EP0672781B1 - Cable for lifts - Google Patents

Cable for lifts Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0672781B1
EP0672781B1 EP95101891A EP95101891A EP0672781B1 EP 0672781 B1 EP0672781 B1 EP 0672781B1 EP 95101891 A EP95101891 A EP 95101891A EP 95101891 A EP95101891 A EP 95101891A EP 0672781 B1 EP0672781 B1 EP 0672781B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cable
rope
strands
sheathing
strand layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95101891A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0672781B2 (en
EP0672781A1 (en
Inventor
Claudio Dipl.-Ing. De Angelis
Ernst Ing. Htl Ach
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Inventio AG
Original Assignee
Inventio AG
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Priority claimed from PCT/CH1994/000044 external-priority patent/WO1994020770A1/en
Priority claimed from CH02578/94A external-priority patent/CH690010A5/en
Application filed by Inventio AG filed Critical Inventio AG
Publication of EP0672781A1 publication Critical patent/EP0672781A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/16—Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics
    • D07B1/165—Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics characterised by a plastic or rubber inlay
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B7/00—Other common features of elevators
    • B66B7/06—Arrangements of ropes or cables
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/02—Ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material, e.g. of vegetable origin, of animal origin, regenerated cellulose, plastics
    • D07B1/025—Ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material, e.g. of vegetable origin, of animal origin, regenerated cellulose, plastics comprising high modulus, or high tenacity, polymer filaments or fibres, e.g. liquid-crystal polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/16—Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics
    • D07B1/162—Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics characterised by a plastic or rubber enveloping sheathing
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B5/00—Making ropes or cables from special materials or of particular form
    • D07B5/005—Making ropes or cables from special materials or of particular form characterised by their outer shape or surface properties
    • D07B5/006—Making ropes or cables from special materials or of particular form characterised by their outer shape or surface properties by the properties of an outer surface polymeric coating
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/10—Rope or cable structures
    • D07B2201/1012—Rope or cable structures characterised by their internal structure
    • D07B2201/102—Rope or cable structures characterised by their internal structure including a core
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/10—Rope or cable structures
    • D07B2201/1028—Rope or cable structures characterised by the number of strands
    • D07B2201/1036—Rope or cable structures characterised by the number of strands nine or more strands respectively forming multiple layers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/10—Rope or cable structures
    • D07B2201/1092—Parallel strands
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2015—Strands
    • D07B2201/2024—Strands twisted
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2071—Spacers
    • D07B2201/2074—Spacers in radial direction
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
    • D07B2205/20—Organic high polymers
    • D07B2205/2046—Polyamides, e.g. nylons
    • D07B2205/205—Aramides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
    • D07B2205/20—Organic high polymers
    • D07B2205/2064—Polyurethane resins
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2401/00—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage
    • D07B2401/20—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage related to ropes or cables
    • D07B2401/2065—Reducing wear
    • D07B2401/207—Reducing wear internally
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2501/00—Application field
    • D07B2501/20—Application field related to ropes or cables
    • D07B2501/2007—Elevators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rope as a suspension element for lifts, one end of the rope with a cabin or Load handler is connected and load-bearing strands of the rope made of synthetic fibers and enclosed by an all around Sheathing made of plastic are surrounded.
  • steel cables are used in elevator construction the cabins or the load handling devices and counterweights, in simplest case 1: 1, are connected.
  • steel cables have some disadvantages.
  • the high dead weight of the steel rope is the lifting height of one Elevator system set limits.
  • the coefficient of friction between the metal traction sheave and the steel cable like this low that through various measures such as special Groove shapes or special groove feedings in the Traction sheave or by increasing the wrap angle the coefficient of friction must be increased.
  • the steel cable also works between the drive and the elevator car as a sound bridge, which means a reduction in driving comfort. Around Reducing undesirable effects requires more effort constructive measures.
  • steel ropes endure the synthetic fiber ropes, a lower number of bending cycles, are the Corrosion exposed and must be serviced regularly.
  • the CH-PS 495 911 is an insert ring for lining the Wire rope grooves of rope pulleys for cable cars and lifts has become known, which is used to dampen noise and Protection of the wire ropes is made of elastic material.
  • the insert ring Around to ensure better dissipation of internal heat the insert ring from several, spaced apart Individual segments built up. That occurred as a result of warming Expansion of the insert ring is determined by the distances between compensated for the individual segments.
  • When loaded by the Wire rope can insert the elastic material into the incisions dodge and is relieved to a certain extent, so that there are no cracks in the rope groove. At local Wear of the insert ring must have individual segments be replaced.
  • the rope described above cannot be used in practice driven suspension means used for lifts or loads become. There is none over the hose jacket surrounding the strands Traction possible. The binding forces between the hose jacket and the strands are so light that the load is mainly from Coat would have to be worn, resulting in unmanageable Coat shifts and thus after a short time to coat breakage and leads to the rope falling apart. Likewise, at Overdo the rope on the traction sheave only the sheath driven; the strands stop. They continue large voids between the strands under load to one Deformation of the rope, the strands shift against each other, the rope twists and jumps Relief from the grooves of the traction sheave.
