EP0693424A1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Verpackungszuschnitten - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Verpackungszuschnitten Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0693424A1
EP0693424A1 EP94810424A EP94810424A EP0693424A1 EP 0693424 A1 EP0693424 A1 EP 0693424A1 EP 94810424 A EP94810424 A EP 94810424A EP 94810424 A EP94810424 A EP 94810424A EP 0693424 A1 EP0693424 A1 EP 0693424A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
strip
label
making
knurled
roller
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP94810424A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0693424B1 (de
Inventor
Albert Sigrist
Roberto Rizzolo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Philip Morris Products SA
Original Assignee
Fabriques de Tabac Reunies SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fabriques de Tabac Reunies SA filed Critical Fabriques de Tabac Reunies SA
Priority to EP94810424A priority Critical patent/EP0693424B1/de
Priority to DE69400120T priority patent/DE69400120T2/de
Priority to US08/502,950 priority patent/US5876317A/en
Priority to BR9503365A priority patent/BR9503365A/pt
Publication of EP0693424A1 publication Critical patent/EP0693424A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0693424B1 publication Critical patent/EP0693424B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B19/00Packaging rod-shaped or tubular articles susceptible to damage by abrasion or pressure, e.g. cigarettes, cigars, macaroni, spaghetti, drinking straws or welding electrodes
    • B65B19/02Packaging cigarettes
    • B65B19/22Wrapping the cigarettes; Packaging the cigarettes in containers formed by folding wrapping material around formers
    • B65B19/228Preparing and feeding blanks
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B61/00Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on sheets, blanks, webs, binding material, containers or packages
    • B65B61/02Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on sheets, blanks, webs, binding material, containers or packages for perforating, scoring, slitting, or applying code or date marks on material prior to packaging
    • B65B61/025Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on sheets, blanks, webs, binding material, containers or packages for perforating, scoring, slitting, or applying code or date marks on material prior to packaging for applying, e.g. printing, code or date marks on material prior to packaging
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B61/00Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on sheets, blanks, webs, binding material, containers or packages
    • B65B61/18Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on sheets, blanks, webs, binding material, containers or packages for making package-opening or unpacking elements
    • B65B61/182Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on sheets, blanks, webs, binding material, containers or packages for making package-opening or unpacking elements by applying tear-strips or tear-tapes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D85/00Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials
    • B65D85/07Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for compressible or flexible articles
    • B65D85/08Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for compressible or flexible articles rod-shaped or tubular
    • B65D85/10Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for compressible or flexible articles rod-shaped or tubular for cigarettes
    • B65D85/1018Container formed by a flexible material, i.e. soft-packages
    • B65D85/1027Opening devices
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65HHANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H23/00Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs
    • B65H23/04Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs longitudinally
    • B65H23/18Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs longitudinally by controlling or regulating the web-advancing mechanism, e.g. mechanism acting on the running web
    • B65H23/188Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs longitudinally by controlling or regulating the web-advancing mechanism, e.g. mechanism acting on the running web in connection with running-web
    • B65H23/1882Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs longitudinally by controlling or regulating the web-advancing mechanism, e.g. mechanism acting on the running web in connection with running-web and controlling longitudinal register of web

