EP0592821B1 - Sprengschutzmatte - Google Patents
Sprengschutzmatte Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0592821B1 EP0592821B1 EP93114717A EP93114717A EP0592821B1 EP 0592821 B1 EP0592821 B1 EP 0592821B1 EP 93114717 A EP93114717 A EP 93114717A EP 93114717 A EP93114717 A EP 93114717A EP 0592821 B1 EP0592821 B1 EP 0592821B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- explosion
- layers
- composite plate
- matrix
- mat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000845082 Panama Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
- F41H5/02—Plate construction
- F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
- F41H5/0442—Layered armour containing metal
- F41H5/0457—Metal layers in combination with additional layers made of fibres, fabrics or plastics
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
- F41H5/02—Plate construction
- F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
- F41H5/0471—Layered armour containing fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers
- F41H5/0478—Fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers in combination with plastics layers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H7/00—Armoured or armed vehicles
- F41H7/02—Land vehicles with enclosing armour, e.g. tanks
- F41H7/04—Armour construction
- F41H7/042—Floors or base plates for increased land mine protection
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/911—Penetration resistant layer
Definitions
- the invention relates to an explosion protection mat, in particular for protecting the wall of passenger compartments of vehicles, consisting of several layers of antiballistic textile fabrics, which are embedded in a matrix in accordance with the shape of the wall, and a method for producing these explosion protection mats.
- Explosion protection mats or explosion protection layers of this type are known, for example for cladding the floor area of armored vehicles.
- Antiballistic textile fabrics for example aramid fabric, are used in the manufacture, as are also known from the manufacture of bulletproof vests.
- aramid fabric is used in the manufacture, as are also known from the manufacture of bulletproof vests.
- approximately six layers of aramid fabric are placed on the floor panel of the vehicle and then cast with a resin to form a matrix embedding the fabric layers in order to prevent moisture absorption by the fabric. This is done by hand and is also time-consuming, since it can take several days for the resin to set completely and no further work is possible inside the vehicle during this time.
- an explosion protection layer has sufficient resistance to projectiles and bomb or shell fragments due to the aramid fabric, it is not sufficiently rigid to absorb the compressive forces generated in the event of an explosion.
- the vehicle floor can bulge by more than 30 cm with the known explosion protection layer, creating a great risk of injury to the occupants.
- Explosion protection layers made of pressed packages of glass fiber reinforced plastic with a thickness of approximately 12 mm are also known, which have sufficient rigidity to absorb the explosion pressure.
- the disadvantage of these explosive protection layers lies in their high weight of approximately 24 kg / m 2 and in the fact that for the manufacture of the GRP packages following the shape of the vehicle floor, a separate, relatively expensive form is required for each vehicle type.
- WO 91/07275 discloses a protective element for aircraft in which a composite panel consisting of a honeycomb structure is embedded between two fiber-reinforced plastic layers.
- the layers consist of very strong plastic, e.g. Epoxy resin.
- the protective elements are perforated so that the detonation pressure is not completely stopped.
- DE-29 27 653 A1 discloses a bulletproof protective element for motor vehicles, among other things, in which the textile fabrics are embedded in a matrix with thermosetting plastics that harden by cooling, for example polyethylene, polyamide, polypropylene, and between them a relatively thin hard layer of metal or ceramic is arranged.
- the thin hard layer increases the security of these elements against penetration, but does not provide a high resistance (bending stiffness) that prevents bulging of the flat element.
- the object of the invention is to provide an explosive protection mat which, with low weight and low manufacturing expenditure, has a sufficiently high protective effect against projectiles, mines, bombs and grenade fragments and the detonation pressure.
- the matrix consists of a flexible setting material, in particular rubber, and that between two inner layers of the textile fabric a rigid composite plate arranged parallel to the main plane of the wall, consisting of a honeycomb structure or corrugated structure provided with two outer layers , is arranged.
