Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L65/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
  • C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
  • C08L23/08—Copolymers of ethene
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L67/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. lactones

Definitions

• Cycloolefin homo- and copolymers are a class of polymers with an outstanding level of properties. Among other things, they excel from high heat resistance, weather resistance and transparency. However, the processability at high temperatures and shear forces is limited by oxidative and thermal processes. Additives such as antioxidants and thermal stabilizers are used to enlarge the thermal processing range. High levels of additives can lead to a strong negative impact on mechanical properties such as the modulus of elasticity and the tensile strength. Additives can thus act as plasticizers, whereby the shear modulus is also reduced over a wide temperature range. In order to ensure the processability of a polymer without the occurrence of high shear forces, the flowability of the polymer can be improved by flow improvers such as PE waxes. However, there is also a strong negative impairment of the mechanical properties mentioned above.
• JA-02 080 444 (abstract: Derwent 90-134577) describes polymer alloys which are a polyester, a cycloolefinethylene copolymer and a cycloolefinethylene copolymer which has been modified with unsaturated carboxylic acids or their derivatives.
• JA-02 041 342 (Abstract: Derwent 90- 087755) also discloses a polyester alloy with a cycloolefin ethylene copolymer, polyethylene and polybutylene terephthalate being used as the polyester.
• Disadvantages of the polymer alloys described in the Japanese publications are the relatively high water absorption, which leads to a loss of dimensional stability during processing, and, due to the low melting point, the low heat resistance.
• the object of the present invention is now to provide alloys made of cycloolefin polymers with increased flowability, while maintaining high mechanical properties over a wide temperature range.
• the problem was solved by the provision of alloys from cycloolefin polymers with special Polyester ⁇ .
• the invention relates to alloys containing at least one cycloolefin polymer (A) and at least one polyester (B), characterized in that the polyester is fully aromatic and liquid-crystalline, the proportion of (A) 40 to 99 and of (B) 1 to 60% by weight. -% and the proportions of (A) and (B) add up relative to the total alloy to 100% by weight.
• Cycloolefin polymers suitable for the alloys according to the invention contain structural units which are derived from at least one monomer of the formulas I to VI or VII
• R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R ⁇ , R 6 , R 7 and R 8 are the same or different and a hydrogen atom or one mean, where the same radicals in the different formulas can have a different meaning and n is an integer from 2 to 10.
• the cycloolefin polymers according to the invention may contain further structural units which are derived from at least one acyclic 1-olefin of the formula VIII 10
• R 9 , R 10 , R 11 and R 12 are the same or different and denote a hydrogen atom or a C ⁇ C ⁇ -alkyl radical.
• Preferred comonomers are ethylene or propylene.
• Copolymers of polycyclic olefins of the formulas I or III and the acyclic olefins of the formula VIII are used in particular.
• Particularly preferred cycloolefins are norborne ⁇ and tetracyclododecene, which can be substituted by C ⁇ C ⁇ - alkyl, ethylene-norbornene copolymers being of particular importance.
• monocyclic olefins of formula VII cyclopentene, which may be substituted, is preferred.
• Mixtures of two or more olefins of the respective type are also to be understood as polycyclic olefins, monocyclic olefins and open-chain olefins. That is, cycioolefin homopolymers and copolymers such as bi-, ter- and multipolymers can be used.
• the cycloolefin polymerizations which proceed with the opening of the double bond can either be homogeneous, which means that the catalyst system is soluble in the polymerization medium (DE-A-3 922 546, EP-A-0 203 799), or can be catalyzed using a conventional Ziegler catalyst system (DD -A-222 317, DD-A-239 409).
• cycloolefin homopolymers and copolymers which contain structural units derived from monomers of the formulas I to VI or VII are preferred with the aid of a homogeneous catalyst consisting of a metallocene, the central atom of which is a metal from the group titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium and Tantalum, which forms a sandwich structure with two bridged mono- or polynuclear ligands, and an aluminoxane.
• the bridged metallocenes are prepared according to a known reaction scheme (cf. J. Organomet. Chem. 288 (1985) 63-67 and EP-A-320 762).
• the aluminoxane which acts as a cocatalyst, can be obtained by various methods (cf. S. Pasynkiewicz, Polyhedron 2 (1990) 429).
• the structure as well as the synthesis of this catalyst and the suitable conditions for the polymerization of these cycioolefins are described in detail in DE-A-3 922 546 and in an older, unpublished patent application (DE-A-4036 264).
• Cycloolefin polymers with a viscosity number greater than 20 cm 3 / g and a glass transition temperature between 100 and 200 ° C. are preferably used.
• the alloys can also contain cycloolefin polymers which have been polymerized with ring opening in the presence of, for example, catalysts containing tungsten, molybdenum, rhodium or rhenium.
• the cycloolefin polymers obtained in this way have double bonds which can be removed by hydrogenation (US Pat. Nos. 3,557,072 and 4,178,424).
