EP0590248B1 - Bâtiment à squelette métallique - Google Patents

Bâtiment à squelette métallique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0590248B1
EP0590248B1 EP93110601A EP93110601A EP0590248B1 EP 0590248 B1 EP0590248 B1 EP 0590248B1 EP 93110601 A EP93110601 A EP 93110601A EP 93110601 A EP93110601 A EP 93110601A EP 0590248 B1 EP0590248 B1 EP 0590248B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
beams
stays
building
section
building according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93110601A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0590248A1 (fr
Inventor
Ernst Koller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
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Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0590248A1 publication Critical patent/EP0590248A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0590248B1 publication Critical patent/EP0590248B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E04B2001/2415—Brackets, gussets, joining plates
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E04B2001/2463—Connections to foundations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B2001/2466—Details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B2001/2466—Details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E04B2001/2475—Profile with an undercut grooves for connection purposes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B2001/2481—Details of wall panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B2001/2484—Details of floor panels or slabs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B2001/2487—Portico type structures

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a building with a metal skeleton according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the object of the invention is to achieve an extremely simple, biological, ecological, dry, healthy, fast and inexpensive construction which also eliminates the disposal of rubble.
  • the invention creates a building for all climates, which offers firm resistance to cold, heat, storm, snow, sand and driving rain, does not rot and is not corroded if the surface is treated correctly, requires little maintenance, and can be disposed of in recycling if required. With a little manual talent, everyone can build the building according to the invention and thus, for example, his family home assemble most of it yourself with helpers. With the new design, the disadvantages of today's wooden houses are eliminated.
  • the supporting body of the building is a metal skeleton, preferably made of aluminum. Panels, insulation, glass panes, windows and doors are attached to it.
  • the insulation can also be designed without problems so that it meets special requirements, for example has a maximum coefficient of thermal conductivity kW to 0.35.
  • the metal skeleton allows maximum static utilization of its elements.
  • the building for example in the form of bungalows, can be solidly anchored on natural floor, cement slabs, on a plinth or concrete ceilings, e.g. a basement ceiling.
  • the same supports and beams can be used from the basement to the roof.
  • a good transverse stiffening is achieved by placing and clamping the plates in or between cross parts of the metal skeleton.
  • many weatherproof panels have a large thermal expansion. For example, a plate 3 m long can expand up to 20 mm when the temperature rises from around 10 ° C to + 50 ° C. Such expansions are taken into account or compensated for in a simple manner by the invention.
  • the end faces of the support and support profiles of the metal skeleton each have at least one water groove and at least one end groove, but otherwise they can also have different grooves or grooves that are designed differently.
  • the production of the building requires a minimum of machinery and Tools. Complicated insulation profiles are eliminated.
  • the invention is also suitable for creating a basement.
  • the supports are placed on an angle frame and screwed together. Depending on the earth conditions and moisture, the space between the supports is filled with wooden boards, cement slabs, stones, bricks or concrete and protected against moisture in the room with a film.
  • a floor frame is formed from floor rails 2.
  • the bottom rails 2 have a substantially Z-shaped shape when viewed in the cross section shown in FIG. 1.
  • the bottom rails 2 can have a different cross-sectional shape, for example a rectangular shape.
  • a building exterior leg 2a of the floor rails 2 has on its upper side a connecting groove 3 extending in the longitudinal direction of the rail, which is open at the top and has a groove constriction 3a at the top.
  • Several supports 4 are each connected by a roof bracket 6 to a roof bracket 5, which preferably has the same cross-sectional profile and is made of the same material as the bracket 4.
  • the bracket 4 is by a floor bracket 7, which is attached to it is fixed in the connecting groove 3 of the bottom rail 2 in the longitudinal direction of the groove and lockable by a clamping screw 8 in the connecting groove 3.
  • Carriers or other floor elements 9, which are made of metal, for example sheet steel, rest on a leg 2b of the floor rail 2 inside the building. Wood or plastic can exist. They carry heat insulation mats 10 arranged above them, a film 11 arranged thereon as a barrier against steam and radon gases, and base plates 12, preferably made of wood. The insulation mats 10, film 11 and base plates 12 can also rest on other parts of this base rail instead of on the inner leg 2b of the base rails 2.