- the explosion protection mat can be removed from the production mold when they are finished and installed as a molded part in the passenger compartment of the vehicle.
- the explosion protection mat is given the necessary strength to absorb the detonation pressure forces.
- the rigid composite plate preferably consists of a honeycomb structure made of plastic or aluminum and provided with two cover layers. Alternatively, a corrugated structure made of plastic or aluminum can be used to form the composite panel two cover layers.
- this second construction is only rigid in one direction.
- a composite plate with a thickness of 5 - 20 mm is sufficient for sufficient absorption of the detonation pressure forces.
- the detonation pressure under the specified test conditions results in a deformation of an armored vehicle floor of this type of less than 10 cm, that is to say approximately 1/3 of the deformation of the aramid fabric cast in plastic.
- the explosion protection mat produced in this way has a weight of less than 6 kg / m 2 and therefore offers a considerable weight reduction compared to the known GRP packages.
- the textile fabric of the explosion protection mat is preferably an aramid fabric.
- Aramid fabrics with Panama weave and the same strength in the weft and warp direction have proven particularly effective. Since the aramid fabric also achieves part of its antiballistic effect through elastic deformation, the larger number of fabrics should preferably be arranged between the composite panel and the passenger compartment. The layers arranged between the vehicle wall and the composite panel cannot greatly delay the projectiles and fragments because they cannot yield elastically.
- the cavities in this area can be foamed with a plastic.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a less complex and inexpensive method for producing the explosion protection mat.
- the insertion of the layers of antiballistic fabric and the composite panel in the manufacturing mold can be automated will.
- the setting time is integrated in the manufacturing process for the explosion protection mat and therefore does not delay the work on the armor of the vehicle.
- the production creates a molded part that can be quickly attached and attached to the corresponding area of the passenger compartment.
- rubber is used as the matrix material, which is vulcanized after inserting the rubberized flat structures and the composite plate into the production mold in an autoclave at a pressure of about 7 bar and a temperature of about 150 ° C.
- the sheet metal forming the vehicle wall can be used as the production mold, and no expensive production of a special mold is necessary.
- a composite plate 3 is arranged between these layers and consists of a honeycomb structure and two cover plates connected to it.
- the composite plate 3 is arranged only on the floor level of the floor panel 1, above which the seat for the vehicle occupants is arranged. In the areas to the side of it, such as on the right the cardan tunnel and on the left the area reinforced by the door sill, great flexural rigidity of the explosion protection mat is less important.
- the rigid intermediate layer of the composite plate 3 ' is formed by a corrugated or zigzag plate made of aluminum or plastic, which is firmly connected to two cover layers. Since the composite panel 3 'in FIG. 2 only rests on the ribs in the vehicle floor panel 1 following areas of the layers 2 of the fabric, the gaps are foamed with a plastic 4 to prevent vibrations of the composite panel 3'.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 also correspond to the mold arrangements which can be pushed into an autoclave during the manufacture of the explosion protection mat for vulcanization.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
