EP0615802A2 - Installation de coulée continue de lingots pour laminage - Google Patents

Installation de coulée continue de lingots pour laminage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0615802A2
EP0615802A2 EP94101178A EP94101178A EP0615802A2 EP 0615802 A2 EP0615802 A2 EP 0615802A2 EP 94101178 A EP94101178 A EP 94101178A EP 94101178 A EP94101178 A EP 94101178A EP 0615802 A2 EP0615802 A2 EP 0615802A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
continuous casting
elevation
installation according
casting installation
sprue
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP94101178A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0615802B1 (fr
EP0615802A3 (fr
Inventor
Wolfgang Dr.-Ing. Schneider
Werner Dr.-Ing. Droste
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vereinigte Aluminium Werke AG
Vaw Aluminium AG
Original Assignee
Vereinigte Aluminium Werke AG
Vaw Aluminium AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Vereinigte Aluminium Werke AG, Vaw Aluminium AG filed Critical Vereinigte Aluminium Werke AG
Publication of EP0615802A2 publication Critical patent/EP0615802A2/fr
Publication of EP0615802A3 publication Critical patent/EP0615802A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0615802B1 publication Critical patent/EP0615802B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/08—Accessories for starting the casting procedure
    • B22D11/081—Starter bars
    • B22D11/083—Starter bar head; Means for connecting or detaching starter bars and ingots

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a continuous ingot rolling mill comprising a mold with a shaping attachment 1 and a sprue 3 which closes the mold 2 in the start-up state and which absorbs the molten metal emerging from the shaping attachment 1 in the vertical direction.
  • the mold consists of a low, water-cooled ring, which is closed before the start of the pouring process by means of a base piece attached to the lowerable casting table or a sprue. With the onset of solidification of the metal flowing in from the casting furnace at a low temperature via a channel, the table is lowered and the emerging block is directly cooled by targeted water spraying.
  • the ingot base arches with its corners upwards away from the sprue.
  • the extent of this warping increases with the aspect ratio and with the bar format. Due to the warping, the ingot loses stability on the sprue. Water runs into the gap between the sprue and the ingot, evaporates and leads to "bumping". In connection with the lower stability, the bar can wobble and become crooked. Furthermore, the thermal contact between the sprue and the bottom of the bar is lost through the gap.
  • the ingot In unfavorable conditions, the ingot can melt or break open on the underside and metal can flow out, which leads to a casting situation that is critical from a safety point of view. Furthermore, due to the warping process on the narrow side of the ingot in the mold, the edge shell formed there is lifted off the cooling mold surface, the growth of the edge shell is disrupted, in unfavorable conditions the edge shell can break open and melt and melt can escape downwards. On the one hand, this leads to a critical casting situation, on the other hand, so-called beards (eng. Icicles) form on the narrow sides, which interfere with the further processing of the ingot.
  • the so-called bar arch also determines the foot scrap, the part that has to be sawed off from the underside before the bar is further processed.
  • the warping process is often asymmetrical, which increases the foot scrap and increases the tendency to the above-mentioned errors.
  • NBBryson (Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly, 7 (1968, p.55 / 59) proposes a so-called impulse water cooling, in which the cooling water flow is interrupted periodically in the pouring phase.
  • the bar surface can heat up temporarily and cooling voltages are not so great
  • complex, fast-switching valves are required in order to be able to switch the cooling water quantities on and off quickly, and large pressure surges can also be induced in the pipeline network.
  • H.Yu Light Metals, AIME Proceedings, 1980, p.613 / 6278 tries to influence the actual cooling process by dissolving gases, preferably C0 2 , in the water.
  • gases preferably C0 2
  • the gas When it hits the hot ingot, the gas is supposed to form a thin, insulating vapor layer that reduces cooling, thus reducing the build-up of tension and reducing the curvature of the ingot foot.
  • the solubility of C0 2 in water depends heavily on the initial temperature and the composition of the water.
  • a targeted adjustment of the cooling effect, ie a dosage of the C0 2 addition adjusted to the water quality, is only possible with complex measuring methods.
  • FE Wagstaff similarly suggests mixing the cooling water with air in the mold shortly before it hits the ingot.
  • the air bubbles in the water should act in the same way as the dissolved C0 2 .
  • This process is known under the name TurboCRT (Curl Reduction Technology). It is subject to similar restrictions as the C0 2 process with regard to the specifically set cooling depending on the water quality. In addition, the even distribution of air in the water is problematic.
