Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
  • A24C—MACHINES FOR MAKING CIGARS OR CIGARETTES
  • A24C5/00—Making cigarettes; Making tipping materials for, or attaching filters or mouthpieces to, cigars or cigarettes
  • A24C5/36—Removing papers or other parts from defective cigarettes
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
  • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES OF CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
  • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter tips or filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces of cigars or cigarettes
  • A24D3/02—Manufacture of tobacco smoke filters

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method for processing Waste material in the form of filter rods, filter cigarettes and the like, the Filter material with internal cavities accessible from the outside and at least contain another material component, especially paper and tobacco.
• filter tow stripes can consist, for example, of cellulose acetate or polypropylene filaments.
• the Filter tow strips are pulled from a bale or stack and on one Filter rod machine processed into filter strands covered with paper, after which individual filter rods are finally produced by cutting the filter strands will.
• the filter rods are cylindrical units encased in paper Length of about 66 to 150 mm and a diameter of e.g. 4 mm to 10 mm.
• Each filter rod usually contains enough material for four or six Filter pieces or filter plugs, which are later made using a cigarette manufacturing machine attached to tobacco rods to produce filter cigarettes.
• US-A-4 457 317 discloses a method for removing wrapping paper described by cigarette filter rods, in which the waste or committee of Cigarette filter rods up to the melting point of the thermoplastic adhesive, the the paper wrapping holds together, is heated. Then the Paper wrappings separated from the filter pieces or filter rods. Then the waste is used to heat and separate the paper wrappers from the filter material is flowed with a heated gas, whereby the adhesive liquefied by the action of heat and the paper wrappings of peel off the cellulose acetate fiber material. Because of the different weights or by the different shape of the cellulose acetate material and the enveloping Paper can be used to separate and sort these two Perform components in the airflow because the paper is from the airflow farther than the heavier filter material is transported upwards.
• Cigarette waste arises from the cigarette industry it is known that in the manufacture of Cigarette waste arises.
• the waste cigarettes are therefore, for example, on Cigarette wrapping paper cut open and the tobacco mechanically cut from the Cigarette tube removed. This measure allows the recovery of the valuable tobacco, but not the recovery of the valuable Filter material, for example cellulose acetate.
• the invention has for its object a method of the beginning Specify the type described, in a simple technical manner and under economic process management enables the valuable filter materials, especially in the form of cellulose acetate.
• the method according to the invention is carried out in a pressure vessel.
• a pressure vessel is essentially a heatable pressure vessel with preferably mechanical agitator.
• a suitably designed compressor used, which builds up, for example, a gas pressure of 10 bar the liquid, which is preferably water, in the pressure vessel to saturate with the gas, especially air and / or carbon dioxide.
• the liquid which is preferably water
• a closable opening is provided on the pressure vessel which the waste material can be imported.
• the saturation of the liquid with the gas can, as already stated, take place under pressure. It can be is a partial saturation, saturation or supersaturation. Alternatively, the Measure of partial saturation, saturation or supersaturation also in an upstream Procedural measure outside the pressure vessel in one other container. If necessary, already outside of Pressure vessel the waste material are introduced into the liquid.
• the liquid used for Separation is used in the pressure vessel, compared to the filter material and preferably also to be separated from the others Material components largely inert.
• a gas inert to the filter material, preferably also compared to the other material components to be separated.
• the waste material becomes the liquid supplied, if it is not already included.
• the resulting waste material-liquid mixture becomes mixed or stirred until the filter material separates from the others Detached material components.
• measure c in which the gas dissolved in the liquid at least partially by lowering the pressure and / or raising the temperature in Form of fine gas bubbles is released.
• the pressure is reduced in particular of a relatively high pressure value, which is used to dissolve the gas Liquid was adjusted to a pressure above the ambient pressure or at ambient pressure.
• the relatively high pressure can also be lowered below ambient pressure.
• at Relaxation ie when gas dissolved in the liquid is released again should go through a pressure difference of about 10 bar.
• the high of required pressure difference depends on various factors, so for example on the nature of the respective material and mainly of its "porosity".
