EP0537130B1 - Verfahren und Katalysator für die Herstellung von isotaktischen Polyolefinen - Google Patents

Verfahren und Katalysator für die Herstellung von isotaktischen Polyolefinen Download PDF

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EP0537130B1
EP0537130B1 EP92870153A EP92870153A EP0537130B1 EP 0537130 B1 EP0537130 B1 EP 0537130B1 EP 92870153 A EP92870153 A EP 92870153A EP 92870153 A EP92870153 A EP 92870153A EP 0537130 B1 EP0537130 B1 EP 0537130B1
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radical
catalyst component
catalyst
cpr
hydrocarbyl radical
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EP0537130A1 (de
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John A. Ewen
Michael J. Elder
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Fina Technology Inc
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Fina Technology Inc
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F10/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
    • C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
    • C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
    • C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/619—Component covered by group C08F4/60 containing a transition metal-carbon bond
    • C08F4/61912—Component covered by group C08F4/60 containing a transition metal-carbon bond in combination with an organoaluminium compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
    • C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
    • C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
    • C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/619—Component covered by group C08F4/60 containing a transition metal-carbon bond
    • C08F4/6192—Component covered by group C08F4/60 containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring
    • C08F4/61922—Component covered by group C08F4/60 containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring containing at least two cyclopentadienyl rings, fused or not
    • C08F4/61927—Component covered by group C08F4/60 containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring containing at least two cyclopentadienyl rings, fused or not two cyclopentadienyl rings being mutually bridged

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a metallocene catalyst component useful in preparing isotactic polyolefins.
  • the catalyst component consists of a bridged metallocene in which one of the cyclopentadienyl rings is substituted in a different manner from the other ring.
  • the invention further includes a process of preparing isotactic polyolefins that comprises the use of one or more of the disclosed catalyst components and also a process for preparing the catalyst components.
  • the present invention provides a catalyst and process for polymerizing olefins having three or more carbon atoms to produce a polymer with a isotactic stereochemical configuration.
  • the catalyst and process are particularly useful in polymerizing propylene to form isotactic polypropylene.
  • the isotactic structure is typically described as having the methyl groups attached to the tertiary carbon atoms of successive monomeric units on the same side of a hypothetical plane through the main chain of the polymer, e.g., the methyl groups are all above or all below the plane.
  • Fischer projection formula the stereochemical sequence of isotactic polypropylene is described as follows:
  • Bovey's NMR nomenclature for an isotactic pentad is ...mmmm... with each "m” representing a “'meso" dyad or successive methyl groups on the same side in the plane.
  • any deviation or inversion in the structure of the chain lowers the degree of isotacticity and crystallinity of the polymer.
  • syndiotactic polymers are those in which the methyl groups attached to the tertiary carbon atoms of successive monomeric units in the chain lie on alternate sides of the plane of the polymer.
  • Fischer projection formula the structure of a syndiotactic polymer is designated as:
  • Catalysts that produce isotactic polyolefins are disclosed in copending U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 317,089 filed Feb. 28, 1989, and U.S. Patent Nos. 4,794,096 and 4,975,403. This application and these patents disclosed chiral, stereorigid metallocene catalyst components that are used in the polymerization of olefins to form isotactic polymers and are especially useful in the preparation of a highly isotactic polypropylene.
  • Catalysts that produce syndiotactic polyolefins are disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,892,851. This patent discloses stereorigid metallocene catalyst components having sterically different cyclopentadienyl ligands used in the polymerization of olefins to form syndiotactic polymers and are especially useful in the preparation of highly syndiotactic polypropylene. Catalysts that produce hemi-isotactic polyolefins are disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,036,034.
  • This patent disclosed stereorigid metallocene catalyst components having a lack of bilateral symmetry used in the polymerization of olefins to form hemi-isotactic polymers and are especially useful in the preparation of hemi-isotactic polypropylene.