  • the object of the present invention is to improve a continuous billet casting system of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that the cast-on security and the bar stability are increased and the formation of a warp as well as the occurrence of foot scrap is significantly reduced.
  • the ingot on the one hand succeeds in giving a firm hold so that it cannot wobble.
  • the force required at the casting end to lift the ingot off the sprue is significantly reduced by the conical design of the elevation in comparison to the force to be applied in the case of the rectangular cross section of the elevation.
  • the heat flow from the melt into the sprue stone can be influenced favorably, so that a good cooling of the solidifying ingot with high heat dissipation is made possible, the elevation is cooled from the inside or consists of an insert that is positively inserted into the bottom of the sprue.
  • the insert is made of a copper alloy, which has particularly favorable heat transfer properties.
  • the elevation is expedient for the elevation to be completely or partially arbitrated. It is also possible to reduce the size of the top of the elevation, which is directed towards the melt inlet, and to transfer it into the side walls for recessing with a roof-like attachment.
  • the cooling water flowing out of the mold can also be collected at the base of the sprue via baffles and fed into the cooling holes.
  • This embodiment represents a particularly simple and safe device for cooling the sprue.
  • the sprue according to the invention is shown in plan view according to view A and in two sections B, C.
  • the sprue stone (3) has a peripheral edge (4) which is beveled towards the depression (5).
  • the depression according to the invention is 80 mm, while in the case of a bar format of 2200 x 600 mm or 1050 x 600 mm, the depression can be 140 mm +/- 40 mm.
  • the width S of the peripheral edge is preferably 5-40 mm.
  • Symmetrical to the central axes (7), (8) of the sprue block according to the invention is an elevation (6) in the interior of the recess (5). It consists of a trapezoidal conical part, seen in cross section, that has bevelled side surfaces (11), (12) and (13).
  • the inclination of the side wall (11) and (12) is between 30 - 60 ° (angle d) while the inclination of the side surface (13) is between 30 - 36 ((angle e) measured to the vertical.
  • the distances between the edge (4) and the elevation (6) at the bottom of the depression (5) are between 0-200 mm, the distance to the narrow side measured as a preferably being 100-150 mm and to the broad side of the sprue stone as b is preferably 30-100 mm.
  • a drain channel (32) for the cooling water that accumulates in the depression is also a drain channel (32) for the cooling water that accumulates in the depression.
  • the height H of the elevation (6) is preferably about half to two thirds of the height h of the depression (5). It is advantageous if the edges of the side walls (11), (12) and (13) of the elevation (6) are rounded. In sections B and C, the rounding radii are indicated by R.
  • Fig. 1 shows the simplest possible embodiment of the invention.
  • the sprue stone is made of solid material. As a basic form, it has a trough-shaped inner contour, the trough depth h being dependent on the bar width. Such a trough usually has a peripheral edge with the width s, this width not having to be constant on the circumference of the bars.
  • the tub is not completely worked out of the solid material, the cone according to the invention remains in the tub. In the simplest case, the shape of the cone is rectangular. The distance a is chosen so that additional drainage holes can be drilled to the side or down to prevent bumping. These holes are closed in a known manner at the start of casting.
  • the size of the cone and the tub can be coordinated so that the filling volume of the stone corresponds to that of a conventional sprue stone. Then it is also possible to combine the process of casting with a sprue with a cone with already known measures for reducing stress in the casting phase, such as the C0 2 technology, the pulsed water technology or the turbo technology.
  • the roof plane (25) of the elevation is flattened in the longitudinal direction of the sprue towards the narrow sides.
  • the lowering of the roof planes (23), (24) to the narrow sides of the rectangular sprue is selected so that the edge shell formed on the roof is not directly flown with during and after the bar foot warps during the pouring phase.
  • the first example is a bar measuring 600 x 200 mm, so that the outer dimension of the sprue is also 600 x 200 mm.
  • the roof area (23) of the roof plane (25) can have the following values: L 1 is approximately 1/8 of the cone length and L 2 is approximately 1/4 of the cone length, the length of the cone being 480 mm in the foot area and 285 in the roof area mm. If the elevation is conical, the thickness or width is 70 mm in the upper region and 100 mm in the lower region of the cone foot.
  • a bar measuring 1000 x 400 mm is cast with a suitably dimensioned mold.