  • Weatherproof outer panels 14 are arranged on the outside of the roof racks 5 and the supports 4.
  • the outer plate 14 is provided with a guide profile 13 at its lower end.
  • the outer plate 14 with the guide profile 13 can move vertically with temperature changes corresponding to the expansion path 14a relative to the bottom rail 2 and thereby compensate for changes in expansion of the outer plate 14. With such a change in extension, the guide profile 13 and thus also the outer plate 14 are guided by the bottom rail 2.
  • the guide profile 13 slides along a leg section 2d of the bottom rail 2.
  • Inner plates 26 form an inner lining or wall of the metal skeleton 1 formed with the supports 4 and the supports 5 and can be made of wood, metal, plastic or another material.
  • the floor rail 2 has anchors 15 which are anchored in a base 15a or in a concrete ceiling.
  • Fig. 2 shows the support 4 in cross section.
  • the same profile can also be used for the roof rack 5 shown in FIG. 1.
  • the support 4 has an I-shape in this embodiment and consists of a hollow double web part 16 and at its ends symmetrically to the web part 16 laterally projecting four cross parts 24, which together form two end parts 16 'on the web part 16.
  • the web part 16 is provided on its web sides facing away from each other between its cross parts 24 with an outwardly open end groove 17a or 17b.
  • the end grooves 17a and 17b serve to fasten elements such as cover strips 20 by means of screws 19 or reinforcing profiles or strips for partitions on the web part 16.
  • the screws 19 can have self-tapping threads and can be screwed into the end groove 17a; or the front groove 17b can have a groove constriction 17c at its open end portion and contain an inserted fastening element 17d, into which screws 19d are screwed for fastening a retaining strip 18.
  • Inner plates 26 and 27 are clamped between the retaining strip 18 and the transverse parts 24 opposite it on one side of the web part 16.
  • the outer plate 14 and a further outer plate 22 are clamped by means of the screws 19 and a cover strip 20 between this cover strip 20 and the transverse parts 24 at the other end of the web part 16.
  • the cross members 24 are provided on their outer sides facing away from one another with water grooves 25.
  • the inner plates 26, 27 and outer plates 14, 22 serve to clad the metal skeleton 1 and to reinforce it transversely. Between the outer plate 14 and one A thermal insulation layer 23, which is arranged between transverse parts 24 facing away from one another, forms a rear ventilation space 28.
  • One leg 21 of the bottom flap 7 projects into the cavity of the double web part 16 and is fastened to it by means of screws 29.
  • the I-profile shown as a further embodiment in FIG. 3 for a support 4 or a support 5, here referred to as support 4b, consists of a simple web part 16b and the four cross parts 24, which laterally over it at both ends of the web part 16b protrude and each form water grooves 25 on their outer sides facing away from one another.
  • the single web part 16b is provided on its outer sides facing away from each other with an end groove 17a or 17b running in the longitudinal direction.
  • the end grooves 17a and 17b each lie between two transverse parts 24 facing away from one another, are open to the outside and have a smaller cross-sectional size at their opening edge than at the bottom of the groove.
  • the end sections of facade sheets 33 and / or outer plates 33b made of wood or metal protrude into one end groove 17a, which can have an undulating or a flat cross-sectional shape. Between these facade sheets 33 and / or outer plates 33b and the transverse parts 24 located opposite them, there are heat insulation plates 34. Similar to the outer plate 14, the heat insulation plates 34 can be provided with a guide profile 13 which holds the heat insulation plates 34 on the cross parts 24 holds and allows them relative movements to the cross members 24.
  • Fastening elements preferably strips 17d made of wood or another material, can be inserted into the other end groove 17b, which are used to screw a wall covering 35, for example a paneling 35, of panels or strips or boards by means of the holding strip 18 and the screws 19d.
  • the paneling or inner plates 35 can be provided with a vapor barrier 37, for example film 37, on their inner sides facing the transverse parts 24.
  • a vapor barrier 37 for example film 37
  • FIG. 4 parts corresponding to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 are again provided with the same reference numbers. Differences are that the end parts 16 'of the supports 4 are screwed to a vertical leg 50a of an angular bottom rail 50. Elongated holes are preferably formed in the leg 50a so that the supports 4 are easily displaceable. Carriers, panels or plates 9 rest on a shorter leg 50b of the floor rail 50 lying on the floor. The anchor 15 is screwed to this leg 50b.
  • FIG. 5 shows in cross section an I-profile 51 made, for example, of aluminum as a support 4 and support 5 with a web 16 Similar to Fig. 3.
