EP0665185B1 - Crane, particularly track-bound crane - Google Patents

Crane, particularly track-bound crane Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0665185B1
EP0665185B1 EP94250298A EP94250298A EP0665185B1 EP 0665185 B1 EP0665185 B1 EP 0665185B1 EP 94250298 A EP94250298 A EP 94250298A EP 94250298 A EP94250298 A EP 94250298A EP 0665185 B1 EP0665185 B1 EP 0665185B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vehicle frame
crane according
crane
piston
lifting
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP94250298A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0665185A1 (en
Inventor
Joachim Kröll
Peter Richter
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Demag Cranes and Components GmbH
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Mannesmann AG
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Publication of EP0665185A1 publication Critical patent/EP0665185A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D15/00—Other railway vehicles, e.g. scaffold cars; Adaptations of vehicles for use on railways
    • B61D15/02—Breakdown cranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/36—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes mounted on road or rail vehicles; Manually-movable jib-cranes for use in workshops; Floating cranes
    • B66C23/50—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes mounted on road or rail vehicles; Manually-movable jib-cranes for use in workshops; Floating cranes mounted on railway vehicles, e.g. breakdown cranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/84—Slewing gear

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a crane, in particular a rail-bound mobile crane, such as e.g. a railway crane, with a luffing jib, which is mounted on the (vehicle) frame so that it can be swiveled up and down about a horizontal axis and can be rotated about a vertical axis.
  • a rail-bound mobile crane such as e.g. a railway crane
  • a luffing jib which is mounted on the (vehicle) frame so that it can be swiveled up and down about a horizontal axis and can be rotated about a vertical axis.
  • the invention specified in claim 1 is based on the problem of obtaining a large boom length and a high load capacity with a large outreach in a confined space and also allowing lateral lifting with supporting forces that are still permissible, for example on the wheels.
  • the side room should here by a safety distance to the neighboring track or a neighboring lane.
  • the stated object is achieved according to the invention in the above-mentioned crane in that the luffing jib can be swiveled up or down or raised, supported on at least one swivel bearing arranged at each end of the vehicle frame, by means of a lifting drive arranged between the ends of the vehicle frame.
  • the advantages are that the luffing jib can be swiveled up and down to one side or the other, and that the telescopic luffing jib can be swiveled so that it can be swiveled to the left and right in relation to the side view of the crane, and can also be lifted in the middle in parallel, swung to the side can be and can be lifted sideways.
  • pivot bearings can each be individually detached or connected to the luffing jib. Depending on the connection created, the pivot bearing in question forms the pivot axis in the horizontal and / or vertical plane.
  • the pivot bearings consist of piston-cylinder units each arranged on one end of the vehicle frame and articulated to the luffing jib.
  • the pivot bearing itself can thus advantageously be lifted.
  • pivot bearings themselves can be rotated about an axis which is vertical on the vehicle frame. If the connection mentioned exists, the luffing jib can therefore be pivoted or rotated about this vertical axis.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment for this rotatability is given in that the piston-cylinder units each telescopic pipe sections is formed with under the ceiling of the inner pipe section engaging piston. On the one hand, this creates a connection option for the luffing jib and, on the other hand, achieves the mentioned rotatability and a space-saving arrangement of the lifting piston.
  • connection between the swivel bearing and the luffing jib is advantageously achieved in accordance with further features in that the swivel bearing consists in each case of a side frame part which can be pivoted relative to the piston-cylinder unit and is connected to the luffing jib and is pivotable.
  • a loosening or connecting the luffing jib with the swivel bearing is done simply by loosening or inserting the hinge pin, which can be done by hand.
  • a further development of the invention consists in that the lifting drive is arranged supported on a slewing gear via a slide plate of the vehicle frame. This essentially enables a pivoting of the luffing jib.
  • a horizontal swivel drive is provided for the luffing jib articulated on the lifting drive.
  • the horizontal swivel drive is formed from a pinion which is rotatably driven on the rotating mechanism and which engages in a toothed rack extending transversely to the vehicle frame.
  • a horizontal swivel drive therefore allows a considerable deflection of the luffing jib from its normal position on both sides of the crane.
  • the lifting drive located on the slewing gear can be designed differently.
