EP0648977B2 - Glühkerze - Google Patents
Glühkerze Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0648977B2 EP0648977B2 EP94114747A EP94114747A EP0648977B2 EP 0648977 B2 EP0648977 B2 EP 0648977B2 EP 94114747 A EP94114747 A EP 94114747A EP 94114747 A EP94114747 A EP 94114747A EP 0648977 B2 EP0648977 B2 EP 0648977B2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- contact
- heating element
- hollow body
- glow plug
- ceramic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
- F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
- F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines
Definitions
- the invention relates to a glow plug with a Hollow body in which a ceramic heating element with sintered ceramic heating element is arranged, the protrudes axially on one side of the hollow body and its Heating element with power supply connections is connected and has a heating area.
- Such glow plugs with a ceramic conductor and a metal resistance coil as a heating element are from DE 42 03 183 A1 and DE 41 33 046 A1 known.
- Glow plugs are commonly used as a jump start in diesel engines and alcohol engines, for the ignition of additional heaters, to ignite gas burners etc. related.
- the ceramic conductor consists of a U-shaped curved conductor piece that at the front end of the protruding Part of the heating element is arranged and forms a first heating element.
- This first heating element is via a second heating element in the form of a coil Made of a metallic material with the power supply connections connected.
- the object underlying the invention is in contrast, the glow plug at the beginning mentioned type so that it can be done with a simple Manufacturing process that a smaller number of manufacturing steps, from fewer parts is producible and with a thermal overload is avoided at the contact points.
- the invention Because of the training according to the invention, it is moreover, it is possible to measure the candle give, which corresponds geometrically to metal glow plugs, i.e. a compact ceramic glow plug to carry out, moreover, with the already existing ones and known manufacturing processes in Large series, i.e. is inexpensive to manufacture.
- the invention Glow plug has a heating element, thermally and mechanically even at temperatures stable above 1200 ° C.
- the glow plug shown in Fig. 1 consists essentially from a metallic hollow body 1, in the Cavity a ceramic heating element 2 is arranged is at one end, i.e. at the motor end of the Hollow body 1 protrudes axially from this.
- the heating element 2 is essentially made of a ceramic insulator 7, for example made of AIN, in which a ceramic Conductor 6, for example made of SiC or SiAlON, is sintered.
- the ceramic leader 6 is designed so that in the engine-side heating rod tip, i.e. in the heating area 5, a zone 15 with a higher one electrical resistance is formed.
- This zone 15 forms the actual heating resistor, which is preferably U-shaped in the manner shown in Fig. 1 is.
- This training can be done by an appropriate Doping of the ceramic conductor 6 in the zone 15 or achieved by reducing the cross-section become.
- Zone 15 has a low-resistance area 14 on the two ends of the heating resistor electrically with the connection area, i.e. the Power supply connections that connects at the In Fig. 1 illustrated embodiment of the metallic Hollow body 1 as a ground connection and a Screw or plug connection 3 are the same in the hollow body 1 on the opposite of the heating area 5 Side is arranged.
- the ceramic Head 6 according to the usual manufacturing processes in the ceramic Insulator 7 sintered and by a mechanical Processing before or after the sintering process with contact surfaces 8 and 9 for ground contact and provide the plug contact.
- the arrangement of the ceramic Head 6 and the formation of the contact areas 8 and 9 are such that the ceramic conductor 6 electrically on the one hand in the area of its end section with the metallic hollow body 1 to form the Ground contact and on the other hand at the other end section electrically connected to the connector 3 is.
- the ground contact surface 9 can simultaneously as Serve sealing seat.
- the contact surface 8 is with the Connector 3 in connection, for example can be designed as a round plug.
- the contacting of the ceramic conductor 6 with the power supply connections, i.e. 1 with the metallic hollow body 1 and with the plug connector 3 is a pressure contact. That means that the contact at the contact surfaces 8 and 9 is pressurized. This can be achieved be that the heating element 2 pressure-tight over a Insulating ring 4 is installed in the hollow body 1, on the the edge 12 of the hollow body 1 is crimped, the preload achieved a pressure on the contact surfaces 8 and 9 results.
- the preload can also by heating and axial Compression of the hollow body 1 achieved in the central region 13 or be increased.
- the contacts additionally soldered or with a conductive adhesive or glued to a conductive putty.
- Fig. 1 In the glow plug shown in Fig. 1 are for Improvement of the contact on the contact surfaces 8 and 9 contact parts in the form of metallic contact rings 10 and 11 provided with the ceramic Conductor 6 on the contact surfaces 8 and 9 mechanically and are electrically connected, for example by soldering.
- These contact rings 10 and 11 can be made on the prefabricated Heating rod 2 are applied or with the ceramic Conductor 6 are connected before the ceramic Conductor with the contact rings 10, 11 completely in the ceramic insulator 7 is sintered.
- the ceramic conductor 6 and the contact rings 10, 11 in the insulator 7 ensures that the ceramic conductor 6 on the the contacts diametrically opposite points against hollow bodies 1 or the connector 3 is isolated.
- Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of the invention Glow plug, which is different from that shown in Fig. 1 Embodiment differs in that that it is a bipolar version compared to that in Fig. 1 shown single-pole version has.
- contact parts as contact rings 10, 11 were formed in the one shown in FIG Exemplary embodiment individual contact pieces 17, 18 provided, each for contact with the corresponding arranged and formed first or second pole are.
- the hollow body 1 is opposite the heating elements installed electrically insulated, the surface 21, which is located at the point in FIG. 1 the ground contact surface 9 is designed as pure Sealing surface serves.
- the conductive ceramic of the ceramic conductor 6 therefor be ensured that the ceramic conductor 6 in some areas different resistance temperature coefficients has, i.e. that an area with positive resistance temperature coefficient arises so that the glow plug is self-regulating.
- This self-regulating property can cover the whole area of the ceramic conductor 6 or only be provided over a partial area. Preferably this property is over area 14 available.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
- Spark Plugs (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE59402135.9T DE59402135C5 (de) | 1993-10-15 | 1994-09-19 | Glühkerze |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4335292A DE4335292A1 (de) | 1993-10-15 | 1993-10-15 | Glühkerze |
DE4335292 | 1993-10-15 |
Publications (4)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0648977A2 EP0648977A2 (de) | 1995-04-19 |
EP0648977A3 EP0648977A3 (de) | 1995-08-16 |
EP0648977B1 EP0648977B1 (de) | 1997-03-19 |
EP0648977B2 true EP0648977B2 (de) | 2001-11-21 |
Family
ID=6500295
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP94114747A Expired - Lifetime EP0648977B2 (de) | 1993-10-15 | 1994-09-19 | Glühkerze |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5589091A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0648977B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3712134B2 (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE150537T1 (ja) |
DE (2) | DE4335292A1 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2101416T5 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (32)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19506950C2 (de) * | 1995-02-28 | 1998-07-23 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Glühstiftkerze für Dieselmotoren |
US5676100A (en) * | 1996-08-30 | 1997-10-14 | Caterpillar Inc. | Glow plug assembly |
US5880432A (en) * | 1996-12-23 | 1999-03-09 | Le-Mark International Ltd. | Electric heating device with ceramic heater wedgingly received within a metalic body |
US6144015A (en) * | 1998-09-25 | 2000-11-07 | General Motors Corporation | Glow sensor--ceramic flat plate |
DE19914619A1 (de) * | 1999-03-31 | 2000-10-12 | Beru Ag | Verfahren zum abdichtenden Verschließen des anschlußseitigen Endbereichs des Glührohres einer Glühkerze und Glühkerzen mit verfahrensgemäßem Verschluß |
US6184497B1 (en) * | 1999-06-16 | 2001-02-06 | Le-Mark International Ltd. | Multi-layer ceramic heater element and method of making same |
US6084212A (en) * | 1999-06-16 | 2000-07-04 | Le-Mark International Ltd | Multi-layer ceramic heater element and method of making same |
DE19930334C2 (de) * | 1999-07-02 | 2003-07-31 | Beru Ag | Keramischer Heizstab und diesen enthaltende Glühkerze und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
PL195123B1 (pl) * | 1999-08-27 | 2007-08-31 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Ceramiczna trzpieniowa świeca żarowa |
ATE265023T1 (de) | 1999-08-27 | 2004-05-15 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Keramische glühstiftkerze |
US6285008B1 (en) * | 2000-01-11 | 2001-09-04 | Federal-Mogul World Wide, Inc. | Ignition plug and method of manufacture |
DE10041282B4 (de) * | 2000-08-22 | 2005-02-10 | Beru Ag | Verfahren zur Verbindung eines Heizstabes einer Glühkerze mit ihrem Glühkerzenkörper und eine entsprechende Glühkerze |
US6346688B1 (en) * | 2000-10-24 | 2002-02-12 | O'donnell Steven B. | Glow plug with crimp-secured washer and method |
DE10053327C2 (de) * | 2000-10-27 | 2003-04-10 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Stiftheizer |
US6342690B1 (en) * | 2000-12-01 | 2002-01-29 | O'donnell Steven B. | Glow plug assembly method and construction |
JP2002359060A (ja) * | 2001-05-31 | 2002-12-13 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | ヒータ、及びヒータの製造方法 |
US6539905B1 (en) | 2001-10-25 | 2003-04-01 | International Engine Intellectual Property Company, L.L.C. | Glow plug connection apparatus |
DE10228077A1 (de) * | 2002-06-20 | 2004-01-08 | Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer mechanisch stabilen und elektrisch leitfähigen Verbindung zwischen einem metallischen Aufnahmeelement und einem vorzugsweise stiftförmigen keramischen Element, insbesondere bei Glühkerzen für Dieselmotoren |
