EP0564433A1 - Tamping-machine with a two sleeper tamping device - Google Patents

Abstract

A tamping machine for tamping down a track (18) is equipped with a machine frame supported on rail bogies and a two-sleeper tamping device (1) with, arranged one behind another in the longitudinal direction of the machine, tamping tools (6, 7, 8, 9), which can be vibrated and positioned by vibration and positioning drives (5, 4), with tamping picks (16) for the simultaneous tamping down of two adjacent sleepers (17). The tamping tools (6, 7, 8, 9) are mounted on a tool support (11) which is connected height-adjustably to a device frame (14). Overall, four device frames (14) are provided, which are transversely displaceable independently of one another by their own transverse displacement drives (2) and each form a separate tamping unit (3), with in each case four tamping tools (6, 7, 8, 9) arranged one behind another in the longitudinal direction of the machine. Each of the four tamping units (3) is assigned its own tool support (11), which is height-adjustable by means of a height-adjustment drive (12), and its own vibration drive (5). <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a tamping machine for tamping a track with a machine frame supported on rail bogies and a two-sleeper tamping unit with tamping tools arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the machine and which can be vibrated and provided by vibration and auxiliary drives with tamping picks for tamping two adjacent sleepers at the same time, the tamping tools on one Height-adjustable tool carriers connected to an assembly frame are mounted.

From the article "Innovations in tamping machines" of the magazine Railway Technical Review 85/86, 27, pages 51-56, it can be seen that a distinction is made in principle in tamping machines between machines for stretch tamping and for point tamping. Turnout tamping machines are exclusively equipped with so-called single-sleeper tamping units, which are suitable for tamping a single sleeper. The tamping tools or tamping picks of such turnout tamping machines are also supported by their own drives in various ways so that they can be pivoted or adjusted in height in order to achieve an optimal adaptation of the individual tamping tines to the irregular rail course in the turnout sections. For the joint tamping of the starting area of the branching rail tracks in connection with the tamping of the main track, the switch tamping units are also mounted in a relatively wide area so that they can be moved on the machine frame. See also US 4,537,135 B. Furthermore, the track lifting and straightening unit for lifting the very heavy switch sections is reinforced and equipped with special hook-shaped gripping members for contact with the rails. Tamping machines with a two-sleeper tamping unit are used for particularly efficient tamping of switch-free sections and have a track lifting and straightening unit that is lighter than switch tamping machines.

From GB 2,201,178 A and EP 0 386 398 A1, a switch tamping unit for tamping individual sleepers is already known, which is composed of four tamping units arranged side by side in the cross-machine direction and independently displaceable by drives. Each of these tamping units has a pair of one another that can be provided by auxiliary drives Darning tools for jointly tamping a single threshold. This makes it possible to achieve a better adaptation to obstacles and thus an even more complete turnout tamping with the corresponding independent displacement of the individual tamping units.

In the case of the line tamping units provided for a high tamping output, a distinction is made between single-turret and double-tamping units, with the latter of course being able to achieve a particularly high tamping output. However, an even threshold distance must be available for the smooth use of a two-sleeper tamping unit. To solve the problem of unequal threshold spacings, the explanations described in more detail below have already been disclosed.

EP 0 208 826 A1 describes a tamping machine with two twin-shaft tamping units spaced apart from one another in the cross-machine direction. Each of these two twin-sleeper tamping units is made up of a total of eight tamping tools pivotably mounted on a common tool carrier and unit frame and each having two tamping axes, which are connected to a common, centrally arranged vibration drive via auxiliary drives. The total of eight tamping tools assigned to each assembly frame are arranged in two rows of four tamping tools, each running in the machine longitudinal direction and arranged next to one another in the machine cross direction. In order to achieve a very high tamping performance with a single lowering movement of the two-sleeper tamping unit, the tamping supports located on both sides of a rail can be compressed simultaneously by two sleepers arranged one behind the other. In order to be able to stuff track sections with inclined sleepers or double sleepers in particular, the tamping picks located at the ends with respect to the machine longitudinal direction are mounted on the corresponding tamping tool in a height-adjustable manner by means of separate drives. This makes it possible to raise the corresponding tamping pickle to a non-operating position in the event of a tamping obstacle preventing the tamping pimple from immersing and, at the same time, to lower the twin-tamping tamping unit unimpeded to the tamping.