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for preparing labels, in particular labels for packaging cigarette packs.
  • the labels for box packages are prepared independently of the cigarette packaging machine, even sometimes by a specialized manufacturer, independent of the tobacco industry. They are supplied in stacks of labels, each of them having the folding ribs as well as the cutouts necessary for their assembly on the packaging machine.
  • the labels for soft packages are generally intended to form packages by diamond folds, which does not require prior cutting of the label. Therefore, these labels are obtained from a strip from a preprinted roll directly feeding the packaging machine.
  • a first object of the invention is therefore to propose a device intended to be installed on a cigarette packaging machine, said device being fed by a strip of paper and making at least one or more cuts during the passage of said strip in the device, so that it is subsequently possible to separate the label precisely from the paper strip, in order to produce a soft type packaging, comprising one or more folds flat, on the packaging machine.
  • conventional soft type labels do not have grooves to facilitate the making of folds during assembly of the package.
  • Such grooves can however be useful, both to facilitate the making of the folds and to increase their rigidity and improve the aesthetics of the finished package.
  • a second object of the invention is therefore to add to the previous device means for performing folding grooves.
  • a third object of the invention is therefore to add to the previous device one or more of the above means and to make the previous device modular, so as to be able to adapt it to different types of labels while still another aim is to facilitate the synchronization of the various means above.
  • a final object of the invention is to propose a compact device which can be installed as standard on a new packaging machine or which can be added later to an existing machine.
  • the invention provides a device for preparing labels, in particular for making packaging labels for soft type cigarettes, comprising the characteristics indicated in claims 1 to 10, as well as a packaging machine meeting the characteristics of claim 11.
  • folding ribs by this is meant a deformation carried out at the place where the fold will take place, respectively on a fold line.
  • This deformation can be in relief either on the face of the label corresponding to the outside of the fold and consequently hollow on the opposite face, or on the contrary in relief on the face corresponding to the inside of the fold, and hollow on the opposite side; on the faces where this deformation is hollow, it then corresponds to a groove.
  • folding ribs will be mentioned, encompassing one or other of the above meanings.
  • the label 1 in FIG. 1 is only a particular embodiment of a label for packaging a packet of soft type cigarettes, which groups together a certain number of elements which can be produced by the preparation device according to the invention. 'invention.
  • the label 1 is generally of essentially rectangular shape, and is composed of panels separated in particular by fold lines 10, 11, 12, 13 in order to form the lateral faces as well as the lower and upper faces of the package. Compared to a label intended for making a usual soft pack, this is prepared in particular so that two of the panels forming the upper and lower faces can be folded flat; for this, the label 1 includes the cutouts 14, 15 and 16.
  • the end of the cutouts 14 and 15 close to the fold lines 10 can end in a 90 ° portion, as in the cutouts 14, or in a arc of a circle, as on cutout 15.
  • the cutout 16 is here of a different shape since it also constitutes one of the means of opening the package.
  • the tear-off tab 16A it is continued by a partial cut 16B.
  • the fold line portion 16C has the same function as that described above for the other cuts.
  • the device according to the invention can make a certain number of folding grooves, in particular two longitudinal grooves 10A corresponding to the folding lines 10, four transverse grooves 11A, 12A corresponding to the folding lines 11 and 12, as well as possibly oblique grooves 13A for the fold lines 13 necessary for a diamond fold of certain portions of the package.
  • the short folding lines 14A, 15A and 16C mentioned above can also each receive a short folding groove.
  • Knurling is understood here to mean an operation by which a roller or a roller having a certain ridged or fluted profile around its periphery is cold pressed on a portion of the label, creating a weakened zone, respectively a cold knurled or embossed line. , thus facilitating its folding or tearing.
  • knurling and knurled line we will only speak of knurling and knurled line.
  • transverse fold lines 11 and 12 can be knurled, as shown in 17, on their central portion limited by the fold lines 10. This operation can be carried out in place of or in addition to the creation of the grooves 12A. By this operation, one can obtain a package whose four side corners are rounded, thus improving its aesthetics and rigidity.
  • Another knurled line can be created as shown in 18, in order to facilitate the opening of the upper face of the package.
  • the portion of the knurled line 18 shown superimposed on the fold line 10 can be superimposed on this line or then offset by a few mm in the direction of the panels forming the lateral faces of the package.
  • the end of this knurled line 18 can end in a cutout 18A or continue to the edge of the label.
  • a means for opening the lateral sides of the package is to be provided, it is easy to add to the device according to the invention means making it possible to create a longitudinal knurled line 19, to add a string or a ribbon d 'tear-off 19B and perform a U-shaped cut of the side border of the label in order to create a tear-off tab 19A. Note the hollow cutout on the opposite border of the label.
  • the longitudinal folding grooves 10A as well as the knurled line 19 do not extend over the entire length of the label 1 but stop a few mm from the lateral borders for a reason which will be explained lower.
  • the device for preparing labels 2, enabling the operations described above to be carried out, is preferably directly installed on a cigarette packaging machine 3 comprising a frame 30, of which only a portion is visible in Figure 2.
  • the device preparation 2 mainly comprises a frame 20 on which are mounted the various means for these operations.
  • a reel 31 of a continuous strip 32 of paper, of grammage corresponding to the production of a soft package, and one side of which is already printed periodically reproducing the pattern or patterns which will appear later on the outer faces of the package is rotated on an axis 33 fixed either to a portion 30 of the frame of the packaging machine or to a portion of the frame 20.
  • the rotation of the reel 31 is slightly braked in order to keep the strip 32 taut.