  • the sprue stone has a conical elevation, the length of which is 870 mm in the lower region (base level) and 620 mm in the upper region.
  • the thickness or width of the conical elevation is 95 mm in the upper area and 200 mm in the foot area.
  • This information relates to the formats of the sprue shown in Figure 2.
  • the angles g and f associated with the lengths L 1 and L 2 are in the range from 30 to 600. If the crease edge is rounded off, the counter-angles must be formed in order to determine the correct position.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further variant of the sprue according to the invention, in which the flattening has an elliptical plan in the longitudinal and transverse directions, with the radii R1, R2, R3 and R4.
  • the radius R1 is approximately 70% of R3
  • a width R4 at the foot end of the elevation R2 is approximately 75% of R4.
  • angles c, d and e are to be chosen in the embodiment according to FIG. 3 so that the ingot has a firm hold on the conical seat of the elevation (6) when shrinking, but easily at the end of the casting process can be removed. If the angle is too steep, for example over 65, the bar slides upwards on the cone and cannot be held firmly. If the angle is too small of less than 25 ° , the ingot clings so tightly to the cone that it can no longer be lifted off the sprue.
  • the elevation with an elliptical plan has the advantage that a larger area can be specified for the optimal angle without the bar foot shrinking too tightly or losing its hold.
  • the side surfaces of the elevation (16) are spherical in FIG.
  • the angle x of the inclined side surfaces (15) increases continuously, so that a bevel (28) is formed.
  • the continuous casting installation with the sprue block shown here has an even more favorable operating behavior in the sprue phase and at the end of the casting.
  • the elevation (33) has side surfaces (34), (35) with a corrugated structure.
  • the corrugations (14) have alternating angles v, w, one of the two angles being smaller and one being larger than the optimal angle. This allows the bar base to shrink on the conical side surfaces and slide upwards at the same time. The ingot thus has a firm hold during casting. After the casting process has ended, the adhesive surface between the ingot and the corrugated side walls (34), (35) is so small that the ingot can be detached from the sprue without great additional effort.
  • this problem is solved by applying coatings or sizes to the surface of the elevation, wherein the coatings or sizes can also be partially applied.
  • the heat transfer from the melt into the elevation can be influenced in such a way that the heat introduced from the elevation is dissipated in a shorter time than would be required for the heating up to the melting point. In the casting phase, in which no edge shell has yet formed on the elevation, this protects the elevation surface from the inflowing melt.
  • the sprue is not machined from a full block, but rather that the bump is made of another metal, preferably a copper alloy, and is inserted into the sprue in a fluid form.
  • the insert (26) can be screwed or shrunk into the base (27) of the sprue (3).
  • the insert part (26) can develop its full cooling effect in the sprue phase, since the elevation made from a copper alloy can be subjected to higher thermal loads than with a sprue block made from an aluminum alloy.
  • the sprue block according to the invention is provided in the trough-shaped recess (5) with an elevation (38) which is provided with a groove (26) in the longitudinal direction on its upper side.
  • the depth of the groove (26) is dimensioned such that the bar foot can slide upwards on the conical part of the elevation without falling out of the groove engagement.
  • the width of the groove is dimensioned such that it can be filled well with the molten metal, so that a solid web is formed on the bar foot, which engages in the groove (26).
  • the ingot is pushed up by the shrinkage on the cone. It can happen that the bar rises differently on the two long sides. This has the consequence that the ingot gets a kink in the foot area.
  • the bar is guided through the groove in such a way that it slides evenly upwards on the cone on both sides and has a firm grip.
  • the groove can also be replaced by one or more bores or by another guide.
  • FIG. 8 several elevations (33), (34) running in parallel are arranged in the longitudinal direction in the depression of the sprue block.
  • the height hs in the present example can be kept smaller, so that the volume enclosed by the border (4) is compared to the previous ones existing examples enlarged.
  • the melt absorption capacity of the sprue according to FIG. 8 is particularly favorable for alloys which are difficult to cast.
  • FIG. 9 shows a sprue block according to the invention with a plurality of cooling water bores (29) in the elevation (6).
  • Water is preferably used as the cooling medium.
  • the cooling medium can also be directed in a targeted manner into the particularly stressed areas of the conical elevation by means of conventional inserts.
  • cooling spirals are shown as inserts.
  • the water inlet is designated by (39) and opens into a water chamber (40) from which the cooling spiral is acted on by the cooling medium.