- Inorganic Insulating Materials (AREA)
- Vehicle Step Arrangements And Article Storage (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4234369A DE4234369C1 (de) | 1992-10-12 | 1992-10-12 | Sprengschutzmatte |
DE4234369 | 1992-10-12 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0592821A1 EP0592821A1 (de) | 1994-04-20 |
EP0592821B1 true EP0592821B1 (de) | 1996-10-30 |
Family
ID=6470274
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP93114717A Expired - Lifetime EP0592821B1 (de) | 1992-10-12 | 1993-09-14 | Sprengschutzmatte |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5517894A (da) |
EP (1) | EP0592821B1 (da) |
JP (1) | JPH06201298A (da) |
AT (1) | ATE144826T1 (da) |
DE (2) | DE4234369C1 (da) |
DK (1) | DK0592821T3 (da) |
ES (1) | ES2093897T3 (da) |
GR (1) | GR3022176T3 (da) |
IL (1) | IL107099A (da) |
Families Citing this family (41)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1996018078A1 (en) * | 1994-12-06 | 1996-06-13 | Kalinic^¿, Praha, Spol. S.R.O. | Bulletproof construction element |
IT1290424B1 (it) * | 1995-10-25 | 1998-12-03 | Denel Pty Ltd | Kit di sovrablindatura da usarsi nel proteggere una zona protetta. |
DE19543127A1 (de) * | 1995-11-18 | 1997-04-03 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Beschußsichere Matte, insbesondere zum Abdecken von Fahrzeugwandungen |
DE19635946A1 (de) * | 1996-09-05 | 1998-03-12 | Krauss Maffei Ag | Minenschutz |
DE19651174C2 (de) * | 1996-12-10 | 2000-06-08 | Contitech Formteile Gmbh | Panzerungsplatte |
DE19731270A1 (de) * | 1997-07-22 | 1999-02-11 | Koch Marion | Bauwerk mit einer Tragkonstruktion und Wänden aus flexiblem Material |
DE19837613A1 (de) * | 1998-08-19 | 2000-02-24 | Hugo Meyer | Transportbehälter |
US6627296B1 (en) * | 1999-03-03 | 2003-09-30 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Elastically collapsible radome structure |
GB2368383A (en) * | 2000-10-26 | 2002-05-01 | Secr Defence | An armour tile with angled edges |
DE10117575A1 (de) * | 2001-04-07 | 2002-10-10 | Krauss Maffei Wegmann Gmbh & C | Einrichtung zum Schutz der Besatzung eines militärischen Fahrzeugs bei Minenexplosion |
DE10212058A1 (de) * | 2002-03-19 | 2003-10-02 | Krauss Maffei Wegmann Gmbh & C | Verbundpanzerung, insbesondere zum Einbau in Kraftfahrzeuge |
CA2522635A1 (en) * | 2003-04-07 | 2004-10-28 | Life Shield Engineered Systems, Llc | Shrapnel containment system and method for producing same |
ATE388383T1 (de) * | 2003-05-21 | 2008-03-15 | Karotek As | Mittel zum schutz vor fussverletzungen bei minenexplosionen |
US20040237763A1 (en) * | 2003-06-02 | 2004-12-02 | Ashok Bhatnagar | Corrugated ballistic armor |
AT413445B (de) * | 2004-02-18 | 2006-02-15 | Steyr Daimler Puch Ag | Minengeschützte fahrzeugwannenbodenstruktur |
CA2580704A1 (en) * | 2004-06-11 | 2006-08-17 | Stewart & Stevenson Tactical Vehicle Systems, L.P. | Armored cab for vehicles |
CN101094962A (zh) * | 2004-11-02 | 2007-12-26 | 生命之盾工程系统有限公司 | 碎片及射弹接纳系统以及用于制备该系统的方法 |
AU2005337909A1 (en) * | 2004-12-01 | 2007-06-21 | Life Shield Engineered Systems, Llc | Shrapnel and projectile containment systems and equipment and methods for producing same |
EP2115381A4 (en) * | 2004-12-08 | 2011-09-07 | Armordynamics Inc | TECHNIQUES AND APPARATUS FOR BALISTIC PROTECTION |