  • the invention has for its object a rope Suspension for lifts of the type mentioned at the beginning propose which does not have the aforementioned disadvantages and by means of which the driving comfort is increased. This object is achieved by the in claim 1 characterized invention solved.
  • the advantages achieved by the invention are in essential to see that one of several layers existing, covered synthetic fiber rope, the strands untreated or treated with an impregnating agent, compared to steel cables a much higher load capacity and is almost maintenance-free.
  • a sheathing 2 surrounds an outermost one Strand layer 3.
  • the sheath 2 made of plastic, preferably Polyurethane, increases the coefficient of friction of the rope 1 on the Traction sheave.
  • the outermost strand layer 3 must be so high Binding forces to the sheath 2 have that this by the shear forces occurring when the rope 1 is loaded does not shift or builds up. This Binding forces are achieved by the plastic sheathing 2 is injected (extruded) so that all gaps between the strands 4 are filled and a large one Holding surface is formed.
  • the strands 4 are made of individual Aramid fibers 5 twisted or beaten.
  • Every single strand 4 is used to protect the fibers 5 with an impregnating agent, e.g. Treated polyurethane solution.
  • the ability to change bends of the rope 1 depends on the proportion of the polyurethane each strand 4. The higher the proportion of polyurethane, the more the alternating bending power becomes higher. With increasing However, the polyurethane content reduces the load-bearing capacity and the E-module of the synthetic fiber rope 1.
  • the polyurethane portion for Impregnation of the strands 4 can, depending on the desired Alternating bending power e.g. between ten and sixty percent lie.
  • the individual strands 4 can expediently be also through a braided cover made of polyester fibers to be protected.
  • elevator ropes Unlike pure tether ropes, elevator ropes have to be very compact and twisted or braided so that they are open do not deform the traction sheave or as a result of Self-twist or distraction begin to turn.
  • the gaps and voids between the individual layers of the strands 4 are therefore by means of filling strands 9, which against other strands 4 can be supportive, filled to an almost circular strand layer 6 and the degree of filling to increase.
  • These fillets 9 are made of plastic, e.g. made of polyamide.
  • Aramid fibers 4 have a high tensile strength. in the In contrast to steel, the aramid fiber 5 has due to its atomic structure, however, a rather low transverse strength.
  • Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of the structure of the Synthetic fiber rope according to the invention 1.
  • the aramid fibers 5 twisted or strands 4 are included Fillets 9 left or right around a soul 10 in layers beaten to the right.
  • Between an inner and the Outermost strand layer 3 is the friction-reducing Intermediate jacket 7 attached.
  • the outermost strand layer 3 is covered by the casing 2.
  • To determine a surface 11 of the defined coefficient of friction Sheath 2 can be structured.
  • the task the casing 2 is the desired coefficient of friction to ensure the traction sheave and the strands 4 before mechanical and chemical damage and UV rays to protect. The load is only through the strands 4 worn.
  • the rope 1 constructed from aramid fibers 5 has with the same cross section compared to a steel cable a much higher load capacity and only a fifth to one sixth of the specific weight. For the same Load capacity can therefore be the diameter of a Synthetic fiber rope 1 compared to a conventional steel rope be reduced.
  • Another embodiment of the synthetic fiber rope 1 is in the different design of the casing 2.
  • each individual strand 4 instead of surrounding the entire outermost strand layer 3 to use sheath 2, each individual strand 4 with a separate, completely closed jacket, preferably made of polyurethane or polyamide.
  • the further construction of the synthetic fiber rope 1 remains identical to that in Fig.1 and Fig.2 described embodiment.
  • FIG 3 shows a schematic representation of a Elevator system.
  • Cabin 13 is powered by a drive motor 14
  • Traction sheave 15 via the synthetic fiber rope 1 according to the invention driven.
  • At the other end of the rope 1 hangs Counterweight 16 as a balancing element.
  • the coefficient of friction between Rope 1 and traction sheave 15 is now designed so that at a counterweight 16 placed on a buffer 17 further promotion of the cabin 13 is prevented.
  • the Attachment of the rope 1 to the cabin 13 and the counterweight 16 takes place via rope end connections 18.
  • the drive is attached to the counterweight or to the cabin, the Coefficient of friction between rope 1 and a deflection sheave so small as possible to keep the friction losses low.
  • the deflection disc does not transmit anything Driving torque on the rope 1.
  • the Jacket 2 to reduce the coefficient of friction instead of Polyurethane can also be made from polyamide.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of a Elevator system with a 2: 1 cover.
  • Rope end connections 18 for the synthetic fiber rope 1 are at this arrangement not on the cabin 13 and on the counterweight 16, but attached to the upper shaft end 19.
  • FIG. 5 shows the synthetic fiber rope 1 according to the invention on the Traction sheave 15 in cross section.
  • the shape of a groove 20 the traction sheave coupled to the drive motor 14 of the elevator 15 is for optimal fitting of the rope 1 preferably semicircular. Since the rope 1 under load slightly deformed on the contact surface, an oval can also be used Groove shape can be selected. These simple groove shapes can be used because the plastic jacket 2 a generated a sufficiently large coefficient of friction. At the same time due to the high friction coefficient of the wrap angle of the Reduce the rope 1 on the traction sheave 15.
  • the groove shape the traction sheave 15 can be used for lifts of various loads be carried out the same because the coefficient of friction by the Surface structure 11 and the material of the casing 2 is determined.
  • the lower Wrap angle and the low weight of the Synthetic fiber rope 1 can be further reductions in Realize the area of the drives.
  • the required start-up or. Torques and the moments on the shaft of Gear machines decrease significantly. As a result, they decrease Starting currents or the total energy requirement. this in turn allows a reduction in engine and transmission sizes and the size of the converter feeding the motors.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)
  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Flexible Shafts (AREA)
  • Types And Forms Of Lifts (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
  • Handcart (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
  • Supports For Pipes And Cables (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

