EP0475932B1 - Device for impacting isolation panels in masonry - Google Patents

Abstract

The device for driving insulating panels (4) into masonry (30) consists of a pneumatically, hydraulically or electrically driven impact hammer (1), the impact piston (2) of which acts, via a clamping jaw (3), on one end face of the insulating panels (4). The clamping jaw (3) is constructed with a shaft (7) which is guided in a guide channel (9) of the impact hammer (1), and with a bill (8) which receives the insulating panels (4). To shorten the overall length of the device and reduce the risk of the tool fracturing, the guide channel (9) in the impact hammer (1) is constructed cylindrical with only a slightly smaller diameter than the impact piston (2), and the shaft (7) has the same diameter, without a step, from the impact piston (2) up to the point of transition to the bill (8) of the clamping jaw (3). In addition, the guide channel (9) is of shortened design, omitting a device for securing the tool against falling out. The impact hammer (1) can be arranged, so as to be horizontally fixed but vertically adjustable, on a chassis (18) provided with wheels (22) and of horizontally extending axis. A pneumatic or hydraulic actuating cylinder (25) is provided for supporting the chassis (18). <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a device for driving in insulating boards in masonry, with a pneumatically, hydraulically or electrically driven percussion hammer, the percussion piston via an intermediate piece, which as a clamping jaw with a shaft adjoining the percussion piston and guided in a guide channel of the percussion hammer and one Is beak insulating plate is formed, acts on an end face of the insulating plates, which consist of profiled, preferably corrugated plates made of steel or hard plastic.

From AT-PS 335 689 a method for draining damp walls is known, in which hard insulating plates made of stainless steel or plastic are then hammered into the masonry. The insulating panels, which go through the entire width of the masonry, form a practically unlimited lock in it, which reliably prevents the rising of moisture.

However, special tools as well as specialist knowledge and experience of the operating personnel are required for the correct and horizontal insertion of the insulation panels into the masonry. A hammer is used for this purpose, which acts on an end face of the insulating plates via an intermediate piece. In order to safely transmit the impact energy to the insulating plates and to hold them when driving horizontally into the masonry, a device is known from AT-PS 364 149 in which the intermediate piece as a clamping jaw with a shaft adjoining the percussion piston of the percussion hammer and a die Is insulating plate receiving beak is formed. It is necessary to adapt the shaft of the clamping jaw guided in the hammer to the guide channel of the hammer.

The conventional percussion hammers, mostly pneumatic hammers, have a guide channel with a mostly hexagonal, relatively small cross-section at their insertion end that receives the tool. Round cross-sections of similar dimensions are rarely used. The shanks of the clamping jaws could therefore only be designed with a correspondingly small cross-section so that they fit into the existing guide channels. In the case of hexagonal guide channels, this results in a smaller load-bearing cross section of the shaft, since this has to be inscribed in the hexagonal profile. At the point of extension from the shank to the jaw of the clamping jaw or in the area of a shoulder of the shank, these conditions repeatedly lead to breaks in the relatively expensive tools.

The known impact hammers are also provided with a device which secures the tool inserted into the guide channel against falling out. This can be a ball lock in which spring-loaded balls or similar locking pieces snap into a groove in the tool shank, or a mechanical snap lock which engages with a hook or lever on a collar or a shoulder of the tool. In a further known embodiment, the tool shaft is provided with a collar which, at the end of the stroke of the tool, strikes a cap which is placed or screwed onto the end of the striking device.

The US-PS 2 685 274 describes an embodiment in which a collar made of elastic material is attached to the tool shaft, which not only secures the tool against falling out but also dampens its impact at the stroke end on the cap and on the hammer at the entrance of the guide channel . The tool shaft is of the same diameter over its entire length and the elastic collar or collar is glued or vulcanized onto the tool shaft. The end of the tool shank protruding from the device is designed as a chisel. Because of the device for securing the tool against falling out, the known impact hammers are relatively long. In particular, the tool shank, which must be of the appropriate length, also projects over the hammer.

