EP0690806B1 - Wasserstrahlantrieb für wasserfahrzeuge mit steuerelementen zur richtungsänderung des vortrieb liefernden wasserstrahles - Google Patents

Wasserstrahlantrieb für wasserfahrzeuge mit steuerelementen zur richtungsänderung des vortrieb liefernden wasserstrahles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0690806B1
EP0690806B1 EP95906273A EP95906273A EP0690806B1 EP 0690806 B1 EP0690806 B1 EP 0690806B1 EP 95906273 A EP95906273 A EP 95906273A EP 95906273 A EP95906273 A EP 95906273A EP 0690806 B1 EP0690806 B1 EP 0690806B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water jet
propulsion unit
nozzle
pump
rotor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95906273A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0690806A1 (de
Inventor
Gerd Elger
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Individual
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H11/00—Marine propulsion by water jets
    • B63H11/02—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water
    • B63H11/10—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water having means for deflecting jet or influencing cross-section thereof
    • B63H11/107—Direction control of propulsive fluid
    • B63H11/113—Pivoted outlet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H11/00—Marine propulsion by water jets
    • B63H11/02—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water
    • B63H11/04—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water by means of pumps
    • B63H11/08—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water by means of pumps of rotary type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a water jet drive for watercraft according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Water jet drives for water vehicles in which the water drawn in and accelerated by a pump and swirled by a stator exits as a directed jet through a nozzle influencing its direction, are widely known.
  • US Pat. No. 4,992,065 shows a water jet drive with a nozzle connected downstream of the stator and pivotably mounted about a vertical axis, the outlet opening of which can be changed via flaps pivotable about a horizontal axis until the direction of the jet is reversed for the purpose of controlled backward travel.
  • Simpler training e.g. B. in the form of two flaps downstream of the outlet opening, each pivotable about vertical axes - cf. GB 1 190 735 - result in a completely inadequate steering effect of the water jet drive when the watercraft is stationary and traveling slowly.
  • control nozzle In order to avoid flow losses, it is also known to construct the control nozzle from concentrically mounted spherical surfaces, which is also complex and requires complicated control and sealing elements; see. DE 26 44 743 A1.
  • control elements have at least one nozzle which is axially displaceable between a maximum and a minimum open position, a drive which enables the pump rotor to be driven clockwise or counterclockwise and a gear which enables the nozzle and the pump load-bearing housing include pivoting movements that allow at least + - 90 ° perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the pump.
  • the pump is assigned a mirror-image and identically arranged nozzle upstream and downstream, and both nozzles are axially displaceable independently of one another such that when one nozzle, eg. B. in the axial open position, the other nozzle in the direction of the minimum open position and vice versa.
  • the rotor of the pump can be driven both clockwise and counterclockwise via a transfer gear designed as a cardan gear, the gear branches of which can be activated via a sliding clutch, the drive shaft of the transfer gear being the pivot axis lying approximately perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor of the water jet drive.
  • each of the axially displaceable nozzles forms a conical lateral surface, the pitch angle of which corresponds to the pitch of the facing free ends of the blades of the stator and the purpose of the pump housing in the region of the free ends of the blades of the respective stator to support the respective stator Formation of an annular channel located between the nozzle and the housing wall expanded radially outwards.
  • the power transmission between the transfer case and the rotor takes place via ring gears arranged in each case in the stators; see. DE 42 41 724 A1.
  • the pump is assigned only one axially displaceable nozzle and the axes of the pump and stator enclose an angle ⁇ , all in such an arrangement that when the direction of rotation of the pump changes, the pump reverses the direction of travel from "forward""Backward” the enema the water jet drive can be used as an outlet nozzle, while the nozzle with its ring channel serves as an inlet.
  • the design of the water jet drive according to the invention has a number of advantages.
  • the water jet drive according to the invention acts as an active rudder, since it can be used for both forward and reverse travel depending on the direction of rotation of the pump rotor, the rotor blades being designed in such a way that they are most efficient for the forward travel of the Have watercraft, as described and shown for example in GB 1 145 237 for bow thruster.
  • the amount of water supplied to the stator acting as a guide is regulated on the inlet side of the downstream nozzle, while the pressure side, i.e. upstream nozzle, is displaced towards the rotor with increasing speed of the watercraft, and the effect of the ring channel working as an additional nozzle is thus more and more switched off until the nozzle on the pressure side only functions as a thrust nozzle during the cruise.
  • the inlet acts as a thrust nozzle when reversing after the jet has been untwisted by means of the stator, the advantage of the water jet drive acting as an active rudder also being fully retained here.
