EP2304179B1 - Automated drilling and bolt setting device comprising separate carriages - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a device for setting a rock anchor with a mounted on a Lafettenträger drill mount.

Such devices are used in tunnel, mining or civil engineering in the fuse expansion. The anchors take over various functions as a tension element, to improve the bearing effect of the mountains, as part of the attachment of expansion arches or to prevent transverse displacement in the rock. Common forms are anchoring in one or three steps. In the former, the self-drilling anchor filled with adhesive is brought into the rock in just one step. Disadvantage is, in addition to the high price of such Selbstbohrankers that a beating drilling with this technique is not possible. In the three-step process, drill holes are initially made separately. Then the adhesive is pushed manually into the drilled hole; Finally, the anchor is manually placed on the drill rig, after previously the boring bar has been removed. In the third step, the anchor rod is pushed into the anchor hole by means of a drill feed. When the boring bar is simultaneously rotated by means of a boring motor, the previously inserted adhesive is swirled and distributed in the borehole. The manual work is done often and largely in the unsecured area. This technique can be significantly improved by using combined drilling and tying tools, which have both a drilling / striking mechanism for producing the holes and an anchor network for setting the anchors. Such a device is z. B. from the EP 0 470 061 known. There, the drilling / impact mechanism is advanced with a carriage over the carriage and retracted after completion of the holes. Subsequently, a switch in the form that a Arm is adjusted and the anchor network is moved across the carriage, so that the anchor comes into alignment with the wellbore. At the same time, the drill / impact mechanism is moved transversely to its rest position. Then the sled is pushed forward with the anchor network on the mount against the rock in order to set the anchor. Upon completion, the anchor network is retracted and a new cycle can begin. With such a device can already be achieved considerable weight savings, combined with a larger drilling progress. The disadvantage of this, however, is still comparatively high manual and mechanical effort when switching the device between drilling and Ankersetzbetrieb and especially for use in cramped conditions too wide and bulky device. In this regard, the drilling and tethering device according to US 2003/0066665 proved disadvantageous. Here are quasi drilling and anchoring network equal 180 ° offset from each other. However, the conversion between drilling and anchor setting position is only cumbersome to implement and there are other disadvantages in connection with the dimensioning of the units. Thus, the aggregates for anchor nets must be dimensioned according massive, which is problematic in terms of manufacturing and operating costs, but also on the cramped space in which such devices are used. GB-A-2 114 027 , which may be considered as the closest prior art, also discloses a device for drilling and setting rock anchors.

Thus, the present invention has the object to provide a particularly compact device for setting a rock anchor, which manages with a minimum of aggregates.

This object is achieved in that the Lafettenträger has a reduced in their dimensions relative to the drill mount, offset by approximately 90 ° and separately driven anchor grid carriage.

The device according to the invention thus has, so to speak, a main and a secondary carriage. While the former is responsible for the drilling function and solidly trained in a proven manner and correspondingly strongly dimensioned Aggregates, such as turning and / or percussion and sledging, builds the anchor mesh mount including aggregates comparatively small and is earmarked exclusively for the anchor set operation. The drilling and tying tool have different drives that can be driven on different tracks at different speeds. Even the type of drive can be different. If necessary, individual units and accessories, such as supply hoses, may be formed separately from each other. All this also means that the pivot angle between the drilling and the anchor setting position can be comparatively small, so that a particularly compact, manoeuvrable and usable under different conditions device is given. Manual work in the danger zone when using an injection anchor or an anchor with integrated adhesive technology can also be omitted.

In this regard, the proposal is to be understood, according to which the device is equipped with a pivoting mechanism, via which the Lafettenträger is adjustable between a drilling and a Ankersetzposition. These are z. B. a transverse to the drilling axis oriented hydraulic cylinder. Over this, the stress of only a minimum of space, the drilling and the anchor mesh carriage between their respective parking and the position in the drilling axis pivoted back and forth.

A particular variant of the invention provides that the Lafettenträger is formed in two parts and that the pivot mechanism between an upper part and a lower part of the Lafettenträgers is provided. First mentioned part includes in particular drilling and Ankersetzlafette, the latter part the connection to a vehicle or the Lafettenanstellung and the fixation to the mountains. Between the upper and lower part of the Lafettenträgers the pivoting mechanism is provided, which allows a pivoting of the upper part of the carriage carrier about an axis provided parallel to the drilling axis.