  • the twine or tear strip 19B which has been mentioned previously comes from another coil 34, in rotation braked on an axis 35, also integral with the frame 30 or the chassis 20.
  • the strip 32 After leaving the reel 31, the strip 32 passes through the device 4 making it possible to perform the necessary folding ribs, in particular those described above and referenced 10A, 11A, 12A, 13A, 14A, 15A and 16C.
  • the ribs provided are made using a known technique, by passing the strip 32 between two rollers 40 and 41 fitted with the necessary profiles.
  • the device 5 affixes by printing the code or the date 19C on a portion of the label; it is composed, according to a known technique, of the two rollers 50 and 51 between which the strip 32 passes, one of the rollers, the roller 51 for example comprising printing means in relief or by inking, while the other roller , the roller 50, serves as a support roller.
  • the knurled lines previously identified by 17, 18 and 19 are produced by the knurling device 6 composed of two knurling rollers 60 and 61 of known technique.
  • the device 7 is intended first of all to deposit the twine or tear strip 19B on one face of the strip 32, then to perform the cuts and partial cuts mentioned above and referenced in 14, 15, 16, 16B and 18A.
  • the twine or tear strip 19B is pre-glued in order to adhere to the strip 32 under the effect of the pressure exerted by the roller 70 on the roller 72.
  • a guide roller 71 makes it possible to guide the paper strip 32 so that the angle it makes with respect to the twine or the tear strip 19B when they meet is as small as possible.
  • the necessary cuts and precuts are made by the cutting roller 73 which is provided with cutting means known in the art, the roller 72 serving as a support roller.
  • the U-shaped cut to form the other tear-off tab 19A is made on a second pair of rollers 74 and 75.
  • the labels 1 are always attached in the form of a band 32, each portion of the band corresponding to a label 1 comprising all the ribs, cutouts and precuts as well as the necessary knurled lines. All that remains is to make a transverse cut across the strip in order to separate each label 1.
  • the cutting blade mounted on the roller 77 must be provided with a notch so as not to cut the tab 19A which projects on an edge of the label 1.
  • the cutting rollers 76 and 77 could be integrated with the other devices inside the chassis 20 of the device preparation, but according to a preferred embodiment these latter cutting rollers are separated from the device for reasons of synchronism as will be explained below.
  • routing means shown diagrammatically at 36 lead each label 1 so that it can be made into a cigarette pack packaging on the rest of the packaging machine 1.
  • the means provided for this purpose can be described as follows: it can be seen in FIG. 2 that the roller 41 has a flat 42, similarly it was mentioned previously that the grooves 10A as well as the knurled line 19 do not cover the entire length of the label.
  • the rollers 40 and 41 performing in particular the longitudinal grooves 10A and the knurling rollers 60 and 61 performing in particular the knurled line 19, so that the strip 32 is opposite the flat 42 at the same time as opposite the non-knurled portion of the knurling rollers 60 and 61 when the portion of strip intended to be cut by the roller cutting 77 is approximately opposite said cutting roller, and since the action of the rollers 50 and 51, 72 and 73, 74 and 75 is periodic and does not act at this time on the strip 32, a relaxation is obtained of the tensile tension imposed on the strip 32.
  • the strip 32 is tensioned only by the braking imposed on the reel 31, said strip then being driven by the drive rollers 80.
  • the strip 32 comprises, in one any place, if possible, not visible when the pack is finished, a preprinted mark 19D, the position of which is very precisely determined and which can be detected by a reading cell 81, for example a photoelectric cell.
  • a reading cell 81 for example a photoelectric cell.
  • control means 82 which then control the instantaneous speed of drive of the rollers 80 as well as the action of the roll of section 77. In this way, no offset can be cumulated, the cross section for separating the labels always taking place at a very exactly determined distance from the mark 19D.
  • these means allowing the transverse separation section are preferably separated from the preparation device 2, but they could just as easily be integrated therein.
  • the device for preparing labels has been described for the preparation of a specific embodiment of a label, it is understood that a person skilled in the art will be able to adapt the device according to the desired embodiment of the label.
  • all the basic devices need not be present, for example if it is not necessary to enter a code or a date, the corresponding device can be omitted, likewise if the knurled lines 17 are not provided, or if a single opening means of the package is desired, the devices necessary for making the other opening means are to be removed, as well as if one does not wish to prepare folding grooves.
  • the label preparation device includes the rollers necessary for making the cutouts 14, 15 and possibly 16, the other elements being optional.
  • the cutting device 76, 77 Since the device is fed by a strip of paper, the cutting device 76, 77 is also essential, but as we have seen previously, it is generally placed on the packaging machine itself. Likewise, the described succession of the various elementary devices can be modified, it being understood that the cutting device 76, 77 must always be at the end of the line.
  • the device described which can be mounted on a new packaging machine or on an existing machine makes it possible in particular to simplify the design of said packaging machine and it becomes possible to obtain a wide variety of embodiments of 'labels by rapid adaptations of the preparation device, the simplification of the training of this device allowing an operation of the packaging machine at high speed.
  • This device makes it possible in particular to obtain labels whose cutouts and fold lines are designed and arranged in such a way that a packaging made of a single layer of material can be obtained and nevertheless having a high seal.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Making Paper Articles (AREA)
  • Wrapping Of Specific Fragile Articles (AREA)
EP94810424A 1994-07-19 1994-07-19 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Verpackungszuschnitten Expired - Lifetime EP0693424B1 (de)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP94810424A EP0693424B1 (de) 1994-07-19 1994-07-19 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Verpackungszuschnitten
DE69400120T DE69400120T2 (de) 1994-07-19 1994-07-19 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Verpackungszuschnitten
US08/502,950 US5876317A (en) 1994-07-19 1995-07-17 Method and apparatus for preparing blanks
BR9503365A BR9503365A (pt) 1994-07-19 1995-07-18 Processo e dispositivo de preparaçao de etiquetas a máquina de embalagem