  • An advantageous training is that the The linear actuator consists of two vertical and parallel lifting cylinders attached to the slewing gear, which are held by means of a parallel connection. This initially creates a rigid system for guiding and swinging the luffing jib, and then creates the possibility for further functions.
  • One of these functions is that the two lifting cylinders are held on the rotating mechanism about a horizontal, aligned axis.
  • the two lifting cylinders can easily follow the swivel movements of the luffing jib.
  • a guide frame for the luffing jib is articulated on the piston rods of the lifting cylinder. This creates a load-bearing connection between the luffing jib and the two lifting cylinders or with the slewing gear.
  • An improvement of the invention further consists in the fact that pairs of spreading arms which can be pivoted in opposite directions are provided on both sides of the lifting drive, on which support disks are fastened projecting downward. Any changes in the center of gravity caused by the swinging of the luffing jib are thus absorbed.
  • ballast tanks for ballast liquids are arranged in the area of a driver's cab on the vehicle frame.
  • Such a system has a high degree of flexibility for taking into account the respective focus.
  • ballast liquids each from one ballast tank at one end of the vehicle frame to another ballast tank at the other Vehicle frame end are refillable. In this way, the respective center of gravity can be taken into account.
  • the crane can be used stationary or as a mobile crane, in particular as a railway crane.
  • the railway crane shown has a (vehicle) frame 1, which on bogies 2 with e.g. four wheel sets 3 each rest on the rails. Pairs of buffers 4 and a driver's cab 5 are provided on the vehicle frame 1.
  • a luffing jib 6 consisting of a basic boom 7 with a telescopic piece 8, can be swiveled up and down about a horizontal axis 9 and can be rotated and lifted about a vertical axis 10. In the transport state, the luffing jib 6 is firmly connected to the two horizontal axes 9 (FIG. 1A).
  • This lifting drive 13 thus forms a rocking cylinder. It is formed from two symmetrically arranged lifting cylinders 13a and 13b with respective piston rods 13c.
  • the pivot bearings 12 can each be individually detachably connected to the luffing jib so that the crane can work on both sides of the longitudinal extension of the vehicle frame 1.
  • the pivot bearings 12 each consist of piston-cylinder units 14 arranged on a vehicle frame end 11a, 11b, which are formed from telescopic pipe sections 15.
  • the pivot bearings 12 are themselves rotatable about the axis 10 perpendicular to the vehicle frame 1.
  • a reciprocating piston 16 engages under a ceiling 15a of the inner tube section 15 (FIG. 11).
  • the pipe sections 15 can be rotated into one another without having to stress a seal. A slight sliding movement can also take place between the ceiling 15a and the reciprocating piston 16.
  • On the swivel bearing 12 laterally extractable hinge pins 17 are provided in side frame parts 18, which are fastened to the basic boom 7. After loosening the hinge pin 17, which is done by hand, a connection with eyes 15b is created opposite the ceiling 15a.
  • the lifting drive 13 is supported by a slide plate 19, which is fastened on the vehicle frame 1, and is thus part of a rotating mechanism 20 (FIG. 10).
  • a horizontal swivel drive 21 is located on the rotating mechanism 20, so that the lifting drive 13 can be rotated with the luffing jib 6 (FIGS. 7 to 9).
  • This horizontal swivel drive 21 is formed from a pinion 22 which is rotatably mounted on the rotating mechanism 20 and which engages in a toothed rack 23 running transversely to the vehicle frame 1.
  • the rack 23 has foldable portions 23a, so that the length of the rack 23 can be increased in one or both transverse directions. For example, in FIG. the left section 23a unfolded.
  • the lifting drive 13 also has the two lifting cylinders 13a and 13b arranged perpendicularly and parallel to one another, which can additionally be pivoted on the rotating mechanism 20 about horizontal tilting axes 13d by means of tilting bolts 13e.
  • the pair of the two lifting cylinders 13a and 13b are connected to each other by means of a parallel connection 24, which is made of a plate or a frame.
  • the two tilt axes 13d form an aligned axis 25.
  • the piston rods 13c of the lifting cylinders 13a and 13b there is a guide frame 26 for the luffing jib 6, i.e. for its basic boom 7, articulated.
  • 1A, 1B, 6 to 9 show that the lifting drive 13 is assigned pairs of spreading arms 27 which can be swiveled in opposite directions on both sides.
  • the spreading arms 27 there are supporting discs 28 on downwardly projecting stamps 27, which shift the weight by turning catch the luffing jib 6 (Fig. 8 and 9).
  • ballast tanks 29 and 30 which are arranged in the area of a driver's cab 5 on the vehicle frame 1 and which are filled with ballast liquid, e.g. Water that can be filled. Depending on the lifting of the luffing jib 6, the ballast liquid is therefore pumped into one or the other ballast tank 29 or 30 or filled proportionately during transport.
  • ballast liquid e.g. Water that can be filled.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
  • Carriers, Traveling Bodies, And Overhead Traveling Cranes (AREA)

