EP0701647B1 - Building component - Google Patents

Building component

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Publication number
EP0701647B1
EP0701647B1 EP93917427A EP93917427A EP0701647B1 EP 0701647 B1 EP0701647 B1 EP 0701647B1 EP 93917427 A EP93917427 A EP 93917427A EP 93917427 A EP93917427 A EP 93917427A EP 0701647 B1 EP0701647 B1 EP 0701647B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wires
insulating body
mat
wire grid
building component
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93917427A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0701647A1 (en
Inventor
Klaus Ritter
Gerhard Ritter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EVG Entwicklungs und Verwertungs GmbH
Original Assignee
EVG Entwicklungs und Verwertungs GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by EVG Entwicklungs und Verwertungs GmbH filed Critical EVG Entwicklungs und Verwertungs GmbH
Publication of EP0701647A1 publication Critical patent/EP0701647A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0701647B1 publication Critical patent/EP0701647B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/20Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of plastics
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/044Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres of concrete
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/049Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres completely or partially of insulating material, e.g. cellular concrete or foamed plaster
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/06Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres reinforced
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
    • E04C2/288Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and concrete, stone or stone-like material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a component two parallel welded wire mesh mats with square or rectangular meshes, from which wire mesh mats in web wires maintaining a predetermined mutual distance, and one arranged between the wire mesh mats, one-piece insulating body penetrated by the bridge wires.
  • AT-A-372 886 discloses a method and an apparatus known for producing a component. In doing so first two wire mesh webs in one of the desired thickness of the lattice body to be produced corresponding to each other Distance brought into parallel position. In the space between the wire mesh and at a distance from everyone An insulating body is inserted into the wire mesh. Bridge wires through one of the two wire mesh webs into the space guided between the insulator such that each bridge wire close to a grid wire each of the two wire grid tracks lie, whereupon the bridge wires with the grid wires of Wire mesh webs are welded. In conclusion, by corresponding to the lattice body produced in this way Length separated.
  • a similar component is known from GB-A-2 234 276, which concerns a lightweight board consisting of two parallel ones Wire mesh mats, consisting of several, the two wire mesh mats connecting straight bridge wires, made of layers of mortar, which enclose the two wire mesh mats, as well there is a core arranged between the mortar layers.
  • the core is either in between the finished lattice body the mortar layers applied in the area of the wire mesh mats inserted or inserted into the grid body from the side or before manufacturing the lattice body in the production plant the same between the two wire mesh mats inserted with the help of spacers.
  • a component which consists of a three-dimensional lattice body, in which in a one-piece insulating body is foamed in situ.
  • the grid body has two spaced wire mesh mats on that with the help of zigzag trained Bridge wires are connected.
  • the component is on the construction site with a layer on both of its top surfaces made of concrete or mortar.
  • the disadvantage here is that A change due to the complicated manufacturing process the shape and dimensions of the component, in particular to adapt to different static requirements is difficult and that as a material for the insulating body only foamable materials can be used.
  • Another disadvantage is that the web wires at their apices only connected to the grid wires at one point are.
  • Another component design is from US-A-4 297,820.
  • This component is also zigzag trained bridge wires only in one point of their Wave crests connected to the grid wires, and there are between two adjacent bridge wires in the direction of the longer one Component extension, individual insulators inserted, which significantly complicates the manufacture of the component.
  • a component is known from US-A-4 104 842, the three-dimensional lattice body also two at a distance from each other arranged wire mesh mats and the wire mesh mats connecting, zigzag-shaped web wires.
  • a cover layer made of construction paper, those to be applied later as a boundary layer Concrete shell is used. If two cover layers are used, this creates a cavity in the interior of the component that can be added later can be filled with material.
  • Another disadvantage is the complicated manufacturing process that is a change the shape and dimension of the component difficult, and the restriction of the materials for the insulating body Substances that have to be pourable or flowable in order to be zigzag-shaped bridge wires penetrate the cavity of the component to be able to fill out.
  • Another disadvantage is that the Bridge wires at their apices only at one point are connected to the grid wires.
  • the object of the invention is to initiate a component to create the specified genus that is suitable for practice optimally suited and manufactured in a simple manner and quickly can be adapted to different static requirements can.
  • the component is supposed to be the selection of different ones Allow materials for the insulating body and the application the concrete layer at the point of use of the component facilitate.
  • the invention relates to a component consisting of two parallel welded wire mesh mats with square or rectangular mesh, from straight, the wire mesh mats keeping at a predetermined mutual distance, to the wire mesh mats running diagonally and on each End with these welded single bridge wires that are between the wires of the wire mesh mats designed as reinforcement mats are arranged in parallel rows and one in comparison to the wire mesh wires have a larger diameter, so that they form shear reinforcement elements, the distances of the web wires to each other in the direction of the grid wire longitudinal wires and the wire mesh cross wires a multiple of the pitch of the mesh mesh, and from one between the wire mesh mats arranged at predetermined distances from them one-piece dimensionally stable insulating body, in particular Made of foam plastic, made exclusively by these penetrating, truss-like in each row of row wires, alternating oppositely sloping bridge wires between the Wire mesh mats is held, with at least one top surface of the insulating body for an existing of load-bearing material Out
  • the component according to the invention has the advantage that the land wires are designed as individual wires and therefore two welding spots in the connection area with the wire mesh wires are in place, so the static safety is practical is doubled.
  • a lattice body a multi-part insulating body within the grid body as well a material layer for fixing the insulating body parts inside of the lattice body.
  • the lattice body is made strip-shaped substructures, each composed of an upper and lower line wire and between them, oblique or perpendicular to the longitudinal wires Stiffening wires are formed, the longitudinal wires of the individual substructures with the help of perpendicular to the longitudinal wires arranged cross wires are connected. In the through the substructures formed gaps become the individual parts of the insulator.
  • the insulating cores can made from solid insulating materials, but also from hollow paper tubes consist.
  • the layer of material used to define the insulation cores consists of insulating material, e.g. Insulating foam, polystyrene, Latex etc.
  • insulating material e.g. Insulating foam, polystyrene, Latex etc.
  • this component is not one of the Cover surfaces of the three-dimensional lattice body as a wire mesh reinforcement mat is formed, the insulating body has none contiguous one-piece construction and the bridge wires do not penetrate the individual insulation cores, but run in the spaces between adjacent insulating cores.
  • the component therefore already differs generically from the invention.
  • a component is also known from US-A-4 702 053. This document deals with a concrete wall laminate with an insulating core made of a variety of panels, on the abutting faces of which conductors are arranged support the insulating cores. The construction concept of the component differs significantly from the invention.
  • the component As a wall or Ceiling element, it is particularly advantageous if at least a wire mesh mat the insulating body on at least one side surface of the same, as is known per se, protrudes laterally.
  • the inner wire mesh mat determined on the inside of the component an inner shell applied to the insulating body connects, the inner wire mesh mat encloses and together forms the load-bearing component of the component, the inner shell with an inner additional reinforcement mat is provided.
  • the component shown in Fig. 1 consists of two flat wire mesh mats 1 and 2 at a predetermined distance are arranged parallel to each other.
  • Any wire mesh mat 1 and 2 consists of several longitudinal wires 3 and 4 and several cross wires 5 and 6, which cross each other and on the Crossing points are welded together.
  • the mutual Distance between the longitudinal wires 3, 4 and the transverse wires 5, 6 to each other is according to the static arrangements on the component chosen. The distances are preferably the same, selected, for example, in the range from 50 to 100 mm, so that each adjacent line and cross wires square mesh form.
  • the mesh of the wire mesh mats 1, 2 can also be rectangular and for example short Side lengths of 50 mm and long side lengths in the range of 75 up to 100 mm.
  • the diameters of the line and cross wires are also selected and lie according to the static requirements preferably in the range of 2 to 6 mm.
  • the surface of the wire mesh wires can be smooth or ribbed be.
  • the two wire mesh mats 1, 2 are through with each other several bridge wires to form a stable spatial lattice body connected.
  • the web wires 7 are at their ends with welded the wires of the two wire mesh mats 1, 2, wherein the bridge wires 7 either, as in shown in the drawing, with the respective longitudinal wires 3, 4th or welded to the cross wires 5, 6.
  • the bridge wires 7 are alternately sloping in opposite directions, i.e. half-timbered arranged, whereby the lattice body against shear stresses is stiffened.
  • the distances between the web wires 7 to one another and their distribution in the component depend on the static requirements of the Component from and amount, for example, along the longitudinal wires 200 mm and along the cross wires 100 mm.
  • the mutual Distances of the web wires 7, 7 'in the direction of the grid wire longitudinal wires 3, 4 and the mesh cross wires 5, 6 expediently a multiple of the stitch division.
  • the diameter the bridge wires are preferably in the range from 3 to 7 mm, with components with thin longitudinal and cross wires the diameter of the web wires is preferably chosen to be larger than the diameter of the line and cross wires.
  • spatial lattice bodies not only dimensionally stable must be, but in its preferred use as Wall and / or ceiling element the function of a spatial reinforcement element must meet, i.e. Thrust and pressure forces has to take up both the longitudinal and transverse wires with each other, as usual with reinforcement mats, as well as the web wires 7 with the wire mesh wires 3, 4, 5, 6 in compliance a minimum strength of the weld nodes welded.
  • the grid wire 3, 4, 5, 6 and the bridge wires 7 consist of suitable materials and corresponding possess mechanical strength values in order as reinforcing wires for wire mesh mats to be used as mesh reinforcement mesh 1, 2 or as the two wire mesh mats 1, 2 connecting Reinforcing wires to be usable.
  • bridge wires 7, 7 'at both ends for example by means of Plastic cord knot or tie together.
  • the web wires 7, 7 'at one end on the aforementioned way and at its other end by means of welding can be connected to the grid wire 3, 4, 5, 6.
  • the insulating body 8 is, for example made of foam plastics, such as polystyrene or polyurethane foam, Foams based on rubber and rubber, Lightweight concrete, such as autoclave or gas concrete, porous plastics, porous rubber and rubber-based fabrics, pressed Slag, pressed mud, plasterboard, cement-bound Press plates made from wood chips, jute, hemp and sisal fibers, Rice husks, straw debris, sugar cane bottling, Mineral and glass wool, corrugated cardboard, pressed waste paper, bound brick chippings, melted recyclable Plastic waste, tied reeds and bamboo cane.
  • foam plastics such as polystyrene or polyurethane foam
  • Foams based on rubber and rubber Lightweight concrete, such as autoclave or gas concrete, porous plastics, porous rubber and rubber-based fabrics, pressed Slag, pressed mud, plasterboard, cement-bound Press plates made from wood chips, jute, hemp and sisal fibers, Rice husks
  • the insulating body 8 can be pre-drilled holes for receiving the web wires 7 may be provided.
  • the insulating body 8 can also on one or both sides with a vapor barrier Be plastic or aluminum layer. The location of the Insulator 8 in the component is due to the inclined Web wires 7 set that penetrate the insulating body 8.
  • the thickness of the insulating body 8 is freely selectable and lies for example in the range from 20 to 200 mm.
  • the distances of the Insulating body 8 to the wire mesh mats 1, 2 are also freely selectable and are, for example, in the range from 10 to 30 mm.
  • the component can be produced in any length and width, where due to the manufacturing process Minimum length of 100 cm and standard widths of 60 cm, 100 cm, 110 cm and 120 cm have proven to be advantageous.
  • FIG. 3 is a side view of the component according to Fig. 1, viewed in the direction of the cross wire family, shown. In this way, they alternate in opposite directions at an angle extending web wires 7 a row and are each with the corresponding longitudinal wires 3 and 4 arranged one above the other the wire mesh mat 1 or 2 welded.
  • Fig. 6 shows a component in which in a row Bridge wires 7 diagonally in the same direction between the longitudinal wires 3 and 4 of the wire mesh mats 1, 2 run while in the In the next row, the web wires 7 'drawn with dashed lines are also shown in the same direction, but with the opposite direction run between the corresponding longitudinal wires, i.e. the component has several rows of the same direction slanted bridge wires with changing direction from row to row Line.
  • the ranks of same mind slanted land wires can also be between the cross wires 5, 6 of the wire mesh mats 1, 2 run.
  • Fig. 7 shows a component with oppositely inclined Bridge wires 7 per row, with the spacing adjacent Bridge wires in the row can be chosen so that the each other facing ends of the bridge wires come as close as possible, whereby possibly two bridge wires together in one operation be welded with the appropriate wire mesh can.
  • the web wires 7 can, as in 8, also perpendicular to the wire mesh mats 1, 2 can be arranged. Because in this case the position of the insulator 8 in the lattice body due to the web wires 7 is insufficient is fixed, there are 8 for fixing the insulating body Spacers 9 are provided, each corresponding to the corresponding Support wire mesh wires of wire mesh mats 1, 2. The spacers 9 are also used for components inclined ridge wires 7 used when on the ground the material quality of the insulating body the fixation the same is not guaranteed in the lattice body by the web wires is. This applies, for example, to insulating bodies made of bonded Reed or bamboo cane.
  • the insulating body 8 can also be asymmetrical be arranged to the two wire mesh mats 1, 2. Hiebei are the diameter of the grid wires 4, 4 ', 6, 6' of wire mesh mat 2 lying further away from the insulating body 8 advantageously larger than the diameter of the grid wires 3, 3 ', 5, 5 'of the wire mesh mat lying closer to the insulating body 8 1.
  • Edge wires 10 are provided.
  • the diameter the edge web wires 10 are preferably equal to the diameter of the bridge wires 7, 7 '.
  • FIG. 11 shows a component according to the invention, whose insulating body 8 on the parallel to the cross wires 5, 6 extending side surfaces 11 not with the two Wire mesh mats 1, 2 completes, but laterally from these is towered over.
  • the insulating body 8 can also on its two side surfaces 11 finish flush with the inner wire mesh mat 2 and only the outer wire mesh mat 1 in practical use tower over.
  • wire mesh mats can be the insulating body 8 also protrude laterally on all side surfaces of the same.
  • any bridging wires can 10 can be arranged such that they are outside the insulating body run or connect to this on the side.
  • the longitudinal and transverse wires of the wire mesh mats 1, 2 and the bridge wires can have any cross section.
  • the cross-sections can be oval, rectangular, polygonal or how shown in Fig. 12, be square.
  • the reference numbers of the corresponding wires are 3 "or 4" for the square Line wires, 5 “or 6" for the square cross wires and 7 " for the square bridge wires.
  • FIG. 13 shows a component which has a two-part insulating body 8 '. If necessary, the Parts of the insulating body at their contact surfaces with one another be glued. Close the two parts of the insulating body 8 ' to save material cavities 12, but also with other materials, such as bulk, trickle and flowable insulating materials, such as wood and foam chips, Sand, plastic, rice or straw waste, filled can be.
  • the insulating body 8 ' can also consist of several interconnectable parts, for example one have a multilayer structure. It is still possible a one-piece insulating body 8 with cavities 12 Mistake.
  • the thickness of the outer shell 13 becomes corresponding the static, sound and thermal requirements the component selected and is for example 20 to 200 mm. If the component is used as a ceiling element, it must for structural reasons, the minimum thickness of the outer shell 13 50 mm.
  • an inner shell 14 is applied, which connects to the insulating body 8, the inner Wire mesh mat 2 encloses and for example made of concrete or Mortar.
  • the thickness of the inner shell 14 becomes corresponding the static, sound and thermal requirements the component selected and is for example 20 to 200 mm.
  • the two shells 13, 14 are preferably at the place of use of the component applied, for example in Sprayed on wet or dry process.
  • the wires 7, 7 'and 10 Since the partial areas lying in the interior of the component the bridge wires 7, 7 'and, if appropriate, also the edge bridge wires 10 not covered with concrete and therefore corrosion exposed, the wires 7, 7 'and 10 must be coated with an anti-corrosion layer be provided. This will be preferred by galvanizing and / or coating the wires 7, 7 'or 10 reached. For cost reasons, it has proven to be advantageous at least during the manufacture of the lattice body to use galvanized wire for the bridge wires 7, 7 '.
  • the Wires 7, 7 'and 10 can also be made of stainless steel or from other, non-corrosive materials, e.g. Aluminum alloys, be produced, these with the grid wires the wire mesh mats 1, 2 connectable, preferably must be weldable. As well like the bridge wires 7, 7 'and 10, the grid wire can also the wire mesh mats 1, 2 with a corrosion protection layer be provided or of stainless steel qualities or of other, non-corrosive materials.
  • 16a is a detail of a component with a very thick outer shell 13 'shown in concrete, the outer shell 13' with a outer, additional reinforcement mat 15 is reinforced, the distance to the outer wire mesh mat 1 according to the static Requirements for the component is freely selectable.
  • the outer additional reinforcement mat 15 prevented by temperature and Shrinkage caused by cracks in the outer shell 13 '.
  • the component can for static reasons and / or Increase the sound insulation even with a very thick inner shell 14 'are provided, these either with only one inner wire mesh mat 2 or, as Fig. 16b shows, with a inner wire mesh mat 2 and an inner, additional reinforcement mat 15 'is reinforced.
  • the distance of the inner additional reinforcement mat 15 'to the inner wire mesh mat 2 is corresponding the structural requirements for the component can be freely selected.
  • the diameter of the wire mesh of the inner additional reinforcement mat 15 'are preferably larger than the diameter of the Lattice wires of the two wire mesh mats 1, 2 and are, for example in the range of 6 to 6 mm.
  • the inner wire mesh mat 2 and the inner additional reinforcement mat 15 ' can be connected by a plurality of spacer wires 24 be preferably perpendicular to the inner wire mesh mat 2 and inner additional reinforcement mat 15 'and their mutual, lateral distance is freely selectable.
  • the diameter the spacer wires 24 are preferably equal to the diameters the grid wires of the wire mesh mats 1, 2.
  • outer additional reinforcement mat 15 and the outer wire mesh mat 1 can with spacer wires be connected, preferably perpendicular to the outer Wire mesh mat 1 and outer additional reinforcement mat 15 run.
  • These spacer wires are available with selectable lateral distances arranged to each other and have diameters, preferably equal to the diameter of the grid wires of the two Wire mesh mats 1, 2 are.
  • Concrete shells 13 'and 14' can be used at the place of use
  • Component can also be cast from in-situ concrete, the external limitation of the concrete shells 13 ', 14' by not Formwork shown is formed.
  • a lining plate 16 is arranged, which rests on the inner wire mesh mat 2 and is attached to an assembly aid 17.
  • the lining plate 16 forms the non-load-bearing inner wall of the component and can, since they do not perform any static tasks must, made of lightweight material, such as a plywood board, a plasterboard and the like. exist and according to the Equipment requests for the interior can be designed decoratively.
  • the assembly aid 17 is between the insulating body 8 and the inner wire mesh mat 2 and exists for example, from several strips between the Bridge wires run vertically, as far as the component is used as a wall component.
  • the assembly aid 17 can, if necessary, on the wires 4 and 6 the inner wire mesh mat 2, for example by means of not illustrated staples, or on the insulating body 8, for example by means of an adhesive layer.
  • the assembly aid 17 must be made of suitable material, for example are made of wood, which securely anchors the lining panel 16 on the inner wire mesh mat in between 2 guaranteed.
  • the lining plate 16 is not attached to the insulating body 8, naturally due to its material properties no secure attachment allowed, but on the inside Wire mesh mat 2 firmly anchored or clamped against it.
  • the top surfaces 18 of the Insulating body 8, 8 ' are roughened.
  • the top surfaces can be provided with depressions 19 with the help of gears or rollers, who wear spikes or pimples on their circumference while the manufacture of the component in the ceiling surfaces 18 of the Insulator are molded.
  • FIG Insulating body 8, 8 'on its top surfaces 18 with transverse grooves 20 can be provided when using the component as a wall element run in the horizontal direction.
  • the recesses 19 and the transverse grooves 20 can already are produced in the manufacture of the insulating body.
  • a plaster support grid 21 are used on the top surface 18 of the insulating body 8, 8 'rests and through the web wires 7 or the insulating body 8, 8 'is fixed.
  • the plaster support grid 21 consists for example of a fine mesh welded or woven wire mesh with a mesh size of for example 10 to 25 mm and wire diameters in the range from 0.8 to 1 mm.
  • the plaster support grid 21 can also consist of expanded metal.
  • an additional separating layer 22 made of, for example, impregnated Construction paper or cardboard can be arranged that also serves as a vapor barrier and preferably with the Plaster support grid 21 is connected.
  • the interface layers 22 can for example be made of cardboard, cardboard, plastic plates, with thin plasterboard or concrete slabs or exist without reinforcement.
  • the separation layers 22 are either from the bridge wires 7 or with the help of spacers fixed in their position relative to the wire mesh mats 1, 2.
  • the space 23 between the separation layers 22 is either during the manufacture of the component or only at the place of use the component filled with suitable insulating material, whereby a central insulating layer 8 "in the component arises.
  • the separating layers 22 are the boundary surfaces of the central insulation layer 8 "precisely, it is possible to use materials to build up the insulating layer do not have to be dimensionally stable or self-supporting.
  • the materials should however be pourable, pourable or flowable and can be made, for example, of plastics that are foamable in situ, Plastic, rubber or wood waste, foam chips, Sand, slag, expanded concrete, rice or straw waste or brick chippings consist.
  • On the wire mesh mats 1 and 2 facing Surfaces of the separating layers 22 can also each a plaster support grid 21 can be arranged.
  • the insulating body 8, 8 'and the central insulating layer 8 "and the separating layers 22 can be made of heavy or non-flammable materials or impregnated with substances or be provided, the insulating body 8, 8 ', the central insulating layer 8 "and the separating layers 22 heavy or make it non-flammable.
  • the insulating body 8, 8 'and the Separating layers 22 may also have a heavy or not flammable paint.
  • the Insulating body 8, 8 'or the central insulating layer 8 at least a side surface 11 of the insulating body 8, 8 'or central insulating layer 8 "at least one wire mesh mat 1, 2 protrudes from the side.