• the method according to the invention can advantageously be designed by raising the temperature during measure c) so that Hot melt adhesives, commonly used in the cigarette industry as seams used to glue the filter cover, melt and itself thus separate from the filter material. Generally one is sufficient here Temperature increase to about 80 ° C or a little more to liquefy of the hot melt adhesive to allow a regular melting point of about 80 ° C. No hot melt adhesive was used, but for example a glue in the form of polyvinyl acetate is one Temperature increase is not necessary as glue of this type is already present Dissolve the ambient temperature in water.
• wetting agents are used in the context of the invention, then the present invention in their selection no significant restrictions.
• These are natural and / or synthetic substances that the Reduce the surface tension of water or other liquids. These can be, for example, alkylbenzenesulfonates, alkanesulfonates, Fatty alcohol sulfates, fatty alcohol ether sulfates, fatty alcohol epoxylates and the like act (see Römpp Chemie-Lexikon, 9th ed., 1992, Vol. 6, p. 4495 ff).
• the method according to the invention uses an "inner Flotation"the valuable filter material, e.g. cellulose acetate, safely, technically simple and economical from the other components of the waste material, such as. separate from the wrapping paper and tobacco.
• This is the recovery of a high-purity valuable cellulose acetate for the first time become possible.
• This can be in a suitable solvent, e.g. Acetone, can be dissolved to make it into further filaments and thus to be fed to filter tows.
• the method according to the invention enables that the wrapping paper and any tobacco residues when reprocessing the Cigarette filter material not with e.g. the solvent acetone come. Therefore, the paper and tobacco can be disposed of in an environmentally friendly manner and be recycled.
• the method according to the invention since the method according to the invention is not included Solvents must work, no explosion protection is required to become. This enables simple and safe operation.
• the stake of water as a treatment liquid has the advantage that only exceptionally Dyes are released from the paper's cigarette waste, creating a high yield of valuable cellulose acetate in optimal purity can be achieved.
• the ones commonly used in filter materials can be used easily remove plasticizers, especially in the form of triacetin.
• the method according to the invention accordingly forms a very advantageous recycling of components of cigarette waste or cigarette filter materials, at which practically all of the original cellulose acetate in highly pure form is recovered.
• Water is used as the liquid in a pressure vessel, which is heated to 95 ° C and placed under a pressure of 11 bar (absolute) and thus saturated.
• the pressure vessel has a volume of 300 l. 290 l of water and 15 kg of waste material are filled. It is provided with a conventional mechanical stirrer of the "Interprop" type from Ekato Rlick- und Mischtechnik GmbH, Schopfheim.
• the waste material is introduced into this pressure vessel together with the water via a lock.
• the waste material is then stirred in the water heated to 95 ° C. until paper and tobacco residues have detached from the filter material based on cellulose acetate.
• the stirring takes place at a stirrer speed of 130 rpm.
• the warm water causes the hot-melt adhesive to dissolve.
• triacetin is dissolved out.
• the pressure in the pressure vessel is then reduced from 11 bar (absolute) to ambient pressure (relaxation rate in bar / min: 1.2), so that air bubbles form on the surface of the materials to be separated and in the interior of the filter material.
• the temperature remains at around 95 ° C.
• a mechanical stirrer is then used to ensure that the air bubbles on the outer surface of the materials to be separated are knocked off.
• the air bubbles remaining inside the filter material cause the filter material to rise and thus separate from the accompanying materials after the stirring has been stopped.
• the sinking material components ie the paper and the tobacco, can be removed at the bottom of the pressure vessel.
• the cellulose acetate filter material can then be washed to remove any impurities. Then it is mechanically dehumidified and then dried.

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• Manufacturing Of Cigar And Cigarette Tobacco (AREA)
• Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=6490469

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Families Citing this family (6)

Family Cites Families (17)

• 1993
  • 1993-06-16 DE DE4319958A patent/DE4319958C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1993-07-14 US US08/092,384 patent/US5402893A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1994
  • 1994-03-30 DE DE59406109T patent/DE59406109D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1994-03-30 EP EP94105037A patent/EP0629355B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1994-06-13 PL PL94303819A patent/PL174406B1/pl unknown
  • 1994-06-15 CA CA002125911A patent/CA2125911C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1994-06-16 JP JP6134219A patent/JPH0829073B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime

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