In this context, it is proposed that a mandrel is arranged at the front end of the lower part of the carriage carrier. This towers the actual device forward in the direction of the working face. The drilling position is approached with the comparatively small mount carriage. About the mandrel ensures that the appropriate pressure can be applied to the working face, so that when drilling and then pivoting for Ankersetzen the carriages are fixed to the working face / remains.

In addition, it is provided for the drilling process that the lower part of the Lafettenträgers is equipped with a carriage position. These are in particular a hydraulic cylinder and a corresponding guide for linear displacement of the carriage carrier for easier fixation of the carriage to the working face.

In addition, the handling of the Lafettenträgers invention can be improved by the upper part of the Lafettenträgers is attached by sliding guides on the carriage. As a result, the carriage is displaceable by means of a cylinder and thus formed telescopically, whereby longer drill pipe and / or anchor can be introduced via the device according to the invention.

A particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the anchor mesh carriage is laterally flanged to the carriage carrier. Because of the massiveness of such a Lafettenträgers here anyway enough space is available to provide the Ankersetzlafette. The carriages have a double-T or U-shaped profile so that they can be connected together in a suitable manner.

It has already been pointed out that a significant advantage of the invention can be seen in the compactness of the device, specifically in the parts of the device responsible for the anchor setting. This is also expressed by the fact that the anchor mesh carriage is dimensioned in about 50% to 75% as much as the drill carriage. This leads to savings in terms of Space, but above all in terms of the design of the drives. Thus, separate mechanisms for drilling and anchoring can be provided, which are accomplished at different speeds, possibly also different types of drives. Apart from a smaller swivel angle for the device as such is due to the relatively small-sized feed units for the anchor set operation, an additional piece of roadway on the mount available, so that larger anchor lengths can be realized. The deeper borehole required for this purpose is additionally made possible by the telescopic version of the carriage carrier.

In this regard, it is also appropriate that the carriage of the Ankersetzlafette is smaller in size than the carriage of the drill carriage. As a result, additional space can be gained, which is then available when anchoring the anchor or can be used for a possible anchor magazine. Finally, the necessary forces for the anchor forces are much lower than during drilling, such as in connection with the additional impact mechanism, the case. Therefore, space can also be saved here. An effect that increases even more if a space-saving drive for the anchor setting device is selected.

This is accompanied by the proposal according to which the anchor network of the anchor mesh mount is dimensioned smaller than the turning and / or hammer mechanism of the drill mount. The more compact design of the anchor mesh carriage requires a small carriage for moving the anchor network as well as a smaller constructive anchor network as such.

While it is envisaged that the drill mount has a hydraulic cylinder as the drive, it is additionally contemplated that the anchor grid mount has as its own, separate drive a hydraulic cylinder with cable drive and / or a motor with chain drive. Hereby, depending on the need and the demands in terms of speed and power appropriate unit can be selected. The chain drive is characterized by comparatively low costs.

Since the entire carriage carrier has to be swiveled back and forth between the drilling and the anchor setting position, it makes sense for the drill carrier and the anchorage carrier to be equipped with separate guides for the drill pipe or armature so that no unnecessary time is lost during the conversion. A special pivoting hydraulics for the drill pipe guides for swinging the drill pipe can thus be omitted, since the drill pipe remains positioned during the anchor setting in the separate carriage. In addition, usually sufficient for the anchor set operation also, at the front end of the carriage to be positioned guide, while previously for the drilling operation, the provision of a steady rest, which may possibly ride at half speed is appropriate.

A further embodiment of the invention provides that the device is equipped with a removable, gripper-like guide device for the anchor rod, which is attached to the pivotable part of the Lafettenträgers / Lafette or the fixed mandrel according to application. If necessary (collapse of the drill hole when pulling out the drill rod) the injection anchor is used as a drill bit with lost drill bit, one of the two guides must be hydraulically opened and closed and as a so-called gripper device (holding drill / drill anchor rod) the drilled anchor rod at the end, outside the borehole, fix. In order for the drilled armature to remain fixed even when the injection forceps are swiveled in, the gripper device must preferably be fastened to the mandrel of the lower part of the carriage carrier. Gripper and mandrel are preferably provided for both applications with appropriate mounting options, so that a conversion, depending on the application, can be done in a few minutes.

In order to avoid having to extend the hydraulic supply of the gripper cylinder during the transfer of the gripper, it is advantageous to have the position of the gripper equal to the carriage end in both cases of use. Since the anchor must not look too far out of the borehole, the position on the gripper is now such that it may not be able to grip the anchor. For this purpose, the anchor rod would have to be retracted approx. 100 mm before being separated with the hammer drill. To avoid this, it makes sense to shorten the thorn. For this purpose, the length of the mandrel is adjustable, preferably, the mandrel is formed in two parts. The front, bolted-on mandrel part includes two different lengths, with the shorter to the working face as needed and the longer in the screwed-on part carrying the gripper, or vice versa. Also, a telescopically trained mandrel is conceivable in this context.