Such two-sleeper tamping units are used exclusively in sections that are free of crossings and soft roads. In Fig. 8, the possibility of using a switch is indicated, among other things, but this would be the case Due to the fact that the aggregate cannot be moved sideways as well as the need to center a total of 32 tamping picks, work does not lead to a satisfactory result.

Finally, according to US Pat. No. 4,282,815 B, a further two-sleeper tamping unit is known, each of which has height-adjustable single tamping units via its own drive, each of which is arranged directly adjacent on a common unit frame in the machine longitudinal direction.

The invention is based on the creation of a tamping machine described at the outset, which can be used both in route sections and in switch sections while achieving a very high tamping performance and precise track position.

According to the invention, this object is achieved in that a total of four aggregate frames, each of which has four separate tamping tools arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the machine, is provided with its own transverse adjustment drives, independently of one another, each forming its own tamping unit, each of the four tamping units having its own tool holder, which is height-adjustable by a height adjustment drive, and its own Vibration drive is assigned.

With this training, overcoming considerable prejudices of the professional world, the two-sleeper tamping unit, which has only been used for sections of the route since its development in practical use, can be used for the first time for efficient tamping of switch sections, without restriction, while maintaining its high tamping performance. It is particularly advantageous that on the one hand the basic design concept of the arrangement of the tamping tools and their connection with a vibration drive remains unchanged, but on the other hand by dividing the tamping tools into a total of four independently displaceable unit frames, the tamping pick can be adapted very simply and largely to the various tamping obstacles is possible. In addition, the simultaneous tamping of two sleepers, in particular in the asymmetrical long-sleeper area, ensures better support of the switch and thus improves the accuracy of the track position. It is also an advantage that the simultaneous tamping of two sleepers also results in a substantial reduction in the number of track lifting and straightening processes and thus also in a reduced load on the rail fasteners, which are particularly stressed in the point area by the heavy long sleepers.

In addition, it is also avoided in a particularly advantageous manner that the line track is tamped with a track tamping machine up to the start of a turnout and the subsequent turnout is tamped with a turnout tamping machine, depending on the time, in most cases depending on organizational circumstances.

The development of the tamping machine according to claim 2 or 3 has the advantage, in conjunction with the formation of four independent tamping units, to enable an even more extensive adaptation to the irregular rail course or to tamping obstacles. Due to the special mounting of the end tamping picks, they can be moved or raised to an inoperative position in the event of a tamping obstacle, so that the tamping unit with the remaining tamping picks can be lowered unhindered for tamping.

With the development according to claim 4, the particular advantage can be achieved that the outer tamping picks can be brought quickly and precisely from a normal working position into a spread working position with a single push of a button to simultaneously in this both the left and the right tamping support of a rail of a branch track to be able to plug. The limitation of the swiveling movement results in a reduced tax expenditure for the operator and is particularly advantageous in connection with the increased tax expenditure for a total of 32 tamping picks of a two-sleeper tamping unit.

The height-adjustable mounting of the outermost tamping pick according to claim 5 enables their rapid transfer into a non-operational position, so that even in those cases in which a tamping obstacle is located directly under an outer tamping pick, an unimpeded use of the rest of the tamping pick is guaranteed.

The two-part design of the tool carrier according to claim 6 enables in particularly difficult switch sections, such as in core areas, if necessary, the use of only half of the tamping unit for tamping a single threshold, while the other half of the tamping unit remains in a raised rest position.

The advantageous developments according to claims 7 and 8 allow both rapid adaptation of the tamping pick to the inclined long sleepers as well as simultaneous tamping of all tamping supports of a long sleeper, since the cross-shifting range of the tamping units is significantly enlarged.