  • the isospecific metallocene catalyst components of the prior art did not exhibit bilateral symmetry of the cyclopentadienyl ligands.
  • the syndiospecific metallocene catalyst components have bilateral symmetry or pseudo-bilateral symmetry of the cyclopentadienyl ligands.
  • the hemi-isospecific catalyst components have bilateral symmetry or pseudo-bilateral symmetry in only one cyclopentadienyl ligand.
  • the present invention provides a different class of metallocene catalyst components that are useful in forming a catalyst for polymerization to produce isotactic polyolefins and, more particularly, isotactic polypropylene.
  • the isospecific metallocene catalyst components of the present invention have bilateral symmetry or pseudo-bilateral symmetry in only one cyclopentadienyl ligand and bulky substituents on the other cyclopentadienyl ligand.
  • the present invention provides an isospecific catalyst, a process for preparing the catalyst and a polymerization process for preparing isotactic polyolefins, more particularly, isotactic polypropylene, using the catalyst.
  • the novel catalyst component provided by the present invention is a stereorigid metallocene described by the formula: R" (CpR n )(CpR' m )MeQ k wherein each R and each R' being the same or different and being hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl radical having 1-20 carbon atoms is selected so that (CpR n ) is a substituted cyclopentadienyl ring containing a bulky group in one and only one of the distal positions and (CpR' m ) is fluorenyl radical having bilateral symmetry; R" is a structural bridge between the Cp rings imparting stereorigidity to the catalyst component; Me is a Group IIIB, IVB, VB or VIB metal from the Periodic Table of El
  • the present invention provides a process for producing isotactic polyolefins and, particularly, isotactic polypropylene, that comprises utilizing at least one of the catalyst components described by the above formula and introducing the catalyst into a polymerization reaction zone containing an olefin monomer.
  • a cocatalyst such as alumoxane and/or an ionic compound capable of reacting with the metallocene to form a cationic metallocene may be introduced into the reaction zone.
  • the catalyst component may also be pre-polymerized prior to introducing it into the reaction zone and/or prior to the stabilization of reaction conditions in the reactor.
  • FIG. 1 is an illustration of the structure of a preferred catalyst component of the present invention and specifically shows iso-propyl (3-t-butyl-cyclopentadienyl)(fluorenyl) zirconium dichloride.
  • FIG. 2 is an NMR spectra for the polymer produced in using iso-propyl(3-t-butyl cyclopentadienyl)(fluorenyl) zirconium dichloride.
  • the present invention provides a catalyst and process for the production of isotactic polyolefins, particularly isotactic polypropylene.
  • the catalyst components of the present invention are generally in a class which produces syndiotactic polyolefins, i.e., metallocenes with bilateral symmetry or pseudobilateral symmetry, as disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,892,851; however, the catalyst components of the present invention unexpectedly produce isotactic polyolefins.
  • One potential mechanism is that one of the possible monomer coordination sites is blocked by a bulky group in one and only one distal position of-one of the cyclopentadienyl ligands.
  • “Bulky” is related to spatial displacement and in this invention means, preferably, having a spatial displacement greater than a methyl (CH 3 ) group and, more preferably, having a spatial displacement equal to or greater than a t-butyl group (CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 C) group.
  • the polymer product When propylene or other alpha-olefins are polymerized using a catalyst component consisting of a transition metal compound, the polymer product typically comprises a mixture of amorphous atactic and crystalline xylene insoluble fractions.
  • the crystalline fraction may contain either isotactic or syndiotactic polymer, or a mixture of both.
  • Highly iso-specific metallocene catalyst components are disclosed in copending U.S. Application Serial No. 317,089 and U.S. Patent Nos. 4,794,096 and 4,975,403. Highly syndiospecific metallocene catalyst components are disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,892,851.
  • the catalyst components of the present invention are iso-specific and produce a polymer with a high isotactic index and higher molecular weight compared to polymer produced by other isospecific catalyst components.