Abstract

The crane comprises a jib (6) which is supported on at least one pivot bearing (12) arranged on the vehicle frame end by means of one lift drive (13) between the vehicle frame ends so that it is pivotable and raisable. The pivot bearings are individually releasable from or connectable with the jib. The pivot bearings consist of piston-cylinder units articulatedly connectable with the jib and arranged at one vehicle frame end. The pivot bearings are rotatable around an axis (10) vertical to the vehicle frame. The piston-cylinder units are formed by telescopic tube sections with a stroke piston engaging under the cover of the inner tube section.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Kran, insbesondere einen schienengebundenen Mobilkran, wie z.B. einen Eisenbahnkran, mit einem Wippausleger, der auf dem (Fahrzeug-)Rahmen um eine horizontale Achse auf- und abschwenkbar gelagert und um eine senkrechte Achse drehbar ist.The invention relates to a crane, in particular a rail-bound mobile crane, such as e.g. a railway crane, with a luffing jib, which is mounted on the (vehicle) frame so that it can be swiveled up and down about a horizontal axis and can be rotated about a vertical axis.

Derartige Krane sind in einer vielzahl bekannt (GB-A-2 061 849), jedoch sind die bekannten Krane auf engem Raum für eine große Reichweite und eine hohe Tragkraft nicht geeignet. Man hat sich hier im Eisenbahnbau und Brückenbau bisher mit zwei im Abstand verfahrbaren kranen und einer dazwischengehängten Traverse beholfen.A large number of such cranes are known (GB-A-2 061 849), but the known cranes are not suitable in a confined space for a long reach and a high lifting capacity. Up to now, two cranes that can be moved at a distance and a traverse suspended in between have been used in railway and bridge construction.

Der im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Erfindung liegt das Problem zugrunde, bei einer großen Reichweite auf engem Raum eine große Auslegerlänge und eine hohe Tragkraft zu erhalten und bei noch zulässigen Stützkräften, z.B. auf den Rädern, auch ein seitliches Heben zu ermöglichen. Der seitliche Raum soll hier durch einen Sicherheitsabstand zum Nachbargleis oder zu einer Nachbarfahrbahn gegeben sein.The invention specified in claim 1 is based on the problem of obtaining a large boom length and a high load capacity with a large outreach in a confined space and also allowing lateral lifting with supporting forces that are still permissible, for example on the wheels. The side room should here by a safety distance to the neighboring track or a neighboring lane.

Die gestellte Aufgabe wird bei dem eingangs bezeichneten Kran erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß der Wippausleger gestützt auf zumindest ein an jeweils einem Fahrzeugrahmen-Ende angeordnetes Schwenklager mittels eines zwischen den Fahrzeugrahmen-Enden angeordneten Hubantriebs auf- und abschwenkbar oder hebbar ist. Die Vorteile sind eine Auf- und Abschwenkbarkeit des Wippauslegers nach der einen oder nach der anderen Seite sowie eine Schwenkbarkeit des teleskopierten Wippauslegers, so daß bezogen auf die Seitenansicht des Krans nach links und rechts aufgeschwenkt werden kann, ferner mittig parallel gehoben werden kann, seitlich geschwenkt werden kann und seitlich gehoben werden kann.The stated object is achieved according to the invention in the above-mentioned crane in that the luffing jib can be swiveled up or down or raised, supported on at least one swivel bearing arranged at each end of the vehicle frame, by means of a lifting drive arranged between the ends of the vehicle frame. The advantages are that the luffing jib can be swiveled up and down to one side or the other, and that the telescopic luffing jib can be swiveled so that it can be swiveled to the left and right in relation to the side view of the crane, and can also be lifted in the middle in parallel, swung to the side can be and can be lifted sideways.

Hierbei ist vorteilhaft, daß die Schwenklager jeweils mit dem Wippausleger einzeln lösbar oder verbindbar sind. Je nach einer geschaffenen Verbindung bildet das betreffende Schwenklager die Schwenkachse in horizontaler und/oder vertikaler Ebene.It is advantageous here that the pivot bearings can each be individually detached or connected to the luffing jib. Depending on the connection created, the pivot bearing in question forms the pivot axis in the horizontal and / or vertical plane.

Nach weiteren Merkmalen wird vorgeschlagen, daß die Schwenklager aus jeweils auf einem Fahrzeugrahmen-Ende angeordneten und mit dem Wippausleger gelenkig verbindbaren Kolben-Zylinder-Einheiten bestehen. Vorteilhafterweise kann somit das Schwenklager selbst gehoben werden.According to further features, it is proposed that the pivot bearings consist of piston-cylinder units each arranged on one end of the vehicle frame and articulated to the luffing jib. The pivot bearing itself can thus advantageously be lifted.

In Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß die Schwenklager selbst um eine auf dem Fahrzeugrahmen senkrechte Achse drehbar sind. Sofern die erwähnte Verbindung besteht, kann daher der Wippausleger um diese senkrechte Achse geschwenkt bzw. gedreht werden.In a further development of the invention it is provided that the pivot bearings themselves can be rotated about an axis which is vertical on the vehicle frame. If the connection mentioned exists, the luffing jib can therefore be pivoted or rotated about this vertical axis.

