EP0477227A1 - Procede permettant de changer la structure des bandes de roulement de roues d'automobile - Google Patents

Procede permettant de changer la structure des bandes de roulement de roues d'automobile

Info

Publication number
EP0477227A1
EP0477227A1 EP19900909126 EP90909126A EP0477227A1 EP 0477227 A1 EP0477227 A1 EP 0477227A1 EP 19900909126 EP19900909126 EP 19900909126 EP 90909126 A EP90909126 A EP 90909126A EP 0477227 A1 EP0477227 A1 EP 0477227A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tire
tread
pressure
vehicle wheels
friction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19900909126
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Willi Liebig
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19893919710 external-priority patent/DE3919710C2/de
Priority claimed from DE19893943054 external-priority patent/DE3943054A1/de
Priority claimed from DE19904005010 external-priority patent/DE4005010C2/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0477227A1 publication Critical patent/EP0477227A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
    • B60C11/14—Anti-skid inserts, e.g. vulcanised into the tread band
    • B60C11/16—Anti-skid inserts, e.g. vulcanised into the tread band of plug form, e.g. made from metal, textile
    • B60C11/1606—Anti-skid inserts, e.g. vulcanised into the tread band of plug form, e.g. made from metal, textile retractable plug
    • B60C11/1612—Anti-skid inserts, e.g. vulcanised into the tread band of plug form, e.g. made from metal, textile retractable plug actuated by fluid, e.g. using fluid pressure difference