  • the metallocene catalyst components of the present invention may be described by the formula R"(CpR n )(CpR' m )MeQ k wherein each R and each R' being the same or different and being hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl radical having 1-20 carbon atoms is selected so that (CpR n ) is a substituted cyclopentadienyl ring containing a bulky group in one and only one of the distal positions and (CpR' m ) is fluorenyl radical having bilateral symmetry; R" is a structural bridge between the Cp rings imparting stereorigidity to the catalyst component; Me is a Group IIIB, IVB, VB or VIB metal from the Periodic Table of Elements; each Q is a hydrocarbyl radical having 1-20 carbon atoms or is a halogen; k is p - 2 where p is the valence of Me; 1 ⁇ n ⁇ 4 wherein the bulky group is of the formula AR*
  • R* is preferably a methyl radical or phenyl radical, most preferably a methyl radical.
  • R" is preferably selected from the group consisting of an alkylidene radical having 1-20 carbon atoms, a cyclic hydrocarbylidene radical having 3-12 carbon atoms, an arylidene radical, a diaryl methylidene radical, a diaryl silylidene radical, a silicon hydrocarbyl radical, a germanium hydrocarbyl radical, a phosphorus hydrocarbyl radical, a nitrogen hydrocarbyl radical, a boron hydrocarbyl radical, and an aluminum hydrocarbyl radical.
  • the metallocene catalyst component may be supported or unsupported.
  • the support can be any solid which is chemically inert and unreactive with the metallocene and the other catalyst components.
  • support material are porous materials such as talc; inorganic oxides, such as Group IIA, IIIA, IVA or IVB metal oxides, specifically, silica, alumina, magnesia, titania, zirconia, and mixtures thereof; and resinous materials, such as polyolefins, specifically, finely divided polyethylene.
  • the cyclopentadienyl ring in the metallocene catalyst component must be substituted so that there is a steric difference between the two Cp rings.
  • the characteristics of the groups substituted directly on the cyclopentadienyl rings seem to be important.
  • stereo difference or "sterically different” as used herein, it is intended to imply a difference between the steric characteristics of the Cp rings that controls the approach of each successive monomer unit that is added to the polymer chain.
  • the metal atom is chiral and can be labeled with the rotation R or S by extension of the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog rules.
  • the steric difference between the Cp rings may act to block the approaching monomer from a random approach and controls the approach such that the coordination sites alternate (R and S) during the polymerization giving the syndiotactic configuration.
  • the cyclopentadienyl ring must have a bulky group in a distal position.
  • Bilateral symmetry is defined as the condition in which there is no substituents or one or more substituents on one side and no substituents or one or more substituents on the other side in the same relative position such that a mirror image is formed from one side to another.
  • One example of such a compound is isopropyl(3-t-butyl cyclopentadienyl-1-fluorenyl) zirconium dichloride, abbreviated iPr[3-tBuCp(Flu)]ZrCl 2 .
  • An illustration of the ligands of this compound are shown below: Bilateral symmetry is illustrated by the fluorenyl radical having its right side being a mirror image of its left side.
  • Me is titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Q is preferably a halogen, and it is most preferably chlorine; and k is preferably 2.
  • exemplary hydrocarbyl radicals include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, amyl, isoamyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, cetyl, phenyl, and the like.
  • Other hydrocarbyl radicals useful in. the present catalysts include other alkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkylaryl or arylalkyl radicals.
  • R n and R' m may comprise hydrocarbyl radicals attached to a single carbon atom in the Cp rings as well as radicals that are bonded to two carbon atoms in the ring.
  • R' m is selected such that (CpR' m ) forms a fluorenyl.
  • (CpR n ) is a cyclopentadienyl radical substituted with a group chosen from -C(CH 3 ) 3 , -C(CH 3 ) 2 Ph, -CPh 3 or -Si(CH 3 ) 3 , most preferably is -C(CH 3 ) 3 .