Eine besonders vorteilhafte Ausführungsform für diese Drehbarkeit ist dadurch gegeben, daß die Kolben-Zylinder-Einheiten jeweils aus teleskopierbaren Rohrabschnitten mit unter der Decke des inneren Rohrabschnitts angreifendem Hubkolben gebildet ist. Zum einen wird dadurch eine Anschlußmöglichkeit für den Wippausleger geschaffen und zum anderen die erwähnte Drehbarkeit sowie eine raumsparende Anordnung des Hubkolbens erzielt.A particularly advantageous embodiment for this rotatability is given in that the piston-cylinder units each telescopic pipe sections is formed with under the ceiling of the inner pipe section engaging piston. On the one hand, this creates a connection option for the luffing jib and, on the other hand, achieves the mentioned rotatability and a space-saving arrangement of the lifting piston.

Die Verbindung zwischen dem Schwenklager und dem Wippausleger wird vorteilhafterweise nach weiteren Merkmalen dahingehend erzielt, daß die Schwenklager jeweils um einen um lösbare Gelenkbolzen gegenüber der Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit schwenkbaren, mit dem Wippausleger verbundenen Seitenrahmenteil besteht. Ein Lösen oder Verbinden des Wippauslegers mit dem Schwenklager geschieht daher ganz einfach durch das Lösen bzw. Einschieben der Gelenkbolzen, was von Hand durchgeführt werden kann.The connection between the swivel bearing and the luffing jib is advantageously achieved in accordance with further features in that the swivel bearing consists in each case of a side frame part which can be pivoted relative to the piston-cylinder unit and is connected to the luffing jib and is pivotable. A loosening or connecting the luffing jib with the swivel bearing is done simply by loosening or inserting the hinge pin, which can be done by hand.

Eine Weiterbildung der Erfindung besteht darin, daß der Hubantrieb über eine Gleitplatte des Fahrzeugrahmens abgestützt auf einem Drehwerk angeordnet ist. Im wesentlichen wird hierdurch eine Schwenkung des Wippauslegers ermöglicht.A further development of the invention consists in that the lifting drive is arranged supported on a slewing gear via a slide plate of the vehicle frame. This essentially enables a pivoting of the luffing jib.

Nach weiteren Merkmalen ist daher vorgesehen, daß ein Horizontal-Schwenkantrieb für den auf dem Hubantrieb angelenkten Wippausleger vorgesehen ist.According to further features, it is therefore provided that a horizontal swivel drive is provided for the luffing jib articulated on the lifting drive.

Nach bevorzugten Merkmalen ist der Horizontal-Schwenkantrieb aus einem am Drehwerk drehantreibbar gelagerten Ritzel gebildet, das in eine quer zum Fahrzeugrahmen verlaufende Zahnstange eingreift. Ein solcher Horizontal-Schwenkantrieb gestattet daher eine erhebliche Auslenkung des Wippauslegers aus seiner Normalstellung nach beiden Seiten des Krans.According to preferred features, the horizontal swivel drive is formed from a pinion which is rotatably driven on the rotating mechanism and which engages in a toothed rack extending transversely to the vehicle frame. Such a horizontal swivel drive therefore allows a considerable deflection of the luffing jib from its normal position on both sides of the crane.

Der sich auf dem Drehwerk befindeliche Hubantrieb kann unterschiedlich gestaltet sein. Eine vorteilhafte Ausbildung besteht darin, daß der Hubantrieb aus zwei senkrecht und parallelverlaufenden, auf dem Drehwerk befestigten Hubzylindern besteht, die mittels einer Parallelverbindung gehalten sind. Dadurch entsteht zunächst ein steifes System für die Führung und das Hochschwenken des Wippauslegers, und sodann wird die Möglichkeit für weitere Funktionen geschaffen.The lifting drive located on the slewing gear can be designed differently. An advantageous training is that the The linear actuator consists of two vertical and parallel lifting cylinders attached to the slewing gear, which are held by means of a parallel connection. This initially creates a rigid system for guiding and swinging the luffing jib, and then creates the possibility for further functions.

Eine dieser Funktionen besteht darin, daß die beiden Hubzylinder um eine horizontale, fluchtende Achse auf dem Drehwerk gehalten sind. Die beiden Hubzylinder können den Schwenkbewegungen des Wippauslegers ohne weiteres folgen.One of these functions is that the two lifting cylinders are held on the rotating mechanism about a horizontal, aligned axis. The two lifting cylinders can easily follow the swivel movements of the luffing jib.

