EP2236686A1 - Reinforcing element for absorbing forces in concrete slabs in the area of supporting elements - Google Patents

Abstract

The element (9) has a stable, flexible longitudinal element (10) including an end region (12) guiding via a bendable reinforcement layer (2). A region (13) attached to the end region runs against another bendable reinforcing layer (4) at an acute angle (alpha). Another region (14) attached to the former region is guiding via the latter reinforcing layer, and runs in a region of a support element (3) along a surface, which faces the support element, of the latter reinforcing layer. Another end region (15) is guided against the former reinforcement layer via the latter reinforcing layer.

Description

The present invention relates to a reinforcement element for receiving forces of concrete slabs in the region of support elements, in particular columns and support walls, which plate with a first bending reinforcement layer adjacent to the support element and a second bending reinforcement layer facing away from the support element, each formed by substantially and transverse reinforcing bars, between which bending reinforcement layers a number of reinforcing elements are inserted.

In the case of concrete slabs or foundation slabs which are supported by supports or on which supports are placed, appropriate precautions must be taken in order to be able to introduce the support forces optimally into the concrete slabs or foundation slabs. In this case, in particular the shear or punching forces must be absorbed, which are exposed to the concrete slabs or foundation plates.

To accommodate and initiate these forces in the concrete slabs in the support elements different solutions have been made. One of these proposed solutions, for example, is that reinforcing baskets were used as reinforcing elements in the area of the columns in the concrete slabs, which are formed of a plurality of juxtaposed U-shaped reinforcing steel straps which are interconnected by cross bars. These reinforcing cages were then inserted into and connected to the upper and lower bending reinforcement layers of the concrete slab.

This reinforcement baskets require a relatively large amount of space, storage and transport to the site is thus complex, also is limited with such reinforcing baskets the burden on the corresponding concrete slabs.

Also known are so-called steel mushrooms, which are used in the areas to be supported the concrete slabs. These steel mushrooms meet the requirements regarding the loads very well, but their disadvantage is that they are very expensive.

Furthermore, reinforcing elements are known, which are formed from reinforcing bars and are equipped with a base bar mounted thereon and connected to the base bar bracket. These reinforcing elements can be individually inserted in the required number in the region to be supported of the plate to be concreted between the upper and lower bending reinforcement layer and connected to these. With these reinforcing elements a good introduction of the forces is achieved in the concrete slab, their handling is still relatively complex, since these reinforcing elements must be prefabricated.

The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a reinforcing element for the absorption of forces in concrete slabs in the range of support elements, which can be easily and inexpensively manufactured in addition to the inclusion of large loads and its handling can be done very flexibly.

According to the invention, this object is achieved in that each reinforcing element is formed from a longitudinally stable, flexible longitudinal element whose first end region is guided through the first bending reinforcing layer whose first region adjoining the first end region runs at an acute angle α against the second bending reinforcing layer, whose second region adjoining the first region is guided through the second bending reinforcement layer and extends in the region of the support element along the surface of the second bending reinforcement layer facing away from the support element and whose second end region is guided against the first bending reinforcement layer by the second bending reinforcement layer.

The longitudinally stable flexible longitudinal element, by which the reinforcing elements are formed, may, for example, in the form of a roller be led to the construction site, from this role, the reinforcing elements can be unwound and cut to the desired length, this longitudinally stable flexible longitudinal element can then be easily installed between and through the first and second bending reinforcement layer in the required number, which reinforced and concreted Plate can be supported in an optimal way.

Advantageously, the longitudinally stable flexible longitudinal element in the form of a strip whose width is a multiple of the thickness, and which can be brought to the desired length. This longitudinal element can be optimally inserted into the bending reinforcement layers. Of course, this band can be formed from a plurality of individual strands, which can be arranged side by side and / or one above the other. This band can also be formed from a single strand, which is multi-layered, forming at the end regions loops, superimposed.

Advantageously, a plurality of reinforcing elements longitudinal and transversely, substantially parallel to the respective longitudinal and transverse reinforcing bars of the first bending and second Biegebewehrungslage used in the concrete slab, the number of reinforcing elements depends on the male loads and set accordingly can be.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention is that the reinforcing elements are used in multiple layers in the concrete slab. As a result, the use of the reinforcing elements can be adapted very flexibly to the forces to be absorbed.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention consists in that the first and the second end regions and / or the first regions of the reinforcing elements used in multiple layers in the concrete slab are arranged towards or away from each other, whereby an optimal load distribution, depending on the type of application achieved can be.