  • FIG. 1 shows an illustration of the structure of a preferred catalyst component isopropyl(fluorenyl) (3-t-butyl cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride.
  • R" is selected from the group consisting of an alkylidene radical having 1-20 carbon atoms, a cyclic hydrocarbylidene radical having 3-12 carbon atoms, an arylidene radical, a diaryl methylidene radical, a diaryl silylidene radical, a silicon hydrocarbyl radical, a germanium hydrocarbyl radical, a phosphorus hydrocarbyl radical, a nitrogen hydrocarbyl radical, a boron hydrocarbyl radical, and an aluminum hydrocarbyl radical and more preferably is a methylidene, ethylidene, isopropylidene, cyclopropylidene, dimethylsilylidene, diphenylmethylidene or diphenylsilylidene radical.
  • the present invention also provides a process for polymerizing an olefin monomer to form an isotactic polyolefin, said process comprising:
  • Me is preferably titanium, zirconium or hafnium.
  • R" is preferably selected form the group consisting of an alkylidene radical having 1-20 carbon atoms, a cyclic hydrocarbylidene radical having 3-12 carbon atoms, an arylidene radical, a diaryl methylidene radical, a diaryl silylidene radical, a silicon hydrocarbyl radical, a germanium hydrocarbyl radical, a phosphorus hydrocarbyl radical, a nitrogen hydrocarbyl radical, a boron hydrocarbyl radical, and an aluminum hydrocarbyl radical.
  • R" is a methylidene, ethylidene, isopropylidene, cyclopropylidene, dimethylsilylidene, diphenylmethylidene or diphenylsilylidene radical.
  • R n is preferably a tertiary butyl group.
  • R" (CpR n ) (CpR' m ) preferably forms an isopropylidene(3-t-butyl cyclopentadienyl-1-fluorenyl) radical.
  • the process can further comprise the step of forming a catalyst with an aluminum compound selected from the group consisting of alumoxanes, alkyl aluminums and mixtures thereof.
  • said step is performed from an isolated complex of the metallocene catalyst and the aluminum compound.
  • the process can further comprise the step of prepolymerizing the catalyst component prior to introducing it into the reaction zone, said step of prepolymerizing including contacting the catalyst component with an olefin monomer and an aluminum compound at a temperature below that of polymerization.
  • the catalyst component may be prepared by any method known in the art. Two methods of preparing the catalyst component are disclosed below with the second method being preferred as it produces a more stable and active catalyst. It is important that the catalyst complex be "clean" as usually low molecular weight, amorphous polymer is produced by impure catalysts. Generally, the preparation of the catalyst complex consists of forming and isolating the Cp or substituted Cp ligands which are then reacted with a halogenated metal to form the complex.
  • a process for preparing a bridged metallocene catalyst component comprises contacting a substituted cyclopentadiene having bulky substituents on the cyclopentadienyl ring with a fluorene having bilateral symmetry under reaction conditions sufficient to produce a bridged substituted cyclopentadiene-fluorene compound.
  • the process further comprises contacting the bridged substituted cyclopentadiene-fluorene compound with a metal compound of the formula MeQ k as defined above under reaction conditions sufficient to complex the bridged cyclopentadiene-fluorene compound to produce a bridged metallocene wherein Me is a Group IIIB, IVB, VB or VIB metal from the Periodic Table of Elements, each Q is a hydrocarbyl radical having 1-20 having atoms or is a halogen and 0 ⁇ k ⁇ 4.
  • the process step of contacting the bridged substituted dicyclopentadiene with a metal compound can be performed in a chlorinated solvent.
  • Another process for preparing a bridged metallocene catalyst component comprises contacting a substituted cyclopentadiene having bulky substituents on the cyclopentadienyl ring with an alkylsilylchloride of the formula R ⁇ 2 SiX 2 where R ⁇ is a hydrocarbyl radical having 1-20 carbon atoms and X is an halogen.