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  • Architecture (AREA)
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Abstract

Building element having two parallel welded wire grid mats ( 1, 2 ), of straight web wires ( 7 ) which hold the wire grid mats at a predetermined distance apart and are joined at each end to the two wire grid mats. An insulating body ( 8 ) is arranged between the wire grid mats, through which the web wires pass. At least one of the wire grid mats is in the form of a grid reinforcement mat which possesses a minimum strength of the weld nodes which complies with the static requirements applicable to the building element, corresponding mechanical strength of the grid mat wires ( 3, 4 ) and also corresponding diameters and mutual spacings of the grid mat wires. The web wires are arranged in predetermined directions relative to the wire grid mats, and the insulating body is held at a predetermined distance from each of the wire grid mats.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Bauelement aus zwei parallelen geschweißten Drahtgittermatten mit quadratischen oder rechteckigen Maschen, aus die Drahtgittermatten in einem vorbestimmten gegenseitigen Abstand haltenden Stegdrähten, und aus einem zwischen den Drahtgittermatten angeordneten, von den Stegdrähten durchdrungenen einteiligen Isolierkörper.The invention relates to a component two parallel welded wire mesh mats with square or rectangular meshes, from which wire mesh mats in web wires maintaining a predetermined mutual distance, and one arranged between the wire mesh mats, one-piece insulating body penetrated by the bridge wires.