Advantageously, the angle α is in the range of 20 ° to 50 °, which allows optimum transmission of the forces to be absorbed.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention is that the longitudinally stable flexible longitudinal member is formed of carbon fiber reinforced plastic, whereby the desired physical properties are achieved in an optimal manner.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention consists in that, in the case of center support elements for the concrete slab to be supported, the second end region is guided into the first bending reinforcement layer corresponding to the first end region. The symmetrical arrangement achieves optimum introduction of the forces into the concrete slab.

The end regions of the reinforcing elements are each guided at least around a transverse reinforcing bar of the first bending reinforcing layer, while the second region is guided over correspondingly transverse reinforcing bars of the second bending reinforcing layer. This also results in an optimal introduction of the forces on the reinforcing elements on the bending reinforcement layers.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention is that in edge supports for the plate to be supported, the second end portion is guided against the support member to the first bending reinforcement layer. The longitudinal stable flexible longitudinal element forming the reinforcement element is optimally suitable for any use.

The improvement of the anchoring of the end portions of the reinforcing elements in the concrete slabs can be achieved in different ways, the end portions can be looped across a plurality of transverse reinforcing bars of the first bending reinforcing layer, but the end portions of the reinforcing elements can also be equipped with anchoring means serving as anchoring elements, adapted to the respective types of use.

Advantageously, the saddle elements are attached to the transverse reinforcing bars, around which the reinforcing elements are deflected, whereby the reinforcing elements are protected in these areas.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention is that the reinforcing elements can be inserted into existing plates in the region of support elements, for which holes in the plate to be reinforced are attachable, through which the respective reinforcing element is inserted, and that the holes are pourable and the end with Anchoring elements are held. As a result, existing buildings with the same reinforcing elements can be optimally reinforced.

Again, in the area of deflections of the reinforcing element in the holes saddle elements can be used, on which the reinforcing elements are supported, whereby here are the reinforcing elements are protected from damage.

Embodiments and types of use of the inventive reinforcing elements are explained in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.

It shows

• Fig. 1 a view of a schematically illustrated inventive reinforcing element used in a concrete plate in the region of a support member;
• Fig. 2 a plan view of the inventive reinforcing element according to Fig. 1 ;
• Fig. 3 a spatial representation of the inventive reinforcing element according to the Fig. 1 and 2 ;
• Fig. 4 a view of several inventive reinforcing elements, which are inserted into the schematically illustrated concrete plate in the region of a support member;
• Fig. 5 a plan view of the arrangement of erfindungsmässen reinforcing elements according to Fig. 4 ;
• Fig. 6 a spatial representation of the arrangement of the inventive reinforcing elements in the concrete plate according to the Fig. 4 and 5 ;
• Fig. 7 a view of a first end portion of a reinforcing element according to the invention, which is looped around the reinforcing bars;
• Fig. 8 a view of the first end portion of a reinforcing element according to the invention, which is equipped with adhesive layers;
• Fig. 9 a view of the first end portion of a reinforcing element according to the invention, equipped with an anchoring part;
• Fig. 10 a view of the first end portion of a reinforcing element according to the invention, which is anchored on the outside of the concrete slab;
• Fig. 11 a view of inventive reinforcing elements, which have been subsequently used in an already existing component;
• Fig. 12 a view of erfindungsmäße reinforcing elements, which are multi-layered arranged one above the other;
• Fig. 13 a view of a first end portion of a reinforcing element according to the invention in the region of a laterally supported concrete plate;
• Fig. 14 a plan view of the arrangement of inventive reinforcing elements in a concrete plate in the region of an edge support; and
• Fig. 15 a view of inventive reinforcing elements, arranged in the region of a corner support for a concrete slab.

