EP0655156B1 - Ultraschallwandler - Google Patents
Ultraschallwandler Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0655156B1 EP0655156B1 EP93917707A EP93917707A EP0655156B1 EP 0655156 B1 EP0655156 B1 EP 0655156B1 EP 93917707 A EP93917707 A EP 93917707A EP 93917707 A EP93917707 A EP 93917707A EP 0655156 B1 EP0655156 B1 EP 0655156B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ultrasonic transducer
- matching element
- notch
- transducer according
- depth
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/02—Mechanical acoustic impedances; Impedance matching, e.g. by horns; Acoustic resonators
Definitions
- the invention relates to an ultrasonic transducer with a piezoelectric transducer element, which is provided with a rotationally symmetrical, disk-shaped ⁇ / 4 adaptation body.
- An ultrasonic transducer of the type mentioned above is known from DE-PS 39 11 047.
- the vibrations are influenced by small changes in the diameter of the main surface of the adapter body, based on the diameter of the piezoceramic transducer element, in order to improve its efficiency and its radiation characteristic with small dimensions of the ultrasonic transducer.
- the document also shows that even small changes in shape of the peripheral wall of the adapter body can change the vibrations considerably.
- a straight line is specified as the configuration of the side line of the peripheral surface, which diverges or converges, so that the diameter of the main surface of the adapter body deviates slightly from the main surface of the piezoceramic transducer element.
- Slightly positive or slightly negative curved side lines are also considered advantageous, depending on the thickness of the adaptation body and the diameter of the transducer element, in order to achieve a relatively centered high sound pressure.
- the resulting amplitude distribution has a relative minimum in the central area of the radiation area. The amplitude increases in the radial direction, has its maximum at about half the radius and drops steeply towards the edge. This form of vibration results in losses in the attainable sound pressure and the associated sound lobe shapes have clear side lobes that can lead to malfunctions and malfunctions in practical use.
- the object of the invention to provide an ultrasonic transducer of the type mentioned above, in which, with a small design and due to an improved waveform, high sound pressure is achieved with as little loss as possible and in which the side lobe suppression is better than - 30 dB.
- the ⁇ / 4 adaptation body has an incision on its peripheral surface and / or on its rear surface facing the transducer element. A particularly good radiation behavior is achieved if the incision has a depth of up to a quarter of the disk diameter of the adapter body.
- Such ultrasonic transducers are particularly suitable for industrial use with good acoustic properties and for operation in the ambient medium air.
- the circumferential surface outside of the incision has a circular cylindrical contour.
- the incision is subsequently milled into the peripheral surface, for example, in a disk-shaped, circular-cylindrical adaptation body that is easy to produce.
- the circumferential surface has an incision of at least such a depth that, in the case of unevenly sized circular surfaces on the top and bottom of the ⁇ / 4 adaptation body, the smaller one projected into it Circular surface outgoing cylinder jacket surface intersects.
- the piezoelectric transducer element has a main surface of diameter D in the direction of the main radiation of the ultrasonic vibrations and the underside circular surface of the ⁇ / 4 adapter body facing it has a diameter of between 0.9 D and 1.2 D
- the Varying this parameter in conjunction with the shape and depth of the incision enables a particularly effective form of vibration.
- the effect of the incision with regard to the acoustic properties is particularly good if the depth of the incision is 0.05-0.15 from the disk diameter of the adapter body. If the entire ultrasound transducer is provided with a foam covering without the side of the adaptation layer facing the sonicating medium, this also prevents contamination in the area of the incision with the depressions and corners.
- the front surface of the ultrasound transducer remains unchanged, which has the advantage of being easy to clean if the transducer is contaminated, as well as having an optically better appearance.
- the foam covering is made of polyurethane, the elastic damping of the ultrasound transducer which is primarily aimed at with this foam covering is extremely good.
- an embodiment in which the incision on the rear surface of the adapter body is designed as a cylindrical recess is particularly favorable with regard to the radiation characteristic and is simple to manufacture.
- An equally effective and simple alternative is when the incision on the rear surface of the adapter body is in the form of concentric, annular grooves with a depth up to a maximum of half the thickness of the adapter body.
- the piezoceramic 1 shows an ultrasonic transducer according to the invention with a disk-shaped piezoceramic 1 which is glued over its main surface 7 to a rotationally symmetrical, disk-shaped ⁇ / 4 adaptation body 2 over its circular surface 8 on its underside.
- the diameter d s of the adaptation body 2 consisting of syntactic foam corresponds to that of the piezoceramic 1.