Nach weiteren Merkmalen ist vorgesehen, daß an den Kolbenstangen der Hubzylinder ein Führungsrahmen für den Wippausleger angelenkt ist. Dadurch wird eine beanspruchungsfähige Verbindung zwischen Wippausleger und den beiden Hubzylindern bzw. mit dem Drehwerk geschaffen.According to further features, it is provided that a guide frame for the luffing jib is articulated on the piston rods of the lifting cylinder. This creates a load-bearing connection between the luffing jib and the two lifting cylinders or with the slewing gear.

Eine Verbesserung der Erfindung besteht ferner darin, daß dem Hubantrieb zugeordnet auf beiden Seiten jeweils Paare von gegenläufig ausschwenkbaren Spreizarmen vorgesehen sind, an denen Stützscheiben nach unten ragend befestigt sind. Durch die Ausschwenkung des Wippauslegers gegebene Schwerpunktverlagerungen werden dadurch aufgefangen.An improvement of the invention further consists in the fact that pairs of spreading arms which can be pivoted in opposite directions are provided on both sides of the lifting drive, on which support disks are fastened projecting downward. Any changes in the center of gravity caused by the swinging of the luffing jib are thus absorbed.

Eine Weiterentwicklung der Erfindung besteht ferner darin, daß im Bereich eines Führerhauses auf dem Fahrzeugrahmen jeweils Ballasttanks für Ballastflüssigkeiten angeordnet sind. Ein solches System besitzt eine hohe Flexibilität für die Berücksichtigung der jeweiligen Schwerpunktslage.A further development of the invention consists in the fact that ballast tanks for ballast liquids are arranged in the area of a driver's cab on the vehicle frame. Such a system has a high degree of flexibility for taking into account the respective focus.

In Weiterbildung dieses Grundgedankens ist vorgesehen, daß die Ballastflüssigkeiten jeweils von einem Ballasttank an einem Fahrzeugrahmen-Ende in einen anderen Ballasttank am anderen Fahrzeugrahmen-Ende umfüllbar sind. Hierdurch kann der jeweiligen Schwerpunktlage Rechnung getragen werden.In a development of this basic idea, it is provided that the ballast liquids each from one ballast tank at one end of the vehicle frame to another ballast tank at the other Vehicle frame end are refillable. In this way, the respective center of gravity can be taken into account.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt und werden im folgenden näher beschrieben. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1A
einen Eisenbahnkran in Seitenansicht,
Fig. 1B
den Eisenbahnkran aus Fig. 1A in Draufsicht,
Fig. 2
den Eisenbahnkran aus Fig. 1A mit angehobenem Wippausleger,
Fig. 3
den Eisenbahnkran aus Fig. 2 mit angehobenem und nach links austeleskopiertem Wippausleger,
Fig. 4
den Eisenbahnkran aus Fig. 3 mit nach rechts austeleskopiertem Wippausleger,
Fig. 5
den Eisenbahnkran aus Fig. 4 mit an einer Traverse hängendem Gleisabschnitt,
Fig. 6
den Eisenbahnkran in Seitenansicht mit nach oben geschwenktem Wippausleger,
Fig. 7
eine Draufsicht auf Fig. 6 mit nach der Seite gedrehtem Wippausleger,
Fig. 8
eine Draufsicht wie Fig. 7, jedoch mit noch größerer Drehung des Wippauslegers nach der Seite,
Fig. 9
eine Draufsicht wie Fig. 8 mit ausgeschwenkten Spreizarmen und Stützscheiben,
Fig. 10
einen Querschnitt durch den Hubantrieb mit Drehwerk und
Fig. 11
einen Querschnitt durch eines der beiden Schwenklager.
Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and are described in more detail below. Show it:
Fig. 1A
a railroad crane in side view,
Figure 1B
1A in top view,
Fig. 2
1A with the luffing jib raised,
Fig. 3
2 with the luffing jib raised and telescoped to the left,
Fig. 4
3 with the luffing jib extended to the right,
Fig. 5
4 with a section of track hanging on a traverse,
Fig. 6
the railroad crane in side view with the luffing jib pivoted upwards,
Fig. 7
6 with the luffing jib turned to the side,
Fig. 8
7, but with an even greater rotation of the luffing jib to the side,
Fig. 9
8 shows a top view like FIG. 8 with the spreading arms and supporting disks pivoted out,
Fig. 10
a cross section through the linear actuator with slewing gear and
Fig. 11
a cross section through one of the two pivot bearings.