According to a particularly advantageous development according to claim 9, the four tamping units can be used with a particularly high tamping output in conjunction with a continuous work approach of the tamping machine. This makes the tamping machine ideal for both track and switch use.

The special storage of the two outer tamping units according to claim 10 enables, in particular, support through its own, telescopically extendable support frame, an extended working area, so that the rail tracks of the branch track in the long sleeper area can also be tamped with the main track in a single pass.

The additional lifting device according to claim 11 is particularly advantageous in connection with the complete tamping of a switch to achieve a permanent correction of the track position. In addition, a relief of the track lifting and straightening unit and thus its easier training is made possible.

With the features according to claims 12 and 13, it is possible to quickly and easily connect the two tamping units each assigned to a rail track for use in sections of track to form a single unit.

With the special development according to claim 14, the vibration drive can be arranged such that the two inner tamping units with their respective tamping picks can be positioned directly next to one another to achieve an expanded range of use.

Finally, in connection with a lifting hook as a gripping member according to claim 15 for the track lifting and straightening unit, trouble-free use of the tamping machine in the switch area is ensured.

The invention is described in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing.

• Fig. 1 eine vereinfachte Seitenansicht einer erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Stopfmaschine mit einem aus vier unabhängig voneinander querverschiebbaren Stopfeinheiten gebildeten Zweischwellen-Stopfaggregat,
• Fig. 2 eine vereinfachte perspektivische Darstellung des Zweischwellen-Stopfaggregates,
• Fig. 3 ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines Zweischwellen-Stopfaggregates in Seitenansicht, wobei jeweils einer der beiden Stopfpickel eines Stopfwerkzeuges mittels eines eigenen Antriebes um eine in Maschinenlängsrichtung verlaufende Achse verschwenkbar ausgebildet ist,
• Fig. 4 eine Ansicht eines Teiles des Stopfaggregates gemäß Fig. 3 (Pfeil IV) in Maschinenlängsrichtung,
• Fig. 5 eine teilweise Seitenansicht eines weiteren Zweischwellen-Stopfaggregates, bei dem die bezüglich der Maschinenlängsrichtung jeweils äußeren Stopfpickel höhenverschiebbar gelagert sind,
• Fig. 6 ein weiteres Zweischwellen-Stopfaggregat in Seitenansicht, das sich pro Stopfeinheit aus zwei in Maschinenlängsrichtung hintereinander angeordneten Einzel-Stopfanordnungen zusammensetzt, die unabhängig voneinander höhenverstellbar sind,
• Fig. 7 ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel in einem vereinfachten Querschnitt durch eine Stopfmaschine mit vier unabhängig voneinander querverschiebbaren, ein Zweischwellen-Stopfaggregat bildenden Stopfeinheiten, deren Querführungen zur Vergrößerung des Querverschiebeweges zusätzlich querverschiebbar auf einem Maschinenrahmen gelagert sind, und
• Fig. 8 eine schematisch sehr vereinfachte, teilweise Seitenansicht eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispieles, bei dem die beiden äußeren Stopfeinheiten auf einem teleskopisch verlängerbaren Tragrahmen befestigt sind.

Show it:

• 1 is a simplified side view of a tamping machine designed according to the invention with a two-sleeper tamping unit formed from four independently displaceable tamping units,
• 2 is a simplified perspective view of the two-sleeper tamping unit,
• 3 shows a further embodiment of a two-sleeper tamping unit in side view, one of the two tamping pick of a tamping tool being designed to be pivotable about an axis running in the machine longitudinal direction by means of its own drive,
• 4 is a view of a part of the tamping unit according to FIG. 3 (arrow IV) in the machine longitudinal direction,
• 5 shows a partial side view of a further two-sleeper tamping unit, in which the tamping picks, which are respectively outer with respect to the longitudinal direction of the machine, are mounted such that they can be displaced in height,
• 6 shows a further two-sleeper tamping unit in side view, which per tamping unit is composed of two individual tamping arrangements arranged one behind the other in the machine longitudinal direction and which are height-adjustable independently of one another,
• Fig. 7 shows another embodiment in a simplified cross section through a tamping machine with four independently displaceable, a two-sleeper tamping unit forming tamping units, the transverse guides of which are additionally mounted on a machine frame so as to increase the transverse displacement path, and
• Fig. 8 is a schematically very simplified, partial side view of another embodiment in which the two outer tamping units are attached to a telescopically extendable support frame.