Fig. 1 shows a concrete slab 1, which serves as a ceiling of a building, for example. This concreted plate comprises in a known manner a first bending reinforcement layer 2, which is adjacent to the concrete plate 1 supporting the supporting elements 3, and a second bending reinforcement layer 4, which is inserted on the side facing away from the support elements 3 in the concrete slab 1. The first bending reinforcement layer 2 is formed in a known manner by longitudinal reinforcing bars 5 and transverse reinforcing bars 6, the second bending reinforcing layer 4 also consists in a known manner of longitudinal reinforcing bars 7 and transverse reinforcing bars 8. In the area of the support element 3 shown here, a reinforcing element 9 according to the invention is used. This reinforcing element 9 is formed from a longitudinally stable, flexible longitudinal element 10, which has a high tensile strength and tensile rigidity, but which is flexible transverse to the longitudinal direction. This longitudinally stable flexible longitudinal element 10 is formed in the illustrated embodiment as a band 11, whose width is a multiple of the thickness. This band consists for example of a carbon fiber reinforced plastic. Of course, other suitable materials are conceivable, which in particular have a high tensile strength and tensile rigidity. Of course, other shapes can be used than those of a band, conceivable would be bundles of thinner longitudinally stable flexible elements having the desired properties.

The reinforcement element 9 has a first end region 12, which is guided through the first bending reinforcement layer 2. Here, the first end region 12 wraps around a transverse reinforcing bar 6 of the first bending reinforcing layer 2, the first region 13 leading thereto leads away from this transverse reinforcing bar 6 at an angle α which is in the range of 20 ° to 50 ° and reaches the second bending reinforcing layer 4 In this case, the first area 13 wraps around a transverse reinforcing bar 8 of the second bending reinforcing layer and opens into the second area 14. This second area 14 extends substantially across the width of the supporting element 3 above the second bending reinforcing layer 4, is thereafter looped around another transverse reinforcing bar 8 and opens into a second end region 15, which is guided against the first bending reinforcement layer 2. In the example shown here, the reinforcing element 9 is guided symmetrically with respect to the support member 3 through the concrete slab 1, such an application is then made when the support member 3 has to support a both sides of this supporting element 3 projecting concrete slab 1. Such a reinforcing element 9 can be used very easily before concreting the plate in the first bending reinforcement layer 2 and the second bending reinforcement layer 4, such a belt 11 can be brought, for example in the form of a wound roll on the site, a piece of this tape is from the role unrolled and cut to the desired length, the reinforcing element inserted into the first bending reinforcement layer 2 and the second bending reinforcement layer 4 can be fixed, the ends of the end regions 12 and 15 can additionally be provided with anchoring means 16, as will be described in detail later. In order to avoid injuries of the band in the area of the wrap of the reinforcing bars, can be attached to these reinforcing bars in a known manner Sattelemente 17, which are formed for example of plastic.

After inserting these reinforcing elements 9, the concrete can be introduced. In the hardened state of the concrete 9, the supporting forces are absorbed by these reinforcing elements in an optimal manner, in particular, these forces are optimally distributed over a large area on the first bending reinforcement layer, these reinforcing elements are practically claimed exclusively on train.

Fig. 2 shows a view of the dash-dotted concrete plate 1, the support member 3, through which the concrete slab 1 is supported, inserted into the concrete slab first and second bending reinforcement layer 2 and 4, of which for clarity, only the transverse reinforcing bars 6 and 8 are shown while for clarity, the longitudinal reinforcing bars are omitted. As has been previously described, the reinforcing element 9 is inserted into the first bending reinforcement layer 2 and the second bending reinforcement layer 4, wherein this is protected and guided on the reinforcing rods patch saddle 17.

Fig. 3 shows a spatial representation of this embodiment.

From the 4 to 6 the arrangement of a plurality of reinforcing elements 9 is shown in a concrete plate 1 in the region of a support element 3, through which the concrete slab is supported. The concrete slab is provided with the first bending reinforcing layer 2 and the second bending reinforcing layer 4 as described above. The first bending reinforcement layer 2 is formed of longitudinal reinforcing bars 5 and transverse reinforcing bars 6, the second bending reinforcing layer 4 consists of longitudinal reinforcing bars 7 and transverse reinforcing bars 8. In the embodiment shown here are four reinforcing elements 9 on the transverse reinforcing bars 6 and 8 of the first bending reinforcing layer 2 and Four reinforcing elements 9 are laid over the longitudinal reinforcing bars 5 of the first bending reinforcing layer 2 and over the longitudinal reinforcing bars 7 of the second bending reinforcing layer 4 and thus parallel to the transverse reinforcing bars 6 or 8. On the reinforcing bars 5 to 8 are in turn saddle elements 17 are placed over which the reinforcing elements 9 are deflected to the reinforcing bars 5 to 8.

Depending on the dimensions of the support 3 and the configuration of the first bending reinforcement layer 2 and the second bending reinforcement layer 4, more or fewer reinforcement elements 9 can be used, depending on loads to be absorbed.

