EP0433963B1 - Machine for enlarging a tunnel, a pilot hole or the like - Google Patents

Abstract

In the case of a machine for enlarging a tunnel or the like, which has two parts, an inner part and an outer part, which can be displaced in relation to each other by means of an advancing device, a bracing device and a drill bit (13), the drill bit (13) is arranged on the outer part (12). The bracing device (14) is directly on the inner part (11). In the region behind the drill bit (13), at least one implement (52 or 53) can be provided on the inner part (11) or a part (18) assigned to the latter. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a machine for expanding a tunnel, pilot hole or the like. to a larger cross section according to the preamble of claim 1.

Such machines are briefly referred to as expansion machines. They are used when the diameter of an existing gallery or pilot hole is to be enlarged. If there is a requirement from the outset to produce a tunnel with a relatively large cross-section, work is often carried out in several stages. First of all, a so-called full-cut tunnel boring machine is used to drill a pilot hole, which is then enlarged to the final diameter using an expansion machine.

In the case of a known expansion machine (DE-B-1 534 656), which is provided as an additional device for a jacking device, the drilling head is arranged in the region of the rear end of a work unit, in front of which there is an annular base body. This has clamping jaws for fixing in the tunnel part already drilled out by a previous machine. The base body and the work unit are separate parts that are connected to one another only by hydraulic cylinders for generating the feed movement.

In another known version of an expansion machine (WIRTH special print from "Construction Machine and Construction Technology" No. 6/1982, Eistert, Voerckel, Weber, "Mechanical Drilling of Horizontal Tunnel Lines of Larger Diameter with Tunnel Boring Machines") is an inner part, also referred to as an inner kelly, in one outer part clamped against the mountains, also called outer cell guided. The tensioning device is located on the outer cell located in the pilot hole when working. The extension drill head is rotatably mounted on the inner kelly. The inner cylinder with the drill head receives its forward movement through feed cylinders that are supported on the outer cell. A support device with a guide for the displaceable inner kelly is provided behind the drill head. This support device can thus be regarded as a further, separate part of the outer cell, which in this sense is to be understood as two parts.

There must therefore be two guide arrangements for the inner kelly, namely one in the actual outer kelly carrying the tensioning device and located in the pilot hole and the second in the rear supporting device. The presence of two guides requires a corresponding effort and can also restrict the size of the drilling stroke.

Because the inner kelly is slidably guided in the outer kelly, the outer kelly itself necessarily has relatively large outer dimensions. In addition, there is the radial space requirement of the tensioning device located on the outer cell. The use of such a machine thus requires a pilot tunnel of a certain size, although the space between the wall of the pilot tunnel and the radially most protruding parts of the machine, even when the tensioning device is retracted, is restricted in this area.

Expansion machines of the type under consideration have also proven themselves in difficult applications. However, the points of view mentioned above show that there are still some wishes.

Accordingly, it is the object of the invention to remedy existing shortcomings and to create an expansion machine which is characterized by particularly favorable training and thereby achievable advantages with regard to its use and the possibilities for work distinguished. This applies to the overall design of the machine and also to the design in detail. Further problems connected with all of this, with which the invention is concerned, result from the respective explanation of the indicated solution.

In the case of a machine of the type mentioned at the outset, the invention provides that the drill head is arranged on the outer part and the bracing device is arranged directly on the inner part, and the support device for the inner part is connected to the latter in a non-displaceable manner.

Such a machine has a simplified guide system because, apart from the guide provided for the inner part for the inner part, no additional separate guide for the inner part is required. This reduces the effort and the number of wear components. This also opens up the possibility of making the entire machine or parts of it shorter, or of extending the drilling stroke.

The bracing device, which is located in the pilot hole when the machine is working, can be kept smaller in diameter direction due to its arrangement on the inner part than in known machines, or the stroke of the extendable shields, bracing claws or similar bracing elements can be larger than before. In other words, favorable stroke conditions can be achieved with a given diameter of the pilot hole. This also provides a better way to secure the pilot gallery if necessary. Another important advantage is that a larger free space in the pilot gallery allows longer control paths when aligning the machine.

The tensioning device can be arranged in the front area of the inner part at a location that best meets the respective requirements. In particular, the bracing device provided at the front end of the inner part. This is also favorable with regard to the length dimensions of the machine.

The location at which the supporting device connected to the inner part is arranged on the inner part can be selected with regard to the other requirements, in particular also taking into account the design and arrangement of a follower of the machine. In many cases it is favorable to provide the support at the rear end of the inner part.

The support device normally has several supports that can be pushed in and out. These can lay with their ends or feet directly on the mountains or against built-in fittings, such as sole stones, linings or the like. The supports can be arranged in such a way that a space remains in the lower area of the tunnel cross-section, which can be used for certain work purposes or for accommodating further operating equipment. In particular, it can be a spreading arrangement of two or more supports.

A special embodiment is that a mobile support device is provided in the area behind the drill head for the inner part. This can make it easier to move the inner part to a new position. A chassis of the support device can also be equipped with its own drive. According to a further feature, the design can also be made such that a running gear is provided on a follower of the expansion machine, and this follower can be coupled to the expansion machine in such a way that it transfers its movement to the latter.