Aus der AT-A-372 886 sind ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Bauelementes bekannt. Dabei werden zunächst zwei Drahtgitterbahnen in einem der gewünschten Dicke des herzustellenden Gitterkörpers entsprechenden gegenseitigen Abstand in parallele Lage gebracht. In den Zwischenraum zwischen den Drahtgitterbahnen und mit einem Abstand von jeder Drahtgitterbahn wird ein Isolierkörper eingefügt. Stegdrähte werden durch eine der beiden Drahtgitterbahnen in den Zwischenraum zwischen den Isolierkörper derart geführt, daß jeder Stegdraht nahe je einem Gitterdraht der beiden Drahtgitterbahnen zu liegen kommt, worauf die Stegdrähte mit den Gitterdrähten der Drahtgitterbahnen verschweißt werden. Abschließend werden von dem auf diese Weise hergestellten Gitterkörper Bauelemente entsprechender Länge abgetrennt.AT-A-372 886 discloses a method and an apparatus known for producing a component. In doing so first two wire mesh webs in one of the desired thickness of the lattice body to be produced corresponding to each other Distance brought into parallel position. In the space between the wire mesh and at a distance from everyone An insulating body is inserted into the wire mesh. Bridge wires through one of the two wire mesh webs into the space guided between the insulator such that each bridge wire close to a grid wire each of the two wire grid tracks lie, whereupon the bridge wires with the grid wires of Wire mesh webs are welded. In conclusion, by corresponding to the lattice body produced in this way Length separated.

Ein ähnliches Bauelement ist aus der GB-A-2 234 276 bekannt, die eine Leichtbauplatte betrifft, welche aus zwei parallelen Drahtgittermatten, aus mehreren, die beiden Drahtgittermatten verbindenden geraden Stegdrähten, aus Mörtelschichten, welche die beiden Drahtgittermatten umschließen, sowie aus einem zwischen den Mörtelschichten angeordneten Kern besteht. Der Kern wird entweder in den fertigen Gitterkörper zwischen die im Bereich der Drahtgittermatten angebrachten Mörtelschichten eingefügt oder in den Gitterkörper von der Seite her eingeschoben oder vor dem Herstellen des Gitterkörpers in der Produktionsanlage desselben zwischen die beiden Drahtgittermatten unter Zuhilfenahme von Abstandhaltern eingelegt.A similar component is known from GB-A-2 234 276, which concerns a lightweight board consisting of two parallel ones Wire mesh mats, consisting of several, the two wire mesh mats connecting straight bridge wires, made of layers of mortar, which enclose the two wire mesh mats, as well there is a core arranged between the mortar layers. The core is either in between the finished lattice body the mortar layers applied in the area of the wire mesh mats inserted or inserted into the grid body from the side or before manufacturing the lattice body in the production plant the same between the two wire mesh mats inserted with the help of spacers.

Aus der US-A-3 305 991 ist ein Bauelement bekannt, das aus einem dreidimensionalen Gitterkörper besteht, in welchen in situ ein einteiliger Isolierkörper eingeschäumt ist. Der Gitterkörper weist zwei mit Abstand zueinander angeordnete Drahtgittermatten auf, die mit Hilfe von zickzackförmig ausgebildeten Stegdrähten verbunden sind. Auf der Baustelle wird das Bauelement an seinen beiden Deckflächen jeweils mit einer Schicht aus Beton oder Mörtel versehen. Nachteilig ist hiebei, daß auf Grund des komplizierten Herstellungsverfahrens eine Änderung der Form und der Abmessungen des Bauelementes, insbesondere zwecks Anpassung an unterschiedliche statische Erfordernisse nur schwer möglich ist und daß als Material für den Isolierkörper nur in situ schäumbare Werkstoffe verwendet werden können. Nachteilig ist außerdem, daß die Stegdrähte an ihren Wellenscheiteln jeweils nur in einem Punkt mit den Gitterdrähten verbunden sind. Eine andere Bauelementausführung ist aus der US-A-4 297 820 bekannt. Bei diesem Bauelement sind ebenfalls zickzackförmig ausgebildete Stegdrähte nur in einem Punkt ihrer Wellenscheitel mit den Gitterdrähten verbunden, und es sind zwischen je zwei benachbarten Stegdrähten in Richtung der längeren Bauelementerstreckung einzelne Isolierkörper eingeschoben, was die Herstellung des Bauelementes erheblich erschwert.From US-A-3 305 991 a component is known which consists of a three-dimensional lattice body, in which in a one-piece insulating body is foamed in situ. The grid body has two spaced wire mesh mats on that with the help of zigzag trained Bridge wires are connected. The component is on the construction site with a layer on both of its top surfaces made of concrete or mortar. The disadvantage here is that A change due to the complicated manufacturing process the shape and dimensions of the component, in particular to adapt to different static requirements is difficult and that as a material for the insulating body only foamable materials can be used. Another disadvantage is that the web wires at their apices only connected to the grid wires at one point are. Another component design is from US-A-4 297,820. This component is also zigzag trained bridge wires only in one point of their Wave crests connected to the grid wires, and there are between two adjacent bridge wires in the direction of the longer one Component extension, individual insulators inserted, which significantly complicates the manufacture of the component.

Aus der US-A-4 104 842 ist ein Bauelement bekannt, dessen dreidimensionaler Gitterkörper ebenfalls zwei mit Abstand zueinander angeordnete Drahtgittermatten sowie die Drahtgittermatten verbindende, zickzackförmig ausgebildete Stegdrähte aufweist. Auf der Innenseite zumindest einer Drahtgittermatte und mit Abstand von dieser ist eine Deckschicht aus Baupapier angebracht, die als Begrenzungsschicht der nachträglich aufzubringenden Betonschale dient. Werden zwei Deckschichten verwendet, so entsteht im Inneren des Bauelementes ein Hohlraum, der nachträglich mit Material gefüllt werden kann. Nachteilig ist wiederum das komplizierte Herstellungsverfahren, das eine Änderung der Form und der Dimension des Bauelementes erschwert, sowie die Einschränkung der Materialien für den Isolierkörper auf Stoffe, die riesel- oder fließfähig sein müssen, um den von den zickzackförmigen Stegdrähten durchsetzten Hohlraum des Bauelementes ausfüllen zu können. Nachteilig ist außerdem, daß die Stegdrähte an ihren Wellenscheiteln jeweils nur in einem Punkt mit den Gitterdrähten verbunden sind.A component is known from US-A-4 104 842, the three-dimensional lattice body also two at a distance from each other arranged wire mesh mats and the wire mesh mats connecting, zigzag-shaped web wires. On the inside at least one wire mesh mat and at a distance from this there is a cover layer made of construction paper, those to be applied later as a boundary layer Concrete shell is used. If two cover layers are used, this creates a cavity in the interior of the component that can be added later can be filled with material. Another disadvantage is the complicated manufacturing process that is a change the shape and dimension of the component difficult, and the restriction of the materials for the insulating body Substances that have to be pourable or flowable in order to be zigzag-shaped bridge wires penetrate the cavity of the component to be able to fill out. Another disadvantage is that the Bridge wires at their apices only at one point are connected to the grid wires.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Bauelement der einleitend angegebenen Gattung zu schaffen, das sich für die Praxis optimal eignet und auf einfache Weise hergestellt sowie rasch an unterschiedliche statische Erfordernisse angepaßt werden kann. Das Bauelement soll zugleich die Auswahl verschiedener Materialien für den Isolierkörper ermöglichen und das Aufbringen der Betonschicht an der Verwendungsstelle des Bauelementes erleichtern.The object of the invention is to initiate a component to create the specified genus that is suitable for practice optimally suited and manufactured in a simple manner and quickly can be adapted to different static requirements can. The component is supposed to be the selection of different ones Allow materials for the insulating body and the application the concrete layer at the point of use of the component facilitate.

Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ein Bauelement, bestehend aus zwei parallelen geschweißten Drahtgittermatten mit quadratischen oder rechteckigen Maschen, aus geraden, die Drahtgittermatten in einem vorbestimmten gegenseitigen Abstand haltenden, zu den Drahtgittermatten schräg verlaufenden und an jedem Ende mit diesen verschweißten Einzelstegdrähten, die zwischen den Drähten der als Bewehrungsmatte ausgebildeten Drahtgittermatten in parallelen Reihen angeordnet sind und einen im Vergleich zu den Gittermattendrähten größeren Durchmesser haben, so daß sie Schubbewehrungselemente bilden, wobei die Abstände der Stegdrähte zueinander in Richtung der Gittermatten-Längsdrähte und der Gittermatten-Querdrähte ein Vielfaches der Teilung der Gittermattenmaschen betragen, und aus einem zwischen den Drahtgittermatten mit vorbestimmten Abständen zu diesen angeordneten einteiligen formstabilen Isolierkörper, insbesondere aus Schaumkunststoff, der ausschließlich durch die diesen durchsetzenden, in jeder Stegdrahtreihe fachwerkartig, abwechselnd gegensinnig schräg verlaufenden Stegdrähte zwischen den Drahtgittermatten gehalten ist, wobei zumindest eine Deckfläche des Isolierkörpers für eine aus tragfähigem Material bestehende Außenschale mit einem Putzträgergitter versehen ist und zwischen dem Putzträgergitter und der Deckfläche des Isolierkörpers eine die gesamte Deckfläche überdeckende Trennschicht vorgesehen ist, die vorzugsweise als Dampfsperre dient und mit dem Putzträgergitter verbunden ist.The invention relates to a component consisting of two parallel welded wire mesh mats with square or rectangular mesh, from straight, the wire mesh mats keeping at a predetermined mutual distance, to the wire mesh mats running diagonally and on each End with these welded single bridge wires that are between the wires of the wire mesh mats designed as reinforcement mats are arranged in parallel rows and one in comparison to the wire mesh wires have a larger diameter, so that they form shear reinforcement elements, the distances of the web wires to each other in the direction of the grid wire longitudinal wires and the wire mesh cross wires a multiple of the pitch of the mesh mesh, and from one between the wire mesh mats arranged at predetermined distances from them one-piece dimensionally stable insulating body, in particular Made of foam plastic, made exclusively by these penetrating, truss-like in each row of row wires, alternating oppositely sloping bridge wires between the Wire mesh mats is held, with at least one top surface of the insulating body for an existing of load-bearing material Outer shell is provided with a plaster support grid and between the plaster support grid and the top surface of the insulating body a separating layer covering the entire top surface is provided is, which preferably serves as a vapor barrier and with the Plaster support grid is connected.

Die erfindungsgemäße Merkmalskombination ergibt gegenüber dem Stand der Technik den Vorteil, daß das erfindungsgemäße Bauelement für den praktischen Einsatz optimal dimensioniert und geeignet ist, weil beide Gittermatten des Bauelementes als Bewehrungsmatten für tragfähige Schalen ausgebildet sind, die größeren Durchmesser als die Gittermattendrähte aufweisenden Stegdrähte Schubbewehrungselemente bilden und der als formstabiler Körper ausgebildete Isolierkörper nicht nur gegen unbeabsichtigte Bewegung im rauhen Baubetrieb sicher in seiner vorbestimmten Lage gehalten, sondern auch zur einwandfreien Verbindung mit den auf das Bauelement aufzubringenden Außenschalen vorbereitet ist. Das erfindungsgemäße Bauelement ist auf einfache Weise an unterschiedliche statische Erfordernisse anpaßbar.The combination of features according to the invention results in the prior art the advantage that the invention Component optimally dimensioned for practical use and is suitable because both grid mats of the component designed as reinforcement mats for load-bearing shells are larger diameters than the wire mesh wires having web wires form shear reinforcement elements and the Insulated bodies designed as dimensionally stable bodies not only against unintentional movement in rough construction operations held its predetermined position, but also to impeccable Connection with those to be applied to the component Outer shell is prepared. The component according to the invention is easy to meet different static requirements customizable.

Gegenüber den bekannten Bauelementen mit zickzackförmigen Stegdrähten und nur einem Schweißpunkt im Bereich der Wellenscheitel hat das Bauelement gemäß der Erfindung den Vorteil, daß die Stegdrähte als Einzeldrähte ausgebildet sind und daher im Verbindungsbereich mit den Gittermattendrähten zwei Schweißpunkte vorhanden sind, so daß die statische Sicherheit praktisch verdoppelt wird.Compared to the known components with zigzag Bridge wires and only one welding spot in the area of the shaft apex the component according to the invention has the advantage that the land wires are designed as individual wires and therefore two welding spots in the connection area with the wire mesh wires are in place, so the static safety is practical is doubled.