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP94810424A EP0693424B1 (de) 1994-07-19 1994-07-19 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Verpackungszuschnitten

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0693424A1 true EP0693424A1 (de) 1996-01-24
EP0693424B1 EP0693424B1 (de) 1996-03-27

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EP94810424A Expired - Lifetime EP0693424B1 (de) 1994-07-19 1994-07-19 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Verpackungszuschnitten

Country Status (4)

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US (1) US5876317A (de)
EP (1) EP0693424B1 (de)
BR (1) BR9503365A (de)
DE (1) DE69400120T2 (de)

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WO1998015405A1 (fr) * 1996-10-08 1998-04-16 Fabriques De Tabac Reunies S.A. Procede et dispositif de preparation sequentiel d'une ebauche d'emballage, et cartouche de cigarettes
EP0885809A1 (de) * 1997-06-20 1998-12-23 Focke & Co. (GmbH & Co.) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Klappschachteln
EP0965523A1 (de) * 1998-06-19 1999-12-22 Focke & Co. (GmbH & Co.) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Packungen, insbesondere Zigarettenpackungen
WO2001060730A2 (en) * 2000-02-19 2001-08-23 Industrial Automation Systems Ltd Packaging process and apparatus for its execution
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DE102005056627A1 (de) * 2005-11-25 2007-05-31 Focke & Co.(Gmbh & Co. Kg) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Zuschnitten für eine Innenumhüllung einer Zigarettengruppe
ATE512066T1 (de) * 2005-12-12 2011-06-15 Graphic Packaging Int Inc Karton mit schwenkbarer ausgabevorrichtung
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EP2511088A1 (de) * 2011-04-12 2012-10-17 Boegli-Gravures S.A. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung einer Verpackung für Rauchartikel
CA2832091C (en) 2011-05-02 2016-09-06 Graphic Packaging International, Inc. Carton with opening feature
DE102011105695A1 (de) 2011-05-05 2012-11-08 Focke & Co. (Gmbh & Co. Kg) Packung für Zigaretten sowie Zuschnitt, Materialbahn und Verfahren zum Herstellen derselben
DE102011113401A1 (de) 2011-09-16 2013-03-21 Focke & Co. (Gmbh & Co. Kg) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Zigaretten-Packungen
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US10124947B2 (en) 2014-06-23 2018-11-13 Graphic Packaging International, Llc Carton with dispensing features
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FR1158865A (fr) * 1955-09-16 1958-06-20 Molins Machine Co Ltd Perfectionnements à l'alimentation en bandes ou rubans en matière souple, en particulier pour machines à emballer
DE2915829A1 (de) * 1979-04-19 1980-10-23 Herbert Ing Grad Gawarecki Verfahren zur steuerung der transportgeschwindigkeit einer mehreren zeitlich versetzten behandlungsabschnitten unterworfenen papierbahn sowie deren ausbildung
DE3141311A1 (de) * 1980-11-07 1982-06-16 Hauni-Werke Körber & Co KG, 2050 Hamburg Packmaschine zum verpacken von zigarettenbloecken in weichbecherpackungen
DE3124344A1 (de) * 1981-06-20 1983-01-05 Zupack-Gesellschaft mbH für Herstellung und Vertrieb neuzeitlicher Verpackungen, 6100 Darmstadt "vorrichtung zum registergenauen bearbeiten einer bedruckten bahn in einer verpackungsmaschine"
DE3322129A1 (de) * 1983-06-20 1984-12-20 Tokyo Automatic Machinery Works Ltd., Tokyo Automatische verpackungsmaschine