DE10339641A1 (de) * | 2003-08-28 | 2005-03-24 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Glühstiftkerze mit besonders eingebettetem Kontaktelement |
US7115836B2 (en) * | 2004-06-29 | 2006-10-03 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Glow plug |
DE102006016566B4 (de) * | 2005-09-22 | 2008-06-12 | Beru Ag | Zusammengesetzter Leiter, insbesondere für Glühkerzen für Dieselmotoren |
US8378273B2 (en) * | 2008-02-20 | 2013-02-19 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Ceramic heater and glow plug |
DE102008035036B3 (de) * | 2008-07-26 | 2010-04-15 | Beru Ag | Keramische Glühkerze |
CN102224381B (zh) | 2008-11-27 | 2013-10-16 | 博格华纳贝鲁系统有限责任公司 | 电热塞及其生产方法 |
KR101525634B1 (ko) * | 2009-03-30 | 2015-06-03 | 엔지케이 인슐레이터 엘티디 | 세라믹 히터 및 그 제조 방법 |
EP2623866B1 (en) * | 2010-09-27 | 2018-06-13 | Kyocera Corporation | Heater and glow plug provided with same |
EP2626631B1 (en) * | 2010-10-05 | 2019-05-08 | NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Glow plug terminal and glow plug |
DE102010062438A1 (de) * | 2010-12-06 | 2012-06-06 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Glühkerze und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
JP5973222B2 (ja) * | 2012-05-07 | 2016-08-23 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | グロープラグ及びその製造方法 |
JP6088897B2 (ja) * | 2013-04-19 | 2017-03-01 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | グロープラグ |
US9644532B2 (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2017-05-09 | Sheldon J. Demmons | Autonomous glow driver for radio controlled engines |
CN105072718B (zh) | 2015-08-21 | 2017-06-16 | 重庆利迈陶瓷技术有限公司 | 一种陶瓷电热体 |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3146653C2 (de) † | 1981-02-07 | 1986-09-04 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Glühkerze für Brennkraftmaschinen |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1213669B (de) * | 1964-01-14 | 1966-03-31 | Eiko Denki Corp | Gluehkerze mit einem elektrischen Widerstandsheizelement aus Siliziumkarbid |
FR2398969A1 (fr) * | 1977-07-29 | 1979-02-23 | Eyquem | Bougie de chauffe pour demarrage de moteurs a allumage par compression |
US4312120A (en) * | 1980-05-22 | 1982-01-26 | Bendix Autolite Corporation | Glow plug manufacture |
US4418661A (en) * | 1981-02-07 | 1983-12-06 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Glow plug, particularly for diesel engine |
JPS5872821A (ja) * | 1981-10-26 | 1983-04-30 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | グロ−プラグとその製法 |
US4582981A (en) * | 1983-06-23 | 1986-04-15 | Allied Corporation | Glow plug having a resistive surface film heater |
EP0194535A3 (en) * | 1985-03-15 | 1988-01-07 | Allied Corporation | Glow plug having a metallic silicide resistive film heater |
DE3701929A1 (de) * | 1986-01-22 | 1987-08-13 | Jidosha Kiki Co | Gluehkerze fuer eine dieselmaschine |
JPS62148869U (ja) * | 1986-03-11 | 1987-09-19 | ||
DE3802233A1 (de) * | 1987-01-22 | 1988-08-04 | Jidosha Kiki Co | Gluehkerze fuer einen dieselmotor |
US5084607A (en) * | 1989-07-28 | 1992-01-28 | Caterpillar Inc. | Interference connection between a heating element and body of a glow plug |
DE4014356A1 (de) * | 1990-05-04 | 1991-11-07 | Beru Werk Ruprecht Gmbh Co A | Gluehkerze |
JPH04143518A (ja) * | 1990-10-04 | 1992-05-18 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | 自己制御型セラミックグロープラグ |
JP3044630B2 (ja) * | 1991-02-06 | 2000-05-22 | ボッシュ ブレーキ システム株式会社 | セラミックヒータ型グロープラグ |
-
1993
- 1993-10-15 DE DE4335292A patent/DE4335292A1/de not_active Ceased
-
1994
- 1994-09-19 DE DE59402135.9T patent/DE59402135C5/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-19 ES ES94114747T patent/ES2101416T5/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-19 AT AT94114747T patent/ATE150537T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-09-19 EP EP94114747A patent/EP0648977B2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-10-11 JP JP24551394A patent/JP3712134B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-10-17 US US08/325,950 patent/US5589091A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3146653C2 (de) † | 1981-02-07 | 1986-09-04 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Glühkerze für Brennkraftmaschinen |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE4335292A1 (de) | 1995-04-20 |
ES2101416T5 (es) | 2002-02-16 |
US5589091A (en) | 1996-12-31 |
EP0648977B1 (de) | 1997-03-19 |
EP0648977A3 (de) | 1995-08-16 |
DE59402135C5 (de) | 2014-07-24 |
ES2101416T3 (es) | 1997-07-01 |
JPH07217880A (ja) | 1995-08-18 |
DE59402135D1 (de) | 1997-04-24 |
EP0648977A2 (de) | 1995-04-19 |
ATE150537T1 (de) | 1997-04-15 |
JP3712134B2 (ja) | 2005-11-02 |
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