  • R ⁇ is a hydrocarbyl radical having 1-20 carbon atoms and X is an halogen.
  • a second equivalent of a fluorene having bilateral symmetry is added to produce a silicon bridged disubstituted cyclopentadiene-fluorene compound.
  • the subsequent steps are similar to those above for producing a bridged disubstituted cyclopentadiene-fluorene coordinated to a metal.
  • the metallocene catalyst components of the present invention are useful in many of the polymerization processes known in the art including many of those disclosed for the preparation of isotactic polypropylene. When the catalyst components of the present invention are used in these types of processes, the processes produce isotactic polymers rather than syndiotactic polymers. Further examples of polymerization processes useful in the practice of the present invention include those disclosed in U.S. Application Serial No. 009,712, filed on Feb. 2, 1987, and now U.S. Pat. No. 4,767,735, and U.S. Application Serial No. 282,984, filed on Feb. 28, 1989, and now U.S. Patent No. 4,975,403, the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference. These preferred polymerization procedures include the step of prepolymerizing the catalyst component by contacting the catalyst component with a cocatalyst and an olefin monomer prior to introduction into a reaction zone at a temperature below that of polymerization.
  • the catalyst components of the present invention are particularly useful in combination with an aluminum cocatalyst, preferably an alumoxane, an alkyl aluminum, or other Lewis acids or a mixture thereof to form an active catalyst.
  • an aluminum cocatalyst preferably an alumoxane, an alkyl aluminum, or other Lewis acids or a mixture thereof to form an active catalyst.
  • a complex may be isolated between a metallocene catalyst component as described herein and an aluminum cocatalyst in accordance with the teachings of European Patent Publication No. 226,463, published on June 24, 1987, and assigned to Exxon Chemical Patents, Inc. with Howard Turner listed as the inventor.
  • a metallocene is reacted with an excess of alumoxane in the presence of a suitable solvent.
  • a complex of the metallocene and alumoxane may be isolated and used as a catalyst in the present invention.
  • the alumoxanes useful in combination with the catalyst component of the present invention may be represented by the general formula (R-A1-O-) n in the cyclic form and R(R-A1-O)- n -ALR2 in the linear form wherein R is an alkyl group with one to five carbon atoms and n is an integer from 1 to about 20. Most preferably, R is a methyl group.
  • the alumoxanes can be prepared by various methods known in the art. Preferably, the are prepared by contacting water with a solution of trialkyl aluminum, such as, trimethyl aluminum, in a suitable solvent such as benzene.
  • Another preferred method includes the preparation of alumoxane in the presence of a hydrated copper sulfate as described in U.S. Pat No. 4,404,344, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
  • This method comprises treating a dilute solution of trimethyl aluminum in toluene with copper sulfate.
  • the preparation of other aluminum cocatalysts useful in the present invention may be prepared by methods known to those skilled in the art.
  • MAO co-catalyst is a catalyst system of a metallocene, a Lewis acid ionic ionizing agent and, optionally, an aluminum alkyl.
  • Methods for preparing a cationic metallocene catalyst system are disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Serial Nos. 419,057 and 419,222, which are hereby incorporated by reference.
  • the ionizing agent which is an ion pair ionizes the metallocene to a cation.
  • the metallocene cation forms on ion pair with the anion component of the ionizing agent.
  • the segment of the metallocene compound removed by ionization forms an anion which associates with the cation component of the ionizing agent.
  • the ion pair formed from the anion of the segment of metallocene and the cation of ionizing agent is chemically inert and non-reactive with regard to the metallocene cation and the metallocene cationionizing agent anion ion pair which is an active catalyst for polymerization of olefins.
  • An aluminum alkyl such as triethyl aluminum, is useful in such an ionic catalyst system to improve yields. It is believed that aluminum alkyl acts to enhance the ionizing process and to scavenge catalyst poisons.
  • the Examples given below illustrate the present invention and its various advantages and benefits in more detail.