Es sei noch erwähnt, daß aus der US-A-3 879 908 ein modulares Bauelement hervorgeht, das einen Gitterkörper, einen mehrteiligen Isolierkörper innerhalb des Gitterkörpers sowie eine Materialschicht zum Fixieren der Isolierkörperteile innerhalb des Gitterkörpers aufweist. Der Gitterkörper wird aus streifenförmigen Substrukturen zusammengesetzt, die jeweils aus einem oberen und unteren Längsdraht sowie dazwischen verlaufenden, schrägen oder senkrecht zu den Längsdrähten verlaufenden Versteifungsdrähten gebildet werden, wobei die Längsdrähte der einzelnen Substrukturen mit Hilfe von senkrecht zu den Längsdrähten angeordneten Querdrähten verbunden werden. In die durch die Substrukturen gebildeten Zwischenräume werden die Einzelteile des Isolierkörpers eingeschoben. Die Isolierkerne können aus massiven Isoliermaterialien, aber auch aus hohlen Papierrohren bestehen. Die Materialschicht zum Festlegen der Isolierkerne besteht aus Isoliermaterial, wie z.B. Isolierschaum, Polystyrol, Latex u.ä. Bei diesem Bauelement ist jedoch keine der Deckflächen des dreidimensionalen Gitterkörpers als Drahtgitter-Bewehrungsmatte ausgebildet ist, der Isolierkörper hat keinen zusammenhängenden einteiligen Aufbau und die Stegdrähte durchdringen die einzelnen Isolierkerne nicht, sondern verlaufen in den Zwischenräumen zwischen benachbarten Isolierkernen. Das Bauelement unterscheidet sich somit schon gattungsmäßig von der Erfindung.It should also be mentioned that from US-A-3 879 908 a modular Component emerges that a lattice body, a multi-part insulating body within the grid body as well a material layer for fixing the insulating body parts inside of the lattice body. The lattice body is made strip-shaped substructures, each composed of an upper and lower line wire and between them, oblique or perpendicular to the longitudinal wires Stiffening wires are formed, the longitudinal wires of the individual substructures with the help of perpendicular to the longitudinal wires arranged cross wires are connected. In the through the substructures formed gaps become the individual parts of the insulator. The insulating cores can made from solid insulating materials, but also from hollow paper tubes consist. The layer of material used to define the insulation cores consists of insulating material, e.g. Insulating foam, polystyrene, Latex etc. However, this component is not one of the Cover surfaces of the three-dimensional lattice body as a wire mesh reinforcement mat is formed, the insulating body has none contiguous one-piece construction and the bridge wires do not penetrate the individual insulation cores, but run in the spaces between adjacent insulating cores. The component therefore already differs generically from the invention.

Aus der US-A-4 702 053 ist ebenfalls ein Bauelement bekannt. Diese Druckschrift beschäftigt sich mit einem Betonwandlaminat mit einem Isolierkern aus einer Vielzahl von Panelen, an deren Stoßflächen jeweils Leitern angeordnet sind, welche die Isolierkerne abstützen. Das Aufbaukonzept des Bauelementes unterscheidet sich wesentlich von der Erfindung.A component is also known from US-A-4 702 053. This document deals with a concrete wall laminate with an insulating core made of a variety of panels, on the abutting faces of which conductors are arranged support the insulating cores. The construction concept of the component differs significantly from the invention.

Für den praktischen Einsatz des Bauelementes als Wandoder Deckenelement ist es besonders vorteilhaft, wenn zumindest eine Drahtgittermatte den Isolierkörper an zumindest einer Seitenfläche desselben, wie an sich bekannt, seitlich überragt.For practical use of the component as a wall or Ceiling element, it is particularly advantageous if at least a wire mesh mat the insulating body on at least one side surface of the same, as is known per se, protrudes laterally.

Nach einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung kann an der zur Bildung der Bauelementaußenseite bestimmten äußeren Drahtgittermatte eine zweilagig ausgebildete Außenschale aus Beton aufgebracht sein, die an den Isolierkörper anschließt, die äußere Drahtgittermatte umschließt und zusammen mit dieser den tragenden Bestandteil des Bauelementes bildet, wobei die zweilagige Außenschale mit einer Zusatzbewehrungsmatte versehen ist.According to a further feature of the invention, the Formation of the outer side of the component determined by a wire mesh mat applied a two-layer outer shell made of concrete be connected to the insulating body, the outer Wire mesh mat encloses and together with this the load-bearing Forms part of the component, the two-layer Outer shell is provided with an additional reinforcement mat.

Vorzugsweise wird an der zur Bildung der Bauelementinnenseite bestimmten inneren Drahtgittermatte eine Innenschale aufgebracht, die an den Isolierkörper anschließt, die innere Drahtgittermatte umschließt und zusammen mit dieser den tragenden Bestandteil des Bauelementes bildet, wobei die Innenschale mit einer inneren Zusatzbewehrungsmatte versehen ist.It is preferred to form the inner wire mesh mat determined on the inside of the component an inner shell applied to the insulating body connects, the inner wire mesh mat encloses and together forms the load-bearing component of the component, the inner shell with an inner additional reinforcement mat is provided.

Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung werden an Hand einiger Ausführungsbeispiele unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 in axonometrischer Ansicht ein Bauelement gemäß der Erfindung;
  • Fig. 2 eine Draufsicht des Bauelementes nach Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 eine Seitenansicht des Bauelementes nach Fig. 1 in Richtung der Querdrähte gesehen;
  • die Fig. 4 bis 8 Seitenansichten von Bauelementen gemäß der Erfindung mit verschiedenen Ausführungsbeispielen für die Anordnung der Stegdrähte innerhalb des Bauelementes;
  • Fig. 9 eine Seitenansicht eines Bauelementes mit asymmetrisch angeordnetem Isolierkörper;
  • Fig. 10 eine Seitenansicht eines Bauelementes mit zusätzlichen, senkrecht zu den Drahtgittermatten verlaufenden Randstegdrähten;
  • Fig. 11 eine Seitenansicht eines Bauelementes mit Drahtgittermatten, die den Isolierkörper am Rand des Bauelementes seitlich überragen;
  • Fig. 12 eine Seitenansicht eines Bauelementes mit quadratischen Drähten der Drahtgittermatten und quadratischen Stegdrähten;
  • Fig. 13 eine Seitenansicht eines Bauelementes mit einem mit Hohlräumen versehenen Isolierkörper;
  • Fig. 14 in schematischer, perspektivischer Ansicht ein Bauelement mit einer Außenschale und einer Innenschale aus Beton;
  • Fig. 15 einen Ausschnitt eines Schnittes durch ein Bauelement gemäß Fig. 14;
  • Fig. 16a einen Schnitt durch ein Bauelement mit einer zweilagigen Bewehrung, wobei in der Außenschale eine zusätzliche Bewehrungsmatte vorgesehen ist und die Innenschale aus Beton besteht;
  • Fig. 16b einen Schnitt durch ein Bauelement mit einer zweilagigen Bewehrung, wobei in der Innenschale eine zusätzliche Bewehrungsmatte vorgesehen ist und die Außenschale aus Beton besteht;
  • Fig. 17 einen Schnitt durch ein Bauelement mit einer Außenschale aus Beton und mit einer Auskleidungsplatte auf der Innenseite des Bauelementes;
  • Fig. 18 eine Seitenansicht eines Bauelementes mit einem Isolierkörper, dessen Deckflächen mit Vertiefungen versehen sind;
  • Fig. 19 eine Seitenansicht eines Bauelementes mit einem Isolierkörper, dessen Deckflächen mit Querrillen versehen sind;
  • Fig. 20 eine Seitenansicht eines Bauelementes mit einem Putzträgergitter sowie mit einer Trennschicht auf einer Deckfläche des Isolierkörpers, und
  • Fig. 21 eine Seitenansicht eines Bauelementes mit jeweils zwei Trennschichten und zwei Putzträgergittern sowie einer dazwischenliegenden Isoliermaterialschicht.
  • Further features and advantages of the invention are explained in more detail with the aid of a few exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings. Show it:
  • 1 shows an axonometric view of a component according to the invention;
  • FIG. 2 shows a top view of the component according to FIG. 1;
  • Fig. 3 seen a side view of the component of Figure 1 in the direction of the cross wires.
  • 4 to 8 are side views of components according to the invention with different exemplary embodiments for the arrangement of the bridge wires within the component;
  • 9 shows a side view of a component with an asymmetrically arranged insulating body;
  • 10 is a side view of a component with additional edge web wires running perpendicular to the wire mesh mats;
  • 11 shows a side view of a component with wire mesh mats which laterally project beyond the insulating body at the edge of the component;
  • 12 shows a side view of a component with square wires of the wire mesh mats and square bridge wires;
  • 13 shows a side view of a component with an insulating body provided with cavities;
  • 14 is a schematic, perspective view of a component with an outer shell and an inner shell made of concrete;
  • 15 shows a detail of a section through a component according to FIG. 14;
  • 16a shows a section through a component with a two-layer reinforcement, an additional reinforcement mat being provided in the outer shell and the inner shell consisting of concrete;
  • 16b shows a section through a component with a two-layer reinforcement, an additional reinforcement mat being provided in the inner shell and the outer shell being made of concrete;
  • 17 shows a section through a component with an outer shell made of concrete and with a lining plate on the inside of the component;
  • 18 shows a side view of a component with an insulating body, the top surfaces of which are provided with depressions;
  • 19 shows a side view of a component with an insulating body, the top surfaces of which are provided with transverse grooves;
  • 20 is a side view of a component with a plaster support grid and with a separating layer on a top surface of the insulating body, and
  • 21 shows a side view of a component, each with two separating layers and two plaster support grids and an intermediate insulating material layer.
  • Das in Fig. 1 dargestellte Bauelement besteht aus zwei ebenen Drahtgittermatten 1 und 2, die in einem vorgegebenen Abstand parallel zueinander angeordnet sind. Jede Drahtgittermatte 1 bzw. 2 besteht aus mehreren Längsdrähten 3 bzw. 4 und aus mehreren Querdrähten 5 bzw. 6, die einander kreuzen und an den Kreuzungspunkten miteinander verschweißt sind. Der gegenseitige Abstand der Längsdrähte 3, 4 bzw. der Querdrähte 5, 6 zueinander wird entsprechend den statischen Anordnungen an das Bauelement gewählt. Die Abstände werden vorzugsweise gleich groß, beispielsweise im Bereich 50 bis 100 mm gewählt, so daß die jeweils benachbarten Längs- und Querdrähte quadratische Maschen bilden. Die Maschen der Drahtgittermatten 1, 2 können auch rechteckig sein und beispielsweise kurze Seitenlängen von 50 mm und lange Seitenlängen im Bereich von 75 bis 100 mm aufweisen. The component shown in Fig. 1 consists of two flat wire mesh mats 1 and 2 at a predetermined distance are arranged parallel to each other. Any wire mesh mat 1 and 2 consists of several longitudinal wires 3 and 4 and several cross wires 5 and 6, which cross each other and on the Crossing points are welded together. The mutual Distance between the longitudinal wires 3, 4 and the transverse wires 5, 6 to each other is according to the static arrangements on the component chosen. The distances are preferably the same, selected, for example, in the range from 50 to 100 mm, so that each adjacent line and cross wires square mesh form. The mesh of the wire mesh mats 1, 2 can also be rectangular and for example short Side lengths of 50 mm and long side lengths in the range of 75 up to 100 mm.