A further embodiment of the invention provides that the drill carriage and / or the anchor mesh carriage are composed of a U-shaped profile, e.g. -screwed. Thus, the mount builds comparatively compact and can be mounted variably in a kind of modular principle, connections are possible in a suitable manner.

This is for example in relation to the guides for the slides or the feed units. It is therefore proposed that a prism guide profile is welded or screwed to the drill carriage and / or the anchor mesh carriage. These prisms can be made of a wear-resistant. Made of metal and serve to guide the carriage or the feed units.

However, due to the high dynamic loads and abrasion wear caused by cuttings in this area, it is recommended that the prism guide profiles are equipped with permanently installed tread blocks and at least one profiled sheet fastened to this tread block. These profile sheets are classic wear parts with comparatively low weight, which after appropriate use and wear with comparatively little effort can be exchanged. The actual blocks, however, with appropriate weight no longer need to be replaced, which is associated with significant cost savings.

With regard to the fixation of these sheets on the profile blocks, it is provided that the profile sheets are angled sheets which can be fixed to the profile block in the region of their angling. For this purpose, the blocks corresponding recesses and the profile sheets webs, with which they can be fixed to the blocks - or vice versa.

The invention is characterized in particular by the fact that a device for setting rock anchors is made possible in which the drilling and anchor setting units can be used completely separately from each other without any special conversion effort and intermediate steps. This is associated with a considerable time and weight and space savings. When using an injection anchor or an anchor with integrated adhesive technology, a complete anchoring process in the danger zone can be completed without manual work, such as the insertion of the adhesive cartridge or the insertion of the anchor rods, would have to be made. The device can accomplish a complete drilling / anchoring cycle solely by operating the pivoting mechanism between the drilling and anchor setting positions. Drill and anchor mesh mount have separate drives that can be designed differently in terms of type and speed. Units that are necessary only with regard to one of the two drives, such as hoses, need only be assigned to this one unit, so that the device does not build too complicated. Hose guides as well as center rod guides (lunettes) can travel at half speed. Additional mechanisms, such as the telescopic design of the drilling and anchoring power supply, are equally conceivable. The swivel angle is advantageously small at about 45 °, so that there are no restrictions as a result of the conversion between the drilling and the anchor setting position.

Figur 1

ein Gerät in Bohrposition,

Figur 2

ein Gerät in verschwenkter Position,

Figur 3

ein Gerät in Seitenansicht, teilweise im Schnitt

Figur 4

ein Gerät in Rückansicht,

Figur 5

einen Schnitt durch ein Gerät in Bohrposition,

Figur 6

den Schnitt gemäß Figur 4 in verschwenkter Position,

Figur 7

die Detailansicht eines Schlittens,

Figur 8

einen Profilklotz mit demontiertem Profilblech,

Figur 9

das vordere Ende eines Gerätes mit montierter Führungsvorrichtung,

Figur 10

eine Führungsvorrichtung und

Figur 11

einen weiteren Schnitt durch das Gerät.

Further details and advantages of the subject invention will become apparent from the following description of the accompanying drawings in which a preferred embodiment with the necessary details and individual parts is shown. Show it:

FIG. 1

a device in drilling position,

FIG. 2

a device in a pivoted position,

FIG. 3

a device in side view, partly in section

FIG. 4

a device in rear view,

FIG. 5

a section through a device in drilling position,

FIG. 6

the cut according to FIG. 4 in a pivoted position,

FIG. 7

the detailed view of a sled,

FIG. 8

a profile block with dismantled profiled sheet,

FIG. 9

the front end of a device with mounted guide device,

FIG. 10

a guide device and

FIG. 11

another cut through the device.