- the adaptation body 2 has the following material data: density 580 kg / m 3 , modulus of elasticity 2150 N / mm 2 and a transverse contraction of 0.285.
- the sound lobe shape according to FIG. 2 results, which can be described as practically free of side lobes, since only side lobes with a vibration amplitude reduced by more than -30 dB compared to the main lobe occur.
- This extraordinarily favorable behavior is due to the profiling of the cylinder jacket surface, which results in a vibration mode with an almost ideal vibration amplitude distribution on the radiation surface of the ⁇ / 4 adaptation body 2 according to FIG. 3.
- the incision 4 in the ⁇ / 4 adaptation body 2 is groove-shaped, as in FIG. 1, but here the underside circular surface 8 of the adaptation body 2 projects beyond the main surface 7 of the piezoceramic 1, which has an influence on the the vibration shape has the optimal shape and position of the groove 4.
- the incision 4 in the peripheral surface 3 of the circular cylindrical ⁇ / 4 adaptation body 2 is trapezoidal.
- the lateral surface of the adaptation body 2, into which the incision 4 is incorporated, can also have a conical side line. This shows e.g. 6, where the incision 4 is triangular and the radiating surface has a larger diameter than the surface of the adapter body glued to the piezoceramic 1.
- the incisions 4 can have a polygonal design or can also be designed as round recess shapes. They can be incorporated into the circumferential surfaces 3 of circular-cylindrical or conical disks as an adaptation body 2, the diameter of which on the bonding surface with the piezoceramic of diameter D is preferably between 0.9 x D and 1.2 x D.
- the exact geometry of the profiling which results in the optimal waveform according to FIG. 3, depends on the mechanical material data and external dimensions of the piezoelectric transducer element 1 and of the adaptation body 2, which also predetermines the order of magnitude of the desired operating frequency. It must be readjusted and optimized for every combination of material data and external dimensions as well as for the desired deflection shape.
- the converters with optimized lateral incisions as shown in FIG. 2, have extremely weak side lobes.
- a side lobe suppression of - 30 to - 40 dB can be achieved.
- Gaussian curves with different slope can be created, which simultaneously changes the - 3 dB width of the main sound lobe.
- a steep drop corresponds to a wider club, a flatter curve, however, a very narrow club.
- the opening angles that can be set are between about 8 ° and 25 °.
- the Gaussian, in-phase distribution of vibrations also increases the degree of transmission, ie the ratio between the voltage of the received echo signal to the associated transmission voltage at a certain distance, by up to a factor of 5 compared to an identical converter without this lateral profiling.
- the ultrasonic sensor is embedded in elastic damping material, preferably polyurethane, which at the same time prevents contamination of the lateral contour with its depressions and corners in the area of the incisions.
- ultrasonic transducers with almost ideal, i.e. Side-beam-free radiation characteristics can be easily produced in a small design. This is achieved using conventional components for ultrasonic transducers by profiling the circumferential surface of the adapter body by means of an incision suitable in shape and depth.
- the radiation behavior of the ultrasonic transducer can be influenced not only by contours on the peripheral surface 3 of the adaptation body 2, but also by incisions 9, 10, 11 on its rear surface 8 facing the piezoceramic, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 be improved.
- a cylindrical recess 9 is provided on the rear surface 8.
- the incisions on the rear surface 8 of the adapter body 2 are in the form of concentric, annular grooves 10, 11.