Cited By (15)

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WO1998015405A1 (fr) * 1996-10-08 1998-04-16 Fabriques De Tabac Reunies S.A. Procede et dispositif de preparation sequentiel d'une ebauche d'emballage, et cartouche de cigarettes
US6234943B1 (en) 1996-10-08 2001-05-22 Philip Morris Incorporated Process and device for preparing a packaging blank and packaging prepared by such blank
CN1114099C (zh) * 1997-06-10 2003-07-09 吉第联合股份公司 检验烟草物品容器坯料上胶粘物质的方法
US6206815B1 (en) 1997-06-20 2001-03-27 Focke & Co. (Gmbh & Co.) Method and device for manufacturing hinge-lid packets
EP0885809A1 (de) * 1997-06-20 1998-12-23 Focke & Co. (GmbH & Co.) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Klappschachteln
EP0965523A1 (de) * 1998-06-19 1999-12-22 Focke & Co. (GmbH & Co.) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Packungen, insbesondere Zigarettenpackungen
US6308492B1 (en) 1998-06-19 2001-10-30 Focke & Co. (Gmbh & Co.) Process and apparatus for producing packs
CN1111491C (zh) * 1998-06-19 2003-06-18 福克有限公司 生产盒子的方法与设备
WO2001060730A2 (en) * 2000-02-19 2001-08-23 Industrial Automation Systems Ltd Packaging process and apparatus for its execution
WO2001060730A3 (en) * 2000-02-19 2001-12-20 Ind Automation Systems Ltd Packaging process and apparatus for its execution
EP1914168A1 (de) * 2006-10-19 2008-04-23 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. Verfahren zum Herstellen von versiegelten flüssigen Produkten enthaltenden Behältern und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung eines solchen Verfahrens
WO2008046896A1 (en) * 2006-10-19 2008-04-24 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. Process of manufacturing sealed packages containing a pourable food product and packaging equipment for performing such process
CN101528550B (zh) * 2006-10-19 2012-01-25 利乐拉瓦尔集团及财务有限公司 盛放可倾倒食品的密封包装的制造工艺及执行该工艺的包装设备
RU2445244C2 (ru) * 2006-10-19 2012-03-20 Тетра Лаваль Холдингз Энд Файнэнс С.А. Способ изготовления запечатанных упаковок, содержащих текучий пищевой продукт, и упаковочное оборудование для осуществления такого способа
KR101429787B1 (ko) * 2006-10-19 2014-08-18 테트라 라발 홀딩스 앤드 피낭스 소시에떼아노님 유동성 식료품을 담는 밀봉 포장 용기를 제조하는 공정 및 그와 같은 공정을 수행하는 패키징 장비

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DE69400120D1 (de) 1996-05-02
EP0693424B1 (de) 1996-03-27
US5876317A (en) 1999-03-02
BR9503365A (pt) 1996-07-16
DE69400120T2 (de) 1996-10-10

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