Der Kran kann ortsfest oder als Mobilkran, insbesondere als Eisenbahnkran eingesetzt werden. Der gezeichnete Eisenbahnkran besitzt einen (Fahrzeug-)Rahmen 1, der auf Drehgestellen 2 mit z.B. jeweils vier Radsätzen 3 auf den Schienen aufliegt. An dem Fahrzeugrahmen 1 sind Paare von Puffern 4 und jeweils ein Führerhaus 5 vorgesehen. Außerdem ist ein Wippausleger 6, bestehend aus einem Grundausleger 7 mit Teleskopstück 8 um eine horizontale Achse 9 auf- und abschwenkbar und um eine senkrechte Achse 10 drehbar sowie hebbar. Im Transportzustand ist der Wippausleger 6 fest mit den beiden horizontalen Achsen 9 verbunden (Fig. 1A). Er stützt sich dabei entweder auf beide jeweils an einem Fahrzeugrahmen-Ende 11a oder 11b angeordnete Schwenklager 12 oder nur auf eines der beiden Schwenklager 12 und dann auf einen weitestgehend in der Mitte angeordneten Hubantrieb 13. Dieser Hubantrieb 13 bildet somit einen Wippzylinder. Er ist aus zwei symmetrisch angeordneten Hubzylindern 13a und 13b mit jeweiligen Kolbenstangen 13c gebildet.The crane can be used stationary or as a mobile crane, in particular as a railway crane. The railway crane shown has a (vehicle) frame 1, which on bogies 2 with e.g. four wheel sets 3 each rest on the rails. Pairs of buffers 4 and a driver's cab 5 are provided on the vehicle frame 1. In addition, a luffing jib 6, consisting of a basic boom 7 with a telescopic piece 8, can be swiveled up and down about a horizontal axis 9 and can be rotated and lifted about a vertical axis 10. In the transport state, the luffing jib 6 is firmly connected to the two horizontal axes 9 (FIG. 1A). It is based either on both swivel bearings 12, each arranged on a vehicle frame end 11a or 11b, or only on one of the two swivel bearings 12 and then on a lifting drive 13 arranged largely in the middle. This lifting drive 13 thus forms a rocking cylinder. It is formed from two symmetrically arranged lifting cylinders 13a and 13b with respective piston rods 13c.

Die Schwenklager 12 können jeweils mit dem Wippausleger einzeln lösbar verbunden werden, so daß der Kran nach beiden Seiten der Langserstreckung des Fahrzeugrahmens 1 arbeiten kann. Die Schwenklager 12 bestehen aus jeweils auf einem Fahrzeugrahmen-Ende 11a,11b angeordneten Kolben-Zylinder-Einheiten 14, die aus teleskopierbaren Rohrabschnitten 15 gebildet sind. Die Schwenklager 12 sind selbst um die auf dem Fahrzeugrahmen 1 senkrechte Achse 10 drehbar. Unter eine Decke 15a des inneren Rohrabschnitts 15 greift ein Hubkolben 16 an (Fig. 11). Die Rohrabschnitte 15 sind ineinander verdrehbar, ohne eine Dichtung beanspruchen zu müssen. Auch kann zwischen der Decke 15a und dem Hubkolben 16 eine leichte Gleitbewegung stattfinden. An dem Schwenklager 12 sind seitlich herausziehbare Gelenkbolzen 17 in Seitenrahmenteilen 18 vorgesehen, die an dem Grundausleger 7 befestigt sind. Nach Lösen der Gelenkbolzen 17, was von Hand erfolgt, ist eine Verbindung mit Augen 15b der Decke 15a gegenüberliegend geschaffen.The pivot bearings 12 can each be individually detachably connected to the luffing jib so that the crane can work on both sides of the longitudinal extension of the vehicle frame 1. The pivot bearings 12 each consist of piston-cylinder units 14 arranged on a vehicle frame end 11a, 11b, which are formed from telescopic pipe sections 15. The pivot bearings 12 are themselves rotatable about the axis 10 perpendicular to the vehicle frame 1. A reciprocating piston 16 engages under a ceiling 15a of the inner tube section 15 (FIG. 11). The pipe sections 15 can be rotated into one another without having to stress a seal. A slight sliding movement can also take place between the ceiling 15a and the reciprocating piston 16. On the swivel bearing 12 laterally extractable hinge pins 17 are provided in side frame parts 18, which are fastened to the basic boom 7. After loosening the hinge pin 17, which is done by hand, a connection with eyes 15b is created opposite the ceiling 15a.