A cable to support and carry a lift or elevator cage has carrier strands (4) of synthetic fibres. The surrounding shrouding (2) is of plastic, pref. polyurethane.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Seil als Tragmittel für Aufzüge, wobei das eine Seilende mit einer Kabine bzw. Lastaufnahmemittel verbunden ist und tragende Litzen des Seils aus Kunstfasern bestehen und von einer ringsum geschlossenen Ummantelung aus Kunststoff umgeben sind.The invention relates to a rope as a suspension element for lifts, one end of the rope with a cabin or Load handler is connected and load-bearing strands of the rope made of synthetic fibers and enclosed by an all around Sheathing made of plastic are surrounded.

Bis heute werden im Aufzugsbau Stahlseile verwendet, welche mit den Kabinen bzw. den Lastaufnahmemitteln und Gegengewichten, im einfachsten Fall 1:1, verbunden sind. Die Verwendung von Stahlseilen bringt jedoch einige Nachteile mit sich. Durch das hohe Eigengewicht des Stahlseiles sind der Hubhöhe einer Aufzugsanlage Grenzen gesetzt. Desweitern ist der Reibwert zwischen der metallenen Treibscheibe und dem Stahlseil so gering, dass durch verschiedene Massnahmen wie spezielle Rillenformen oder spezielle Rillenfütterungen in der Treibscheibe oder durch Vergrössern des Umschlingungswinkels der Reibwert erhöht werden muss. Ausserdem wirkt das Stahlseil zwischen dem Antrieb und der Aufzugskabine als Schallbrücke, was eine Minderung des Fahrkomforts bedeutet. Um diese unerwünschten Wirkungen zu reduzieren, bedarf es aufwendiger konstruktiver Massnahmen. Zudem ertragen Stahlseile, gegenüber den Kunstfaserseilen, eine geringere Biegezyklenzahl, sind der Korrosion ausgesetzt und müssen regelmässig gewartet werden.To this day, steel cables are used in elevator construction the cabins or the load handling devices and counterweights, in simplest case 1: 1, are connected. The use of However, steel cables have some disadvantages. By the high dead weight of the steel rope is the lifting height of one Elevator system set limits. Furthermore, the coefficient of friction between the metal traction sheave and the steel cable like this low that through various measures such as special Groove shapes or special groove feedings in the Traction sheave or by increasing the wrap angle the coefficient of friction must be increased. The steel cable also works between the drive and the elevator car as a sound bridge, which means a reduction in driving comfort. Around Reducing undesirable effects requires more effort constructive measures. In addition, steel ropes endure the synthetic fiber ropes, a lower number of bending cycles, are the Corrosion exposed and must be serviced regularly.

Mit der CH-PS 495 911 ist ein Einlagering zur Auskleidung der Drahtseilrillen von Seilrollen für Seilbahnen und Aufzüge bekanntgeworden, der zur Dämpfung der Geräusche und zur Schonung der Drahtseile aus elastischem Material besteht. Um eine bessere Ableitung der inneren Wärme zu gewährleisten, ist der Einlagering aus mehreren, voneinander distanzierten Einzelsegmenten aufgebaut. Die infolge von Erwärmung erfolgte Ausdehnung des Einlageringes wird durch die Abstände zwischen den einzelnen Segmenten kompensiert. Bei Belastung durch das Drahtseil kann das elastische Material in die Einschnitte ausweichen und wird dadurch gewissermassen entlastet, so dass auch keine Risse in der Seilrille entstehen. Bei örtlichen Abnutzungen des Einlageringes müssen einzelne Segmente ausgewechselt werden.The CH-PS 495 911 is an insert ring for lining the Wire rope grooves of rope pulleys for cable cars and lifts has become known, which is used to dampen noise and Protection of the wire ropes is made of elastic material. Around to ensure better dissipation of internal heat the insert ring from several, spaced apart Individual segments built up. That occurred as a result of warming Expansion of the insert ring is determined by the distances between compensated for the individual segments. When loaded by the Wire rope can insert the elastic material into the incisions dodge and is relieved to a certain extent, so that there are no cracks in the rope groove. At local Wear of the insert ring must have individual segments be replaced.

Bei der vorstehend beschriebenen Erfindung wird weiterhin ein Stahlseil als Tragmittel verwendet, welches die eingangs genannten Nachteile aufweist. Desweitern wird durch die geringe Länge der Lauffläche der Seilrolle im Verhältnis zur Länge des Stahlseils die elastische Einlage stark abgenutzt und muss somit oft ersetzt werden, was hohe Wartungskosten mit sich bringt.In the invention described above, a Steel cable used as a suspension element, which the entrance has disadvantages mentioned. Furthermore, the low Length of the tread of the rope pulley in relation to the length of the Steel rope, the elastic insert is heavily worn and must thus often replaced, which entails high maintenance costs brings.

Mit der DE 24 55 273 ist ein Kranseil aus Kunststoff bekanntgeworden, das insbesondere beim ständigen Lauf über kleine Seilrollen, eine hohe Lebensdauer haben soll. Einzelne tragende Kunststofflitzen werden zu einem Seil geschlagen und sind von einem schlauchförmigem Kunststoffmantel umgeben.DE 24 55 273 is a crane rope made of plastic became known, especially in the constant run over small pulleys, should have a long service life. Separate load-bearing plastic strands are tied into a rope and are surrounded by a tubular plastic jacket.

