EP0698418B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur gleichzeitigen Dispergierung und Zerstäubung von mindestens zwei Flüssigkeiten - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur gleichzeitigen Dispergierung und Zerstäubung von mindestens zwei Flüssigkeiten Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0698418B1
EP0698418B1 EP95112765A EP95112765A EP0698418B1 EP 0698418 B1 EP0698418 B1 EP 0698418B1 EP 95112765 A EP95112765 A EP 95112765A EP 95112765 A EP95112765 A EP 95112765A EP 0698418 B1 EP0698418 B1 EP 0698418B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
liquid
nozzle
gas
liquids
chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95112765A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0698418A3 (de
EP0698418A2 (de
Inventor
Claus Müller
Uwe Listner
Martin Schweitzer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayer AG
Original Assignee
Bayer AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0698418A2 publication Critical patent/EP0698418A2/de
Publication of EP0698418A3 publication Critical patent/EP0698418A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0698418B1 publication Critical patent/EP0698418B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/06—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane
    • B05B7/062—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane with only one liquid outlet and at least one gas outlet
    • B05B7/065—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane with only one liquid outlet and at least one gas outlet an inner gas outlet being surrounded by an annular adjacent liquid outlet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/04—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
    • B05B7/0408—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing two or more liquids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/04—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
    • B05B7/0416—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid
    • B05B7/0441—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of liquid surrounded by an external conduit of gas upstream the mixing chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/10—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour
    • F23D11/101—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour medium and fuel meeting before the burner outlet
    • F23D11/102—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour medium and fuel meeting before the burner outlet in an internal mixing chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F23G5/442—Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G5/446—Waste feed arrangements for liquid waste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00—Specific waste
    • F23G2209/10—Liquid waste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
    • F23G2900/54402—Injecting fluid waste into incinerator

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for simultaneous Atomize and disperse at least two liquids using of propellant gas in which the resulting gas-liquid mixture passes through an atomizing chamber consisting of relaxation rooms connected in series is performed and in the form of a spray cone from a downstream flows out of the atomizer chamber attached nozzle gap.
  • a process in which a liquid contains a propellant in an internal Atomizer chamber is mixed and then through a nozzle gap on Leaves the atomizer chamber, is described in DE 32 16 420.
  • An internal mixture of liquid and propellant gas is characteristic in fluidically connected chambers in which the propellant gas Relaxed several times on the way up to leaving the nozzle and again is compressed. In this way, a very good one takes place in the atomizing chamber Premix before mixing the nozzle with the conical Annular gap emerges, and is further dispersed during this expansion. Because of this pressure jump, the liquid is atomized very finely and as a hollow cone entered the surrounding space.
  • DE 26 45 142 describes a method for generating a current of described at least two mixed and atomized fluids, in which First the liquids and a propellant in a first injector-like one Flow passage merged, mixed and pre-atomized. The the resulting gas-liquid mixture is then accelerated and strikes a baffle or reflection device after leaving the nozzle body. In this reflection and impact zone, the second mixing stage there is another mixture and atomization before the atomized mixed fluid leaves the nozzle in the form of an open parachute.
  • the invention has for its object a method and an apparatus for simultaneous dispersion and atomization of several liquids under Develop use of propellant gas in which the liquids are homogeneous and operationally mixed with high mixing quality and then as a swarm of drops be atomized in the form of a closed hollow cone.
  • propellant gas in which the liquids are homogeneous and operationally mixed with high mixing quality and then as a swarm of drops be atomized in the form of a closed hollow cone.
  • immiscible liquids should be used.
  • the mixed with propellant gas liquids F 1 and F 2 are fed as single streams T 1 and T 2 in the circumferential direction alternately in the sputtering chamber; that is, the individual streams T 1 and T 2 alternately strike the gutter as seen in the circumferential direction.