  • the design of the water jet drive according to the invention is equally well suited for all power units, with the symmetrical design of the axially displaceable nozzles and the associated stators making cost-effective manufacture, simple assembly and maintenance possible in the simplest way, by means of the quantity control which is possible with the axially displaceable nozzles, optimum smooth running and lowest fuel consumption are achieved, both for forward and backward as well as for maneuvering, with those for stationary thrust, for acceleration, for slow - and march required amount of water can be adjusted in the simplest way.
  • the water jet propulsion system according to the invention can therefore be used equally well as a main propulsion system with active and stern thruster or as an auxiliary propulsion system.
  • the ring channel as an additional nozzle on the respective pressure side, the cross-section is released for a large amount of water when the watercraft starts up, while the flow through the ring channel becomes increasingly smaller due to the narrowing of the water access to the additional nozzle due to the displacement of the nozzle. until it only takes place through the nozzle during the cruise, which must be optimally designed for this operating area.
  • the entire drive unit is pivotally mounted in the floor of the watercraft to be driven, the pivoting being made possible by means of a toothed belt or vertical shaft, a completely continuous control process is achieved when the rotor changes direction of rotation and at the same time the nozzles are moved from drive ahead to drive back.
  • the amount of water to be supplied to the rotor is regulated by the displaceable inlet-side, ie downstream nozzle, assigned to the inlet-side stator - acting as a diffuser.
  • the supply of pressurized water to the ring channel - as already mentioned - is controlled in such a way that optimal amounts of water are enforced both in the approach area and when traveling slowly, so that desired driving speeds can be reached quickly.
  • nozzles and the associated stators design the nozzles each cleanly on the pressure side on the conically shaped stator blades and fix them concentrically in their maximum working position and thus keep them streamlined.
  • the simple, symmetrical design of the drive unit ensures thrust of the same size, regardless of the direction of travel forward, backward and / or sideways.
  • the water jet drive according to the invention can be used equally well in large ships, in mega yachts and in sailing boats, with the latter the drive unit being designed to be extendable from the boat hull so that it can be retracted when sailing.
  • the part of the boat floor covering the drive which is known per se, is to be made retractable and extendable in order to obtain a smooth underwater ship for sailing.
  • Another advantage of the design of the water jet drive according to the invention can be seen in the fact that semi-axial pumps can be used in fast gliding boats and sports yachts because of the variable speeds. It is also of particular importance there that by axially adjusting the nozzle and thus partially acting on the ring channel as an additional nozzle, the respectively required amounts of water or water speeds for the rapid acceleration at the start, for which come out of the water, at the transition to sliding and when the maximum speed is reached, the nozzle arrangement of the water jet drive according to the invention acts analogously to an adjusting nozzle, without any flap mechanism.
  • Another advantage of the design of the water jet drive according to the invention can be seen in the fact that, when used as a bow thruster, it requires the smallest switching times for switching from port to starboard, since still water is supplied to the rotor in the shortest possible way via the ring channel; an effective propellant jet can therefore be generated immediately without first decelerating the total amount of water to zero and only then accelerating to the maximum thrust.
  • the parts used for power transmission can be made compact and double-bearing in a simple manner and the assembly is extremely simple since, after the movable parts have been plugged in or retracted, run on bushings that are pressed into the stators, only the housing parts forming the housing are to be connected to one another, so that a simple and robust design of all parts, their rational manufacture and their easy interchangeability are ensured.
  • a water jet drive generally designated by the reference number 10 in FIGS. 1 to 3, comprises in a housing 11 a pump 12 with a rotor 14 rotatably mounted in a hub 13, to which a stator 15 and 16 held by the housing is connected upstream and downstream, whose correspondingly curved stator blades 18 form the rigid connection between the housing 11 and the hub 13 - as shown in particular in FIG. 2.
  • the water jet drive according to the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2 each comprises a cone-shaped nozzle 20 and 21, which is mounted on the housing 11 from a minimal, axially displaceable to a maximum open position, for which purpose hydraulic cylinders 23 and 24, which are arranged in pairs between the housing and nozzle, are used; see. Fig. 2.
  • the angle of inclination ⁇ of the conical lateral surfaces of the nozzles 20 and 21 is chosen such that this corresponds to the angle of inclination ⁇ 'of the outer edges of the respectively exposed ends 27 and 28 of the stator blades 18 of the stator 15 and 16; see. Fig. 1.
  • the nozzle 20 is shown in the minimal open position, in which the inner circumferential surface of the nozzle 20 rests approximately in half and is thereby fixed concentrically and held in a streamlined manner.
  • the nozzle 21 - left half of FIG. 1 - is shown in its maximum open position, in which the stator is completely free of the nozzle; this position corresponds to the view according to FIG. 2.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show that an additional ring channel 25 and 26 is formed there, namely between the outer wall of the housing 11 and the outer surface of the respective nozzle 20 or 21.