Das oben beschriebene Seil kann in der Praxis nicht als angetriebenes Tragmittel für Aufzüge oder Lasten verwendet werden. Über den die Litzen umgebenden Schlauchmantel ist keine Traktion möglich. Die Bindekräfte zwischen dem Schlauchmantel und den Litzen sind so gering, dass die Last hauptsächlich vom Mantel getragen werden müsste, was zu nicht beherrschbaren Mantelverschiebungen und somit nach kurzer Zeit zum Mantelbruch und zum Auseinanderfallen des Seils führt. Ebenso wird beim Übertreiben des Seils auf der Treibscheibe nur der Mantel angetrieben; die Litzen bleiben stehen. Weiter führen die grossen Hohlräume zwischen den Litzen unter Last zu einer Verformung des Seils, die Litzen verschieben sich gegeneinander, das Seil verdreht sich und springt bei Entlastung aus den Rillen der Treibscheibe.The rope described above cannot be used in practice driven suspension means used for lifts or loads become. There is none over the hose jacket surrounding the strands Traction possible. The binding forces between the hose jacket and the strands are so light that the load is mainly from Coat would have to be worn, resulting in unmanageable Coat shifts and thus after a short time to coat breakage and leads to the rope falling apart. Likewise, at Overdo the rope on the traction sheave only the sheath driven; the strands stop. They continue large voids between the strands under load to one Deformation of the rope, the strands shift against each other, the rope twists and jumps Relief from the grooves of the traction sheave.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Seil als Tragmittel für Aufzüge der eingangs genannten Art vorzuschlagen, welches die vorgenannten Nachteile nicht aufweist und mittels welchem der Fahrkomfort erhöht wird. Diese Aufgabe wird durch die im Patentanspruch 1 gekennzeichnete Erfindung gelöst.The invention has for its object a rope Suspension for lifts of the type mentioned at the beginning propose which does not have the aforementioned disadvantages and by means of which the driving comfort is increased. This object is achieved by the in claim 1 characterized invention solved.

Die durch die Erfindung erreichten Vorteile sind im wesentlichen darin zu sehen, dass ein aus mehreren Lagen bestehendes, ummanteltes Kunstfaserseil, dessen Litzen unbehandelt oder mit einem Imprägniermittel behandelt sind, gegenüber Stahlseilen eine wesentlich höhere Tragfähigkeit aufweist und nahezu wartungsfrei ist.The advantages achieved by the invention are in essential to see that one of several layers existing, covered synthetic fiber rope, the strands untreated or treated with an impregnating agent, compared to steel cables a much higher load capacity and is almost maintenance-free.

Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Massnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen des im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Kunstfaserseils möglich. Die Ummantelung des Kunstfaserseils erzeugt auf der Treibscheibe höhere Reibwerte, sodass die Umschlingung kleiner gehalten werden kann. Der Reibwert kann durch eine unterschiedliche Beschaffenheit der Ummantelungsoberfläche beeinflusst werden. Dadurch lassen sich die Treibscheiben vereinheitlichen, da keine unterschiedlichen Rillenformen mehr benötigt werden. Für Stahlseile muss der Treibscheibendurchmesser das 40-fache des Seildurchmessers betragen. Bei Verwendung von Kunstfaserseilen kann aufgrund ihrer Beschaffenheit der Treibscheibendurchmesser bedeutend kleiner gewählt werden. Kunstfaserseile erlauben gegenüber Stahlseilen, bei gleichen Durchmesserverhältnissen, eine wesentlich grössere Anzahl Biegewechsel. Durch das geringe Gewicht des Kunstfaserseils gegenüber einem Stahlseil kann neben einer Reduzierung der Anzahl Ausgleichsseile auch ein wesentlich geringeres Spanngewicht verwendet werden. Durch die obengenannten Verbesserungen ergibt sich für die Auslegung des Antriebs ein kleineres erforderliches Anlaufmoment und Drehmoment was folglich den Anlaufstrom bzw. den Energiebedarf senkt. Dadurch lassen sich die Antriebsmotoren in ihrer Baugrösse reduzieren. Zudem finden in einem Seil dieser Bauart keine Frequenzübertragungen statt, somit entfällt eine Anregung der Kabine über das Seil, was neben einer Erhöhung des Fahrkomforts auch eine Reduktion der konstruktiven Massnahmen zur Isolation der Kabine erlaubt.By the measures listed in the subclaims advantageous developments and improvements of claim 1 specified synthetic fiber rope possible. The Sheathing of the synthetic fiber rope created on the traction sheave higher coefficients of friction, so that the wrapping is kept smaller can be. The coefficient of friction can be different Influences the quality of the casing surface become. This allows the traction sheaves standardize since there are no different groove shapes more are needed. For steel cables, the Traction sheave diameter 40 times the rope diameter be. When using synthetic fiber ropes, due to the nature of the traction sheave diameter is significant be chosen smaller. Synthetic fiber ropes allow opposite Steel cables, with the same diameter ratios, one significantly larger number of bending changes. Because of the low Weight of the synthetic fiber rope compared to a steel rope can in addition to a reduction in the number of compensating ropes much lower tension weight can be used. By the above improvements result for the Design of the drive a smaller one required Starting torque and torque consequently the starting current or lowers energy requirements. This allows the Reduce the size of drive motors. Also find no frequency transmissions in a rope of this type instead of an excitation of the cabin via the Rope, which besides an increase in driving comfort also a Reduction of the constructive measures to isolate the Cabin allowed.

In der Zeichnung ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung dargestellt und im folgenden näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig.1
ein Schnitt durch ein erfindungsgemässes KunstfaserSeil,
Fig.2
eine perspektivische Darstellung des erfindungsgemässen Kunstfaserseils,
Fig.3
eine schematische Darstellung einer Aufzugsanlage,
Fig.4
eine schematische Darstellung einer Aufzugsanlage mit einer Umhängung von 2:1, und
Fig.5
ein Ausschnitt einer Treibscheibe mit daraufliegendem erfindungsgemässen Kunstfaserseil im Querschnitt.
In the drawing, an embodiment of the invention is shown and explained in more detail below. Show it:
Fig. 1
a section through an inventive synthetic fiber rope,
Fig. 2
2 shows a perspective view of the synthetic fiber rope according to the invention,
Fig. 3
1 shows a schematic representation of an elevator installation,
Fig. 4
is a schematic representation of an elevator system with a neck of 2: 1, and
Fig. 5
a section of a traction sheave with an inventive synthetic fiber rope in cross section.