  • the spray cone emerging at the nozzle gap can thereby advantageously be stabilized be that within the nozzle gap with a rotationally symmetrical gas curtain a radial flow component is generated.
  • a radial flow component is generated within the nozzle gap with a rotationally symmetrical gas curtain a radial flow component is generated.
  • a gas with a rotationally symmetrical outside of the spray cone axial flow component are blown.
  • a preferred application of this multiphase mixing and dispersing process is that the multi-phase mixture consisting of several liquids and propellant through the nozzle gap into a hollow cone into the combustion chamber Incinerator is sprayed and there together with solid dust Fuels or liquid or gaseous fuels is burned. there can be one of the liquids from a liquid waste with fluctuating There is a calorific value in the atomizing chamber as a second liquid high calorific liquid for regulating the flame temperature in the Combustion chamber is added. Such a combustion was successful the thermal disposal of waste containing chlorinated hydrocarbons be used. In this case there is one of them Multi-phase mixing nozzle fed liquid from the chlorinated hydrocarbon Waste and the other liquid from a liquid fuel.
  • the distributor elements preferably consist of y-shaped pairs of bores Leg lines and common foot lines, the leg lines are connected to the gas and liquid collection channels and the foot pipes open into the atomizer chamber.
  • the gutter is advantageous on the inside with a sharp tear-off edge Mistake.
  • Another improvement is that an annular gap or in the nozzle head radial gas holes to create a gas curtain within the Nozzle gap emerging spray cone are arranged. Another stabilization of the spray cone can be through a cylindrical, enveloping the spray cone Gas curtain can be reached. For this purpose are in the nozzle flange Axial gas holes provided. Through this fluidic Measures are prevented that atomized liquid particles to the Get to the surface of the nozzle and there a product structure that hinders spraying takes place.
  • the shape of the spray cone can advantageously be varied in that the Nozzle gap is adjustable with regard to its gap width.
  • the essential components of the multi-phase mixing nozzle are the nozzle flange 1, the atomizing chamber 2 and the nozzle head 3.
  • the two liquids F 1 and F 2 reach the atomizing chamber 2 via distribution elements which are arranged on a circle in the nozzle head 1.
  • the distribution elements in turn consist of Y-shaped bore branches, with 2 leg lines and one common foot line.
  • collecting channels 4 and 5 for the two liquids F 1 and F 2 and a gas collecting channel 6 for the supply of the propellant gas are arranged.
  • One leg 7 of a distributor element for the liquid F 2 is connected to the collecting duct 5 and the other leg 8 to the gas collecting duct 6.
  • the two leg lines 7 and 8 run towards each other at an acute angle and merge into the common foot line 9, which opens into the atomizing chamber 2.
  • the distribution elements for the liquid F 1 are constructed analogously.
  • One leg line 10 opens into the liquid collection channel 4, the other leg line 11 is again connected to the gas collection channel 6.
  • the two leg lines 10 and 11 are in turn brought together to form a foot line 12, which opens into the interior of the atomizing chamber 2.
  • the propellant gas strikes the liquid F 2 via the leg line 11 and the liquid F 1 via the leg line 8.
  • the leg lines are dimensioned in such a way that the pressure loss is kept as low as possible and the available atomizing energy is effectively used by the subsequent atomizing chamber 2 can.
  • the distributor elements for the two liquids F 1 and F 2 are arranged alternately one after the other on a circle in the nozzle flange 1 (see FIG. 2). If there are more than two liquids, a cyclical order is required, eg F 1 , F 2 , F 3 , F 4 ; F 1 , F 2 , F 3 , F 4 are provided.
  • liquid collection channel for the liquid F 1 is provided with liquid supply lines 13 and the liquid collection channel for the liquid F 2 is provided with a liquid supply line 14.
  • the propellant gas compressed air is fed to the gas collection duct 6 through the gas feed line 15 (see FIG. 3).
