regardless of material storage or removal.
• the flexible elements must meet at least three of the following criteria for textile base material or plastic and at least two for thin metal sheets in order to have the best effect.
• the materials must have anti-adhesive properties or a low surface structuring should counteract adhesion or they must be less than 2.5 mm thick to achieve a high degree of flexibility or the basis weight must be relatively low - less than 2000 g / m 2 .
• the device according to the invention has proven to be very advantageous. It not only reduces the adverse effects during operation, but also significantly reduces the effort involved in changing batches. With the new system it has been possible to summarize a multitude of active principles and to use each one optimally.
• Anti-adhesive materials in combination with low surface structuring already provide good conditions for caking not to adhere very firmly to the surface.
• the materials are extremely easy to walk and ensure that the caking dissolves well in conjunction with the two components mentioned above.
• the low basis weights of the flexible materials also enable rapid positive and negative acceleration of the surfaces. This ensures a good transfer of the kinetic energy introduced to the bulk material. This supports the cleaning effect considerably. It is achieved that due to the optimal conditions created by the new flexible materials, a relatively low frequency of activation of the movement exciter is sufficient for optimal cleaning. This results in a low energy requirement.
• the device according to the invention can predominantly be used in process containers - exemplary embodiments are dryers, mixers, painting systems or scales - as well as pipelines in which bulk goods are produced, processed or transported.
• the raw materials used are modern, anti-adhesive synthetic fiber materials - examples are polyester, aramid, PTFE - or glass.
• Fabric thickness and weight per unit area correspond to the general conditions specified by the invention. Mixtures of materials can also be used.
• the choice of raw materials is determined by the application.
• the aforementioned flexible materials are generally air-permeable. In order to optimally design the effect of gas-powered vibration exciters, the air permeability of these materials should be as low as possible for this area of application.
• the carrier materials of these flexible materials are made from the raw materials and with the same manufacturing processes as the aforementioned. Since further processing takes place, there is no restriction on the surface structure. The required surface quality can be achieved with a coating that is closed at least on one side.
• the type of carrier material and the coating are selected according to the application. Preferred coating materials are, for example, silicone or PTFE. Of course, the framework conditions according to the invention must also be observed for these materials. Flexible material in this group is usually impermeable to air.
• these are preferably thin-walled plates or foils made of plastic materials - exemplary embodiments are PTFE or polyester - or also thin-walled metal sheets - optionally with a coating -. As a rule, these materials are impermeable to air.
• the lining is mainly attached in the edge area so that it remains largely mobile. As with inflexible linings, they can be attached directly to the container wall or on a support structure. To ensure a perfect seal and to prevent the fastening points from being torn out, rails are used in accordance with the state of the art. Practice has shown that sealing the flexible materials in the edge area is not always necessary. Therefore, embodiments with rails segmented in the direction of travel at a greater distance are also possible. Other types of fastening that prevent the material from being torn out - for example using washers - can also be used.
• the flexible material is set in periodic movements in order to generate the flexing or the acceleration forces. In most cases, auxiliary equipment is required for this. In a development of the invention, there are several systems to choose from.
• the flexible material should be attached to a relatively elastic support structure if possible. This should be able to vibrate independently of the container wall and also stimulate the material.
• the respective vibration generator - exemplary embodiments are pneumatic or electrical vibrators - act on the support structure and generate the required vibrations. This moves the flexible material. This results in the desired cleaning.
• a compact unit should correspond approximately to the exemplary embodiment below.
• the connecting line between the storage for the gaseous medium and the flexible material / container space should be as short and straight as possible. However, this is determined by the installation conditions.
• a valve - preferably a quick-opening valve - is integrated into this section, which releases the gas flow in pulses.
• the valve is controlled by direct or central control.
• the pulse strength can be regulated, for example, via the storage volume, the valve cross section or the storage pressure.
• very large areas of the flexible material have to be supplied with several units, since the apparatus described is only suitable for areas of several m 2 . Alternatively, you could also use commercially available air pulse devices for this device.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
• Cleaning In General (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=7770536

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (2)

Citations (6)

• 1995
  • 1995-08-25 DE DE1995131539 patent/DE19531539A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1996
  • 1996-08-20 EP EP96113279A patent/EP0760344A1/fr active Pending
  • 1996-08-22 DE DE29618530U patent/DE29618530U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime

Patent Citations (6)

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