Fig.1 zeigt einen Schnitt durch ein erfindungsgemässes Kunstfaserseil 1. Eine Ummantelung 2 umgibt eine äusserste Litzenlage 3. Die Ummantelung 2 aus Kunststoff, vorzugsweise Polyurethan, erhöht den Reibwert des Seiles 1 auf der Treibscheibe. Die äusserste Litzenlage 3 muss so hohe Bindekräfte zur Ummantelung 2 aufweisen, dass sich diese durch die bei Belastung des Seils 1 auftretenden Schubkräfte nicht verschiebt oder Aufstauchungen bildet. Diese Bindekräfte werden erreicht, indem die Kunststoffummantelung 2 aufgespritzt (extrudiert) wird, so dass alle Zwischenräume zwischen den Litzen 4 ausgefüllt sind und eine grosse Haltefläche gebildet wird. Die Litzen 4 werden aus einzelnen Aramidfasern 5 gedreht oder geschlagen. Jede einzelne Litze 4 wird zum Schutz der Fasern 5 mit einem Imprägniermittel, z.B. Polyurethanlösung, behandelt. Die Biegewechselfähigkeit des Seils 1 ist abhängig vom Anteil des Polyurethans an jeder Litze 4. Je höher der Anteil des Polyurethans, desto höher wird die Biegewechselleistung. Mit steigendem Polyurethananteil sinkt jedoch die Tragfähigkeit und der E-Modul des Kunstfaserseils 1. Der Polyurethananteil zur Imprägnierung der Litzen 4 kann je nach gewünschter Biegewechselleistung z.B. zwischen zehn und sechzig Prozent liegen. Zweckmässigerweise können die einzelnen Litzen 4 auch durch eine geflochtene Hülle aus Polyesterfasern geschützt werden.1 shows a section through a device according to the invention Synthetic fiber rope 1. A sheathing 2 surrounds an outermost one Strand layer 3. The sheath 2 made of plastic, preferably Polyurethane, increases the coefficient of friction of the rope 1 on the Traction sheave. The outermost strand layer 3 must be so high Binding forces to the sheath 2 have that this by the shear forces occurring when the rope 1 is loaded does not shift or builds up. This Binding forces are achieved by the plastic sheathing 2 is injected (extruded) so that all gaps between the strands 4 are filled and a large one Holding surface is formed. The strands 4 are made of individual Aramid fibers 5 twisted or beaten. Every single strand 4 is used to protect the fibers 5 with an impregnating agent, e.g. Treated polyurethane solution. The ability to change bends of the rope 1 depends on the proportion of the polyurethane each strand 4. The higher the proportion of polyurethane, the more the alternating bending power becomes higher. With increasing However, the polyurethane content reduces the load-bearing capacity and the E-module of the synthetic fiber rope 1. The polyurethane portion for Impregnation of the strands 4 can, depending on the desired Alternating bending power e.g. between ten and sixty percent lie. The individual strands 4 can expediently be also through a braided cover made of polyester fibers to be protected.

Um auf der Treibscheibe einen Verschleiss der Litzen durch gegenseitige Reibung aneinander zu vermeiden, wird zwischen der äussersten Litzenlage 3 und der inneren Litzenlage 6 deshalb ein reibungsmindernder Zwischenmantel 7 angebracht. Dieselbe reibungsmindernde Wirkung kann durch das Behandeln von Silikon der darunterliegenden Litzen 4 erzielt werden. Damit wird bei der äussersten Litzenlage 3 und bei inneren Litzenlagen 6, welche bei der Biegung des Seils an der Treibscheibe die meisten Relativbewegungen durchführen, der Verschleiss gering gehalten. Ein anderes Mittel zur Verhinderung von Reibungsverschleiss an den Litzen 4 könnte eine elastische Füllmasse sein, die die Litzen 4 miteinander verbindet ohne die Biegsamkeit des Seils 1 zu stark zu vermindern.To wear the strands through on the traction sheave Avoiding mutual friction between each other is between the outermost strand layer 3 and the inner strand layer 6 therefore a friction-reducing intermediate jacket 7 is attached. The same friction-reducing effect can be achieved through treatment of silicone of the underlying strands 4 can be achieved. So that with the outermost strand layer 3 and with inner Strand layers 6, which when bending the rope on the Traction sheave making most of the relative movements that Wear kept low. Another means of Prevention of frictional wear on the strands 4 could be an elastic filling compound, the strands 4 together connects too tightly without the flexibility of the rope 1 Reduce.

Anders als reine Halteseile müssen Aufzugseile sehr kompakt und fest gedreht bzw. geflochten werden, damit sie sich auf der Treibscheibe nicht verformen oder infolge des Eigendralls oder Ablenkung zu drehen beginnen. Die Lücken und Hohlräume zwischen den einzelnen Lagen der Litzen 4 werden daher mittels Füllitzen 9, welche gegen andere Litzen 4 stützend wirken können, ausgefüllt, um eine nahezu kreisförmige Litzenlage 6 zu erhalten und den Füllungsgrad zu erhöhen. Diese Füllitzen 9 bestehen aus Kunststoff, z.B. aus Polyamid.Unlike pure tether ropes, elevator ropes have to be very compact and twisted or braided so that they are open do not deform the traction sheave or as a result of Self-twist or distraction begin to turn. The gaps and voids between the individual layers of the strands 4 are therefore by means of filling strands 9, which against other strands 4 can be supportive, filled to an almost circular strand layer 6 and the degree of filling to increase. These fillets 9 are made of plastic, e.g. made of polyamide.