• the cycloolefin polymers used for the alloys according to the invention can also be obtained by grafting with at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of (a) ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acids and / or their derivatives, (b) styrenes, (c) organic silicone components contain an olefinic unsaturated bond and a hydrolyzable group and (d) unsaturated epoxy components, be modified.
• the modified cycloolefin polymers obtained have properties which are similar to those of the unmodified cycloolefin polymers. In addition, they have a particularly good adhesion to metals and synthetic polymers. The good compatibility with other polymers should be emphasized. It is even possible to prepare graft copolymers of cycloolefin polymers with liquid-crystalline polymers by reactions carried out in solution or in the melt, which can act as phase mediators.
• M w weight average
• a class of liquid-crystalline polymers preferred for the alloys according to the invention is described in US Pat. No. 4,161,470. These polymers are naphthoyl copolyesters with structural units of the formulas IX and X.
• T is selected from an alkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkoxy radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a halogen and S is an integer zero, 1, 2, 3 or 4, where the radicals T are independently the same or different.
• the copolyesters contain 10 to 90 mole percent of structural units of the formula IX and 90 to 10 mole percent of structural units of the formula X.
• a preferred copolyester contains 25 to 45 mole percent of structural units of the formula IX and 85 to 55 mole percent of structural units of the formula X.
• v, w and x are integers greater than 1
• D is selected from an alkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an aryl radical having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl radical having 6 to 10 carbon atoms or a halogen and s has the meaning given above, where the radicals D are independently the same or different.
• the sum of v, w and x is preferably from 30 to 600.
• the oxybenzoyl copolyesters contain 0.6 to 60 mole percent of structural units of the formula XI, 0.4 to 98.5 mole percent of structural units of the formula XII and 1 to 60 mole percent of structural units of the formula XIII, the proportions of the structural units of the formulas XI, XII and XIII being added to 100 mole percent.
• Preferred oxybenzoyl copolyesters contain 8 to 48 mole percent structural units of the formula XI, 5 to 85 mole percent structural units of the formula XII and 8 to 48 mole percent structural units of the formula XIII.
• Copolyesters which only contain structural units of the formulas XI and XIII are also suitable for the alloys according to the invention.
• These liquid-crystalline polymers preferably contain 40 to 60 mole percent of structural units of the formula XI and 60 to 40 mole percent of structural units of the formula XIII. Particularly preferred is a molar ratio of 1 to 1 of the structural units XI and XIII.
• Such polyesters are described, for example, in US-A-4,600,765; US-A-4 614 790 and US-A-4 614791.
• Further preferred copolyesters contain one or more of the structural units of the formulas IX to XIII and additionally at least one structural unit of the formula XIV
• the proportion of cycloolefin polymers (A) in the alloys according to the invention is preferably 50 to 99% by weight and particularly preferably 65 to 97% by weight; the proportion of liquid-crystalline polyesters (B) in the alloys according to the invention is preferably 1 to 50% by weight and particularly preferably 3 to 35% by weight, the proportions of components A and B being 100 relative to the total alloy Add% by weight.
• the alloys according to the invention can contain one or more cycloolefin polymers and one or more liquid-crystalline polyesters as well as modified cycloolefin polymers, modified liquid crystal polyesters and graft copolymers.
• the alloys according to the invention are manufactured and processed by standard methods known for thermoplastics, such as e.g. by kneading, extrusion or injection molding.
• the alloys according to the invention can contain additives, for example thermal stabilizers, UV stabilizers, antistatic agents, flame retardants, plasticizers, dyes, pigments, inorganic and organic fillers, ie in particular also reinforcing additives such as glass, carbon or high-modulus fibers.
• additives for example thermal stabilizers, UV stabilizers, antistatic agents, flame retardants, plasticizers, dyes, pigments, inorganic and organic fillers, ie in particular also reinforcing additives such as glass, carbon or high-modulus fibers.
• the alloys can be used particularly advantageously as a matrix material for composite materials. They are also suitable for manufacturing of moldings by injection molding or extrusion, for example in the form of plates, fibers, films and tubes.
• a clean and dry 75 dm 3 polymerization reactor with stirrer was flushed with nitrogen and then with ethylene and filled with 24,800 g of norbornene melt (Nb). With stirring, the reactor was then brought to a temperature of 70 ° C. and 12 bar of ethylene were injected.
• toluene methylaluminoxane solution (10.1% by weight of methylaluminoxane with a molecular weight of 1,300 g / mol after cryoscopic determination) were metered into the reactor and the mixture was stirred at 70 ° C. for 15 minutes, the ethylene pressure being metered in at 12 bar was held.
• 3000 mg of metallocene A was dissolved in 1000 cm 3 of toluene methylaluminoxane solution (concentration and quality see above) and preactivated by standing for 15 minutes. The solution of the complex (cat.
• the filtered polymer was then mixed with a mixture of two parts of 3-normal hydrochloric acid and one part of ethanol and stirred for 2 hours.
• the polymer was then filtered off again, washed neutral with water and dried at 80 ° C. and 0.2 bar for 15 hours. A product amount of 5100 g was obtained.