    Die Durchmesser der Längs- und Querdrähte sind ebenfalls entsprechend den statischen Erfordernissen gewählt und liegen vorzugsweise im Bereich von 2 bis 6 mm. Die Oberfläche der Gittermattendrähte kann glatt oder gerippt sein.The diameters of the line and cross wires are also selected and lie according to the static requirements preferably in the range of 2 to 6 mm. The surface of the wire mesh wires can be smooth or ribbed be.

    Die beiden Drahtgittermatten 1, 2 sind miteinander durch mehrere Stegdrähte zu einem formstabilen räumlichen Gitterkörper verbunden. Die Stegdrähte 7 sind an ihren Enden jeweils mit den Drähten der beiden Drahtgittermatten 1, 2 verschweißt, wobei die Stegdrähte 7 entweder, wie in der Zeichnung dargestellt, mit den jeweiligen Längsdrähten 3, 4 oder mit den Querdrähten 5, 6 verschweißt werden. Die Stegdrähte 7 sind alternierend gegensinnig schräg, d.h. fachwerkartig angeordnet, wodurch der Gitterkörper gegen Scherbeanspruchungen versteift wird.The two wire mesh mats 1, 2 are through with each other several bridge wires to form a stable spatial lattice body connected. The web wires 7 are at their ends with welded the wires of the two wire mesh mats 1, 2, wherein the bridge wires 7 either, as in shown in the drawing, with the respective longitudinal wires 3, 4th or welded to the cross wires 5, 6. The bridge wires 7 are alternately sloping in opposite directions, i.e. half-timbered arranged, whereby the lattice body against shear stresses is stiffened.

    Die Abstände der Stegdrähte 7 zueinander und ihre Verteilung im Bauelement hängen von der statischen Anforderung an das Bauelement ab und betragen beispielsweise entlang der Längsdrähte 200 mm und entlang der Querdrähte 100 mm. Die gegenseitigen Abstände der Stegdrähte 7, 7' in Richtung der Gittermatten-Längsdrähte 3, 4 und der Gittermatten-Querdrähte 5, 6 betragen zweckmäßig ein Vielfaches der Maschenteilung. Der Durchmesser der Stegdrähte liegt vorzugsweise im Bereich von 3 bis 7 mm, wobei bei Bauelementen mit dünnen Längs- und Querdrähten der Durchmesser der Stegdrähte vorzugsweise größer gewählt wird als der Durchmesser der Längs- und Querdrähte.The distances between the web wires 7 to one another and their distribution in the component depend on the static requirements of the Component from and amount, for example, along the longitudinal wires 200 mm and along the cross wires 100 mm. The mutual Distances of the web wires 7, 7 'in the direction of the grid wire longitudinal wires 3, 4 and the mesh cross wires 5, 6 expediently a multiple of the stitch division. The diameter the bridge wires are preferably in the range from 3 to 7 mm, with components with thin longitudinal and cross wires the diameter of the web wires is preferably chosen to be larger than the diameter of the line and cross wires.

    Da der aus den beiden Drahtgittermatten 1, 2 und den Stegdrähten 7 gebildete, räumliche Gitterkörper nicht nur formstabil sein muß, sondern bei seiner bevorzugten Verwendung als Wand- und/oder Deckenelement die Funktion eines räumlichen Bewehrungselementes erfüllen muß, d.h. Schub- und Druckkräfte aufzunehmen hat, sind sowohl die Längs- und Querdrähte untereinander, wie bei Bewehrungsmatten üblich, als auch die Stegdrähte 7 mit den Gittermattendrähten 3, 4, 5, 6 unter Einhaltung einer Mindestfestigkeit der Schweißknoten verschweißt. Um die Funktion eines räumlichen Bewehrungselementes erfüllen zu können, müssen die Gittermattendrähte 3, 4, 5, 6 und die Stegdrähte 7 aus geeigneten Werkstoffen bestehen und entsprechende mechanische Festigkeitswerte besitzen, um als Armierungsdrähte für die als Gitterbewehrungsmatten einzusetzenden Drahtgittermatten 1, 2 bzw. als die beiden Drahtgittermatten 1, 2 verbindende Armierungsdrähte verwendbar zu sein.Because of the two wire mesh mats 1, 2 and the web wires 7 formed, spatial lattice bodies not only dimensionally stable must be, but in its preferred use as Wall and / or ceiling element the function of a spatial reinforcement element must meet, i.e. Thrust and pressure forces has to take up both the longitudinal and transverse wires with each other, as usual with reinforcement mats, as well as the web wires 7 with the wire mesh wires 3, 4, 5, 6 in compliance a minimum strength of the weld nodes welded. Around to perform the function of a spatial reinforcement element can, the grid wire 3, 4, 5, 6 and the bridge wires 7 consist of suitable materials and corresponding possess mechanical strength values in order as reinforcing wires for wire mesh mats to be used as mesh reinforcement mesh 1, 2 or as the two wire mesh mats 1, 2 connecting Reinforcing wires to be usable.

    Es ist auch möglich, die Stegdrähte 7, 7' an ihren beiden Enden beispielsweise mittels Kunststoffschnurknoten oder Verrödelung zu verbinden. Alternativ können die Stegdrähte 7, 7' an ihrem einen Ende auf die vorgenannte Weise und an ihrem anderen Ende mittels Schweißung mit den Gittermattendrähten 3, 4, 5, 6 verbunden werden.It is also possible to use the bridge wires 7, 7 'at both ends, for example by means of Plastic cord knot or tie together. Alternatively can the web wires 7, 7 'at one end on the aforementioned way and at its other end by means of welding can be connected to the grid wire 3, 4, 5, 6.

    Im Zwischenraum zwischen den Drahtgittermatten 1, 2 ist in einem vorgegebenen Abstand von den Drahtgittermatten und mittig zu diesen ein Isolierkörper 8 angeordnet, der zur Wärmeisolierung und Schalldämmung dient. Der Isolierkörper 8 besteht beispielsweise aus Schaumkunststoffen, wie Polystyrol- oder Polyurethan-Schaum, Schaumstoffen auf Gummi- und Kautschukbasis, Leichtbeton, wie Autoklaven- oder Gasbeton, porösen Kunststoffen, porösen Stoffen auf Gummi- und Kautschukbasis, gepreßter Schlacke, gepreßtem Schlamm, Gipskartonplatten, zementgebundenen Preßplatten, die aus Holzschnitzeln, Jute-, Hanf- und Sisalfasern, Reisspelzen, Strohabfällen, Zuckerrohrabfüllen bestehen, Mineral- und Glaswolle, Wellkarton, gepreßten Altpapier, gebundenem Ziegelsplitt, aufgeschmolzenen wiederverwertbaren Kunststoffabfälle, zusammengebundenen Schilf- und Bambusrohr.In the space between the wire mesh mats 1, 2 is in a predetermined distance from the wire mesh mats and in the middle to this an insulating body 8 is arranged, for thermal insulation and sound insulation. The insulating body 8 is, for example made of foam plastics, such as polystyrene or polyurethane foam, Foams based on rubber and rubber, Lightweight concrete, such as autoclave or gas concrete, porous plastics, porous rubber and rubber-based fabrics, pressed Slag, pressed mud, plasterboard, cement-bound Press plates made from wood chips, jute, hemp and sisal fibers, Rice husks, straw debris, sugar cane bottling, Mineral and glass wool, corrugated cardboard, pressed waste paper, bound brick chippings, melted recyclable Plastic waste, tied reeds and bamboo cane.

    Der Isolierkörper 8 kann mit vorgebohrten Löchern zur Aufnahme der Stegdrähte 7 versehen sein. Der Isolierkörper 8 kann auch ein- oder beidseitig mit einer als Dampfsperre dienenden Kunststoff- oder Aluminiumschicht versehen sein. Die Lage des Isolierkörpers 8 im Bauelement wird durch die schräg verlaufenden Stegdrähte 7 festgelegt, die den Isolierkörper 8 durchdringen.The insulating body 8 can be pre-drilled holes for receiving the web wires 7 may be provided. The insulating body 8 can also on one or both sides with a vapor barrier Be plastic or aluminum layer. The location of the Insulator 8 in the component is due to the inclined Web wires 7 set that penetrate the insulating body 8.

    Die Dicke des Isolierkörpers 8 ist frei wählbar und liegt beispielsweise im Bereich von 20 bis 200 mm. Die Abstände des Isolierkörpers 8 zu den Drahtgittermatten 1, 2 sind ebenfalls frei wählbar und liegen beispielsweise im Bereich von 10 bis 30 mm. Das Bauelement ist in beliebiger Länge und Breite herstellbar, wobei sich auf Grund des Herstellungsverfahrens eine Mindestlänge von 100 cm und Standardbreiten von 60 cm, 100 cm, 110 cm und 120 cm als vorteilhaft erwiesen haben. The thickness of the insulating body 8 is freely selectable and lies for example in the range from 20 to 200 mm. The distances of the Insulating body 8 to the wire mesh mats 1, 2 are also freely selectable and are, for example, in the range from 10 to 30 mm. The component can be produced in any length and width, where due to the manufacturing process Minimum length of 100 cm and standard widths of 60 cm, 100 cm, 110 cm and 120 cm have proven to be advantageous.

    Wie aus der in Fig. 2 dargestellten Draufsicht des Bauelementes zu entnehmen ist, schließen am Rand des Bauelementes die Längsdrähte 3 und die Randlängsdrähte 3' jeweils bündig mit den Randquerdrähten 5' sowie die Querdrähte 5 und die Randquerdrähte 5' jeweils bündig mit den Randlängsdrähten 3' ab. Entsprechendes gilt analog für die Gittermattendrähte 4, 4', 6, 6' der anderen Drahtgittermatte 2.As from the top view of the component shown in FIG. 2 can be seen, close at the edge of the component Longitudinal wires 3 and the longitudinal edge wires 3 'each flush with the Edge cross wires 5 'and the cross wires 5 and the edge cross wires 5 'each flush with the edge longitudinal wires 3'. Corresponding applies analogously to the grid wire 4, 4 ', 6, 6' other wire mesh mat 2.

    In Fig. 3 ist eine Seitenansicht des Bauelementes nach Fig. 1, in Richtung der Querdrahtschar gesehen, dargestellt. Hiebei bilden die alternierend gegensinnig schräg zueinander verlaufenden Stegdrähte 7 eine Reihe und sind jeweils mit den entsprechenden, übereinander angeordneten Längsdrähten 3 bzw. 4 der Drahtgittermatte 1 bzw. 2 verschweißt.3 is a side view of the component according to Fig. 1, viewed in the direction of the cross wire family, shown. In this way, they alternate in opposite directions at an angle extending web wires 7 a row and are each with the corresponding longitudinal wires 3 and 4 arranged one above the other the wire mesh mat 1 or 2 welded.

    Die Fig. 4 und 5 zeigen jeweils Ausführungsbeispiele mit verschiedenen Winkeln zwischen den Stegdrähten 7 und den entsprechenden Längsdrähten 3, 4 der Drahtgittermatten 1, 2, wobei gemäß Fig. 5 innerhalb eines Bauelementes auch unterschiedliche Winkel innerhalb einer Reihe von Stegdrähten möglich sind.4 and 5 each show exemplary embodiments with different angles between the web wires 7 and the corresponding Longitudinal wires 3, 4 of the wire mesh mats 1, 2, wherein 5 also different within a component Angles are possible within a series of land wires.

    Fig. 6 zeigt ein Bauelement, bei dem in einer Reihe die Stegdrähte 7 gleichsinnig schräg zwischen den Längsdrähten 3 und 4 der Drahtgittermatten 1, 2 verlaufen, während in der nächsten Reihe die strichliert gezeichneten Stegdrähte 7' ebenfalls gleichsinnig schräg, jedoch mit entgegengesetztem Richtungssinn zwischen den entsprechenden Längsdrähten verlaufen, d.h. das Bauelement besitzt mehrere Reihen von gleichsinnig schrägen Stegdrähten mit wechselndem Richtungssinn von Reihe zu Reihe. Die Reihen von gleichsinnig schräg ausgerichteten Stegdrähten können auch zwischen den Querdrähten 5, 6 der Drahtgittermatten 1, 2 verlaufen.Fig. 6 shows a component in which in a row Bridge wires 7 diagonally in the same direction between the longitudinal wires 3 and 4 of the wire mesh mats 1, 2 run while in the In the next row, the web wires 7 'drawn with dashed lines are also shown in the same direction, but with the opposite direction run between the corresponding longitudinal wires, i.e. the component has several rows of the same direction slanted bridge wires with changing direction from row to row Line. The ranks of same mind slanted land wires can also be between the cross wires 5, 6 of the wire mesh mats 1, 2 run.