- a particularly favorable radiation behavior can be achieved by combining side and rear profiles of the adapter body.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP93917707A EP0655156B1 (de) | 1992-08-13 | 1993-07-29 | Ultraschallwandler |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP92113833 | 1992-08-13 | ||
EP92113833 | 1992-08-13 | ||
EP93917707A EP0655156B1 (de) | 1992-08-13 | 1993-07-29 | Ultraschallwandler |
PCT/EP1993/002039 WO1994005004A1 (de) | 1992-08-13 | 1993-07-29 | Ultraschallwandler |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0655156A1 EP0655156A1 (de) | 1995-05-31 |
EP0655156B1 true EP0655156B1 (de) | 1996-06-19 |
Family
ID=8209913
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP93917707A Expired - Lifetime EP0655156B1 (de) | 1992-08-13 | 1993-07-29 | Ultraschallwandler |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5659220A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0655156B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3148242B2 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE59303034D1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1994005004A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19630350A1 (de) * | 1996-07-26 | 1998-01-29 | Siemens Ag | Ultraschallwandler |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19527018C1 (de) * | 1995-07-24 | 1997-02-20 | Siemens Ag | Ultraschallwandler |
DE19623071C2 (de) * | 1996-06-10 | 1998-07-09 | Siemens Ag | Ultraschallwandler |
JP3324593B2 (ja) * | 1999-10-28 | 2002-09-17 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 超音波振動装置 |
DE10216037A1 (de) * | 2002-04-11 | 2003-10-23 | Endress & Hauser Gmbh & Co Kg | Schall-oder Ultraschallsensor |
KR100632480B1 (ko) * | 2004-11-18 | 2006-10-16 | 황경환 | 콘덴서 스피커 |
US7775110B2 (en) * | 2006-09-22 | 2010-08-17 | Denso Corporation | Ultrasonic sensor |
JP7161423B2 (ja) * | 2019-02-20 | 2022-10-26 | 京セラ株式会社 | 超音波センサ |
EP3712607B1 (de) | 2019-03-22 | 2021-05-12 | Sonotec Ultraschallsensorik GmbH | Ultraschallwandler mit einer strukturierten ankoppelschicht |
JP2023122410A (ja) * | 2022-02-22 | 2023-09-01 | 学校法人日本大学 | 超音波投射装置 |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE852467C (de) * | 1939-10-20 | 1952-10-16 | Siemens Ag | Einrichtung zur Erzeugung von Schallschwingungen, insbesondere Ultraschallschwingungen |
US2728869A (en) * | 1950-01-06 | 1955-12-27 | Ultraschall A G | Piezoelectric oscillator or vibrator for ultrasonic waves, especially as an instrument for therapeutical treatment and diagnosis |
US2875354A (en) * | 1954-01-29 | 1959-02-24 | Branson Instr | Piezoelectric transducer |
US3421031A (en) * | 1966-11-23 | 1969-01-07 | United Aircraft Corp | Monocrystalline directional sonic transducer |
US3718898A (en) * | 1971-12-13 | 1973-02-27 | Us Navy | Transducer |
DE2547759C3 (de) * | 1975-10-24 | 1985-08-08 | Endress U. Hauser Gmbh U. Co, 7867 Maulburg | Schall-Echolot für die Messung von Füllständen |
US4217684A (en) * | 1979-04-16 | 1980-08-19 | General Electric Company | Fabrication of front surface matched ultrasonic transducer array |
AU544464B2 (en) * | 1982-12-27 | 1985-05-30 | Tokyo Shibaura Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Ultrasonic transducer |
DE3501808A1 (de) * | 1985-01-21 | 1986-07-24 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Ultraschallwandler |
DE3611669A1 (de) * | 1985-04-10 | 1986-10-16 | Hitachi Medical Corp., Tokio/Tokyo | Ultraschallwandler |
EP0390959A3 (de) * | 1989-04-05 | 1991-10-09 | CRAIGIE, Neil S., Dr. | Ultraschallwandler |
DE3911047A1 (de) * | 1989-04-05 | 1990-10-11 | Pepperl & Fuchs | Ultraschallwandler |
DE4230773C2 (de) * | 1992-09-15 | 2000-05-04 | Endress Hauser Gmbh Co | Ultraschallwandler |
US5452267A (en) * | 1994-01-27 | 1995-09-19 | Magnetrol International, Inc. | Midrange ultrasonic transducer |
-
1993
- 1993-07-29 JP JP50582994A patent/JP3148242B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-07-29 EP EP93917707A patent/EP0655156B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-07-29 US US08/381,982 patent/US5659220A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-07-29 DE DE59303034T patent/DE59303034D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-07-29 WO PCT/EP1993/002039 patent/WO1994005004A1/de active IP Right Grant
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19630350A1 (de) * | 1996-07-26 | 1998-01-29 | Siemens Ag | Ultraschallwandler |
WO1998004361A1 (de) * | 1996-07-26 | 1998-02-05 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Ultraschallwandler mit scheibenförmigen viertelwellenlängen-anpassungskörper |
DE19630350C2 (de) * | 1996-07-26 | 1998-08-20 | Siemens Ag | Ultraschallwandler |
US6104121A (en) * | 1996-07-26 | 2000-08-15 | Siemens Ag | Ultrasonic transducer with a disk-shaped quarter wave length transformer |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE59303034D1 (de) | 1996-07-25 |
EP0655156A1 (de) | 1995-05-31 |
JP3148242B2 (ja) | 2001-03-19 |
WO1994005004A1 (de) | 1994-03-03 |
JPH08500224A (ja) | 1996-01-09 |
US5659220A (en) | 1997-08-19 |
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