• the pink residue was washed with 20 cm 3 CH 2 CI 2 , dried in an oil pump vacuum and extracted with 120 cm 3 toluene. After the solvent had been stripped off and dried in an oil pump vacuum, 0.55 g of the zircon complex was obtained in the form of a pink-red crystal powder. The orange-red filtrate of the reaction mixture was concentrated and left to crystallize at -35 ° C. A further 0.45 g of the complex crystallize from CH 2 CI 2 .
• COC A2 was produced analogously to that of COC A1, with some of the conditions summarized in Table 1 being changed. The physical characteristics are shown in Tab. 2.
• Metallocene L diphenylmethylene (9-fluorenyl) cyclopentadienyl zirconium dichloride
• VZ viscosity number determined according to DIN 53728
• the absolute levels of MA in the graft copolymer were determined to be 0.9% by weight using the potentiometric titration. Accordingly, there are approximately 4 MSA units per polymer chain A2.
• Such liquid crystalline copolyesters B1 and B2 can be purchased commercially.
• B1 is marketed as ⁇ Vectra A950 and B2 as Vectra B950 (• * * registered trademark) by Hoechst AG, Frankfurt am Main.
• the polymers described above were first dried (110 ° C., 24 h, vacuum) and then in different weight ratios in a measuring kneader (from HAAKE (Karlsruhe), Rheocord System 40 / Rheomix 600) or measuring extruder (from HAAKE (Karlsruhe) , Rheocord System 90 / Rheomex TW 100) kneaded or extruded under protective gas (Ar).
• the ground or granulated alloys obtained were dried (110 ° C., 24 h, vacuum) and then pressed into sheets (120 ⁇ 1 mm) (vacuum press: Polystat 200 S, from Schwabenthan (Berlin)).
• the ground or granulated alloys were introduced into a suitable mold in the press preheated to 330 ° C., a vacuum was drawn and the mixture was melted for 10 minutes. At the above temperature, a pressure of 100 bar was reached, the mixture was left for 5 minutes and cooled to room temperature within 30 minutes. The melt press plates obtained were examined for their physical properties.
• DSC-7 differential scanning calorimeter (DSC-7) from Perkin-Elmer (Überlingen) for measuring, for example, glass levels, melting points and heat of fusion.
• Thrust module damping and linear expansion.
• a tensile strain testing machine (type: Instron 4302) from Instron
• Tm melting temperature
• dHm melting enthalpy
• the cycloolefin copolymer (A1) and the liquid-crystalline copolyester (B1) were kneaded together in various weight ratios after intensive drying under an argon atmosphere and then ground. After intensive drying, the ground products were pressed into press plates.
• Tab. 4 shows the determined densities of the alloys.
• the cycloolefin copolymer A1 and the liquid-crystalline copolyester B1 were kneaded together in various weight ratios after intensive drying under an argon atmosphere and then ground. After intensive drying, the ground products became too
• Tab. 5 shows the mechanical data of the
• the cycloolefin copolymer A1 and the liquid-crystalline copolyester B1 were kneaded together in various weight ratios after intensive drying under an argon atmosphere and then ground.
• the ground products were dried intensively and, after storage, 312 h at 23 ° C. and 85% relative humidity, the water absorption was determined (Tab. 6). Table 6
• the cycloolefin copolymer A1 and the liquid-crystalline copolyester B1 were kneaded together in various weight ratios after intensive drying under an argon atmosphere and then ground. After intensive drying, the ground products were used to measure the flowability (Tab. 7).
• the cycloolefin copolymer A2 the liquid-crystalline copolyester B2 and, in part, the grafted cycloolefin copolymer A2-P * (phase mediator) in various weight ratios after intensive drying are extruded and granulated together under an argon atmosphere.
• Table 10 shows the calorimetric properties of the alloys.
• the cycloolefin copolymer A2 the liquid-crystalline copolyester B2 and, in part, the grafted cycloolefin copolymer A2-P * (phase mediator) in various weight ratios after intensive drying are extruded and granulated together under an argon atmosphere. After intensive drying, the granules were then used to measure the flowability (Table 11).
• the cycloolefin copolymer A2, the liquid-crystalline copolyester B2 and in some cases the grafted cycloolefin copolymer A2-P * in various weight ratios were extruded and granulated together under an argon atmosphere by means of the intermediate-corner extruder after intensive drying. After intensive drying, the granules were pressed into press plates.
• Table 12 shows the determined mechanical data of the alloys with / without phase mediator (A2-P *) in the tensile / elongation experiment. Table 12

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• 1992
  • 1992-03-16 AU AU15424/92A patent/AU656371B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1992-03-16 WO PCT/EP1992/000569 patent/WO1992016585A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1992-03-16 EP EP92906881A patent/EP0576514A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1992-03-16 JP JP4506349A patent/JPH06506491A/ja active Pending
  • 1992-03-16 KR KR1019930702784A patent/KR960015633B1/ko active IP Right Grant
  • 1992-03-16 CA CA002106470A patent/CA2106470A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1992-03-17 ZA ZA921946A patent/ZA921946B/xx unknown

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