Fig. 7 shows an embodiment of how the first end portion 12 of a reinforcing element 9 in the first bending reinforcement layer 2 can be anchored. This first end region 12 can be interlaced around a number of transverse reinforcing bars 6 of the first bending reinforcing layer 2, as shown in FIG Fig. 7 is apparent. In the finished concrete state, the first end region 12 of the reinforcement element 9 is thus held in the first bending reinforcement layer 2.

Fig. 8 shows a first end portion 12 of a reinforcing element 9, which is equipped on both sides in a known manner with an adhesive layer 18, which serves as anchoring means 16.

Fig. 9 shows the first end portion 12 of a reinforcing element 9, on which are provided as anchoring means 16 on both sides mounted plates 19 which are held by means of screw 20 at the first end portion 12 of the reinforcing element 9.

How out Fig. 10 it can be seen, it is also conceivable to anchor the reinforcing element 9 outside the concrete slab 1 in a known manner.

How out Fig. 11 it can be seen, 9 inventive reinforcing elements can also be used in existing structures. In the plate 21 to be reinforced holes 22 can be attached, which extend at an acute angle α (in the range of 20 ° to 50 °) against the side facing away from the support 23 of the plate and there approximately in the region of the support 23 from the plate 21st escape. In these holes 22 then the Reinforcing element 9 are inserted, on the support 23 facing surface of the plate 21, this reinforcing element 9 can be anchored in a known manner by anchoring means 24. Of course, it is conceivable that this reinforcing element 9 is biased in a known manner.

On the left side of the Fig. 11 an embodiment is shown in which the reinforcing element 9 on the side facing away from the support 23 of the plate 21 in a recess 27, for. B. a milled slot is inserted, while on the right side of the Fig. 11 an embodiment is shown in which on the support 23 remote from the surface of the plate 21, the reinforcing element rests on this surface.

After inserting and possibly biasing the reinforcing element 9 in the holes 22 and optionally the recess 27 of the plate 21 holes 22 and optionally recess 27 may be poured in a known manner.

This configuration provides optimal reinforcement of an existing structure. Depending on the loads to be absorbed, a plurality of reinforcing elements 9 can also be used in the area of the support 23 in the plate 21; it is also conceivable to attach these reinforcing elements 9 crosswise, according to the illustrations according to FIG 4 to 6 ,

In Fig. 12 an embodiment is shown, in which two reinforcing elements 9 superposed placed in the concrete slab 1 are used. These two superposed reinforcing elements 9 can be used in parallel, as shown on the right side of Fig. 12 is shown, but they can also be used running away from each other in particular in the first region 13 of the reinforcing elements 9, as shown on the left side of the Fig. 12 is shown. Also, the first end portions 12 need not be aligned in parallel, they can also be arranged running away from each other.

Of course, a larger number of reinforcing elements 9 are stacked on top of each other, depending on the forces to be absorbed. It can also be run several layers of reinforcing elements arranged in multiple layers, the choices are virtually arbitrary.

In the embodiments described above, reinforcing elements 9 have been described as used in the region of support elements 3 which are arranged in a central region of a concrete slab to be supported. How out Fig. 13 it can be seen, these reinforcing elements 9 can also be used in edge support elements 25, which are to support an edge region of a concrete slab 1. These edge support elements 25 may in this case be individual supports, but it may also be a support wall. The concrete slab 1 is in turn provided with a first bending reinforcement layer 2 and a second bending reinforcement layer 4, which are connected to one another in the edge region via bending reinforcement rods 28. On the plate extending further from the support element 25, the reinforcing element 9, as has been described above, is inserted into the first bending reinforcement layer 2 and the second bending reinforcement layer 4. The second end region 15 of the reinforcement element 9 is guided by the second bending reinforcement layer 4 against the first bending reinforcement layer 2, in which case this second end region 15 can be placed around an intermediate rod 29 which is inserted between the first bending reinforcement layer 2 and the second bending reinforcement layer 4. The end of the second end region 15 of the reinforcing element 9 can in turn, as previously described, be equipped in a known manner with anchoring means.

Fig. 14 shows a possibility of how the concrete plate 1 in the region of an edge support element can be equipped with corresponding reinforcing elements 9. The parallel to the edge of the concrete plate 1 extending reinforcing elements 9 are inserted into the concreted plate 1, as to the Fig. 1 to 12 has been described. The reinforcing elements 9 attached at right angles to the edge of the concrete slab 1 are inserted into the concrete slab 1 in this way this too Fig. 13 has been described. Now, if the edge support member 25 is formed as a retaining wall, the reinforcing elements 9 along this retaining wall can be used side by side as such Fig. 13 has been described.