    Fig. 7 zeigt ein Bauelement mit gegensinnig schräg verlaufenden Stegdrähten 7 je Reihe, wobei die Abstände benachbarter Stegdrähte in der Reihe derart gewählt werden, daß die einander zugekehrten Enden der Stegdrähte sich möglichst nahe kommen, wodurch gegebenenfalls zwei Stegdrähte gemeinsam in einem Arbeitsgang mit dem entsprechenden Gitterdraht verschweißt werden können.Fig. 7 shows a component with oppositely inclined Bridge wires 7 per row, with the spacing adjacent Bridge wires in the row can be chosen so that the each other facing ends of the bridge wires come as close as possible, whereby possibly two bridge wires together in one operation be welded with the appropriate wire mesh can.

    Die Stegdrähte 7 können, wie in Fig. 8 dargestellt, auch senkrecht zu den Drahtgittermatten 1, 2 angeordnet werden. Da in diesem Fall die Lage des Isolierkörpers 8 im Gitterkörper durch die Stegdrähte 7 nur ungenügend fixiert wird, sind zum Festlegen des Isolierkörpers 8 mehrere Abstandhalter 9 vorgesehen, die sich jeweils an den entsprechenden Gittermattendrähten der Drahtgittermatten 1, 2 abstützen. Die Abstandhalter 9 werden auch bei Bauelementen mit schräg verlaufenden Stegdrähten 7 eingesetzt, wenn auf Grund der Materialbeschaffenheit des Isolierkörpers die Fixierung desselben im Gitterkörper durch die Stegdrähte nicht gewährleistet ist. Dies gilt beispielsweise für Isolierkörper aus zusammengebundenem Schilf- oder Bambusrohr.The web wires 7 can, as in 8, also perpendicular to the wire mesh mats 1, 2 can be arranged. Because in this case the position of the insulator 8 in the lattice body due to the web wires 7 is insufficient is fixed, there are 8 for fixing the insulating body Spacers 9 are provided, each corresponding to the corresponding Support wire mesh wires of wire mesh mats 1, 2. The spacers 9 are also used for components inclined ridge wires 7 used when on the ground the material quality of the insulating body the fixation the same is not guaranteed in the lattice body by the web wires is. This applies, for example, to insulating bodies made of bonded Reed or bamboo cane.

    Wie Fig. 9 zeigt, kann der Isolierkörper 8 auch asymmetrisch zu den beiden Drahtgittermatten 1, 2 angeordnet werden. Hiebei sind die Durchmesser der Gitterdrähte 4, 4', 6, 6' der zum Isolierkörper 8 entfernter liegenden Drahtgittermatte 2 vorteilhaft größer als die Durchmesser der Gitterdrähte 3, 3', 5, 5' der zum Isolierkörper 8 näher liegenden Drahtgittermatte 1.As FIG. 9 shows, the insulating body 8 can also be asymmetrical be arranged to the two wire mesh mats 1, 2. Hiebei are the diameter of the grid wires 4, 4 ', 6, 6' of wire mesh mat 2 lying further away from the insulating body 8 advantageously larger than the diameter of the grid wires 3, 3 ', 5, 5 'of the wire mesh mat lying closer to the insulating body 8 1.

    Zur Versteifung des Gitterkörpers an seinen Rändern können gemäß Fig. 10 zusätzliche, vorzugsweise senkrecht zu den Drahtgittermatten 1, 2 verlaufende und mit den entsprechenden Randgitterdrähten 3', 4', 5', 6' der Drahtgittermatten 1, 2 verschweißte Randstegdrähte 10 vorgesehen werden. Der Durchmesser der Randstegdrähte 10 ist vorzugsweise gleich dem Durchmesser der Stegdrähte 7, 7'.To stiffen the grid body at its edges 10 additional, preferably perpendicular to the wire mesh mats 1, 2 running and with the corresponding edge grid wires 3 ', 4', 5 ', 6' of the wire mesh mats 1, 2 welded Edge wires 10 are provided. The diameter the edge web wires 10 are preferably equal to the diameter of the bridge wires 7, 7 '.

    In Fig. 11 ist ein Bauelement gemäß der Erfindung dargestellt, dessen Isolierkörper 8 an den parallel zu den Querdrähten 5, 6 verlaufenden Seitenflächen 11 nicht mit den beiden Drahtgittermatten 1, 2 abschließt, sondern von diesen seitlich überragt wird. Durch diese Ausführungsform wird beim Verknüpfen zweier gleichartiger Bauelemente erreicht, daß die Isolierkörper benachbarter Bauelemente ohne Zwischenraum angeordnet werden können, während die Drahtgittermatten der beiden Bauelemente einander jeweils überlappen und dadurch einen tragenden Überlappungsstoß bilden.11 shows a component according to the invention, whose insulating body 8 on the parallel to the cross wires 5, 6 extending side surfaces 11 not with the two Wire mesh mats 1, 2 completes, but laterally from these is towered over. Through this embodiment, when linking two similar components achieved that the insulating body Adjacent components can be arranged without space can while the wire mesh mats of the two components overlap each other and thereby a load-bearing Form overlap joint.

    Der Isolierkörper 8 kann auch an seinen beiden Seitenflächen 11 bündig mit der inneren Drahtgittermatte 2 abschließen und nur die beim praktischen Einsatz äußere Drahtgittermatte 1 überragen. The insulating body 8 can also on its two side surfaces 11 finish flush with the inner wire mesh mat 2 and only the outer wire mesh mat 1 in practical use tower over.

    Eine oder beide der Drahtgittermatten können den Isolierkörper 8 auch an allen Seitenflächen desselben seitlich überragen. Bei diesen Ausführungsbeispielen können etwaige Randstegdrähte 10 derart angeordnet werden, daß sie außerhalb des Isolierkörpers verlaufen oder an diesen seitlich anschließen.One or both of the wire mesh mats can be the insulating body 8 also protrude laterally on all side surfaces of the same. In these embodiments, any bridging wires can 10 can be arranged such that they are outside the insulating body run or connect to this on the side.

    Die Längs- und Querdrähte der Drahtgittermatten 1, 2 sowie die Stegdrähte können jeden beliebigen Querschnitt besitzen. Die Querschnitte können oval, rechteckig, vieleckig oder, wie in Fig. 12 dargestellt, quadratisch sein. Die Bezugszeichen der entsprechenden Drähte lauten 3" bzw. 4" für die quadratischen Längsdrähte, 5" bzw. 6" für die quadratischen Querdrähte und 7" für die quadratischen Stegdrähte.The longitudinal and transverse wires of the wire mesh mats 1, 2 and the bridge wires can have any cross section. The cross-sections can be oval, rectangular, polygonal or how shown in Fig. 12, be square. The reference numbers of the corresponding wires are 3 "or 4" for the square Line wires, 5 "or 6" for the square cross wires and 7 " for the square bridge wires.

    Fig. 13 zeigt ein Bauelement, das einen zweiteiligen Isolierkörper 8' aufweist. Hiebei können, falls erforderlich, die Teile des Isolierkörpers an ihren Berührungsflächen miteinander verklebt sein. Die beiden Teile des Isolierkörpers 8' schließen zwecks Materialersparnis Hohlräume 12 ein, die jedoch auch mit anderen Materialien, beispielsweise schütt-, riesel- und fließfähigen Isolierstoffen, wie Holz- und Schaumstoffschnitzeln, Sand, Kunststoff-, Reis- oder Strohabfällen, gefüllt werden können. Der Isolierkörper 8' kann auch aus mehreren, miteinander verbindbaren Teilen bestehen, beispielsweise einen mehrschichtigen Aufbau aufweisen. Es ist weiterhin möglich, einen einteiligen Isolierkörper 8 mit Hohlräumen 12 zu versehen.13 shows a component which has a two-part insulating body 8 '. If necessary, the Parts of the insulating body at their contact surfaces with one another be glued. Close the two parts of the insulating body 8 ' to save material cavities 12, but also with other materials, such as bulk, trickle and flowable insulating materials, such as wood and foam chips, Sand, plastic, rice or straw waste, filled can be. The insulating body 8 'can also consist of several interconnectable parts, for example one have a multilayer structure. It is still possible a one-piece insulating body 8 with cavities 12 Mistake.

    Wie in den Fig. 14 und 15 schematisch dargestellt ist, wird an der zur Bildung der Bauelementaußenseite bestimmten äußeren Drahtgittermatte 1 eine Außenschale 13 beispielsweise aus Beton aufgebracht, die an den Isolierkörper 8 anschließt, die äußere Drahtgittermatte 1 umschließt und zusammen mit dieser den tragenden Bestandteil des erfindungsgemäßen Bauelementes bildet. Die Dicke der Außenschale 13 wird entsprechend den statischen, schall- und wärmetechnischen Anforderungen an das Bauelement gewählt und beträgt beispielsweise 20 bis 200 mm. Wird das Bauelement als Deckenelement verwendet, so muß aus statischen Gründen die Mindestdicke der Außenschale 13 50 mm betragen.As shown schematically in FIGS. 14 and 15, is determined to form the outside of the component outer wire mesh mat 1 an outer shell 13 for example applied from concrete, which connects to the insulating body 8, encloses the outer wire mesh mat 1 and together with this is the main component of the component according to the invention forms. The thickness of the outer shell 13 becomes corresponding the static, sound and thermal requirements the component selected and is for example 20 to 200 mm. If the component is used as a ceiling element, it must for structural reasons, the minimum thickness of the outer shell 13 50 mm.

    Auf der zur Bildung der Bauelementinnenseite bestimmten inneren Drahtgittermatte 2 wird eine Innenschale 14 aufgebracht, die an den Isolierkörper 8 anschließt, die innere Drahtgittermatte 2 umschließt und beispielsweise aus Beton oder Mörtel besteht. Die Dicke der Innenschale 14 wird entsprechend den statischen, schall- und wärmetechnischen Anforderungen an das Bauelement gewählt und beträgt beispielsweise 20 bis 200 mm. Die beiden Schalen 13, 14 werden vorzugsweise am Verwendungsort des Bauelementes aufgebracht, beispielsweise im Naß- oder Trockenverfahren aufgespritzt.On the one intended to form the inside of the component inner wire mesh mat 2, an inner shell 14 is applied, which connects to the insulating body 8, the inner Wire mesh mat 2 encloses and for example made of concrete or Mortar. The thickness of the inner shell 14 becomes corresponding the static, sound and thermal requirements the component selected and is for example 20 to 200 mm. The two shells 13, 14 are preferably at the place of use of the component applied, for example in Sprayed on wet or dry process.