A tamping machine 43 shown in FIG. 1 with a machine frame 45 supported on rail bogies 44 has an energy center 46 for the energy supply and a travel drive 47. All four tamping units 3 of a two-sleeper tamping unit 1 are fastened on a tool frame 48 which is supported at one longitudinal end by a rail carriage 49 on track 18 and with its opposite end is longitudinally displaceable on the machine frame 45 and is connected to a longitudinal displacement drive 50. For a track lifting and straightening unit 52 which is immediately upstream of the tamping unit 1 in the working direction (arrow 51) and is connected to the tool frame 48 and has lifting and straightening drives, lifting hooks 53 and lifting rolls 54 which can be adjusted in height and crosswise by drives are provided on each longitudinal machine side. In addition, an additional lifting device 55, which is connected to a lifting drive, is provided on each machine longitudinal side for grasping a rail track of a branch track running laterally next to the machine 43. A reference system 56 is used to determine the track position errors, a work cabin is equipped with a central control device 57.

Such a tamping machine 43 can be moved continuously with its machine frame 45 during work, while the tool frame 48 together with the four tamping units 3 and the track lifting and straightening unit 52 is moved forwards step by step at intervals of two sleepers.

The two-sleeper tamping unit 1 shown only in part in FIG. 2 is composed of a total of four tamping units 3 arranged side by side in the cross machine direction and independently displaceable by their own transverse adjustment drives 2, of which only one - with respect to the cross machine direction - only one tamping unit 3 in its entirety and the neighboring - inner - stuffing unit 3 was only shown in part. Each of these four tamping units 3 has four tamping tools 6 to 9 arranged one behind the other in the machine longitudinal direction and each connected to auxiliary drives 4 and a vibration drive 5. These are each pivotably mounted on a tool carrier 11 about an axis 10 running perpendicular to the machine longitudinal direction. Each of the four tool carriers 11 of the two-sleeper tamping unit 1 is connected by its own height adjustment drive 12 to an assembly frame 14 which is mounted on transverse guides 13 so as to be displaceable. Each of these unit frames 14 has two vertically and parallel to each other height guides 15 for mounting the respective tool holder 11. Each of the four tamping tools 6 to 9 of a tamping unit 3 is connected to two tamping picks 16 arranged next to one another transversely to the machine longitudinal direction. The transverse guides 13 are mounted on the tool frame 48 (or in another possible embodiment on the machine frame 45) of the tamping machine 43. A blocking device 19 is provided for the optional connection of the outer assembly frame 14 in the cross-machine direction with the adjacent inner assembly frame 14. This has a bolt connected to a drive 20 and displaceably mounted from a closed to an open position.

The two-sleeper tamping unit 1 shown in FIG. 2 is currently in the process of machining a switch section with a main and branch track 21 or 22. After opening the blocking device 19, the adjacent tamping units 3, each assigned to a longitudinal side of the rail, were applied to the two transverse adjustment drives 2 so far apart from each other until the tamping pick 16 of the respective tamping tools 6 to 9 can be immersed in the ballast unhindered in spite of the branch track 22 for simultaneous tamping of two sleepers 17 arranged directly behind one another in the machine longitudinal direction. After the turnout section has been worked through, the two adjacent - inner and outer - tamping units 3, each intended for tamping a rail track, are practically reconnected to form a common tamping unit with the aid of the blocking device 19 for the efficient tamping of a section of road, forming a structural unit.