Fig. 15 shows a concrete slab in the corner of a Eckstützelement 26 is arranged. Reinforcement elements 9 can be used in such a way as to reinforce this corner region of the plate 1 to be supported Fig. 13 has been described, in this case, these reinforcing elements 9 can also be attached crosswise.

With these inventive reinforcing elements, concrete slabs to be supported can be optimally reinforced in the area of supporting elements. These reinforcing elements can be used very easily, the variety of applications allows, depending on the load case, to use an optimal number of such reinforcing elements, the band-like design allows to use these reinforcing elements in multiple layers, they can also be arranged side by side and crosswise in any way.

Claims (15)

Reinforcing element for receiving forces of concrete slabs (1) in the region of support elements (3), in particular columns and support walls, which plate with a support member (3) adjacent the first bending reinforcement layer (2) and the support member (3) facing away from second bending reinforcement layer (4), each formed by substantially longitudinal and transverse transverse reinforcing bars (5, 6, 7, 8) is provided, between which bending reinforcement layers (2, 4) a number of reinforcing elements (9) are used, characterized in that each reinforcing element (9) is formed from a longitudinally stable, flexible longitudinal element (10) whose first end region (12) is guided through the first bending reinforcement layer (2) whose first region (13) adjoining the first end region (12) is at an acute angle α runs against the second bending reinforcement layer (4) whose second region (14) adjoining the first region (13) passes through the second bend Reinforcement (4) is guided and in the region of the support element (3) along the support element (3) facing away from the surface of the second bending reinforcement layer (4) and the second end region (15) through the second bending reinforcement layer (4) therethrough against the first bending reinforcement layer (2) is guided. Reinforcing element according to claim 1, characterized in that the longitudinally stable flexible longitudinal element (10) has the form of a band (11) whose width is a multiple of the thickness, and which can be brought to the desired length. Reinforcing element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a plurality of reinforcing elements (9) longitudinally and transversely, substantially parallel to the respective longitudinal and transverse reinforcing bars (5, 6, 7, 8) of the first bending reinforcement layer (2) and the second bending reinforcement layer (4), are inserted in the concrete slab (1). Reinforcing element according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the reinforcing elements (9) are inserted in multiple layers in the concrete slab. Reinforcing element according to claim 4, characterized in that the first end regions (12) and the second end regions (15) and / or the first regions (13) of the multi-layered in the concrete plate (1) inserted reinforcing elements (9) on each other or are running away from each other. Reinforcing element according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the angle α is in the range of 20 ° to 50 °. Reinforcing element according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the longitudinally stable flexible longitudinal element (10) is formed from carbon fiber reinforced plastic. Reinforcing element according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, in the case of center support elements (3) for the concrete slab (1) to be supported, the second end region (15) is guided into the first bending reinforcement layer (2) corresponding to the first end region (12). A reinforcing element according to claim 8, characterized in that the end regions (12, 15) each transversely extending at least one to the reinforcing element (9) reinforcing rod (6) of the first bending reinforcement layer (2) are guided, and that the second region (14) in accordance with transverse reinforcement rods (8) of the second bending reinforcement layer (4) is guided. Reinforcement element according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, in the case of edge supports (25) for the plate (1) to be supported, the second end region (15) is guided against the support element (25) to the first bending reinforcement layer (2). Reinforcing element according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that at least one of the end regions (12, 15) is looped over a plurality of transverse reinforcing bars (6) of the first bending reinforcing layer (2). Reinforcing element according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the end regions (12, 15) of the reinforcing elements (9) are provided with anchoring means (16). Reinforcing element according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that saddle elements (17) are attached to the transverse reinforcing bars (6, 8) around which the reinforcing elements (9) are deflected. Reinforcing element according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that this is in existing plates (21) in the region of support elements (3) can be used, for which in the plate to be reinforced (21) bores (22) are attachable, through which the respective Reinforcing element (9) is insertable and that the bores (22) are pourable and the end portions are held with anchoring elements. Reinforcing element according to claim 14, characterized in that in the region of deflections of the reinforcing element (9) in the bores (22) saddle elements are used, on which the reinforcing elements (9) are supported.

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