  • Two different synthesis procedures designated as I and II, are described.
  • the synthesis procedures in both methods were performed under an inert gas atmosphere using a Vacuum Atmospheres glovebox or Schlenk techniques.
  • the syntheses process generally comprises the steps of (1) preparing the halogenated or alkylated metal compound, (2) preparing the ligand, (3) synthesizing the complex, and (4) purifying the complex.
  • the other three steps of the synthesis may be performed as shown below or other methods known in the art.
  • the general formula for the catalyst component produced by these methods is isopropylidene (fluorenyl) (3-t-butyl cyclopentadienyl) MeCl 2 wherein Me is either zirconium or hafnium depending on the example.
  • FIG. 1 shows the structure of the zirconium catalyst component.
  • the hafnium catalyst component has essentially the same structure with Hf positioned in place of the Zr atom.
  • (CH 3 ) 2 Si[3-t-BuCp(Flu)]ZrCl 2 was prepared by adding 22 mL of 1.4 M methyllithium in ether to 5.0 g of fluorene in 60 mL of pentane at 22°C. After 4 ours solvents were removed with a cannula and 60 mL of fresh pentane were added to the yellow solids. Dimethyldichlorosilane (6 Ml, 50 mmol) was syringed into the fluorenyllithium slurry at -78°C. After warming to room temperature, unreacted dimethyldichlorosilane and pentane were removed in vacuo.
  • the dilithio salt was reslurried in hexane and 6.5 g of ZrCl 4 were added and stirring continued for 12 hours. 11.8 g of the crude metallocene and LiCl were collected on a closed filter. The crude product was extracted with dichloromethane. (CH 3 ) 2 Si[3-t-BuCp(Flu)ZrCl 2 was obtained as a yellow crystalline solid by concentrating and cooling the extract.
  • methylene chloride is used as a non-coordinating solvent.
  • the process described below uses zirconium as the transition metal, but the procedure is adaptable for use with hafnium, titanium or other transition metals.
  • the substituted dicyclopentadienyl ligand was synthesized as follows: 13.7 g of fluorene was dissolved in 180 ml of THF and 35 ml of 2.5 M of butyllithium was added slowly at 0°C. After stirring for one hour, 14 g of 3-t-butyl-6,6-dimethylfulvene in 40 ml of THF were added over the course of a one hour period. The solution was stirred for approximately 12 hours.
  • the dilithio salt of the ligand was prepared by adding 16.4 mmol of n-butyl lithium in hexane to 8.2 mmol of the ligand dissolved in 60 ml of ether and stirred for approximately 12 hours. The solvents were removed in vacuo and the red dilithio salt was washed with pentane.
  • Example 2 The same procedure as Example 1 was followed except 5.0 mg of Me 2 Si[3-tBuCp(Flu)]ZrCl 2 were used.
  • the polymer analysis is shown in Table I.
  • Example 2 The same procedure of Example 2 was followed except 1.0 mg of Me 2 Si[3-tBuCp(Flu)]ZrCl 2 was used and the polymerization time was 30 minutes.
  • the polymer analysis is shown in Table I.

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Claims (22)

  1. Metallocenkatalysatorkomponente zur Verwendung bei der Herstellung von isotaktischen Polyolefinen, wobei die Komponente durch die Formel:

            R"(CpRn) (CpR'm) MeQk

    beschrieben wird, wobei jedes R und jedes R', die gleich oder verschieden sind und Wasserstoff oder ein Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit 1-20 Kohlenstoffatomen sind, so ausgewählt werden, daß (CpRn) ein substituierter Cyclopentadienylring ist, der eine sperrige Gruppe in einer und nur einer der distalen Positionen enthält, und (CpR'm) ein Fluorenylrest mit bilateraler Symmetrie ist; R" eine strukturelle Brücke zwischen den Cp Ringen ist, die der Katalysatorkomponente sterische Starrheit verleiht; Me ein Metall der Gruppen IIIB, IVB, VB oder VIB des Periodensystems der Elemente ist; jedes Q ein Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit 1-20 Kohlenstoffatomen oder ein Halogen ist; k p - 2 ist, wobei p die Valenz von Me ist; 1 ≤ n ≤ 4, wobei die sperrige Gruppe die Formel AR*v aufweist, wobei A aus der Gruppe IVA, Sauerstoff und Stickstoff ausgewählt wird, und R* ein Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit 1-20 Kohlenstoffatomen ist, wobei R* gleich oder verschieden ist, und v die Valenz von A ist.