US8857311B2 (en) | 2004-12-08 | 2014-10-14 | Armordynamics, Inc. | Apparatus for providing protection from ballistic rounds, projectiles, fragments and explosives |
US9441918B1 (en) | 2004-12-08 | 2016-09-13 | Armor Dynamics, Inc. | Armor system |
US8104396B2 (en) | 2005-12-08 | 2012-01-31 | Armordynamics, Inc. | Reactive armor system and method |
US8074553B1 (en) | 2004-12-08 | 2011-12-13 | Armordynamics, Inc. | Apparatus for providing protection from ballistic rounds, projectiles, fragments and explosives |
FR2879731B1 (fr) * | 2004-12-21 | 2010-06-04 | Giat Ind Sa | Dispositif de protection de plancher de vehicule |
US20110167997A1 (en) * | 2005-09-27 | 2011-07-14 | High Impact Technology, L.L.C. | Up-armoring structure and method |
KR101303571B1 (ko) * | 2005-12-27 | 2013-09-09 | 곽상운 | 차량용 방탄 패널의 제조방법 및 이에 의해 제조되는차량용 방탄 패널 |
ES2401210T3 (es) | 2007-01-16 | 2013-04-17 | Berry Plastics Corporation | Película protectora reforzada resistente a las explosiones y sus métodos |
US8109557B1 (en) * | 2007-06-08 | 2012-02-07 | Salinas Gino J C | Vehicle armor mat |
US8596182B2 (en) | 2007-06-20 | 2013-12-03 | Foster-Miller, Inc. | Spall liner |
US8087339B2 (en) * | 2007-07-24 | 2012-01-03 | Foster-Miller, Inc. | Armor system |
US8052200B2 (en) * | 2007-10-31 | 2011-11-08 | Caterpillar Inc. | Vehicle cab floor protection system |
GB2458956A (en) * | 2008-04-04 | 2009-10-07 | Gordon Murray Design Ltd | Vehicle chassis |
AU2010201270A1 (en) * | 2009-04-07 | 2010-10-21 | Plasan Sasa Ltd. | Safety apparatus for providing protection against an explosion and vehicle comprising same |
US8656822B1 (en) * | 2009-04-20 | 2014-02-25 | Armorworks Enterprises, Llc | Ballistic floor blanket |
FR2954260B1 (fr) * | 2009-12-23 | 2012-12-21 | Tencate Advanced Armour | Dispositf de renforcement |
US8225704B2 (en) | 2010-01-16 | 2012-07-24 | Nanoridge Materials, Inc. | Armor with transformed nanotube material |
DE102010050566A1 (de) * | 2010-11-05 | 2013-06-06 | Ec Technik Gmbh | Laufboden für ein gepanzertes Fahrzeug, gepanzertes Fahrzeug mit einem derartigen Laufboden und Verfahren |
US9790406B2 (en) | 2011-10-17 | 2017-10-17 | Berry Plastics Corporation | Impact-resistant film |
US9945643B2 (en) | 2016-06-29 | 2018-04-17 | Keith Brown | Ballistic resistant vehicle tray |
US10545010B1 (en) | 2017-04-28 | 2020-01-28 | Oshkosh Defense, Llc | Blast mat configuration |
CN110160420A (zh) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-08-23 | 吉林市圣赢碳纤维制品科技有限公司 | 一种混杂复合材料防爆筒及其结构 |
Family Cites Families (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1324234A (en) * | 1919-12-09 | Amand delille daigre | ||
DE671989C (de) * | 1934-05-27 | 1939-02-18 | Aeg | Anordnung zur Steuerung des Feldes von Geraeten zur Erzeugung von stossartigen Hochspannungen |
FR1168195A (fr) * | 1956-12-17 | 1958-12-04 | élément de cuirasse pour la protection du personnel | |
FR1448288A (fr) * | 1965-06-24 | 1966-08-05 | Plaque de blindage perfectionnée | |
US3577836A (en) * | 1969-11-12 | 1971-05-11 | Raymond M Tamura | Armored garment |
DE2048205C3 (de) * | 1970-10-01 | 1981-07-02 | Couth Gummiwerke AG, 5000 Köln | Verkleidung-sogenannter Kettenschutz-für Ketten-und Radfahrzeuge |
DE2151015A1 (de) * | 1971-10-08 | 1973-04-19 | Mannesmann Ag | Beschussichere panzerung fuer kraftfahrzeuge |
DE2659727A1 (de) * | 1976-12-31 | 1978-07-13 | Thyssen Industrie | Verfahren zur herstellung einer energieabbau- und energieverteilersektion |