  • Both end faces have analog designs and two cross members 24 each.
  • the end faces are flat, so that elements connecting to the supports 4 or supports 5 do not have to be provided with recesses, and thus elements such as plates or panels, both outside and inside lie continuously smooth and close tightly or directly with strips 18 on the supports 4 or supports 5, so that the supports 4 or supports 5 are stripped from the weather side.
  • a wall 63 can connect to the end faces.
  • the profile 51 is reinforced on the transverse parts 24 and on the web 16 by a sandwich-like support layer 61, e.g. Steel sheets. This ensures maximum static strength.
  • the grooves 17a and 17b and water channels 25 advantageously have a narrowing on the end faces so that organs of all kinds find their hold.
  • a slidable safety profile 58 enables wall plates to be removed from the outside. Since aluminum beams have greater elasticity and deflection than steel beams, the support layers 61, for example steel sheets, which are pushed in and screwed together on both sides by the web 16, achieve significantly greater structural advantages with regard to load and span widths.
  • FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional part of a support 4 or a support 5. It contains an I-profile 72, which has a simple web part 16b and end pieces 16c integral with it, as well as profile rails 73 pushed onto the end parts 16c. In the profile rail 73, the end groove 17a or 17b and the water channels 25 are formed, of which only the end groove 17b is shown in FIG. 6. With such a profile 72 large spans can be formed with a small material weight.
  • the I profile 72 can be a standardized standard profile.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Bâtiment à ossature métallique qui comporte des poteaux et des poutres pour la fixation de plaques, de matériaux isolants, de tôles, de vitres, de fenêtres, de portes et d'éléments de construction similaires, cependant que l'ossature métallique (1) repose, avec ses poteaux (4), ses poutres (5, 9) et les éléments de construction qui leur sont reliés, sur des rails de sol (2 ; 50) dont la section transversale présente de préférence la forme d'une cornière ou d'un Z, que les poteaux (4) et les poutres (5) qui servent à la formation d'un toit présentent pour l'essentiel la forme d'un I en section transversale, et que le I présente une âme (16 ; 16b) et, à chacune des extrémités de l'âme, une semelle (16' ; 16c) comprenant deux parties transversales (24) qui sont dirigées dans des directions opposées l'une par rapport à l'autre, caractérisé par le fait qu'au moins une rainure d'écoulement de l'eau (25) s'étendant dans la direction longitudinale du profilé est formée sur les deux côtés extérieurs des semelles (16' ; 16c) qui se trouvent sur chaque extrémité de l'âme et qui sont donc opposés l'un à l'autre, et par le fait qu'il est également prévu, sur chacun de ces deux côtés extérieurs des semelles (16' ; 16c) qui sont opposés l'un à l'autre, au moins une saignée frontale (17a, 17b) qui s'étend dans la direction longitudinale du profilé, qui est ouverte vers l'extérieur et dans laquelle peuvent pénétrer ou être logés des éléments de construction (33, 33b) ou des éléments de fixation (17d, 19, 19d) qui servent à les fixer.
  2. Bâtiment selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que des éléments de construction qui sont maintenus par les poteaux (4) et par les poutres (5, 9) sont reliés à ceux-ci d'une manière telle qu'ils puissent se dilater par rapport à eux lors de changements de température et des modifications des dimensions qu'ils causent, et qu'ils constituent des raidisseurs transversaux pour le bâtiment.
  3. Bâtiment selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait que le fond du bâtiment comprend une couche d'isolation thermique (10), une feuille (11) au-dessus de celle-ci qui sert à arrêter les émanations de radon et les vapeurs, et une couche de recouvrement du sol (12) au-dessus de la feuille (11).
  4. Bâtiment selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait qu'au moins l'un des poteaux (4) et/ou des poutres (5, 9) présente au total trois rainures ou saignées (17a, 17b, 25) sur au moins une semelle (16' ; 16c).
  5. Bâtiment selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que des plaques extérieures (14) sont reliées rigidement depuis l'intérieur aux poteaux (4) et aux poutres (5, 9) au moyen d'organes glissants (13, 2d), mais qu'elles sont reliées entre elles d'une manière amovible en vue des dilatations des matériaux qui sont dues aux variations de la température.
  6. Bâtiment selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que toutes les parties des semelles (16' ; 16c) qui sont posées à côté des rainures d'écoulement de l'eau (25) et des saignées frontales (17a, 17b) se terminent dans un plan frontal commun.
  7. Bâtiment selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par une étanchéité destinée à empêcher les solutions de continuité thermique entre les poteaux (4) et/ou les poutres (5), d'une part, et les éléments de construction qui leur sont adjacents, d'autre part.
EP93110601A 1992-10-01 1993-07-02 Bâtiment à squelette métallique Expired - Lifetime EP0590248B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4233061 1992-10-01
DE4233061A DE4233061A1 (de) 1992-10-01 1992-10-01 Gebäude mit einem Metallskelett