Die aus hochgradig orientierten Molekülketten bestehenden Aramidfasern 4 weisen eine hohe Zugfestigkeit auf. Im Gegensatz zu Stahl hat die Aramidfaser 5 aufgrund ihres atomaren Aufbaus jedoch eine eher geringe Querfestigkeit. The consisting of highly oriented molecular chains Aramid fibers 4 have a high tensile strength. in the In contrast to steel, the aramid fiber 5 has due to its atomic structure, however, a rather low transverse strength.

Aus diesem Grund können keine herkömmlichen Stahl-Seilschlösser zur Seilendbefestigung von Kunstfaserseilen 1 verwendet werden, da die in diesen Bauteilen wirkenden Klemmkräfte die Bruchlast des Seiles 1 stark reduzieren. Eine geeignete Seilendverbindung für Kunstfaserseile 1 ist bereits durch die PCT/CH94/00044 bekanntgeworden.For this reason, no conventional steel cable locks can be used for rope end fastening of synthetic fiber ropes 1 can be used, because the acting in these components Clamping forces greatly reduce the breaking load of the rope 1. A suitable rope end connection for synthetic fiber ropes 1 is already known from PCT / CH94 / 00044.

Fig.2 zeigt eine perspektivische Darstellung des Aufbaus des erfindungsgemässen Kunstfaserseils 1. Die aus Aramidfasern 5 gedrehten oder geschlagenen Litzen 4 werden inklusive der Füllitzen 9 um eine Seele 10 lagenweise links- oder rechtsgängig geschlagen. Zwischen einer inneren und der äussersten Litzenlage 3 wird der reibungsmindernde Zwischenmantel 7 angebracht. Die äusserste Litzenlage 3 wird durch die Ummantelung 2 abgedeckt. Zur Bestimmung eines definierten Reibwertes kann die Oberfläche 11 der Ummantelung 2 strukturiert ausgeführt werden. Die Aufgabe der Ummantelung 2 besteht darin, den gewünschten Reibwert zur Treibscheibe zu gewährleisten und die Litzen 4 vor mechanischen und chemischen Beschädigungen und UV-Strahlen zu schützen. Die Last wird ausschliesslich durch die Litzen 4 getragen. Das aus Aramidfasern 5 aufgebaute Seil 1 weist bei gleichem Querschnitt im Vergleich zu einem Stahlseil eine wesentlich höhere Tragfähigkeit und nur ein Fünftel bis ein Sechstel des spezifischen Gewichtes auf. Für die gleiche Tragfähigkeit kann deshalb der Durchmesser eines Kunstfaserseils 1 gegenüber einem herkömmlichen Stahlseil reduziert werden. Durch die Verwendung der obengenannten Materialien ist das Seil 1 gänzlich gegen Korrosion geschützt. Eine Wartung wie bei Stahlseilen, z.B. um die Seile zu fetten, ist nicht mehr notwendig.Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of the structure of the Synthetic fiber rope according to the invention 1. The aramid fibers 5 twisted or strands 4 are included Fillets 9 left or right around a soul 10 in layers beaten to the right. Between an inner and the Outermost strand layer 3 is the friction-reducing Intermediate jacket 7 attached. The outermost strand layer 3 is covered by the casing 2. To determine a surface 11 of the defined coefficient of friction Sheath 2 can be structured. The task the casing 2 is the desired coefficient of friction to ensure the traction sheave and the strands 4 before mechanical and chemical damage and UV rays to protect. The load is only through the strands 4 worn. The rope 1 constructed from aramid fibers 5 has with the same cross section compared to a steel cable a much higher load capacity and only a fifth to one sixth of the specific weight. For the same Load capacity can therefore be the diameter of a Synthetic fiber rope 1 compared to a conventional steel rope be reduced. By using the above Materials is the rope 1 completely against corrosion protected. Maintenance like steel cables, e.g. to the Greasing ropes is no longer necessary.

Eine andere Ausführungsart des Kunstfaserseils 1 besteht in der unterschiedlichen Ausgestaltung der Ummantelung 2. Another embodiment of the synthetic fiber rope 1 is in the different design of the casing 2.

Anstatt eine die gesamte äusserste Litzenlage 3 umgebende Ummantelung 2 zu verwenden, wird jede einzelne Litze 4 mit einem separaten, ringsum geschlossenen Mantel, vorzugsweise aus Polyurethan oder Polyamid, versehen. Der weitere Aufbau des Kunstfaserseils 1 bleibt jedoch identisch mit der in Fig.1 und Fig.2 beschriebenen Ausführungsart.Instead of surrounding the entire outermost strand layer 3 To use sheath 2, each individual strand 4 with a separate, completely closed jacket, preferably made of polyurethane or polyamide. The further construction of the synthetic fiber rope 1 remains identical to that in Fig.1 and Fig.2 described embodiment.