  • the water outlet is led directly out of the cooling spiral through the wall of the sprue via a line (41).
  • the secondary cooling of the continuous casting system can also be used.
  • the secondary cooling water is collected by means of a collecting device attached to a sprue (3) and discharged into the interior of the sprue via bores (31).
  • the collecting device preferably consists of baffles (30) which are attached directly to the underside of the sprue.
  • the water emerges via a line (42) which is arranged in the central axis (8) below the elevation (6).
  • the secondary water is indicated by arrows (43). Since the cooling is only necessary and sensible when filling the sprue and the mold until the lower edge of the ingot is moved into the area of the secondary cooling, it is sufficient that the cooling water supply is also accomplished solely by the water branched off from the secondary cooling.
  • FIG. 11 shows an elevation part (17) which is continuous in the longitudinal direction from the peripheral edge (4) and has a trapezoidal cross section.
  • the inclined side surfaces (18), (19) give rise to relatively wide grooves b, so that here preferably easily castable alloys such as e.g. Pure aluminum can be used.
  • FIG. 12 shows a schematic representation of the behavior of the edge shell in the area of the narrow sides of a continuous billet casting plant.
  • the time sequence is indicated by T1-T4, the formation of the curvature in the ingot foot (42) being recognizable.
  • Numeral (1) denotes a hot head with an overhang F.
  • the sprue stone (3) has entered the mold (2) and the filling process begins.
  • T2 the edge shell has developed completely and at T3 the ingot buckles due to the shrinking process. Excretion may occur in the dotted areas.
  • FIG. 13 shows the reduction in the bar foot curvature achieved with an exemplary embodiment of a sprue block according to the invention for a format of 1100 ⁇ 400 mm compared to a conventional sprue block under the same casting conditions.
  • the conventional sprue stone had a depth of 60 mm
  • the sprue stone according to FIG. 1 had a depth of 160 mm and a cone of 100 mm.
  • the warping was recorded during the casting by means of linear displacement sensors, the measuring points were on the middle of the narrow side, the mean value of the values measured on the left and right (or front and rear) is shown.
  • the warpage at the end of the pouring phase was reduced from approx. 33 mm to approx. 18 mm on each side.
  • the sprue with cone primarily reduces the warping speed at the beginning of warping.
  • this speed is approximately 50 mm / min on each side at the level of the casting speed. If the curvature is distributed unevenly on the two narrow sides, this means that one of the narrow sides can move upward into the mold opposite to the casting direction. Hot-head billet ingot molds can then damage the hot-head.
  • the sprue stone with cone reduces the maximum warping speed to less than 20 mm / min. Even with one-sided warping, the resulting warping speed of the other side would remain less than the lowering speed, with less than 40 mm / min.
  • the lower warpage also results in a smaller gap between the mold and the sprue. Water penetrates into this gap, the water evaporates and the ingot can "dance" (bumping) on the sprue.
  • Fig. 12 it is indicated schematically how the edge shell 43 in the area of the narrow sides during the warping process from the tread of the The mold lifts off and creates a gap with greatly reduced heat removal from the edge shell.
  • segregations can occur up to the complete melting of the shell.
  • This gap becomes smaller due to the smaller curvature associated with the sprue stone with cone.
  • the lower warping speed results in a higher absolute lowering speed of the edge shell in this area, the critical area at risk of breakthrough is lowered more quickly from the mold into the area of the secondary cooling. In practice, there is a significantly reduced tendency to form increases and the resulting beards.
  • FIG. 14 shows the results of the attempts to reduce warping when using a sprue with a cone for a format of 600 x 200 mm in comparison with a conventional sprue.
  • a conventional sprue block with different depths between 0 mm and 80 mm and a sprue block according to the invention with cones of 40 mm, 60 mm and 80 mm height at a tub depth of 80 mm and a further sprue block according to the invention with a depth of 60 mm and a cone are compared of 40 mm.
  • the casting conditions were the same in all tests, in particular the same casting speeds and cooling water quantities were used.
  • the conventional sprue block shows that from a tub depth of 20 mm the curvature decreases with increasing tub depth from over 18 mm to values around 12 mm with a tub depth of 80 mm.
  • the cone can be further reduced by the cone.
  • An increasing cone height results in an additional stiffening of the bar base, i.e. in a further reduction in warpage.