  2. Katalysatorkomponente nach Anspruch 1, wobei CpRn die sperrige Gruppe enthält, in der R* ein Methylrest oder Phenylrest ist.
  3. Katalysatorkomponente nach Anspruch 2, wobei R* ein Methylrest ist.
  4. Katalysatorkomponente nach Anspruch 1, wobei A ein Kohlenstoff oder Silizium ist.
  5. Katalysatorkomponente nach Anspruch 4, wobei A Kohlenstoff ist.
  6. Katalysatorkomponente nach Anspruch 1, wobei A (R*) aus -C(CH3)3, -C(CH3)2Ph, -CPh3 oder Si(CH3)3 ausgewählt wird.
  7. Katalysatorkomponente nach Anspruch 6, wobei A(R*)v -C(CH3)3 ist.
  8. Katalysatorkomponente nach Anspruch 1, wobei R" aus der Gruppe ausgewählt wird, die aus einem Alkylidenrest mit 1-20 Kohlenstoffatomen, einem cyclischen Hydrocarbylidenrest mit 3-12 Kohlenstoffatomen, einem Arylidenrest, einem Diarylmethylidenrest, einem Diarylsilylidenrest, einem Silizium-Kohlenwasserstoffrest, einem Germanium-Kohlenwasserstoffrest, einem Phosphor-Kohlenwasserstoffrest, einem Stickstoff-Kohlenwasserstoffrest, einem Bor-Kohlenwasserstoffrest und einem Aluminium-Kohlenwasserstoffrest besteht.
  9. Katalysatorkomponente nach Anspruch 8, wobei R" ein Methyliden-, Ethyliden-, Isoproyliden-, Cyclopropyliden-, Dimethylsilyliden-, Diphenylmethyliden- oder Diphenylsilylidenrest ist.
  10. Katalysatorkomponente nach Anspruch 1, wobei R"(CpRn) (CpR'm) einen Isopropyliden(3-t-butylcyclopentadienyl-1-fluorenyl)rest bildet.
  11. Katalysatorkomponente nach Anspruch 1, wobei Me Titan, Zirkonium oder Hafnium ist.
  12. Katalysator zur Verwendung bei der Herstellung isotaktischer Polyolefine, umfassend:
    a) die Katalysatorkomponente nach Anspruch 1 und
    b) eine Aluminiumverbindung, ausgewählt aus der Gruppe, die aus Alumoxanen, Alkylaluminiumverbindungen, anderen Lewissäuren und. Gemischen davon besteht.
  13. Katalysator nach Anspruch 12, umfassend einen isolierten Komplex des Metallocenkatalysators nach Anspruch 1 und die Aluminiumverbindung.