To drive the insulating plates into the masonry, it is known from AT-PS 364 150 to arrange the hammer on a support frame which is attached to the masonry. The percussion hammer is provided on a bridge which is held in a height-adjustable manner on supports and carries a carriage which can be moved on the bridge transversely to the direction of impact. A carriage that can be moved in the direction of impact is mounted on the carriage, on which the hammer is mounted. With the help of this support frame, the hammer can be brought quickly, effortlessly and precisely into the correct position relative to the masonry for driving in the respective insulating plate, so that the insulating plate is inserted precisely into the masonry joint. However, the support frame with the bridge, the carriage and the sliding carriage takes up a relatively large space that is not available everywhere. The width of the support frame is not insignificantly determined by the length of the hammer that is mounted horizontally on it.

The invention has for its object to provide a simplified and significantly reduced device for wrapping insulating panels in masonry, even with limited space nissen, for example in narrow aisles, but still allows the panels to be hammered in properly, is robust and can be used universally.

With the invention, this object is achieved by the features of the characterizing part of claim 1.

The design according to the invention initially enables the tool shank to be shortened and to have a stronger cross-section, which, in conjunction with the constant diameter over its entire length, substantially increases its resistance to the impact stress that occurs and largely eliminates the risk of breakage. To accommodate the tool shank with a reinforced diameter, the guide channel of the impact hammer can be enlarged or drilled out compared to the designs previously used. A further advantage results from the fact that all tools can have the same shaft diameter and therefore fit all impact hammers, which considerably simplifies and reduces the cost of storage.

The tool shank can also be shortened so far apart from the training with a larger diameter that the beak receiving the insulating plates at the front end of the shank is as close as possible to the guide channel of the hammer for the shank or directly adjoins its outer end. A robust clamping jaw is thereby obtained, which can safely cope with the hard blows, the bending stresses and the twists which occur due to the relatively wide beak which is necessary for aligning and guiding the insulating plates when driving in.

An equally important advantage is finally achieved by the shortened design of the impact hammer, which enables its use even in confined spaces, especially in narrow aisles. The shortened percussion hammer can be held and guided by hand while driving in. On the other hand, its space-saving design also allows the use of a small and simple frame to hold it.

In the invention, the impact hammer, which is shortened without tool securing, is arranged on a wheeled chassis with a horizontally extending axis in a stationary manner, but adjustable in the vertical direction. It is a simple, mobile frame for the shortened percussion hammer, on which it is only mounted adjustable in the vertical direction. The support of the device, the feed movement when driving in the plates and the lateral displacement before driving in a new plate are done by moving the chassis with the help of its wheels and thus in a particularly simple manner. This can be done manually by an operator. Since, apart from the vertical adjustment, no further devices for moving the impact hammer are required and the impact hammer used is short, the chassis according to the invention is simple, small and mobile, so that it can be used practically anywhere, in particular even in confined spaces.

An advantage of the device according to the invention is that it can be shortened, e.g. by cutting off a part of the tool guide projecting above the percussion piston and by enlarging the guide channel, in particular if the hexagonal guide is present, into a cylindrical shape. The device on the conventional impact hammers for securing the tool against falling out is removed and the overall length of the impact hammer is considerably shortened. This measure enables the device according to the invention to be manufactured in a simple and particularly inexpensive manner from a commercially available conventional hammer.

In the context of the invention, it is advantageously possible to design the device so that all guide channels for the clamping jaws have the same diameter regardless of the size of the percussion hammer, the same clamping jaws being usable for all percussion hammers. Overall, a cost reduction in the manufacture of the individual tools is achieved and, in addition, a further significant cost reduction in tool holding, since all tools fit all impact hammers. Finally, the increase in the service life of the tools due to the cross-sectional reinforcement over the entire length of the shortened shank is considerable. The shortening of the shank also makes the tools lighter, which means that the impact energy is better transferred from the hammer to the insulating plates.