  • this ring channel serves as an additional nozzle on the pressure side for accelerating the journey from a standing position and on the suction side as a variable inlet of the water jet drive.
  • the drive of the rotor 14 serves, as shown in particular in FIG. 2, in the stators so-called ring gears 30 and 31, which can be driven alternately by means of intermediate gears 33 and 34 via a transfer gear 36 designed as a cardan drive.
  • a sliding clutch 38 is used, which alternately switches the right and left branches of the transfer case to a vertical shaft drive 39, which is in drive connection via a drive shaft 40 with a drive machine, not shown, of the watercraft, also not shown.
  • the rotor 14 Via the ring gear 30 or 31, the rotor 14 is driven clockwise or counterclockwise depending on the switching position of the sliding clutch 38.
  • the blades of the rotor 14 are designed such that they have the greatest efficiency for the forward movement of the watercraft.
  • the water jet drive described above is mounted on the watercraft, not shown, in a manner known per se around the vertical shaft 39 forming a rotary bearing for the water jet drive, in each case by + - 90 ° in the direction of the double arrow 41.
  • the further exemplary embodiment of the water jet drive 10 ′ shown in FIG. 3 likewise has a pump with a rotor 14 which is rotatably mounted on a hub 13.
  • Two stators 15 and 16 held by the housing 11 are also connected upstream and downstream of the rotor, their Correspondingly curved stator blades 18 form the rigid connection between the housing 11 and the hub 13.
  • the pitch angle ⁇ of the conical surface of the nozzle is selected so that it corresponds to the pitch angle ⁇ 'of the outer edges of the exposed ends 27 of the stator blades of the stator, see FIG. 1.
  • the inlet 53 is formed by the downstream housing part 52 of the housing 11 , which is elliptically shaped there.
  • the rotor 14 is driven via ring gears 30 and 31 mounted in the stators, which can be driven alternately by means of intermediate gears and via a transfer gear 36 designed as a cardan gear, as already described in connection with FIG.
  • a sliding clutch 38 is also provided there, which switches the right or left branch of the transfer case to a vertical shaft drive 39, which is in drive connection via a drive shaft 40 with a drive machine, not shown here, of the watercraft 50, which is only shown schematically.
  • the entire water jet drive can be pivoted by + - 90 ° about the vertical shaft 39 forming a rotary bearing for the water jet drive.
  • the nozzle 21 in its maximum open position forms the inlet together with the annular channel 26, while the upstream nozzle 20 in its minimum open position exits the water jet which is accelerated by the rotor 14 and untwisted by the stator 16 leaves, in the working position shown - as Figure 2 also shows - the annular channel 25 between the wall of the housing 11 and the outer surface of the nozzle 21 is present.
  • the water jet drive has the largest outlet opening. Both nozzles can be adjusted independently of one another by means of the hydraulic cylinders 23 and 24 arranged in pairs in such a way that the amount of water entering and leaving the outlet side can be regulated in accordance with the driving conditions desired in each case.
  • the nozzles 20 and 21 can thus be displaced by means of the hydraulic cylinders in such a way that the pressure-side nozzle with the associated stator as the outlet nozzle and the suction-side nozzle with the associated stator, which now acts as a guide device, serve as an inlet for forward travel, while simultaneously reversing the Direction of rotation of the rotor reverses this effect, the amount of water supplied can be regulated by axially shifting the respective inlet-side nozzle.
  • the stators upstream or downstream of the rotor of the pump accordingly work accordingly as a guide or stator and vice versa, depending on the direction of thrust of the water jet drive, the amount of water supplied to the rotor with the required pre-twist adjustable by changing the axial position of the nozzle in question is.
  • the ring channel which can be changed by moving the pressure-side nozzle, enables an adjustable cross-sectional change in accordance with the amount of water required for a desired driving speed.
  • the nozzle 20 from the maximum to the minimum open position - z. B. also by means of hydraulic cylinders -, axially shifted, which corresponds to the driving state "full speed ahead".
  • the ring channel 25 is closed, as shown in FIG. 3 above.
  • the nozzle 20 with the ring channel 25 open is used for the inlet and the inlet 53 is used by means of the stator 15 as an outlet nozzle for the reverse travel, the functions of the stator and nozzle are therefore reversed, as above for the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS 2 described.
  • nozzles 20 and 21 rigidly and to assign them a thrust change slide, not shown here, which can be pushed back and forth in the ring channels 25 and 26 described above, and which consists of two mirror images arranged the nozzles from the outside encompassing bushes which are rigidly connected to one another via rods and each conical in accordance with the angles ⁇ and ⁇ 'described above Have inner lateral surfaces which correspond to the conical outer lateral surfaces of the nozzles.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
EP95906273A 1994-01-28 1995-01-24 Wasserstrahlantrieb für wasserfahrzeuge mit steuerelementen zur richtungsänderung des vortrieb liefernden wasserstrahles Expired - Lifetime EP0690806B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4402558 1994-01-28
DE4402558A DE4402558A1 (de) 1994-01-28 1994-01-28 Wasserstrahlantrieb für Wasserfahrzeuge mit Steuerelementen zur Richtungsänderung des Vortrieb liefernden Wasserstrahles
PCT/DE1995/000099 WO1995020520A1 (de) 1994-01-28 1995-01-24 Wasserstrahlantrieb für wasserfahrzeuge mit steuerelementen zur richtungsänderung des vortrieb liefernden wasserstrahles