Fig.3 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung einer Aufzugsanlage. Eine in einem Aufzugsschacht 12 geführte Kabine 13 wird von einem Antriebsmotor 14 mit einer Treibscheibe 15 über das erfindungsgemässe Kunstfaserseil 1 angetrieben. Am anderen Ende des Seiles 1 hängt ein Gegengewicht 16 als Ausgleichsorgan. Der Reibwert zwischen Seil 1 und Treibscheibe 15 wird nun so ausgelegt, dass bei auf einem Puffer 17 aufgesetztem Gegengewicht 16 eine weitere Förderung der Kabine 13 verhindert wird. Die Befestigung des Seils 1 an der Kabine 13 und am Gegengewicht 16 erfolgt über Seilendverbindungen 18.3 shows a schematic representation of a Elevator system. One guided in an elevator shaft 12 Cabin 13 is powered by a drive motor 14 Traction sheave 15 via the synthetic fiber rope 1 according to the invention driven. At the other end of the rope 1 hangs Counterweight 16 as a balancing element. The coefficient of friction between Rope 1 and traction sheave 15 is now designed so that at a counterweight 16 placed on a buffer 17 further promotion of the cabin 13 is prevented. The Attachment of the rope 1 to the cabin 13 and the counterweight 16 takes place via rope end connections 18.

Wenn wie bei der Verwendung eines Linearmotors der Antrieb am Gegengewicht oder an der Kabine angebracht ist, soll der Reibwert zwischen Seil 1 und einer Umlenkscheibe so klein wie möglich sein, um die Reibungsverluste gering zu halten. Die Umlenkscheibe überträgt in diesem Fall kein Antriebsmoment auf das Seil 1. Zu diesem Zweck kann die Ummantelung 2 zur Reduzierung des Reibwertes anstelle von Polyurethan auch aus Polyamid gefertigt sein.If, like when using a linear motor, the drive is attached to the counterweight or to the cabin, the Coefficient of friction between rope 1 and a deflection sheave so small as possible to keep the friction losses low. In this case, the deflection disc does not transmit anything Driving torque on the rope 1. For this purpose the Jacket 2 to reduce the coefficient of friction instead of Polyurethane can also be made from polyamide.

Fig.4 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung einer Aufzugsanlage mit einer Umhängung von 2:1. Seilendverbindungen 18 für das Kunstfaserseil 1 werden bei dieser Anordnung nicht an der Kabine 13 und am Gegengewicht 16, sondern jeweils am oberen Schachtende 19 angebracht. 4 shows a schematic representation of a Elevator system with a 2: 1 cover. Rope end connections 18 for the synthetic fiber rope 1 are at this arrangement not on the cabin 13 and on the counterweight 16, but attached to the upper shaft end 19.

Fig.5 zeigt das erfindungsgemässe Kunstfaserseil 1 auf der Treibscheibe 15 im Querschnitt. Die Form einer Rille 20 der an den Antriebsmotor 14 des Aufzugs gekoppelten Treibscheibe 15 ist für eine optimale Anschmiegung des Seils 1 vorzugsweise halbrund. Da sich das Seil 1 unter Belastung auf der Auflagefläche etwas verformt, kann auch eine ovale Rillenform gewählt werden. Diese einfachen Rillenformen können verwendet werden, weil der Kunststoffmantel 2 ein genügend grosser Reibwert erzeugt. Zugleich lässt sich aufgrund der hohen Reibwerte der Umschlingungswinkel des Seils 1 an der Treibscheibe 15 reduzieren. Die Rillenform der Treibscheibe 15 kann für Aufzüge verschiedener Lasten gleich ausgeführt werden, da der Reibwert durch die Oberflächenstruktur 11 und das Material der Ummantelung 2 bestimmt wird. Damit kann auch eine im Einzelfall zu grosse Reibung reduziert werden, um eine Lastförderung bei aufgesetztem Gegengewicht zu verhindern (Aufsetzprobe). Zusätzlich kann die Treibscheibe 15, aufgrund des geringeren Seildurchmessers des Kunstfaserseiles 1 und dem damit verbundenen, kleiner möglichen Treibscheibendurchmesser, in ihren Abmessungen reduziert werden. Ein kleinerer Treibscheibendurchmesser führt zu einem kleineren Antriebs-Drehmoment und damit zu einer kleineren Motorgrösse. Auch wird die Produktion und Lagerhaltung der Treibscheiben 15 wesentlich vereinfacht und verbilligt. Durch die grosse Auflagefläche des Seils 1 in der Rille 20 ergeben sich ebenfalls kleinere Flächenpressungen, was die Lebensdauer von Seil 1 und Treibscheibe 15 erheblich verlängert. Das aus Aramidfasern 5 gefertigte Seil 1 erlaubt zudem keine Übertragung der von der Treibscheibe 15 ausgehenden Frequenzen. Somit entfällt eine den Fahrkomfort mindernde Anregung der Kabine 13 über das Seil 1. 5 shows the synthetic fiber rope 1 according to the invention on the Traction sheave 15 in cross section. The shape of a groove 20 the traction sheave coupled to the drive motor 14 of the elevator 15 is for optimal fitting of the rope 1 preferably semicircular. Since the rope 1 under load slightly deformed on the contact surface, an oval can also be used Groove shape can be selected. These simple groove shapes can be used because the plastic jacket 2 a generated a sufficiently large coefficient of friction. At the same time due to the high friction coefficient of the wrap angle of the Reduce the rope 1 on the traction sheave 15. The groove shape the traction sheave 15 can be used for lifts of various loads be carried out the same because the coefficient of friction by the Surface structure 11 and the material of the casing 2 is determined. This can make one too big in individual cases Friction can be reduced to promote load to prevent the counterweight from being put on (touchdown test). In addition, the traction sheave 15, due to the smaller Rope diameter of the synthetic fiber rope 1 and so connected, smaller possible traction sheave diameter, in their dimensions can be reduced. A smaller one Traction sheave diameter leads to a lower drive torque and thus to a smaller engine size. Also the production and storage of the traction sheaves 15 significantly simplified and cheaper. By the big one The bearing surface of the rope 1 in the groove 20 results also smaller surface pressures, which increases the service life considerably extended by rope 1 and traction sheave 15. The end Aramid fibers 5 made rope 1 also does not allow Transfer of the starting from the traction sheave 15 Frequencies. This means there is no need to reduce driving comfort Excitation of the cabin 13 via the rope 1.