The device according to the invention can not only be used for designs in which the shaft and the beak of the clamping jaws consist of one piece. With the same advantage, it is possible according to the invention that the shaft inserted into the guide channel in the percussion hammer is separated from the jaw of the clamping jaw and engages with its preferably slightly tapered end in a recess of the jaw with play. The shaft is separated from the beak from the outset, which further increases the risk of breakage at the transition point, which is particularly at risk decreased.

Practically the same effect is achieved if, according to a variant of the invention, a connecting sleeve is provided, into which the shaft engages from one end and which is placed on an extension of the beak with the other end. Here too, the risk of breakage is eliminated by the division made from the outset.

According to a further feature of the invention, a pneumatic or hydraulic actuating cylinder can be arranged on the chassis, by means of which the chassis can be moved against the masonry with the percussion hammer, the actuating cylinder being supported against the masonry via an extendable support leg or via a fixed connection to the masonry Traction device is connected to this. This simple additional device is used to reliably support the percussion hammer with the tool when driving in the plates and, if necessary, also to carry out the feed movement, so that the operator does away with practically every major physical effort to operate the device according to the invention.

Further details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments which are illustrated in the drawings. 1 shows a partially cut-away top view of a conventional device for driving in insulating panels into masonry, and FIG. 2 shows a section along the line 11-11 in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 shows one of the representations in FIG. 1 Similar view of a device according to the invention shown and in Fig. 4 is a section along the line IV-IV in Fig. 3. Figs. 5 and 6 show details of variants of the tools, each in section. 7, 8 and 9 illustrate an embodiment of the device according to the invention with a chassis for holding the percussion hammer, FIGS. 7 and 8 showing two variants in side view and FIG. 9 a partially sectioned front view of the chassis.

The device shown in Fig. 1 consists of an impact hammer 1 with an impact piston 2 displaceable therein, which e.g. is pneumatically driven. The percussion piston 2 acts on a corrugated insulating plate 4 via an intermediate piece designed as a clamping jaw 3. At the other end of the percussion hammer 1 there is a switch-on lever 5. The drive air is supplied via a pressure hose 6. The impacts carried out by the percussion piston 2 are via the clamping jaw 3 transferred to the insulating plate 4, which is thereby driven into the masonry.

The clamping jaw 3 consists of a shaft 7 and an adjoining beak 8. The shaft 7 is of relatively long design, is guided in a guide channel 9 of the hammer 1 in the axial direction and is provided with a shoulder 10 in its central part. The stronger section 11 of the shaft 7 is covered with a relatively large amount of play by a funnel-shaped extension 12 of the housing of the hammer 1. In the area of this funnel-shaped extension 12 there are anchoring devices for the connected tool in the conventional impact hammers, which prevent this from being unintentionally released from the impact hammer and falling out.

From Fig. 2 it can be seen that the guide channel 9 in the percussion hammer 1 has a hexagonal cross section and the shaft 7 of the clamping jaw 3 in this area must have a cross section which is smaller than the circle inscribed in the hexagon of the guide channel 9.

It can be seen from Fig. 1 that the shaft 7 and the associated guide channel 9 together with the funnel-shaped extension 12 are relatively long, so that the device as a whole has a relatively large length. In practice, this means that a correspondingly large working width is required in order to work properly with the device. The required working width is not available in many houses, e.g. in narrow corridors, stairwells and the like In addition, the long and relatively thin shaft 7 of the clamping jaw 3 tends to break, especially in the area of the heel 10, where notch effects cannot be completely eliminated.

FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the device according to the invention in the same representation as the conventional device in FIG. 1. Here too, a tool consisting of a clamping jaw 3 is attached to the percussion hammer 1 with the percussion piston 2, the shaft 7 of which slides in a guide channel 9 of the percussion hammer 1. The funnel-shaped enlargement 12 adjoining the guide channel 9 in FIG. 1, however, has completely disappeared. The housing of the hammer 1 and the shaft 7 are correspondingly shorter. For this purpose, the shaft 7 has a considerably larger diameter than in FIG. 1.