Definitions

  • the invention relates to methods and devices for the variability of the tread condition of Kral truck wheels with pneumatic tires, the friction behavior of which can be controlled in all driving conditions by adapting the tread condition to the respective road condition.
  • Patent CH 542 732 presents a concept with multi-chamber pneumatic tires and partial spike equipment, in which at least one inflatable annular air chamber is contained in the area of the tread, the spikes being inflated or deflated by inflating this chamber or releasing the pressure can be brought.
  • the control of the friction-enhancing elements consists in a change of the tread condition from the state “spikes not engaged” to the state “spikes engaged", this change being caused by a change in the tire pressure in the tire component chambers.
  • This change in position can only be brought about while the vehicle is at a standstill.
  • the corresponding tire air pressure change can only be done from the outside - e.g. B. by gas station air pumps.
  • the force required to control the spike intervention for the return and deployment movements of the different tire running zones is highly dependent on the degree of wear of the different running zones.
  • the optimization of the spike intervention on icy roads, with the aim of achieving a reasonably clear frictional relationship on the wheel contact patch, can therefore only be achieved by adjusting the air pressure in the partial tire chamber that controls the spike intervention:
  • the concept according to CH 542 732 does not indicate an adequate one control solution to this problem.
  • DE-OS 21 31 918 The concept of DE-OS 21 31 918 is defined as follows:
  • Microtor vehicle wheel with claw elements characterized in that the claw elements are arranged on a band placed around the vehicle strip in the direction of travel and there are means between the band and the tire which push the band outwards.”
  • the control of the friction-enhancing elements is carried out by changing the claw elements from the "spikes not engaged” position to the "spikes engaged” position, the claw elements moving from a recessed position - contact-free and therefore wear-free - to a highly stressed position and thus to the outside wear-intensive position can be pressed.
  • the lateral - spike-free - areas or the central, spike-reinforced - tire zones which are only used for ice rides, can wear out more, so that due to the different wear and tear pronounced fluctuations in the outlet height of the spikes can occur.
  • very different tire rolling conditions with correspondingly greater impairments of the suspension comfort can appear together with a fluctuating safety of the spike engagement conditions.
  • cylindrical claw elements - which can be pressurized with compressed air - are arranged in and out of the tire tread.
  • Another characteristic of this concept is the use of additional compressed air systems that are independent of the tire's compressed air filling.
  • the last-mentioned systems in particular have the following deficiencies: high construction and production costs, which are due to the high expenditure for the integration of the relatively complicated claw actuation systems in the tires, great risk to the functional safety of the claw movement systems due to corrosion, road dirt and melt water as well as the hereby predefined tendency to freeze in the spike guides.
  • the last-mentioned problem - in connection with the great effort for sealing measures to avoid compressed air losses or to prevent the penetration of icing water - is likely to be responsible for the foregoing so far a large-scale introduction of these and similar systems.
  • United States Patent No. 4, 582, 108 introduces a system for wireless impulse transmission, with which tire pressure increases and controls are triggered via in-wheel regulators and control energies.
  • the aim of this patent is to change the tire pressure resulting in a change in tire hardness and tire contact area.
  • the new invention is based on the task To be able to use motor vehicle wheels with variable tread quality in all driving conditions by means of pressure medium control to increase the friction in the short term in such a way that a considerable improvement in the friction behavior on smooth road surfaces can be achieved
  • the state of the art also includes solutions with movable spikes which are guided through the tire cover through cylindrical openings - usually with clearance fits - and which can alternately be transferred from contact-free to road-attacking positions.
  • the prior art includes several attempts to solve the problem, in which spikes are arranged on or in the tire tread, which can be alternately converted from "contact-free” to "road-attacking" positions by pressurizing tread portions.
  • parts of the tire cover 1.2 can be arched according to the principle of deflection of bending stresses by ⁇ R, with the elastic reduction of the tread radii - together with the partial increase in Tire hardness - the parts 1.2 of the tire tread are exposed, with the result that here a concentration of the wheel force on a reduced wheel contact area - with a corresponding friction gain due to an increased tendency to penetrate the road surface - is caused.
  • the above-described principle of pressure-controllable friction reinforcement can be further reinforced by equipping the exposed tread parts 1.2 with friction-enhancing agents - among other things. via claw elements 15 in connection with their removal ⁇ R.
  • the friction-enhancing means e.g. B. spikes or claw elements 15 or special tire profiles - are integrated flush with the surrounding material of the tire tread for normal driving conditions. You have in all road conditions - d. H. when driving on dry and icy roads - contact with the road.
  • the taper of the claw elements 15 according to the invention already represents an essential element for realizing the spike return movement for the tire changeover from "driving on ice” to "normal driving”. Accuracy and speed of the corresponding spike positioning can be achieved according to claim 4 by applying pressure from above the spike carrier 19 arranged elastic pressure medium control lines 21 are reinforced.
  • the claim 5 is an example of the possibilities for applying force from the spike carriers 19 into the spikes 15. It should be pointed out that the spike carriers 19 have to perform the tasks of guiding the spikes and the spike pressure control via the bundling and forwarding of the pressure forces from the ensure multi-line pressure medium control lines. In accordance with this task, the spike carriers 19 are selected by choosing suitable materials - e.g. B. by the use of reinforced plastics or plastic fabrics - or by special shaping measures - z. B. by targeted recesses 24 according to FIG. 6 - appropriately designed to be stretchable and load-bearing.
  • suitable materials - e.g. B. by the use of reinforced plastics or plastic fabrics - or by special shaping measures - z. B. by targeted recesses 24 according to FIG. 6 - appropriately designed to be stretchable and load-bearing.
  • Analog signal processing can be used, according to claim 7, to actuate control valves 9 to bring compressed gases from gas pressure compensation chambers 10 inside the wheel into the tire partial chamber 1.3 or into the pressure medium control lines 20 - with a corresponding activation of the spike carrier 19.