Der Hubantrieb 13 ist über eine Gleitplatte 19, die auf dem Fahrzeugrahmen 1 befestigt ist, abgestützt und ist somit Teil eines Drehwerks 20 (Fig. 10). Ein Horizontal-Schwenkantrieb 21 befindet sich an dem Drehwerk 20, so daß der Hubantrieb 13 mit dem Wippausleger 6 gedreht werden kann (Fig. 7 bis 9). Dieser Horizontal-Schwenkantrieb 21 wird aus einem am Drehwerk 20 drehantreibbar gelagerten Ritzel 22 gebildet, das in eine quer zum Fahrzeugrahmen 1 verlaufende Zahnstange 23 eingreift. Die Zahnstange 23 besitzt klappbare Abschnitte 23a, so daß die Länge der Zahnstange 23 nach einer oder beiden Querrichtungen vergrößert werden kann. In Fig. 10 ist z .B. der linke Abschnitt 23a ausgeklappt.The lifting drive 13 is supported by a slide plate 19, which is fastened on the vehicle frame 1, and is thus part of a rotating mechanism 20 (FIG. 10). A horizontal swivel drive 21 is located on the rotating mechanism 20, so that the lifting drive 13 can be rotated with the luffing jib 6 (FIGS. 7 to 9). This horizontal swivel drive 21 is formed from a pinion 22 which is rotatably mounted on the rotating mechanism 20 and which engages in a toothed rack 23 running transversely to the vehicle frame 1. The rack 23 has foldable portions 23a, so that the length of the rack 23 can be increased in one or both transverse directions. For example, in FIG. the left section 23a unfolded.

Der Hubantrieb 13 weist ferner die erwähnten zwei senkrecht und parallel zueinander angeordneten Hubzylinder 13a und 13b auf, die auf dem Drehwerk 20 um horizontale Kippachsen 13d mittels Kippbolzen 13e noch zusätzlich schwenkbar sind. Hierbei ist das Paar der beiden Hubzylinder 13a und 13b mittels einer Parallelverbindung 24, die aus einer Platte oder einem Rahmen hergestellt ist, miteinander verbunden. Die beiden Kippachsen 13d bilden eine fluchtende Achse 25. Weiterhin ist an den Kolbenstangen 13c der Hubzylinder 13a und 13b ein Führungsrahmen 26 für den Wippausleger 6, d.h. für seinen Grundausleger 7, angelenkt.The lifting drive 13 also has the two lifting cylinders 13a and 13b arranged perpendicularly and parallel to one another, which can additionally be pivoted on the rotating mechanism 20 about horizontal tilting axes 13d by means of tilting bolts 13e. Here, the pair of the two lifting cylinders 13a and 13b are connected to each other by means of a parallel connection 24, which is made of a plate or a frame. The two tilt axes 13d form an aligned axis 25. Furthermore, on the piston rods 13c of the lifting cylinders 13a and 13b there is a guide frame 26 for the luffing jib 6, i.e. for its basic boom 7, articulated.

Wie die Fig. 1A, 1B, 6 bis 9 zeigen, sind dem Hubantrieb 13 auf beiden Seiten jeweils Paare von gegenläufig ausschwenkbaren Spreizarmen 27 zugeordnet. An den Spreizarmen 27 befinden sich an nach unten ragenden Stempeln 27a Stützscheiben 28, die eine Gewichtsverlagerung durch Drehen des Wippauslegers 6 auffangen (Fig. 8 und 9).1A, 1B, 6 to 9 show that the lifting drive 13 is assigned pairs of spreading arms 27 which can be swiveled in opposite directions on both sides. On the spreading arms 27 there are supporting discs 28 on downwardly projecting stamps 27, which shift the weight by turning catch the luffing jib 6 (Fig. 8 and 9).

Eine solche oder ähnliche Verlagerung des Gesamtschwerpunkts wird außerdem durch im Bereich eines Führerhauses 5 auf dem Fahrzeugrahmen 1 angeordnete Ballasttanks 29 und 30 ausgeglichen, die mit Ballastflüssigkeit, wie z.B. Wasser, gefüllt werden können. Je nach dem Heben des Wippauslegers 6 wird daher die Ballastflüssigkeit in den einen oder den anderen Ballasttank 29 oder 30 gepumpt oder während des Transports anteilsmäßig gefüllt.Such or similar shifting of the overall center of gravity is also compensated for by ballast tanks 29 and 30 which are arranged in the area of a driver's cab 5 on the vehicle frame 1 and which are filled with ballast liquid, e.g. Water that can be filled. Depending on the lifting of the luffing jib 6, the ballast liquid is therefore pumped into one or the other ballast tank 29 or 30 or filled proportionately during transport.