As can be seen from FIG. 4, the guide channel 9 is cylindrical with only a slightly smaller diameter than the percussion piston 2, which enables the larger cross section of the shaft 7. The shaft 7 also has the same diameter from the percussion piston 2 to the transition point in the beak 8 of the clamping jaw 3 without a shoulder.

Starting from a conventional percussion hammer according to FIG. 1, the percussion hammer according to the invention according to FIG. 3 can be carried out in a simple manner can be produced in that the part of the housing of the impact hammer 1 facing the clamping jaw 3 is cut off in part, and the impact hammer is thereby considerably shortened. Subsequently, it is then only necessary to drill out the guide channel 9, which is usually hexagonal in conventional designs, with the largest possible diameter. The shaft 7 of the clamping jaw 3 can then also be shortened and designed with a correspondingly larger diameter without a shoulder, as a result of which considerable mechanical reinforcement is achieved and breaks are largely eliminated. In addition, the same tool can be used for all impact hammers, which makes stocking much easier. Finally, the shortening of the shaft 7 also makes the clamping jaw 3 lighter, as a result of which the impact energy exerted on it by the hammer 1 is transmitted to the insulating plate 4 with greater efficiency.

In the variant shown in FIG. 5, the clamping jaw 3 is made in two parts. The shaft 7 inserted in the guide channel 9 in the percussion hammer 1 is separated from the beak 8 of the clamping jaw 3 and is inserted with its slightly tapered end 13 into a recess 14 of the beak 8 with play. In the embodiment according to FIG. 6, a connecting sleeve 15 is provided, which has a continuous channel 16 which is offset approximately in the middle. The shaft 7 engages in this connecting sleeve 15 from one end (from the left in the drawing), and with the other end the connecting sleeve 15 is pushed onto an extension 17 of the beak 8. Here, too, there is a direct mechanical connection between the shaft 7 and the beak 8, as a result of which a perfect transmission of the blows of the hammer 1 to the insulating plate 4 to be driven is ensured. The split design of the clamping jaw 3 in the shaft 7 and the beak 8 further reduces the risk of breakage in the transition area.

The chassis 18 shown in FIGS. 7, 8 and 9 consists of four tubular uprights 19 which are connected to one another by longitudinal members 20 and cross members 21 and have wheels 22 aligned at their lower ends in the longitudinal direction of the chassis 18. A striking hammer 1 and a pneumatic or hydraulic actuating cylinder 25 are fastened to the cross members 21 by means of a holder 23 and bearing brackets 24, 24 'and 24 ", which are shown in FIG. 9, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 9, which can be rotated in a nut 28 by means of a crank 27. The nut 28 is fastened to the upper end of an adjusting tube 29, which is inserted concentrically into the tubular post 19 and to the lower end of which A wheel 22 is arranged at the end, by simply turning the crank 27, it is possible to extend or shorten the tubular uprights 19 practically as desired and thus to align the hammer 1 attached to the holder 23 precisely to the required height.

The use of the chassis 18 provided according to the invention can be seen from FIGS. 7 and 8. The chassis 18 is directed with one of its end faces onto a brickwork 30 into which insulating plates 4 are to be driven horizontally. The insulating plates 4 are held in a clamping jaw 3, the shaft 7 of which, as shown in FIG. 3, is slidably guided in the guide channel 9 of the hammer 1. At its front end, the insulating plates 4 are aligned with the wall joint 31 into which they are to be driven. The exact alignment is carried out by adjusting the height of the chassis 18 with the help of the cranks 27. The insulating plates 4 are driven into the wall joints 31 with the help of the hammer 1 and by a feed movement of the chassis 18 in the direction of the masonry 30.