In the two-sleeper tamping unit 1 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, for the sake of simplicity and better overview, like the subsequent figures, the functionally identical components as in FIGS. 1 and 2 are designated. Of the two tamping picks 16, each of which is connected to a tamping tool 6 to 9, those that are further distanced from the associated assembly frame 14 are each mounted on the corresponding tamping tool 6 to 9 so as to be pivotable about an axis 23 extending in the longitudinal direction of the machine, and each is connected to its own swivel drive 24. Two limit stops 25, 26 are provided to limit the pivoting movement of each pivotably mounted tamping pick 16 between two tamping positions. With the help of the mentioned swivel drive 24, the swiveling tamping pick 16 are each from a first working position which runs approximately parallel with respect to their longitudinal direction to the tamping pick 16 adjacent in the cross-machine direction (see FIG. 4, right tamping unit 3) into a second one for immersing the two tamping pick 16 on both sides Rail 27 suitable working position (see in Fig. 4, left tamping unit 3) adjustable. Since these two working positions are each defined by the end stops 25, 26 mentioned, the setting of the tamping pick 16 required for tamping a specific switch section can be carried out relatively easily and quickly, since the operator only has to choose between two possible positions. Each vibratory drive 5 is arranged immediately below the transverse guides 13 or above an eccentric shaft 28 and connected by a chain 29 to the eccentric shaft 28 supporting the auxiliary drives 4.

As can be seen in FIG. 5, the foremost and (not shown) rearmost tamping pick 16 of each tamping unit 3 in the machine or longitudinal direction of the track are each mounted on the corresponding front or rear tamping tool 6 or 9 independently of one another by a separate drive 58. This makes it possible to lower the tamping unit 3 into the working position for tamping in spite of a tamping obstacle located exactly under a height-adjustable tamping pick 16 (e.g. inclined threshold 17).

The two-sleeper tamping unit 1 shown in FIG. 6 is also composed of four tamping units 3 of the same type, which can be displaced independently of one another in the machine or track transverse direction, each of which has two tool carriers arranged one behind the other in the machine longitudinal direction and each of which has its own height adjustment drive 12 and is independently height-adjustable 30, 31. Each of these two tool carriers 30, 31 is connected to its own vibration drive 5 and this to two auxiliary drives 4 and thus forms a plug arrangement for plugging a single threshold. The two tool carriers 30, 31 are each mounted on two vertically and parallel to each other height guides 15 independently adjustable in height, the total of four height guides 15 are attached to a common unit frame 14. Due to the special design of this two-sleeper tamping unit 1, the two tamping tool pairs 6, 7 and 8, 9 can be lowered depending on possible tamping obstacles for tamping.

The four tamping units 3 of the two-sleeper tamping unit 1 shown in FIG. 7 are displaceably arranged on transverse guides 13 and are mounted on an intermediate frame 34 so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis 33 by a drive 32. This in turn is connected to a subframe 35 which is connected to further, with an auxiliary guide 37 connected to a machine frame 36 is slidably mounted and connected to its own transverse displacement drive 38. There is thus the possibility of significantly increasing the transverse displacement range of the four tamping units 3 by also displacing the transverse guides 13 used to support the tamping units 3 with respect to the machine frame 36. Completely independent of this transverse displacement, the tamping units 3 can be pivoted about the mentioned axis 33 in order to adapt to inclined long sleepers in the switch area.

8, the tamping units 3, which are outer with respect to the transverse direction of the machine, are each rotatably supported about a vertical axis 39 on a telescopically extendable support frame 40 which is supported on a machine frame 45. This end, which is opposite the axis 39 mentioned, is likewise rotatably mounted on the machine frame 45 about a vertical axis 41 and is connected to a corresponding drive 42. As described in FIG. 7, the two inner tamping units 3 are mounted such that they can be displaced transversely on an auxiliary frame, which in turn is connected to the machine frame 45 so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis. In this way, there is the possibility of also tamping the rail tracks of the branching track in the course of tamping a switch so that all supports of the long sleepers can be compacted in a single pass of the tamping machine.