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0590248A1 EP0590248A1 (fr) 1994-04-06
EP0590248B1 true EP0590248B1 (fr) 1996-09-04

Family

ID=6469417

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93110601A Expired - Lifetime EP0590248B1 (fr) 1992-10-01 1993-07-02 Bâtiment à squelette métallique

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0590248B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE142297T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4233061A1 (fr)
PL (1) PL171285B1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19601065A1 (de) * 1996-01-13 1997-07-17 Ernst Koller Skelettgebäude aus Profilstäben
DE19636802A1 (de) * 1996-09-11 1998-03-12 Ernst Koller Gebäudeskelett
DE29715503U1 (de) * 1997-08-29 1997-12-18 Bajorat, Karsten, 24398 Karby Einzelhaus-Wohnungsgebäude in Skelettbauweise
GB0211861D0 (en) * 2002-05-23 2002-07-03 Powerwall Systems Ltd Panel
EP1812659A1 (fr) * 2004-10-28 2007-08-01 Jacobus Hendericus Bosman Structure murale pour la construction de batiments
DE202021100593U1 (de) * 2021-02-05 2022-05-06 Andreas Plur Reinraum

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH371882A (de) * 1959-02-12 1963-09-15 Koller Ernst Wand für Gebäude
US3150463A (en) * 1960-12-19 1964-09-29 J A Nearing Co Inc Greenhouse
CH431915A (de) * 1965-08-17 1967-03-15 Alusuisse Hallenartiges Gebäude
FR2064731A5 (fr) * 1969-10-23 1971-07-23 Delfour Paul
DE3112746A1 (de) * 1981-03-31 1982-10-21 Ernst 4102 Binningen Koller "profilstabfoermiges bauelement fuer gebaeude"
AT393399B (de) * 1988-10-28 1991-10-10 Meusburger Walter Tragkonstruktion fuer eine aus scheibenartigen platten, insbesondere aus glasplatten bzw. glasscheiben gebildete dachhaut bzw. wand
DE9115235U1 (de) * 1991-12-04 1992-02-06 Horn, Wolfgang, Dr.-Ing., O-9408 Schlema Vorrichtung zum Schutz von Bauwerken gegen Eindringen gefährlicher Gase, insbesondere Radon, aus dem Baugrund

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59303638D1 (de) 1996-10-10
PL299913A1 (en) 1994-04-05
PL171285B1 (pl) 1997-03-28
DE4233061A1 (de) 1994-04-07
ATE142297T1 (de) 1996-09-15
EP0590248A1 (fr) 1994-04-06

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