  • the foot lines 9 and 12 belonging to the distributor elements are oriented in the nozzle flange 1 in such a way that the liquids flowing therethrough, accelerated by the propellant gas, first strike an annular gutter 16 arranged in the upper part of the atomizing chamber 2.
  • the gutter 16 has on its inside (towards the nozzle axis) a sharp tear-off edge 17.
  • the individual streams T 1... N dispersed with the propellant gas are distributed in the trough-shaped depression of the gutter 16.
  • the two liquid flows F 1 and F 2 each divided in the liquid collection channels, are mixed intensively for the first time by the impact and the equalization in the collecting channel 16.
  • a first atomization of the premixed liquids F 1 and F 2 takes place at the tear-off edge 17 of the gutter 16.
  • the relaxation spaces 19 are connected in series in terms of flow technology in the atomizer chamber 2, so that the multiphase gas / liquid mixture in the atomizer chamber 2 is alternately compressed and decompressed. Due to this alternating compression and expansion, a high mixing quality is achieved.
  • the multiphase mixture consisting of the propellant gas and the liquids F 1 and F 2 is accelerated by an annular outlet gap 20 which tapers conically in the direction of flow.
  • the annular outlet gap 20 on the nozzle head 3 is arranged at an obtuse angle against the nozzle axis. Since the pressure losses in compression and expansion in the expansion spaces 19 connected in series decrease the pressure in the flow direction, the volume flow increases with the mass flow remaining the same.
  • the pressurized multiphase mixture is atomized for the last time to form a hollow cone 22 (see FIG. 3). The swarm of droplets consisting of the multiphase mixture thus leaves the nozzle head 3 through the opening 21 along a conical surface.
  • the exit gap 20 is on the one hand by a conical web 23 at the end of the Atomizer chamber 2 and on the other hand by one belonging to the nozzle head Tapered plate 24 limited.
  • the cone plate 24 is at a central, from Nozzle head 1 outgoing inner tube 25 is arranged adjustable in height. To this The slot width of the outlet gap 20 can be adjusted in this way. By Adjusting the gap width can be the throughput and also the shape of the hollow cone can be influenced within certain limits.
  • a cone cap 26 is such screwed that between the cone plate 24 and the cone cap 26 Annular gap 27 remains, its opening directly at the exit gap 21 adjacent. Taper plate 24 and taper cap 26 together form the nozzle head 3.
  • the annular gap 27 has a central distributor space 28 in the conical cap 26 connected, which in turn is connected to the inner tube 25.
  • the Distribution space 28 additionally has gas bores 29 which extend radially outward on.
  • the central inner tube 25 can be an inert gas via the nozzle flange 1 are supplied (air or nitrogen), which via the distribution space 28 through the Annular gap 27 and the gas holes 29 flows out. That way, inside of the spray cone is a rotationally symmetrical gas curtain with a radial Flow component generated.
  • This gas curtain has the task that in the Fill area of the cone cap 26 forming negative pressure area. Without these There is a tendency for the swarm of drops to have a hollow cone shape collapsed below the exit gap 21. The atomization would then take the form assume a full cone, one in the vicinity of the outlet gap belly-shaped expansion occurs.
  • axial gas holes 30 in Extension of the gas collection channel 6 in the nozzle flange 1 also outside the Spray cone rotationally symmetrical a gas, e.g. Air, with an axial Blown flow component. Through this cylindrical gas curtain the spray cone is further stabilized.
  • Distribution elements e.g. an annular gap interrupted at regular intervals, be provided.
  • the leg lines 10 and 7 for the liquids F 1 and F 2 and the leg lines 11 and 8 for the propellant gas run obliquely downwards, the gas leg lines 11 with the liquid leg lines 10 (for combine the liquid F 1 ) and the gas leg lines 8 with the liquid leg lines 7 (for the liquid F 2 ) (y-shaped distributor bores).
  • the axial gas bores 30 are arranged.