The feed movement when driving the insulating plates 4 into the masonry 30 can be carried out manually by a worker. Since this requires a relatively large effort, according to the invention, the pneumatic or hydraulic actuating cylinder 25 is provided for this purpose. 7 tightens a rope 33 via a deflection roller 32, the end of which is suspended by a hook 34 in a pipe 35 which is anchored to the masonry 30, e.g. is fixed by dowels 36. In this simple manner, the feed movement can be effected with the aid of the actuating cylinder 25, a relatively large feed path being possible because the feed corresponds to twice the piston stroke of the actuating cylinder 25 due to the cable 33 being guided over the deflection roller 32.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 8, the actuating cylinder 25 acts directly on a support rod 38 rigidly attached to it or via a joint 37, the free end of which is firmly supported on a wall 40 via an enlarged shoe 39. The support rod 38 can be telescopically extendable, e.g. with the help of spaced bores, which are provided in telescopically telescoped rod parts, which are connected to each other by a bolt passing through the bores. Instead of on a wall 40, the support rod 38 can also be anchored to the floor with its shoe 39, e.g. by driving in concrete iron and the like. in the ground on which a post is supported.

In this exemplary embodiment too, the feed movement of the chassis 18 takes place when the insulating plates 4 are knocked into the masonry 30 by the actuating cylinder 25, the possible feed distance being able to be increased practically as desired by a corresponding extension of the support rod 38. As soon as an insulating plate 4 is hammered into the masonry 30, the chassis 18 is withdrawn from the masonry 30 either by hand or by reversing the actuating cylinder 25 and displaced laterally approximately by the width of the insulating plate 4, whereupon after inserting a new insulating plate 4 into the clamping jaw 3 this is driven into the masonry 30 in the manner described.

From the description and the drawings it can be seen that the device according to the invention is relatively simple, has small dimensions and is also easy to use. In principle, it can be used universally, but due to its special properties it is particularly suitable for use in limited spatial conditions, e.g. in basements, narrow corridors and other inaccessible places, whereby their easy portability is a further advantage.

Claims (5)

1. An apparatus for beating in insulating boards (4) into brickwork (30), with an undercarriage (18) provided with wheels (22) and a sledge hammer (1) arranged adjustably on the undercarriage (18) and driven pneumatically, hydraulically or electrically, having a percussion piston (2) which acts on the face side of the insulating boards (4) via an intermediate part arranged as clamping jaw, which boards are made from profiled, preferably corrugated plates made from steel or hard plastic, with the sledge hammer being arranged adjustably in the vertical direction and the undercarriage (18) being displaceable by hand or by a drive relative to the brickwork, characterized in that the guide duct (9) in the sledge hammer (1) for the shaft (7) of the clamping jaw (3) is arranged in a shortened manner without a device for securing the tool from falling out and the sledge hammer (1) is arranged in a stationary manner with a horizontally extending axis in the horizontal direction.

2. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that all guide ducts (9) for the clamping jaws (3) are provided with the same diameter irrespective of the size of the sledge hammer (1), with the same clamping jaws (3) being usable for all sledge hammers (1).

3. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the shaft (7) inserted in the guide duct (9) in the sledge hammer (1) is separated from the jaw (8) of the clamping jaw (3) and engages with play with its slightly conically tapering end (13) into a recess (14) of the jaw (8).

4. An apparatus as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that a connecting sleeve (15) is provided, in which the shaft (7) engages from one end and which is placed on an extension (17) of the jaw (8) with the other end.

5. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a pneumatic or hydraulic operating cylinder (25) is arranged on the undercarriage (18), by means of which the undercarriage (18) with the sledge hammer (1) is displaceable against the brickwork (30), with the operating cylinder (25) being supported against the brickwork (30) via a supporting rod (38) or being connected with the brickwork (30) via a traction device (32, 33, 34, 35) fixedly connected thereto.

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