FIG. 1 shows a device 1 for setting a rock anchor with the relevant for the invention units and components. This is initially the carriage carrier 2, which serves for receiving both the drill mount 3 and the anchor set mount 5. It can be clearly seen that the drill mount 3 is made significantly more massive than the anchor grid mount 5. Both are offset by 90 ° to each other, so that the drill mount 3 in the in FIG. 1 position shown in the drilling axis 14 is located, while the anchor mesh carriage 5 is positioned laterally on the drill carriage 3. The pivot mechanism 7 with the cylinder hidden here is in the retracted position. If the drilling carriage 4 of the drill mount 3 now moves in the direction of the front end 15 of the device 1 in the form of a turning and / or impact mechanism, correspondingly high forces can be applied, as are necessary for producing the boreholes. Serving to guide the drill pipe 55, the guide 12 at the front end 15 of the device 1 and the bezel 11 in his Center. The drill mount 3 is driven over the massive hydraulic cylinder 8, with the correspondingly high forces can be applied. The carriage carrier 2 according to the invention is designed to be telescopic, for which purpose a hydraulic cylinder (not shown here) is located on its underside. At the front end 15 of the device 1, the mandrel 21 can be seen. This is part of the pivoting mechanism 7, which in turn is positioned between the upper part 23 and the lower part 22 of the Lafettenträgers 2. The reference numeral 45 designates the connection to a base unit, for example a vehicle. The mandrel 21 is positioned so that displacements during pivoting of the carriage carrier 2 are excluded. The drilling position is approached with the carriage only after the mandrel 21 rests with appropriate pressure on the working face. Then, the upper part of the carriage carrier 2 can be pivoted about the axis 46.

In comparison, the Lafettenträger 2 is in a swung-out position in FIG. 2 shown. The hydraulic cylinder 17 is extended, so that the upper part 23 of the carriage carrier 2 has pivoted about the axis 46 and moved into the inclined position relative to the lower, fixed part 22 thanks to the pivoting mechanism 7, in which now the anchorage chain carriage 5 or the carriage 6 can come to anchor with anchor network 10. It says, as in FIG. 2 easily recognizable, due to the small-built anchor mesh mount 5 with the carriage 6 and the anchor network 10 additional space available. In other words, the path for moving the carriage 6 on the tether anchor carriage 5 to the front end 15 of the device 1 is substantially longer compared to the track used for the drill pipe and its feed. This is accompanied by the simplified requirement that fewer forces and moments must be applied when Ankersetzen so that the necessary components can build smaller accordingly. This also applies to the guide 13 at the front end of the Ankersetzlafette 5, wherein, moreover, for the Ankersetzen only this one guide 13 is necessary. By the reference numeral 18, the cylinder is designated on the underside 16 of the Lafettenträgers 2, which forms with the guide 19, the carriage position, at the Rear end 20 of the pivot mechanism 7 is positioned and over which the carriage carrier 2 is adjustable in the linear direction.

In side view shows FIG. 3 the device consisting of lower, fixed part 22 and upper, pivotally mounted part 23 with inserted drill pipe 55. Above all, the function of the carriage position with mandrel 21, hydraulic cylinder 18 and guide 19 is illustrated. At the rear end of the carriage carrier 2 there is a further hydraulic cylinder 56, responsible for the telescoping of the drill mount 3, to increase the drilling length, if necessary.

In FIG. 4 the relay carrier 2 is shown from front view. Above is the trained with U-shaped profile drill mount 3 with the rotary and / or hammer mechanism 9. In addition, the carriage 4 can be seen. The hydraulic cylinder 8 serves as a drive for moving the drill carriage 3 on the carriage carrier 2. The anchor bolt carriage 5 is flanged to the carriage carrier 2 laterally and at 90 °, which can advantageously have a different, less expensive and simpler drive in the form of a chain 24 , In this embodiment, the ratio of the width of Ankersetzlafette 5 to 3 Bohrlafette is about 70%. Correspondingly smaller also builds the carriage 6 and the anchor network 10 of the Ankersetzlafette 5, compared with the carriage 4 and the rotary and / or hammer mechanism 9 on the drill carriage 3. The drill mount 3 here has a U-shaped first profile 26 with mirrored arranged second profile 27. On the U-profiles 26, 27 prism profiles 32, 33, 34 and 35 are attached, which serve to guide the carriage 4 of cylinder and displacement. The profiles 32, 33, 34, 35 have blocks 28, 29, 30, 31. As regards the anchorage armature 5, the prism profiles attached thereto are provided with the reference numerals 36 and 37, the corresponding guide blocks with the reference numerals 38 and 39.

In a section from the rear view show the FIGS. 5 and 6 the device according to the invention in a variant to FIG. 4 , So shows FIG. 4 the device in the drilling position with the drill carriage 3 in the drilling axis 14. These can now be moved by means of the hydraulic cylinder 8 on the carriage carrier 2. In a position offset by 90 °, the armature carrier 5 is located laterally on the carrier 2. The carrier 2 is pivoted by extending the cylinder 17 or the pivoting mechanism 7 below the carrier 2 into the carrier FIG. 6 shown position about the pivot point 25, as indicated by the angle α.