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows the swarm of drops 22 emerging from the outlet gap 21 on the nozzle head 3 in the form of a hollow cone.
  • the homogeneous distribution of the liquids F 1 and F 2 could be demonstrated with the aid of small sample trays 32 set up on the bottom 31 within the spray cone 22 by subsequent analysis of the samples.
  • multi-phase mixing nozzle With the help of the described multi-phase mixing nozzle, it is possible to use two or several liquids with very different physical properties to mix and atomize intensely. Because of the extremely low mean Dwell time in the entire multi-phase mixing nozzle in the range from 5 to 100 ms lead to slow chemical reactions between the liquids no impairment of the atomization quality. It was also found that even polymerizing liquids due to the extremely short residence time in the multi-phase mixing nozzle mixed and the mixture without problems can be atomized. The multi-phase mixing nozzle practically enables in-situ Mixing and atomization. Polymerizing liquids could e.g. Not premixed in a tank and then atomized.
  • a preferred application of the method according to the invention is that the multi-phase mixing nozzle is inserted into the combustion chamber of an incineration plant and a swarm of hollow cones is generated there.
  • the combustion of liquid waste with a strongly fluctuating calorific value can be carried out successfully.
  • the liquid waste is supplied as liquid F 1 and a high-calorific liquid fuel as liquid F 2 to the multiphase mixing nozzle.
  • the flow rate of the liquid fuel F 2 can then be controlled so that the temperature in the combustion chamber remains constant.
  • the combustion chamber temperature is the reference variable for the fuel flow. It is also possible for a reaction liquid which increases or decreases the flame temperature to be metered in in a controlled manner in the multiphase mixing nozzle in order to keep the flame temperature constant.
  • the method according to the invention is particularly suitable for the disposal of liquid problematic waste materials in the chemical industry.
  • different, immiscible wastewater or wastewater concentrate together with a liquid fuel are fed into the multiphase mixing nozzle, atomized and burned.
  • the combustion process can be improved by the radial and rotationally symmetrical gas curtains (from the annular gap 27 and the axial gas bores 30) if oxygen-rich air is used as the gas, so that the gas curtains support and stabilize the combustion as an additional oxygen supplier.
  • the method according to the invention can be used for the thermal disposal (combustion) of chlorinated hydrocarbon-containing waste materials with low and, above all, constant residual pollutant concentrations, one of the liquids fed into the multiphase mixing nozzle consisting of the chlorinated hydrocarbon-containing waste liquid, which as a second liquid is a liquid fuel is mixed into the atomizing chamber.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Colloid Chemistry (AREA)
EP95112765A 1994-08-26 1995-08-14 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur gleichzeitigen Dispergierung und Zerstäubung von mindestens zwei Flüssigkeiten Expired - Lifetime EP0698418B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4430307A DE4430307A1 (de) 1994-08-26 1994-08-26 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur gleichzeitigen Dispergierung und Zerstäubung von mindestens zwei Flüssigkeiten
DE4430307 1994-08-26

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0698418A2 EP0698418A2 (de) 1996-02-28
EP0698418A3 EP0698418A3 (de) 1996-11-20
EP0698418B1 true EP0698418B1 (de) 2001-11-07

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EP95112765A Expired - Lifetime EP0698418B1 (de) 1994-08-26 1995-08-14 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur gleichzeitigen Dispergierung und Zerstäubung von mindestens zwei Flüssigkeiten

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5639024A (es)
EP (1) EP0698418B1 (es)
AT (1) ATE208237T1 (es)
DE (2) DE4430307A1 (es)
ES (1) ES2166795T3 (es)

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ATE208237T1 (de) 2001-11-15
DE4430307A1 (de) 1996-02-29
DE59509798D1 (de) 2001-12-13
US5639024A (en) 1997-06-17
ES2166795T3 (es) 2002-05-01
EP0698418A3 (de) 1996-11-20
EP0698418A2 (de) 1996-02-28

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