SU748672A1 (ru) * | 1978-06-21 | 1980-07-15 | Ордена Октябрьской Революции Всесоюзный Государственный Проектно- Изыскательский И Научно-Исследовательский Институт Энергетических Систем И Электрических Сетей "Энергосетьпроект" | Устройство дл отключени электроустановки в сети переменного тока при коротком замыкании |
DE2927653A1 (de) | 1979-07-09 | 1981-01-29 | Hopp Ing Buero | Verfahren zur herstellung von geformten, schussicheren einlagen oder schutzelementen fuer schutzwesten, schutzschilde, helme, kraftfahrzeuge usw. |
US4391178A (en) * | 1981-03-13 | 1983-07-05 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Logistic vehicle armor |
NL8600449A (nl) * | 1986-02-22 | 1987-09-16 | Delft Tech Hogeschool | Pantserplaat-komposiet met keramische opvanglaag. |
US4789574A (en) * | 1986-04-02 | 1988-12-06 | Selvey Timothy C | Removable protective liner for vehicles |
US4664967A (en) * | 1986-04-21 | 1987-05-12 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Ballistic spall liner |
DE3627485A1 (de) * | 1986-08-13 | 1988-02-18 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Verkleidungselement fuer kraftfahrzeuge |
CH671989A5 (en) * | 1987-01-09 | 1989-10-13 | Contraves Ag | Multilayer wall panel for military applications - has structure enclosed by profiled frame electrically coupled to central metal sheet |
US4820568A (en) * | 1987-08-03 | 1989-04-11 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Composite and article using short length fibers |
US4923728A (en) * | 1988-11-07 | 1990-05-08 | Titan Corporation | Protective armor and method of assembly |
DE3934558A1 (de) * | 1989-10-17 | 1991-04-18 | Gerd Dr Ing Kellner | Sekundaersplitterschutz fuer gfk-formteile und verfahren zu seiner herstellung |
JP2888634B2 (ja) * | 1989-11-08 | 1999-05-10 | ロイアル・オードナンス・ピー・エル・シー | 航空機構造の保護に有効な複合材料 |
FR2655413B1 (fr) * | 1989-12-06 | 1994-06-03 | Europ Propulsion | Blindage de protection balistique. |
US5124195A (en) * | 1990-01-10 | 1992-06-23 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Flexible coated fibrous webs |
WO1992020519A1 (en) * | 1991-05-24 | 1992-11-26 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Flexible composites having flexing rigid panels and articles fabricated from same |
FR2684174A1 (fr) * | 1991-11-26 | 1993-05-28 | France Etat | Blindage balistique de protection corporelle. |
-
1992
- 1992-10-12 DE DE4234369A patent/DE4234369C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1993
- 1993-09-14 EP EP93114717A patent/EP0592821B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-09-14 ES ES93114717T patent/ES2093897T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-09-14 DE DE59304354T patent/DE59304354D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-09-14 DK DK93114717.7T patent/DK0592821T3/da active
- 1993-09-14 AT AT93114717T patent/ATE144826T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-09-23 IL IL107099A patent/IL107099A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-10-12 JP JP5254588A patent/JPH06201298A/ja active Pending
-
1995
- 1995-06-07 US US08/474,965 patent/US5517894A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1996
- 1996-12-30 GR GR960403635T patent/GR3022176T3/el unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH06201298A (ja) | 1994-07-19 |
US5517894A (en) | 1996-05-21 |
ES2093897T3 (es) | 1997-01-01 |
ATE144826T1 (de) | 1996-11-15 |
EP0592821A1 (de) | 1994-04-20 |
IL107099A (en) | 1997-03-18 |
IL107099A0 (en) | 1994-07-31 |
DK0592821T3 (da) | 1997-04-01 |
DE59304354D1 (de) | 1996-12-05 |
DE4234369C1 (de) | 1994-03-17 |
GR3022176T3 (en) | 1997-03-31 |
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