In the illustration according to FIG. 6 the pivoting mechanism 7 and the hydraulic cylinder 17 is extended. The carriage carrier 2 has moved in an inclined position by about 50 °, as indicated by the angle β. Ankersetzlafette 5 with carriage 6 and anchor network 10 can now be used.

FIG. 7 shows a carriage 4 with the vertical webs 47, 48, where the guide blocks 28, 29 are fixed by means of various screws 49, 50, 51, 52. As such, but they are not exposed to wear, because on their inner sides 53, 54 V-shaped plates 40, 41 are attached. The latter can be easily replaced after appropriate wear.

This also illustrates FIG. 8 , In the region of the bend 44, the sheet 40 has a web 43 which is formed corresponding to an opening 42 in the guide block 28 and can be fixed via this.

FIG. 9 shows the front end 15 of a device 1 in the so-called One Step Ankersetzbetrieb with an attached to the receptacle 61 guide device 59 with the variable in length mandrel 21, 60. About the gripper 57, the anchor rod 62 can be held, even if this only one Piece should look out of the hole.

Only the removable guide device 59 provides FIG. 10 The drilled anchor should remain fixed even when pivoting the injection forceps, which is why the guide device 59 on the mandrel of the lower part 22nd of the carriage carrier 2 is attached. The position of the gripper 57 to the end 15 of the carriage is the same in both cases. The mandrel 21, 60 consists of two mandrel parts 63 and 64 of different lengths, for fixing the plate 65th

Finally shows FIG. 11 the relay carrier 2 in a further section, in which the emphasis is on the representation of the guide device 59. This is mounted rotated by 90 °. For this purpose, a recording including mandrel is screwed to the position of the actual mandrel or attached in a comparable manner.

Claims (18)

1. Device (1) for setting a rock bolt, comprising a drilling carriage (3) arranged on a carriage support (2),
   characterised in that
   the carriage support (2) has a separately driven bolt setting carriage (5) which is smaller in size than the drilling carriage (3) and is offset by approximately 90°.
2. Device according to claim 1,
   characterised in that
   the device (1) is equipped with a pivoting mechanism (7), by means of which the carriage support (2) can be moved between a drilling position and a bolt setting position.
3. Device according to claim 1,
   characterised in that
   the pivoting mechanism (7) is provided between an upper part (23) and a lower part (22) of the carriage support (2).
4. Device according to claim 3,
   characterised in that
   a mandrel (21) is arranged at the front end (15) of the lower part (22) of the carriage support (2).
5. Device according to claim 3,
   characterised in that
   the lower part (22) of the carriage support (2) is equipped with a carriage adjuster (18).
6. Device according to claim 3,
   characterised in that
   the upper part (23) of the carriage support (2) is telescopic.
7. Device according to claim 1,
   characterised in that
   the bolt setting carriage (5) is approximately 50% to 75% of the size of the drilling carriage (3).
8. Device according to claim 1,
   characterised in that
   the slide (6) of the bolt setting carriage (5) is smaller than the slide (4) of the drilling carriage (3).
9. Device according to claim 1,
   characterised in that
   the bolt setting unit (10) of the bolt setting carriage (5) is smaller than the rotary and/or percussion unit (9) of the drilling carriage (3).
10. Device according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the drilling carriage (3) has as the drive a hydraulic cylinder (8) with a cable drive.
11. Device according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the bolt setting carriage (5) has as the drive a hydraulic cylinder with a cable drive and/or a motor with a chain drive.
12. Device according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the drilling carriage (3) and the bolt setting carriage (5) are equipped with separate guides (11, 12 and respectively 13) for the drill rod and respectively the bolt.
13. Device according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the device (1) is equipped with a removable guide apparatus (59) for the bolt rod (62).
14. Device according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the length of the mandrel (21, 60) is adjustable.
15. Device according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the drilling carriage (3) and/or the bolt setting carriage (5) have a U-shaped profile.
16. Device according to claim 15,
    characterised in that
    a prismatic guide profile (32-35) is welded or screwed onto the drilling carriage (3) and/or the bolt setting carriage (5).
17. Device according to claim 16,
    characterised in that
    the guide profiles (32-35) are equipped with fixedly installed profile blocks (28-31) and at least one profile plate (40, 41) which is releasably attached to this profile block (28-31).
18. Device according to claim 17,
    characterised in that
    the profile plates (40, 41) are angled plates which can be fixed to the profile block (28-31) in the region of their angled portion (44).

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