Claims (15)

Tamping machine (43) for tamping a track (18) with a machine frame (45; 36) supported on rail carriages (44) and a two-sleeper tamping unit (1) with vibrations arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the machine and vibrated by vibration and auxiliary drives (5, 4) - And available tamping tools (6,7,8,9) with tamping pick (16) for simultaneous tamping of two neighboring sleepers (17), the tamping tools (6,7,8,9) being connected to a unit frame (14) on a height-adjustable basis Tool carriers (11; 30, 31) are mounted, characterized in that a total of four aggregate frames (14), each of which has its own tamping unit (3) and can be independently displaced by its own transverse adjustment drives (2), each with four tamping tools (6, one behind the other in the machine longitudinal direction) 7, 8, 9) are provided, each of the four tamping units (3) having its own tool holder (11. Adjustable in height by means of a height adjustment drive (12) ) and its own vibration drive (5) is assigned. Tamping machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the tamping picks (16) of at least the tamping tools (6, 9) of each unit frame or each tamping unit (3) arranged at the ends in the machine longitudinal direction are designed to be adjustable or displaceable relative to the unit frame (14) and with one corresponding drive (24,58) are connected. Tamping machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the tamping pick (16) connected to a tamping tool (6, 9) of each tamping unit (3) arranged at the end with respect to the machine longitudinal direction can be pivoted about an axis (23) running in the machine longitudinal direction on the corresponding tamping tool (6 , 9) and each connected to a swivel drive (24), two end stops (25, 26) being provided between two tamping positions to limit the swivel movement of each swivel-mounted tamping pick (16). A tamping machine according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that of a total of two tamping picks (16) mounted on a common tamping tool (6, 7, 8, 9), at least one tamping pick (16) pivotable about an axis (23) running in the machine longitudinal direction. It can be pivoted by means of a drive (24) from a first working position running parallel to the longitudinal direction of the adjacent tamping pick (16) in a machine cross direction into a second working position suitable for immersing the two tamping pick (16) on both sides of a rail (27), the two Working positions are determined by end stops (25, 26). Tamping machine according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the foremost and rearmost tamping picks (16) of each tamping unit (3) in the machine longitudinal direction are mounted on the corresponding tamping tool (6, 9) independently of one another by their own drives (58). Tamping machine according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that each of the four tamping units (3) has two tool carriers (30, 31) arranged one behind the other in the machine longitudinal direction, each of which has its own height adjustment and vibration drive (12, 5) and one Has pair of tamping tools (6.7 and 8.9). Tamping machine according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the four tamping units (3) are arranged displaceably on transverse guides (13) and are rotatably mounted on an intermediate frame (34) by a drive (32) about a vertical axis (33). Tamping machine according to claim 7, characterized in that the intermediate frame (34) is slidably mounted on auxiliary guides (37) which run horizontally and transversely to the longitudinal direction of the machine and are attached to the machine frame (36) and is connected to a transverse sliding drive (38). Tamping machine according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the transverse guides (13) or the tamping units (3) are fastened on a tool frame (48) which is connected to the track (18) and with its opposite end is longitudinally displaceably supported on the machine frame (45) and connected to a longitudinal displacement drive (50). Tamping machine according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that each tamping unit (3) which is outer with respect to the cross-machine direction can be rotated about a vertical axis (39) on a telescopically extendable support frame (40) supported on the machine frame (45) or tool frame (48) ) is stored. A tamping machine according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that an additional lifting device (55) connected to a lifting drive is provided on each longitudinal side of the machine for gripping a rail track (27) running laterally next to the machine (43). Tamping machine according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that a blocking device (19) is provided for the optional connection of the outer unit frame (14) in the cross-machine direction with the neighboring unit frame (14). A tamping machine according to claim 12, characterized in that the blocking device (19) has a bolt connected to a drive (20) and displaceably mounted from a closed to an open position. Tamping machine according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the vibration drive (5) assigned to each inner tamping unit (3) with respect to the cross-machine direction is arranged directly below the transverse guides (13) or above an eccentric shaft (28) and by a chain (29) is connected to the eccentric shaft (28) supporting the auxiliary drives (4). Tamping machine according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that at least one lifting hook (53) which can be adjusted in height and transversely by drives is provided as gripping members for the track lifting and straightening unit (52) on each machine longitudinal side.

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