  • With a cone of 80 mm the curvature is only 8 to 9 mm. Even in the case of the 60 mm deep sprue stone, the warping by the cone is additionally reduced by approx. 1 to 2 mm.
  • a mere deepening of the trough without a cone leads, as shown in Fig.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
EP94101178A 1993-03-05 1994-01-27 Installation de coulée continue de lingots pour laminage Expired - Lifetime EP0615802B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4306943A DE4306943C2 (de) 1993-03-05 1993-03-05 Anfahrkopf für eine Vertikal-Stranggießanlage
DE4306943 1993-03-05

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0615802A2 true EP0615802A2 (fr) 1994-09-21
EP0615802A3 EP0615802A3 (fr) 1997-11-12
EP0615802B1 EP0615802B1 (fr) 1999-08-11

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EP94101178A Expired - Lifetime EP0615802B1 (fr) 1993-03-05 1994-01-27 Installation de coulée continue de lingots pour laminage

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US (1) US5947183A (fr)
EP (1) EP0615802B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2668329B2 (fr)
AU (1) AU663435B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2117016C (fr)
DE (2) DE4306943C2 (fr)
NO (1) NO300164B1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2082544C1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA941247B (fr)

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US6453712B1 (en) 2000-06-07 2002-09-24 Alcoa Inc. Method for reducing crop losses during ingot rolling
US6474074B2 (en) 2000-11-30 2002-11-05 International Business Machines Corporation Apparatus for dense chip packaging using heat pipes and thermoelectric coolers
JP5074197B2 (ja) * 2005-11-02 2012-11-14 東邦チタニウム株式会社 金属の溶解装置および製造方法
JP4586166B2 (ja) * 2006-06-21 2010-11-24 国立大学法人富山大学 羽毛状晶アルミニウム合金鋳塊及びその鋳造方法
US20090050290A1 (en) * 2007-08-23 2009-02-26 Anderson Michael K Automated variable dimension mold and bottom block system
US9545662B2 (en) * 2007-08-23 2017-01-17 Wagstaff, Inc. Automated variable dimension mold and bottom block system
US8893804B2 (en) * 2009-08-18 2014-11-25 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Alternating flow resistance increases and decreases for propagating pressure pulses in a subterranean well
US8646483B2 (en) 2010-12-31 2014-02-11 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Cross-flow fluidic oscillators for use with a subterranean well
US8733401B2 (en) * 2010-12-31 2014-05-27 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Cone and plate fluidic oscillator inserts for use with a subterranean well
US8356655B2 (en) 2011-02-09 2013-01-22 United Technologies Corporation Shot tube plunger for a die casting system
US8573066B2 (en) 2011-08-19 2013-11-05 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Fluidic oscillator flowmeter for use with a subterranean well
US8955585B2 (en) 2011-09-27 2015-02-17 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Forming inclusions in selected azimuthal orientations from a casing section
JP2013091072A (ja) * 2011-10-25 2013-05-16 Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Ltd アルミニウムの半連続鋳造装置および該装置を用いるアルミニウムの半連続鋳造方法
AR109299A1 (es) 2016-08-08 2018-11-14 Vesuvius Crucible Co Placa de impacto
JP6634542B2 (ja) * 2016-09-27 2020-01-22 ハイドロ アルミニウム ロールド プロダクツ ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツングＨｙｄｒｏ Ａｌｕｍｉｎｉｕｍ Ｒｏｌｌｅｄ Ｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｓ ＧｍｂＨ 金属ストランドの複数鋳造のための方法
WO2023096919A1 (fr) * 2021-11-23 2023-06-01 Oculatus Llc Bloc inférieur pour coulée semi-continue

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4306943A1 (de) 1994-09-08
NO940709D0 (no) 1994-03-01
NO300164B1 (no) 1997-04-21
JP2668329B2 (ja) 1997-10-27
CA2117016C (fr) 2000-05-02
DE4306943C2 (de) 1995-05-18
EP0615802B1 (fr) 1999-08-11
EP0615802A3 (fr) 1997-11-12
CA2117016A1 (fr) 1994-09-06
US5947183A (en) 1999-09-07
NO940709L (no) 1994-09-06
DE59408598D1 (de) 1999-09-16
ZA941247B (en) 1994-09-19
RU2082544C1 (ru) 1997-06-27
AU5754894A (en) 1994-09-15
AU663435B2 (en) 1995-10-05
JPH071083A (ja) 1995-01-06

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