  • control valves 9 to bring compressed gases from gas pressure compensation chambers 10 inside the wheel into the tire partial chamber 1.3 or into the pressure medium control lines 20 - with a corresponding activation of the spike carrier 19.
  • the pressure controls required to change the tire running properties can be controlled in a metered manner, specifically by using several or differently metered gas cartridges 8 according to claim 6, by metering the pressure with control valves 9 or via control units 6, which creates the possibility to bring about the adaptation to the different road conditions via increases and decreases in tire pressure.
  • the energy required for handling the control and regulation processes can further be according to claim 10 via the implementation of the wheel movements gie generated in electrical energy - z. B. via coils or windings 12 in the wheels and magnets 13 on the vehicle cells -, their use can be regulated either directly or via storage in batteries or batteries 7 via appropriate electrical lines 14.
  • hydraulics and pneumatics are used for the tire pressure control according to the invention.
  • the use of hydraulics primarily offers the advantage of the low compressibility of this pressure medium.
  • hydraulic and pneumatic elements and media can be used in combination to control the friction-enhancing measures, their connection to control units acting in concert being established via pressure accumulators, pressure medium converters 25 or via pressure intensifiers.
  • the spikes are used to avoid water ingress with shrinkage stresses in the tire tread.
  • the spikes 15 are designed conically - with a tapering tendency towards the outside - and inserted as free of play as possible or with shrinkage stresses in the tire cover, so that an optimization of the sealing of the spike guides with pushed out as well as with withdrawn or flush spikes are achieved can.
  • the force relationships on the inclined spike surfaces support that return movement into the - flush - starting position of the spikes, which - after the pressurization of the spikes has ended - is brought about by the wheel contact forces.
  • a further measure for sealing the spikes is made possible in accordance with claim 17 in that a material combination with a water-repellent or capillary-depressive tendency is brought about by the choice of the material properties of the spikes and the surrounding tire parts.
  • the intensity of the friction-enhancing measures can be significantly increased.
  • the claw elements 15 inside the tire cover of a compared to the tire cover layer more elastic or porous serem material - e.g. B. in the form of inserts 16 - surrounded the respective position of the friction-enhancing means with respect to their exit height from the interplay between the external force of the Reireninnen ⁇ Kunststoffes in the tire compartment 1.3 and the elastic or compressible - possibly elastically biased - insert 16 within Tire cover is regulated.
  • Claim 19 is intended to influence the tread bulging tendency ⁇ R caused by the pressure change by means of special reinforcing inserts 17, with the aim of optimizing the contact area and the rolling conditions, for which purpose the choice of appropriate materials, the coordination of dimensions and the the pre-tensioning of the reinforcement inserts 17, which is aimed at curvature tendency, is used primarily.
  • special running zones 1.2 are equipped with different equipment, which are alternately or jointly caused to bulge ⁇ R and thus to change the tire friction properties via the pressure control of the tire subchambers 1.3.
  • the goal of an all-weather chassis concept based on the principle of the multi-chamber tire is aimed at, namely in that, according to FIG Deflection of the membrane shortens the distance between the two side walls and thus reinforces them kung the bulging tendency of the tire tread ⁇ R triggers.
  • FIGS. 1 to 9 The invention in the sense of realizing several new features is illustrated below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 9. It should be added that the uniformity of the examples according to FIGS. 1 and 3/4 is given by the fact that in both cases the friction-enhancing means are used by increasing the bulging of tire tread parts, the concept of FIG Activation of the friction-enhancing means takes place via a large-area force application, specifically by pressurizing the partial tire chamber 1.3, while according to FIGS. 3 and 4, the corresponding control movement - e.g. B. the spike carrier 19 and the spikes 15 - is brought about via the pressurization of multi-strand hose-like pressure medium control lines 20.
  • FIG. 1 shows the principle of the new method according to claims 1 and 2, this drawing being intended to clarify the influence of tire pressure control on the tire bulges ⁇ R and ⁇ R ', in particular by comparing the tire conditions 1 and 2.
  • FIG. 2 shows a detailed drawing with details on the equipment and configuration of the tire special running zone 1.2.
  • FIG. 3 shows a series of the characteristic parts for the implementation possibility according to claims 3 and 4, the principles of these claims being clarified in particular by means of the detail drawing A according to FIG. 5 - with the comparison of tire conditions 1 and 2.
  • FIG. 4 shows the partial section of a motor vehicle wheel according to the invention with the possibility of a hydro-pneumatic pressure control, namely together with a pressure medium supply from the outside - via the connection 27 on the rim flange.
  • FIG. 6 shows the principle of a spike carrier, the deformability of which is increased by recesses 24 has been.
  • FIG. 7 shows the concept of an all-weather tire in the form of a combination of several elements of the invention.
  • FIG. 9 shows a simple form of the control of the tire quality according to the invention, the principle of which consists in exposing the friction-enhancing means by increasing the pressure within the main tire chamber.
  • Pulse conductor 5 Pulse conductor 5, regulating or control valves 9, electr. Energy storage 7, gas pressure lines 11 and control and regulating units 6 for processing the pulses or signals, for. B. for the gas cartridges 8 or for the control of the tire pressure via the gas pressure compensation chamber 10.
  • this conception can essentially achieve those tire rolling and friction conditions which, for. B. also occur when driving with studded tires, but with the decisive advantage of the new Kon zeption, according to which the possibility of short-term adaptation to a critical situation that is predetermined by a sudden icing of the road can now be achieved.
  • the tendency to damage the driving spell is relatively low, since an engagement of the claw elements is only possible for journeys over critical railroad tracks.
  • the new concept offers the possibility of reducing the hardness of the claw elements - possibly without the use of hard metal - so that the wear on the claw elements can be adapted to that of the rest of the tread.
  • the new concept offers the possibility of improving the driving safety of motor vehicles by means of a control-related linkage with brake slip preventers or with anti-lock braking systems.
  • valves, screw connections, closures, seals, electrical devices or part joints on the rims which, for. B. - because of the better accessibility to the control devices and their connections - could be divisible.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Tires In General (AREA)