Durch den erhöhten Reibwert, den geringeren Umschlingungswinkel und das niedrige Gewicht des Kunstfaserseils 1 lassen sich weitere Reduzierungen im Bereich der Antriebe realisieren. Die erforderlichen Anlauf-bzw. Drehmomente und die Momente an der Welle von Getriebemaschinen nehmen markant ab. Folglich sinken die Anlaufströme bzw. der gesamte Energiebedarf. Dies wiederum erlaubt eine Reduzierung der Motoren- und Getriebegrössen und der Baugrösse der die Motoren speisenden Umformer.Due to the increased coefficient of friction, the lower Wrap angle and the low weight of the Synthetic fiber rope 1 can be further reductions in Realize the area of the drives. The required start-up or. Torques and the moments on the shaft of Gear machines decrease significantly. As a result, they decrease Starting currents or the total energy requirement. this in turn allows a reduction in engine and transmission sizes and the size of the converter feeding the motors.

Claims (9)

  1. Cable (1) as suspension means for lifts, wherein one cable end is connected with a cage (13) or load-receiving means and carrying strands (4) of the cable (1) consist of synthetic fibres and the carrying strands (4) of the outer strand layer (3) are surrounded by a sheathing (2) which is closed all-round and of synthetic material, characterised in that the synthetic fibre cable (1) is connected by the other end with a counterweight and is driven by way of a drive pulley and that the sheathing (2) of the synthetic fibre cable (1) of synthetic material also fills out the intermediate spaces between the carrying strands (4) of the outer strand layer (3) from the side of the cable outer circumference.
  2. Cable (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the sheathing (2) consists of polyurethane.
  3. Cable (1) according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterised in that the strands (4) are impregnated by an impregnating medium of specific concentration, for example polyurethane solution.
  4. Cable (1) according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterised in that the strands (4) are surrounded by a braided sleeve of polyester fibres.
  5. Cable (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that a friction-reducing intermediate sheath (7) is arranged between the outermost strand layer (3) and an inner strand layer (6).
  6. Cable (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the strands (4) of the inner strand layer (6) are treated with silicone.
  7. Cable (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that a surface (11) of the sheathing (2) is smooth.
  8. Cable (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the surface (11) of the sheathing (2) is executed to be structured.
  9. Cable (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the strands (4) are laid out of aramide fibres (5).
EP95101891A 1994-03-02 1995-02-13 Cable for lifts Expired - Lifetime EP0672781B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
WOPCT/CH94/00044 1994-03-02
PCT/CH1994/000044 WO1994020770A1 (en) 1993-03-05 1994-03-02 Connector for synthetic-fibre ropes
CH02578/94A CH690010A5 (en) 1994-03-02 1994-08-23 Cable for lift or elevator cage
CH2578/94 1994-08-23
CH257894 1994-08-23

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0672781A1 EP0672781A1 (en) 1995-09-20
EP0672781B1 true EP0672781B1 (en) 1999-11-24
EP0672781B2 EP0672781B2 (en) 2008-12-31

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EP95101891A Expired - Lifetime EP0672781B2 (en) 1994-03-02 1995-02-13 Cable for lifts

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JP (1) JP3177397B2 (en)
KR (1) KR100348885B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1049401C (en)
AT (1) ATE186962T1 (en)
AU (1) AU682743B2 (en)
BR (1) BR9500779A (en)
CA (1) CA2142072C (en)
CZ (1) CZ282660B6 (en)
DE (1) DE59507263D1 (en)
DK (1) DK0672781T4 (en)
ES (1) ES2141851T5 (en)
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EP0672781B2 (en) 2008-12-31
CZ282660B6 (en) 1997-08-13
BR9500779A (en) 1995-10-24
ATE186962T1 (en) 1999-12-15
RU95102775A (en) 1996-11-27
AU1353495A (en) 1995-09-07
NO950796L (en) 1995-09-04
PL307384A1 (en) 1995-09-04
NZ270477A (en) 1996-10-28
CN1049401C (en) 2000-02-16
CN1121040A (en) 1996-04-24
DK0672781T4 (en) 2009-04-27
FI950936A (en) 1995-09-03
PL177759B1 (en) 2000-01-31
PT672781E (en) 2000-04-28
KR960035664A (en) 1996-10-24
EP0672781A1 (en) 1995-09-20
MXPA95001137A (en) 2004-02-16
CA2142072C (en) 2001-04-10
KR100348885B1 (en) 2002-12-18
JP3177397B2 (en) 2001-06-18
JPH07267534A (en) 1995-10-17
ES2141851T3 (en) 2000-04-01
RU2194003C2 (en) 2002-12-10
CA2142072A1 (en) 1995-09-03
US5566786A (en) 1996-10-22
NO310042B1 (en) 2001-05-07
AU682743B2 (en) 1997-10-16
CZ52395A3 (en) 1997-03-12
DK0672781T3 (en) 2000-05-22
DE59507263D1 (en) 1999-12-30
HK1011392A1 (en) 1999-07-09
FI950936A0 (en) 1995-03-01
NO950796D0 (en) 1995-03-01

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