Claims (15)

  1. A crane, in particular a rail-borne mobile crane, having a derricking jib, which is mounted to pivot up and down on the vehicle frame about a horizontal axis and is rotatable about a vertical axis,
    characterised in that the derricking jib (6), supported on at least one pivot bearing (12) arranged on one end (11a, 11b) of the vehicle frame each, can be pivoted up and down or can be raised by means of a lifting drive (13) arranged between the ends (11a, 11b) of the vehicle frame.
  2. A crane according to Claim 1, characterised in that the pivot bearings (12) can each be detached from or connected to the derricking jib (6) individually.
  3. A crane according to one of Claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the pivot bearings (12) consist of piston-cylinder units (14) in each case arranged on one end (11a, 11b) of the vehicle frame and connectable in articulated manner to the derricking jib (6).
  4. A crane according to Claim 3, characterised in that the pivot bearings (12) themselves are rotatable about an axle (10) vertical on the vehicle frame (1).
  5. A crane according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the piston-cylinder units (14) are each formed of telescoping tube sections (15) with a lifting piston (16) which is applied beneath the ceiling (15a) of the inner tube section (15).
  6. A crane according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the pivot bearings (12) each consist of a side frame part (18) pivotable with respect to the piston-cylinder unit (14) about detachable hinge bolts (17) and connected to the derricking jib (6).
  7. A crane according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the lifting drive (13) is arranged on a slewing gear (20), supported by means of a sliding plate (19) of the vehicle frame (1).
  8. A crane according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterised in that a horizontal pivot drive (21) for the derricking jib (6) articulated to the lifting drive (13) is provided.
  9. A crane according to Claim 8, characterised in that the horizontal pivot drive (21) is formed by a pinion (22) mounted rotationally drivably on the slewing gear (20), which pinion engages in a rack (23) extending transversely to the vehicle frame (1).
  10. A crane according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the lifting drive (13) consists of two vertical and parallel lifting cylinders (13a, 13b) fastened to the slewing gear (20), which cylinders are held by means of a parallel connection (24).
  11. A crane according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the two lifting cylinders (13a, 13b) are held on the slewing gear (20) about a horizontal, flush axle (25).
  12. A crane according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterised in that a guide frame (26) for the derricking jib (6) is articulated to the piston rods (13c) of the lifting cylinders (13a, 13b).
  13. A crane according to one of Claims 1 to 12, characterised in that associated with the lifting drive (13) there are provided on both sides pairs of spreading arms (27) which can be pivoted out in opposite directions, to which arms supporting discs (28) are attached, projecting downwards.
  14. A crane according to one of Claims 1 to 13, characterised in that in the region of a driver's cabin (5) on the vehicle frame (1) in each case ballast tanks (29, 30) for ballast liquids are arranged.
  15. A crane according to one of Claims 1 to 14, characterised in that the ballast liquids can each be decanted from a ballast tank (29) at one end (11a) of the vehicle frame into another ballast tank (30) at the other end (11b) of the vehicle frame.
EP94250298A 1994-01-31 1994-12-21 Crane, particularly track-bound crane Expired - Lifetime EP0665185B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4403287 1994-01-31
DE4403287A DE4403287C2 (en) 1994-01-31 1994-01-31 Rail-bound mobile crane

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0665185A1 EP0665185A1 (en) 1995-08-02
EP0665185B1 true EP0665185B1 (en) 1997-11-12

Family

ID=6509368

Family Applications (1)

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EP94250298A Expired - Lifetime EP0665185B1 (en) 1994-01-31 1994-12-21 Crane, particularly track-bound crane

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US (1) US5607071A (en)
EP (1) EP0665185B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3704371B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE160131T1 (en)
DE (2) DE4403287C2 (en)
DK (1) DK0665185T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2109596T3 (en)
GR (1) GR3025411T3 (en)

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JP2009149434A (en) * 2007-12-25 2009-07-09 Kobelco Cranes Co Ltd Crawler crane
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DE102013009357A1 (en) * 2012-06-11 2013-12-12 Liebherr-Werk Ehingen Gmbh Modular mobile crane
CN102730579B (en) * 2012-07-02 2015-05-20 中联重科股份有限公司 Support and automobile crane with same
CN102942123B (en) * 2012-12-07 2014-10-29 中联重科股份有限公司 Crane boom support and crane with same
CN104724616A (en) * 2015-01-21 2015-06-24 徐州重型机械有限公司 Transfer device of superlift device
DE102015108725A1 (en) * 2015-06-02 2016-12-08 Terex Cranes Germany Gmbh Swivel bearing arrangement with a pivot pin and at least one bearing block and a mounting method for this
CN110668320A (en) * 2019-10-16 2020-01-10 徐州华裕建筑科技有限公司 Hoisting device for building

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP3704371B2 (en) 2005-10-12
US5607071A (en) 1997-03-04
ES2109596T3 (en) 1998-01-16
ATE160131T1 (en) 1997-11-15
DE4403287A1 (en) 1995-08-03
JPH07215676A (en) 1995-08-15
EP0665185A1 (en) 1995-08-02
DE59404580D1 (en) 1997-12-18
DK0665185T3 (en) 1998-01-05
DE4403287C2 (en) 1997-02-06
GR3025411T3 (en) 1998-02-27

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