Abstract

Le nouveau procédé offre la possibilité d'adaptation de la structure des pneus aux différents états de la chaussée, en particulier pour des chaussées verglacées ou recouvertes d'eau, tout en éliminant largement les influences défavorables sur le fonctionnement produites par des tendances à l'encrassement et au givrage, avec en outre la possibilité de réduire les durées d'adaptation. Le nouveau procédé est caractérisé avant tout par la possibilité de modification, commandée par la pression du pneu, de la répartition de l'appui de la roue sur différentes parties de la bande de roulement. L'adaptation de la structure des pneus aux chaussées verglacées se fait, par exemple, selon le dessin, par l'intermédiaire de bombements (DELTAR), commandés par la pression du pneu, dans des zones de roulement spéciales (1.2) armées de spikes, à savoir par l'intermédiaire d'augmentations de la pression des pneus dans des chambres de pneu partielles (1.3). L'activation correspondante des pneus avec chambres à air peut être réalisée: (i) sur des véhicules stationnaires ou non, (ii) en peu de temps, (iii) de manière manuelle ou automatique, par exemple au moyen de palpeurs et d'une transmission sans fil des impulsions de palpeur (3) par l'intermédiaire du récepteur (4) et du guide d'impulsions (5), avec l'allumage de cartouches à gaz (8) ou par l'intermédiaire de l'alimentation en air comprimé à partir de réservoirs à air comprimé (10) internes à la roue commandée par l'intermédiaire de soupapes de commande (9) et de conduites (11). Des moyens de réglage (6) facilitent, par des diminutions correspondantes de la pression des pneus, des réadaptations aux changements de l'état de la chaussée.
EP19900909126 1989-06-16 1990-06-15 Procede permettant de changer la structure des bandes de roulement de roues d'automobile Withdrawn EP0477227A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3919710 1989-06-16
DE19893919710 DE3919710C2 (de) 1989-06-16 1989-06-16 Gleitschutzsystem für Kraftfahrzeugluftreifen
DE3943054 1989-12-28
DE19893943054 DE3943054A1 (de) 1989-06-16 1989-12-28 Verfahren und einrichtungen zur beeinflussbarkeit der laufflaechenbeschaffenheit von fahrzeugraedern mit mehrkammer-luftreifen
DE4005010 1990-02-19
DE19904005010 DE4005010C2 (de) 1990-02-19 1990-02-19 Gleitschutzsystem für Kraftfahrzeugluftreifen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0477227A1 true EP0477227A1 (fr) 1992-04-01

Family

ID=27199723

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19900909126 Withdrawn EP0477227A1 (fr) 1989-06-16 1990-06-15 Procede permettant de changer la structure des bandes de roulement de roues d'automobile

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0477227A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1990015725A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0632111U (ja) * 1992-10-07 1994-04-26 藤一 竹林 タイヤの構造
US20050092411A1 (en) * 2003-10-31 2005-05-05 O'brien John M. Tire having expandable tread portion
US7066226B1 (en) * 2005-08-23 2006-06-27 Robert Angelo Fiore Fuel efficient vehicle tire having a variable footprint and low rolling resistance
US8215353B2 (en) 2009-10-20 2012-07-10 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Studs for a tire
US8215354B2 (en) 2009-10-20 2012-07-10 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Studs for a tire
CN106494945A (zh) * 2016-12-04 2017-03-15 重庆永富电线电缆有限公司 电缆卷输送装置
CN107009821A (zh) * 2017-04-13 2017-08-04 李良杰 具有模式转换功能的轮胎
US11084331B2 (en) 2018-12-18 2021-08-10 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Winter tire stud
CN118342917B (zh) * 2024-06-12 2024-09-20 连云港久光重工制造有限公司 一种减少轮胎磨损的滑移装载机差速转向装置

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2131918A1 (de) * 1971-06-26 1973-01-11 Walter Bruckert Kraftfahrzeugrad mit krallelementen
DE2202420A1 (de) * 1972-01-19 1973-07-26 Rolf Rittinghaus Fahrzeug- spikesbereifung fuer extrem geringen verschleiss an strasse und rad
DE2215843A1 (de) * 1972-03-30 1973-10-11 Ivm Ingenieurleistungen Fuer V System zum ein- und ausfahren von haftungsverbessernden stiften, insbesondere spikes, in der laufsohle eines fahrzeugreifens
US3942572A (en) * 1974-01-15 1976-03-09 Crandall Azel L Multicelled, tubeless safety tire with air activated snow and ice studs
JPS61241204A (ja) * 1985-04-03 1986-10-27 Yutaka Shiraishi スパイクタイヤのピンの部分が気温によつて自動的に出入りする装置
DE3721500A1 (de) * 1987-06-30 1989-01-12 Agot Eric Joel Einziehbares-integriertes-reifenspikessystem (eir-system)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9015725A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1990015725A1 (fr) 1990-12-27

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