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0690806A1 EP0690806A1 (de) 1996-01-10
EP0690806B1 true EP0690806B1 (de) 1997-10-29

Family

ID=6508916

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95906273A Expired - Lifetime EP0690806B1 (de) 1994-01-28 1995-01-24 Wasserstrahlantrieb für wasserfahrzeuge mit steuerelementen zur richtungsänderung des vortrieb liefernden wasserstrahles

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5649843A (ja)
EP (1) EP0690806B1 (ja)
JP (1) JPH11505485A (ja)
DE (2) DE4402558A1 (ja)
WO (1) WO1995020520A1 (ja)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6331543B1 (en) * 1996-11-01 2001-12-18 Nitromed, Inc. Nitrosated and nitrosylated phosphodiesterase inhibitors, compositions and methods of use
US6171159B1 (en) 1999-09-07 2001-01-09 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Steering and backing systems for waterjet craft with underwater discharge
US6953767B2 (en) * 2001-03-01 2005-10-11 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. Silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieve
US6812372B2 (en) 2001-03-01 2004-11-02 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. Silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieve
US20050096214A1 (en) * 2001-03-01 2005-05-05 Janssen Marcel J. Silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieve
JP3974361B2 (ja) * 2001-09-18 2007-09-12 本田技研工業株式会社 ジェット推進艇
GB2401830A (en) * 2003-05-19 2004-11-24 Gibbs Tech Ltd A jet drive for an amphibious vehicle
US6991499B2 (en) * 2003-09-16 2006-01-31 Honeywell International, Inc. Waterjet propulsion apparatus
US9459361B2 (en) * 2011-12-22 2016-10-04 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Facilitating operation of a seismic source
CN114688043A (zh) * 2022-04-09 2022-07-01 朱振洪 一种具有预旋的测试装置

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE722842C (de) * 1937-10-10 1942-07-23 Hermann Heinrich Duese fuer eine Schiffsschraube
US3249083A (en) * 1963-12-16 1966-05-03 Outboard Marine Corp Marine jet propulsion
US3362371A (en) * 1965-10-22 1968-01-09 Tamco Ltd Fluid pump for watercraft
GB1190735A (en) * 1966-05-07 1970-05-06 Ua Engineering Ltd Improvements in or relating to Steering Means for Vessels employing Hydraulic Jet Propulsion
GB1149136A (en) * 1966-10-20 1969-04-16 H C F Porsche K G Ing Improvements in or relating to screw drive for boats
US3605672A (en) * 1968-12-02 1971-09-20 William P Strumbos Directional control apparatus
US3593686A (en) * 1969-08-28 1971-07-20 Euvon G Cooper System for laterally maneuvering a watercraft hull
DE2644743A1 (de) * 1976-10-04 1978-04-06 Schubert Siegfried Abstroemkanal fuer den wasserstrahl- reaktionsantrieb eines wasserfahrzeuges
WO1984001759A1 (en) * 1982-10-27 1984-05-10 Skrinjar Designers Constructor Hydro jet
JPS6160392A (ja) * 1984-08-31 1986-03-28 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd サイドスラスタ−
SE457166B (sv) * 1987-05-21 1988-12-05 Mjp Marine Jet Power Handelsbo Reverseringsanordning foer ett straaldriftsaggregat foer fartyg
DE3735409C2 (de) * 1987-10-20 1996-11-28 Schottel Werft Wasserstrahlantrieb
JPH01262290A (ja) * 1988-04-13 1989-10-19 Toshiba Corp ウォータジェット推進機
JPH02124395A (ja) * 1988-10-31 1990-05-11 Toshiba Corp ウォータージェット推進器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0690806A1 (de) 1996-01-10
WO1995020520A1 (de) 1995-08-03
US5649843A (en) 1997-07-22
JPH11505485A (ja) 1999-05-21
DE59500892D1 (de) 1997-12-04
DE4402558A1 (de) 1995-08-03

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