    Da die im Innenbereich des Bauelementes liegenden Teilbereiche der Stegdrähte 7, 7' sowie gegebenenfalls auch der Randstegdrähte 10 nicht mit Beton überdeckt und daher der Korrosion ausgesetzt sind, müssen die Drähte 7, 7' bzw. 10 mit einer Korrosionsschutzschicht versehen werden. Dies wird vorzugsweise durch Verzinken und/oder Beschichten der Drähte 7, 7' bzw. 10 erreicht. Aus Kostengründen hat es sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen, bereits bei der Herstellung des Gitterkörpers zumindest für die Stegdrähte 7, 7' verzinkten Draht zu verwenden. Die Drähte 7, 7' bzw. 10 können auch aus rostfreien Stahlqualitäten oder aus anderen, nicht korrodierenden Werkstoffen, z.B. Aluminiumlegierungen, hergestellt werden, wobei diese mit den Gitterdrähten der Drahtgittermatten 1, 2 verbindbar, vorzugsweise verschweißbar sein müssen. Ebenso wie die Stegdrähte 7, 7' bzw. 10 können auch die Gittermattendrähte der Drahtgittermatten 1, 2 mit einer Korrosionsschutzschicht versehen sein oder aus rostfreien Stahlqualitäten oder aus anderen, nicht korrodierenden Werkstoffen bestehen.Since the partial areas lying in the interior of the component the bridge wires 7, 7 'and, if appropriate, also the edge bridge wires 10 not covered with concrete and therefore corrosion exposed, the wires 7, 7 'and 10 must be coated with an anti-corrosion layer be provided. This will be preferred by galvanizing and / or coating the wires 7, 7 'or 10 reached. For cost reasons, it has proven to be advantageous at least during the manufacture of the lattice body to use galvanized wire for the bridge wires 7, 7 '. The Wires 7, 7 'and 10 can also be made of stainless steel or from other, non-corrosive materials, e.g. Aluminum alloys, be produced, these with the grid wires the wire mesh mats 1, 2 connectable, preferably must be weldable. As well like the bridge wires 7, 7 'and 10, the grid wire can also the wire mesh mats 1, 2 with a corrosion protection layer be provided or of stainless steel qualities or of other, non-corrosive materials.

    Aus statischen Gründen und/oder zur Erhöhung der Schalldämmung kann es erforderlich sein, das Bauelement an zumindest einer Bauelementseite mit einer sehr dicken Betonschale mit einer zweilagigen Bewehrung zu versehen. In Fig. 16a ist ein Ausschnitt eines Bauelementes mit einer sehr dicken Außenschale 13' aus Beton dargestellt, wobei die Außenschale 13' mit einer äußeren, zusätzlichen Bewehrungsmatte 15 bewehrt ist, deren Abstand zur äußeren Drahtgittermatte 1 entsprechend den statischen Anforderungen an das Bauelement frei wählbar ist. Die äußere Zusatzbewehrungsmatte 15 verhindert durch Temperaturund Schwundspannungen bedingte Rißbildungen in der Außenschale 13'. For static reasons and / or to increase sound insulation it may be necessary to at least connect the component a component side with a very thick concrete shell with a to provide two-layer reinforcement. 16a is a detail of a component with a very thick outer shell 13 'shown in concrete, the outer shell 13' with a outer, additional reinforcement mat 15 is reinforced, the distance to the outer wire mesh mat 1 according to the static Requirements for the component is freely selectable. The outer additional reinforcement mat 15 prevented by temperature and Shrinkage caused by cracks in the outer shell 13 '.

    Das Bauelement kann aus statischen Gründen und/oder zur Erhöhung der Schalldämmung auch mit einer sehr dicken Innenschale 14' versehen werden, wobei diese entweder nur mit einer inneren Drahtgittermatte 2 oder, wie Fig. 16b zeigt, mit einer inneren Drahtgittermatte 2 und einer inneren, zusätzlichen Bewehrungsmatte 15' bewehrt ist. Der Abstand der inneren Zusatzbewehrungsmatte 15' zur inneren Drahtgittermatte 2 ist entsprechend den statischen Anforderungen an das Bauelement frei wählbar. Die Durchmesser der Gitterdrähte der inneren Zusatzbewehrungsmatte 15' sind vorzugsweise größer als die Durchmesser der Gitterdrähte der beiden Drahtgittermatten 1, 2 und liegen beispielsweise im Bereich von 6 bis 6 mm. Wird die dicke Innenschale 14' nur mit der inneren Drahtgittermatte 2 bewehrt, sind die Durchmesser der Gitterdrähte 4, 4', 6, 6' der inneren Drahtgittermatte 2 und der Stegdrähte 7, 7' vorzugsweise größer als die Durchmesser der Gitterdrähte 3, 3', 5, 5' der äußeren Drahtgittermatte 1 und liegen beispielsweise im Bereich von 5 bis 6 mm.The component can for static reasons and / or Increase the sound insulation even with a very thick inner shell 14 'are provided, these either with only one inner wire mesh mat 2 or, as Fig. 16b shows, with a inner wire mesh mat 2 and an inner, additional reinforcement mat 15 'is reinforced. The distance of the inner additional reinforcement mat 15 'to the inner wire mesh mat 2 is corresponding the structural requirements for the component can be freely selected. The diameter of the wire mesh of the inner additional reinforcement mat 15 'are preferably larger than the diameter of the Lattice wires of the two wire mesh mats 1, 2 and are, for example in the range of 6 to 6 mm. Will the thick inner shell 14 'are only reinforced with the inner wire mesh mat 2 the diameter of the grid wires 4, 4 ', 6, 6' of the inner Wire mesh mat 2 and the web wires 7, 7 'are preferably larger than the diameter of the grid wires 3, 3 ', 5, 5' of the outer Wire mesh mat 1 and are, for example, in the range of 5 up to 6 mm.

    Die innere Drahtgittermatte 2 und die innere Zusatzbewehrungsmatte 15' können durch mehrere Distanzdrähte 24 verbunden sein, die vorzugsweise senkrecht zu der inneren Drahtgittermatte 2 und inneren Zusatzbewehrungsmatte 15' verlaufen und deren gegenseitiger, seitlicher Abstand frei wählbar ist. Der Durchmesser der Distanzdrähte 24 ist vorzugsweise gleich den Durchmessern der Gitterdrähte der Drahtgittermatten 1, 2.The inner wire mesh mat 2 and the inner additional reinforcement mat 15 'can be connected by a plurality of spacer wires 24 be preferably perpendicular to the inner wire mesh mat 2 and inner additional reinforcement mat 15 'and their mutual, lateral distance is freely selectable. The diameter the spacer wires 24 are preferably equal to the diameters the grid wires of the wire mesh mats 1, 2.

    Auch die äußere Zusatzbewehrungsmatte 15 und die äußere Drahtgittermatte 1 können mit Distanzdrähten verbunden sein, die vorzugsweise senkrecht zur äußeren Drahtgittermatte 1 und äußeren Zusatzbewehrungsmatte 15 verlaufen. Diese Distanzdrähte sind mit wählbaren seitlichen Abständen zueinander angeordnet und weisen Durchmesser auf, die vorzugsweise gleich den Durchmessern der Gitterdrähte der beiden Drahtgittermatten 1, 2 sind.Also the outer additional reinforcement mat 15 and the outer wire mesh mat 1 can with spacer wires be connected, preferably perpendicular to the outer Wire mesh mat 1 and outer additional reinforcement mat 15 run. These spacer wires are available with selectable lateral distances arranged to each other and have diameters, preferably equal to the diameter of the grid wires of the two Wire mesh mats 1, 2 are.

    Die dicken, mit zweilagiger Bewehrung versehenen Betonschalen 13' und 14' können am Verwendungsort des Bauelementes auch aus Ortbeton gegossen werden, wobei die äußere Begrenzung der Betonschalen 13', 14' durch eine nicht dargestellte Verschalung gebildet wird. The thick, with two-layer reinforcement Concrete shells 13 'and 14' can be used at the place of use Component can also be cast from in-situ concrete, the external limitation of the concrete shells 13 ', 14' by not Formwork shown is formed.

    Wie Fig. 17 zeigt, kann an der Innenseite des Bauelementes anstelle der inneren Betonschale eine Auskleidungsplatte 16 angeordnet werden, die auf der inneren Drahtgittermatte 2 aufliegt und an einer Montagehilfsvorrichtung 17 befestigt ist. Die Auskleidungsplatte 16 bildet die nicht tragende Innenwand des Bauelementes und kann, da sie keine statischen Aufgaben erfüllen muß, aus Leichtbaumaterial, wie aus einer Sperrholzplatte, einer Gipskartonplatte u.dgl. bestehen und entsprechend den Ausstattungswünschen an den Innenraum dekorativ gestaltet werden. Die Montagehilfsvorrichtung 17 ist zwischen dem Isolierkörper 8 und der inneren Drahtgittermatte 2 angeordnet und besteht beispielsweise aus mehreren Leisten, die zwischen den Stegdrähten in vertikaler Richtung verlaufen, soferne das Bauelement als Wandbauelement verwendet wird. Die Montagehilfsvorrichtung 17 kann, falls erforderlich, an den Drähten 4 bzw. 6 der inneren Drahtgittermatte 2, beispielsweise mittels nicht dargestellter Heftklammern, oder am Isolierkörper 8, beispielsweise mittels einer Klebeschicht, befestigt sein. Die Montagehilfsvorrichtung 17 muß aus geeignetem Material, beispielsweise aus Holz bestehen, das eine sichere Verankerung der Auskleidungsplatte 16 an der dazwischenliegenden, inneren Drahtgittermatte 2 gewährleistet. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung wird die Auskleidungsplatte 16 nicht am Isolierkörper 8 befestigt, der naturgemäß auf Grund seiner Materialbeschaffenheit keine sichere Anbringung gestattet, sondern an der inneren Drahtgittermatte 2 stabil verankert bzw. gegen diese festgeklemmt.17 shows, on the inside of the component instead of the inner concrete shell, a lining plate 16 is arranged , which rests on the inner wire mesh mat 2 and is attached to an assembly aid 17. The lining plate 16 forms the non-load-bearing inner wall of the component and can, since they do not perform any static tasks must, made of lightweight material, such as a plywood board, a plasterboard and the like. exist and according to the Equipment requests for the interior can be designed decoratively. The assembly aid 17 is between the insulating body 8 and the inner wire mesh mat 2 and exists for example, from several strips between the Bridge wires run vertically, as far as the component is used as a wall component. The assembly aid 17 can, if necessary, on the wires 4 and 6 the inner wire mesh mat 2, for example by means of not illustrated staples, or on the insulating body 8, for example by means of an adhesive layer. The assembly aid 17 must be made of suitable material, for example are made of wood, which securely anchors the lining panel 16 on the inner wire mesh mat in between 2 guaranteed. Through the configuration according to the invention the lining plate 16 is not attached to the insulating body 8, naturally due to its material properties no secure attachment allowed, but on the inside Wire mesh mat 2 firmly anchored or clamped against it.

    Um beim Aufspritzen der Außenschale 13 und der Innenschale 14 aus Beton die Haftung auf den beiden, den Drahtgittermatten 1, 2 zugekehrten Deckflächen 18 des Isolierkörpers 8, 8' zu verbessern und ein unerwünschtes Herabfließen des Materials bei der Verarbeitung zu verhindern, können die Deckflächen 18 des Isolierkörpers 8, 8' aufgerauht werden. Wie in Fig. 18 dargestellt ist, können die Deckflächen mit Vertiefungen 19 versehen werden, die beispielsweise mit Hilfe von Zahnrädern oder Walzen, die auf ihren Umfang Stacheln oder Noppen tragen, während der Herstellung des Bauelementes in die Deckenflächen 18 des Isolierkörpers geformt werden. To when spraying the outer shell 13 and the inner shell 14 made of concrete the adhesion on the two, the wire mesh mats 1, 2 facing cover surfaces 18 of the insulating body 8, 8 ' improve and an undesirable flow of the material to prevent processing, the top surfaces 18 of the Insulating body 8, 8 'are roughened. As shown in Fig. 18 is, the top surfaces can be provided with depressions 19 with the help of gears or rollers, who wear spikes or pimples on their circumference while the manufacture of the component in the ceiling surfaces 18 of the Insulator are molded.

    Es ist gemäß Fig. 19 möglich, den Isolierkörper 8, 8' an seinen Deckflächen 18 mit Querrillen 20 zu versehen, die bei Verwendung des Bauelementes als Wandelement in horizontaler Richtung verlaufen. Die Vertiefungen 19 und die Querrillen 20 können auch bereits bei der Herstellung des Isolierkörpers erzeugt werden.It is possible according to FIG Insulating body 8, 8 'on its top surfaces 18 with transverse grooves 20 to be provided when using the component as a wall element run in the horizontal direction. The recesses 19 and the transverse grooves 20 can already are produced in the manufacture of the insulating body.