  14. Verfahren zur Polymerisation eines Olefinmonomers zur Bildung eines isotaktischen Polyolefins, wobei das Verfahren umfaßt:
    a) Auswählen einer Metallocenkatalysatorkomponente, die durch die Formel beschrieben wird:

            R"(CpRn)(CpR'm) MeQk

    wobei jedes R und jedes R', die gleich oder verschieden sind und Wasserstoff oder ein Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit 1-20 Kohlenstoffatomen sind, so ausgewählt werden, daß (CpRn) ein substituierter Cyclopentadienylring ist, der eine sperrige Gruppe in einer und nur einer der distalen Positionen enthält, und (CpR'm) ein Fluorenylrest mit bilateraler Symmetrie ist; R" eine strukturelle Brücke zwischen den Cp Ringen ist, die der Katalysatorkomponente sterische Starrheit verleiht; Me ein Metall der Gruppen IIIB, IVB, VB oder VIB des Periodensystems der Elemente ist; jedes Q ein Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit 1-20 Kohlenstoffatomen oder ein Halogen ist; k p - 2 ist, wobei p die Valenz von Me ist; 1 ≤ n ≤ 4, wobei die sperrige Gruppe die Formel A(R*)v aufweist, wobei A aus der Gruppe IVA, Sauerstoff oder Stickstoff ausgewählt wird, und R* ein Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit 1-20 Kohlenstoffatomen ist, R* gleich oder verschieden ist, v die Valenz von A ist;
    b) Bilden eines Katalysators aus der Katalysatorkomponente; und
    c) Einführen des Katalysators in eine Polymerisationsreaktionszone, die ein Olefinmonomer enthält, und Halten der Reaktionszone unter Polymerisationsreaktionsbedingungen.
  15. Verfahren nach Anspruch 14, wobei Me Titan, Zirkonium oder Hafnium ist.
  16. Verfahren nach Anspruch 14, wobei R" aus der Gruppe ausgewählt wird, die aus einem Alkylidenrest mit 1-20 Kohlenstoffatomen, einem cyclischen Hydrocarbylidenrest mit 3-12 Kohlenstoffatomen, einem Arylidenrest, einem Diarylmethylidenrest, einem Diarylsilylidenrest, einem Silizium-Kohlenwasserstoffrest, einem Germanium-Kohlenwasserstoffrest, einem Phosphor-Kohlenwasserstoffrest, einem Stickstoff-Kohlenwasserstoffrest, einem Bor-Kohlenwasserstoffrest und einem Aluminium-Kohlenwasserstoffrest besteht.
  17. Verfahren nach Anspruch 16, wobei R" ein Methyliden-, Ethyliden-, Isoproyliden-, Cyclopropyliden-, Dimethylsilyliden-, Diphenylmethyliden- oder Diphenylsilylidenrest ist.
  18. Verfahren nach Anspruch 14, wobei Rn eine tertiäre Butylgruppe ist.
  19. Verfahren nach Anspruch 14, wobei R" (CpRn)(CpR'm) einen Isopropyliden(3-t-butylcyclopentadienyl-1-fluorenyl)rest bildet.
  20. Verfahren nach Anspruch 14, bei dem außerdem ein Katalysator mit einer Aluminiumverbindung, ausgewählt aus der Gruppe, die aus Alumoxanen, Alkylaluminiumverbindungen und Gemischen davon besteht, enthalten ist und gebildet wird.
  21. Verfahren nach Anspruch 20, bei dem ein Katalysator aus einem isolierten Komplex des Metallocenkatalysators und der Aluminiumverbindung enthalten ist und gebildet wird.
  22. Verfahren nach Anspruch 14, das weiter die Präpolymerisation der Katalysatorkomponente vor ihrer Einführung in die Reaktionszone umfaßt, wobei der Schritt der Präpolymerisation das Inkontaktbringen der Katalysatorkomponente mit einem Olefinmonomer und einer Aluminiumverbindung bei einer Temperatur unterhalb der der Polymerisation umfaßt.
EP92870153A 1991-10-07 1992-09-23 Verfahren und Katalysator für die Herstellung von isotaktischen Polyolefinen Expired - Lifetime EP0537130B1 (de)

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CA2077713C (en) 2003-06-24
DE69213878D1 (de) 1996-10-24
CA2077713A1 (en) 1993-04-08
EP0537130A1 (de) 1993-04-14
DE69213878T2 (de) 1997-02-13
JP3287617B2 (ja) 2002-06-04
US5416228A (en) 1995-05-16

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