    Zur Verbesserung der Haftung der äußeren Betonschale 13 auf dem Isolierkörper 8, 8' kann, wie in Fig. 20 dargestellt, ein Putzträgergitter 21 Verwendung finden, das auf der Deckfläche 18 des Isolierkörpers 8, 8' aufliegt und durch die Stegdrähte 7 oder den Isolierkörper 8, 8' fixiert wird. Das Putzträgergitter 21 besteht beispielsweise aus einem feinmaschigen geschweißten oder gewebten Drahtgitter mit einer Maschenweite von beispielsweise 10 bis 25 mm und Drahtdurchmessern im Bereich von 0,8 bis 1 mm. Das Putzträgergitter 21 kann auch aus Streckmetall bestehen. Zwischen dem Putzträgergitter 21 und der Deckfläche 18 des Isolierkörpers 8, 8' kann eine zusätzliche Trennschicht 22 aus beispielsweise imprägnierten Baupapier oder Karton angeordnet werden, die gleichzeitig als Dampfsperre dient und vorzugsweise mit dem Putzträgergitter 21 verbunden ist.To improve the adhesion of the outer concrete shell 13 on the insulating body 8, 8 ', as shown in FIG. 20, a plaster support grid 21 are used on the top surface 18 of the insulating body 8, 8 'rests and through the web wires 7 or the insulating body 8, 8 'is fixed. The plaster support grid 21 consists for example of a fine mesh welded or woven wire mesh with a mesh size of for example 10 to 25 mm and wire diameters in the range from 0.8 to 1 mm. The plaster support grid 21 can also consist of expanded metal. Between the Plaster support grid 21 and the top surface 18 of the insulating body 8, 8 'can be an additional separating layer 22 made of, for example, impregnated Construction paper or cardboard can be arranged that also serves as a vapor barrier and preferably with the Plaster support grid 21 is connected.

    In Fig. 21 ist ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines Bauelementes nach der Erfindung dargestellt, wobei im Bauelement zwei Trennschichten 22 mit wählbarem Abstand zur jeweils benachbarten Drahtgittermatte 1 bzw. 2 und derart mit einem wählbaren Abstand zueinander angeordnet sind, daß zwischen den Trennschichten 22 ein Zwischenraum 23 gebildet wird. Die Trennschichten 22 können beispielsweise aus Karton, Pappe, Kunststoffplatten, dünnen Gipskartonplatten oder Betonplatten mit oder ohne Bewehrung bestehen. Die Trennschichten 22 werden entweder von den Stegdrähten 7 oder mit Hilfe von Abstandhaltern in ihre Lage relativ zu den Drahtgittermatten 1, 2 festgelegt. Der Zwischenraum 23 zwischen den Trennschichten 22 wird entweder bei der Herstellung des Bauelementes oder erst am Verwendungsort des Bauelementes mit geeignetem Isoliermaterial gefüllt, wodurch eine zentrale Isolierschicht 8" im Bauelement entsteht. Da die Trennschichten 22 die Begrenzungsflächen der zentralen Isolierschicht 8" genau festlegen, ist es möglich, zum Aufbau der Isolierschicht Materialien zu verwenden, die nicht formstabil oder selbsttragend sein müssen. Die Materialien sollten jedoch schütt-, riesel- oder fließfähig sein und können beispielsweise aus in situ schäumbaren Kunststoffen, Kunststoff-, Gummi- oder Holzabfällen, Schaumstoffschnitzeln, Sand, Schlacke, Blähbeton, Reis- oder Strohabfällen oder Ziegelsplitt bestehen. Auf den den Drahtgittermatten 1 bzw. 2 zugekehrten Flächen der Trennschichten 22 kann außerdem jeweils ein Putzträgergitter 21 angeordnet werden.21 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a component shown according to the invention, being in the component two separating layers 22 with a selectable distance to the adjacent one Wire mesh mat 1 or 2 and such with a selectable Are spaced from each other that between the Separating layers 22 an intermediate space 23 is formed. The interface layers 22 can for example be made of cardboard, cardboard, plastic plates, with thin plasterboard or concrete slabs or exist without reinforcement. The separation layers 22 are either from the bridge wires 7 or with the help of spacers fixed in their position relative to the wire mesh mats 1, 2. The space 23 between the separation layers 22 is either during the manufacture of the component or only at the place of use the component filled with suitable insulating material, whereby a central insulating layer 8 "in the component arises. Since the separating layers 22 are the boundary surfaces of the central insulation layer 8 "precisely, it is possible to use materials to build up the insulating layer do not have to be dimensionally stable or self-supporting. The materials should however be pourable, pourable or flowable and can be made, for example, of plastics that are foamable in situ, Plastic, rubber or wood waste, foam chips, Sand, slag, expanded concrete, rice or straw waste or brick chippings consist. On the wire mesh mats 1 and 2 facing Surfaces of the separating layers 22 can also each a plaster support grid 21 can be arranged.

    Es versteht sich, daß die geschilderten Ausführungsbeispiele im Rahmen der Ansprüche verschiedentlich abgewandelt werden können; insbesondere ist es möglich, die Außenschale 13 und/oder die Innenschale 14 bzw. die Auskleidungsplatte 16 bereits im Herstellerwerk am Bauelement anzubringen. Der Isolierkörper 8, 8' und die zentrale Isolierschicht 8" sowie die Trennschichten 22 können aus schwer oder nicht entflammbaren Materialien bestehen oder mit Stoffen imprägniert oder versehen werden, die den Isolierkörper 8, 8', die zentrale Isolierschicht 8" und die Trennschichten 22 schwer oder nicht entflammbar machen. Der Isolierkörper 8, 8' und die Trennschichten 22 können außerdem mit einem schwer- oder nicht entflammbaren Anstrich versehen werden.It is understood that the described embodiments variously within the scope of the claims can be modified; in particular it is possible the outer shell 13 and / or the inner shell 14 or the Lining plate 16 already in the manufacturing plant on the component to attach. The insulating body 8, 8 'and the central insulating layer 8 "and the separating layers 22 can be made of heavy or non-flammable materials or impregnated with substances or be provided, the insulating body 8, 8 ', the central insulating layer 8 "and the separating layers 22 heavy or make it non-flammable. The insulating body 8, 8 'and the Separating layers 22 may also have a heavy or not flammable paint.

    Es ist weiterhin möglich, daß der Isolierkörper 8, 8' oder die zentrale Isolierschicht 8" an zumindest einer Seitenfläche 11 des Isolierkörpers 8, 8' oder der zentralen Isolierschicht 8" zumindest eine Drahtgittermatte 1, 2 seitlich überragt.It is also possible that the Insulating body 8, 8 'or the central insulating layer 8 "at least a side surface 11 of the insulating body 8, 8 'or central insulating layer 8 "at least one wire mesh mat 1, 2 protrudes from the side.

    Claims (11)

    1. Building component comprising two parallel welded wire grid mats (1, 2) with square or rectangular meshes, further comprising straight individual web wires (7, 7') holding the wire grid mats at a predetermined mutual spacing, extending obliquely to the wire grid mats and welded thereto at each end, said individual web wires being disposed between the wires of the wire grid mats (1, 2) formed as reinforcement matting in parallel rows, and having a diameter greater in comparison to the grid mat wires (3, 3', 3'', 4, 4', 4'', 5, 5', 5'', 6, 6', 6''), so that they form shear reinforcement members, the spacings between the web wires (7, 7') in the direction of the longitudinal wires of the grid mat and the transverse wires of the grid mat coming to a multiple of the division of the grid mat meshes, and further comprising a one-piece dimensionally stable insulating body (8,8') disposed between the wire grid mats (1, 2) at predetermined spacings therefrom, and in particular made of foam plastic, which is held between the wire grid mats (1, 2) only by the web wires (7, 7') which pass through said insulating body, and extend obliquely in lattice fashion in each row of web wires in alternate contrary directions, at least one cover surface of the insulating body (8, 8') being provided with a plaster carrying grid (21), for an outer shell consisting of load-bearing material, and a separating layer (22) covering the entire cover surface being provided between the plaster-carrying grid (21) and the cover surface (18) of the insulating body (8, 8'), said separating layer serving preferably as a vapour barrier and being connected to the plaster-carrying grid (21).
    2. Building component according to claim 1, characterised in that the separating layer (22) is made of paperboard, cardboard, a plastics panel, a gypsum plaster board, or thin concrete panel with or without reinforcement.
    3. Building component according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the insulating body (8, 8') is made of materials which are non-flammable or at least highly flame-retardant.
    4. Building component according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the insulating body (8, 8') is rendered non-flammable or at least highly flame-retardant by impregnation and/or additive materials.
    5. Building component according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the thickness of the insulating body (8, 8') lies in the range between 20 and 200 mm, and in that, in at least one cover surface (18) of the insulating body (8, 8'), there are formed a plurality of transverse grooves (20) extending horizontally in the built-in condition of the building component.
    6. Building component according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterised in that the insulating body (8, 8') is disposed centrally to the two wire grid mats (1, 2) the spacing from each wire grid mat (1, 2) preferably coming to 10 to 30 mm.
    7. Building component according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that at least one wire grid mat (1, 2) projects laterally over the insulating body (8, 8') on at least one side surface (11) of the same, as is known.
    8. Building component according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the insulating body (8, 8') projects on at least one side surface (11) of the same over at least one wire grid mat (1, 2).
    9. Building component according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that there is applied to the outer wire grid mat (1), intended to form the outer side of the building component, a two-layer outer shell (13') of concrete, which connects to the insulating body (8, 8'), surrounds the outer wire grid mat (1) and, together with it, forms the load-bearing part of the building component, the two-layer outer shell (13') being provided with an additional reinforcing mat (15).
    10. Building component according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that there is applied to the inner wire grid mat (2), intended to form the inner side of the building component, an inner shell (14, 14') which connects with the insulating body (8, 8'), surrounds the inner wire grid mat (2) and together with it forms the load-bearing part of the building component, the inner shell (14') being provided with an inner additional reinforcing mat (15').
    11. Building component according to claim 10, characterised in that the inner additional reinforcing mat (15') is connected respectively with the inner wire grid mat (2) and/or the outer additional reinforcing mat (15) to the outer wire grid mat (1) by a plurality of spacer wires (24), the spacer wires (24) being disposed at a selectable mutual spacing apart and preferably extending vertically to the wire grid mats (1, 2) and the additional reinforcing mats (15, 15'), their diameters preferably being equal to the diameters of the grid mat wires (3, 3', 4, 4', 5, 5', 6, 6').
    EP93917427A 1993-06-02 1993-07-22 Building component Expired - Lifetime EP0701647B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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    AT1072/93 1993-06-02
    AT0107293A AT406064B (en) 1993-06-02 1993-06-02 COMPONENT
    PCT/AT1993/000123 WO1994028264A1 (en) 1993-06-02 1993-07-22 Building component

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    EP0701647A1 EP0701647A1 (en) 1996-03-20
    EP0701647B1 true EP0701647B1 (en) 1998-06-03

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    US (3) US6272805B1 (en)
    EP (1) EP0701647B1 (en)
    JP (1) JPH09504844A (en)
    KR (1) KR100252612B1 (en)
    CN (1) CN1069727C (en)
    AT (2) AT406064B (en)
    AU (1) AU4689593A (en)
    DE (1) DE59308654D1 (en)
    DZ (1) DZ1737A1 (en)
    GR (1) GR960300025T1 (en)
    JO (1) JO1788B1 (en)
    MY (1) MY111596A (en)
    PL (2) PL314849A1 (en)
    SA (1) SA94140688B1 (en)
    WO (1) WO1994028264A1 (en)
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