The feed device, which in particular has a number of pressure-medium-operated cylinder-piston units, can be provided per se between the outer part and an engagement point on the inner part or on a part connected to it, in particular the tensioning device. The feed device is advantageously arranged in an area substantially behind the drill head, an abutment for the feed device being provided on the inner part, which extends over the outer part to the rear.

In a very practical embodiment, the abutment is formed by part of the support device.

The length of the inner part can be chosen so that there is only a distance between the outer part or a unit attached to the front end of the same and the tensioning device, which essentially corresponds to a feed stroke. This is an inexpensive version in which the overall length of the machine can be kept small.

In another advantageous embodiment of the machine, a distance is provided for the displacement of the outer part on the inner part that is greater than a stroke of the feed device. This distance is advantageously so large that it includes an even multiple of a feed stroke.

With such a design of the machine, the inner part can remain in its once set and tensioned position, while two or more working strokes can be carried out for the outer part, depending on the existing guide length. This can reduce idle times.

In such an embodiment, an abutment that is adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the inner part is expediently provided for the feed device. The training can be made such that the abutment can be fixed at any point along the inner part, in particular clamped. Another embodiment consists in that the abutment can be fixed on the inner part in predetermined positions spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction of the inner part, in particular by means of a positive locking device. The predetermined positions are expediently at a distance from one another which corresponds approximately to a stroke of the feed device. After drilling a stroke, the abutment is released and the like by retracting the feed cylinder. brought into a new position, in which it is locked again.

Regardless of the other design, the machine is expediently equipped with devices that support it during relocation. A front support device is advantageously provided in the region of the front end of the outer part. This is primarily designed so that it can also be used to set the direction of the machine. In particular, the front support device has a support that can be adjusted by means of a parallelogram-type transmission. This can be designed as is known per se from DE-PS 12 85 494, or have a correspondingly corresponding design.

According to a special feature, a support device with at least one support which can be transferred from a rest position into a working position and vice versa, in particular in the form of a support, is provided on the drilling head of the machine. Among other things, this offers good control and setting options for the machine, because this results in a pivot point close to the caliber edge.

Such a support can also absorb an axial thrust in the vertical direction at the same time as the support function.

In a special embodiment, the inner part has a passage as a weather guide, so that it is advantageously possible to remove dust that arises when working behind the drill head, e.g. when pouring shotcrete, directly through the inner part to the front in the pilot gallery. At the end of the pilot tunnel, there may be a strong suction device. A fan can be provided at the front end of the inner part in order to support this or to generate a strong air flow at all. Instead or in addition to this, the passage path of the inner part or one end of the same can be equipped with a device for changing the passage cross section. Both by such a device and by a fan or the like. the weather guidance can be further improved or regulated. In the case of a drill head with open areas that permit air passage, as is particularly possible, this also applies to the ratio of the air flow that passes through the inner part to the air that blows past.

On the inner part or a part assigned to it or connected to it, at least one implement can advantageously be provided, with which work can be carried out in the expanded tunnel or on its wall even directly behind the drill head, e.g. to secure the extended profile. An anchor hole drilling device or the like comes in particular as a working device. into consideration.

Fig. 1

eine Ausführung der Erweiterungsmaschine, teils in Ansicht, teils im Schnitt, in Ausgangsposition für einen Arbeitshub,

Fig. 2

die Maschine nach Fig. 1 am Ende eines Arbeitshubes,

Fig. 3

die Maschine nach Fig. 1 und 2 zu Beginn eines Umsetzvorganges,

Fig. 4

eine Ausführung einer vorderen Abstützvorrichtung in Stirnansicht mit Schnitt durch den Innenteil nach der Linie IV-IV in Fig. 1,

Fig. 5

eine Ausbildung des Außenteiles in einem teilweise schematischen Längsschnitt,

Fig. 6

eine weitere Ausführung der Maschine nach den Figuren 1 bis 3,

Fig. 7

eine Ausführung der Verspannvorrichtung in einem Querschnitt zwischen zwei Verspannebenen, etwa an einer der Linie VII-VII in Fig. 1 bzw. in Fig. 6 entsprechenden Stelle,

Fig. 8

eine Ausführung einer Abstützvorrichtung für den Innenteil in Ansicht,

Fig. 9

eine abgewandelte Ausführung der Erweiterungsmaschine, teils in Ansicht, teils im Schnitt, in einer Position zu Beginn eines ersten Arbeitshubes,

Fig. 10

die Maschine nach Fig. 9 am Ende eines zweiten Arbeitshubes,

Fig. 11

die Maschine nach den Figuren 9 und 10 am Ende eines dritten Arbeitshubes und

Fig. 12

die Maschine nach den Figuren 9 bis 11 zu Beginn eines Umsetzvorganges.

Further details, features and advantages of the invention result from the following explanation of exemplary embodiments, from the associated drawing and from the claims. Show it:

Fig. 1

a version of the expansion machine, partly in view, partly in section, in the starting position for a working stroke,

Fig. 2

1 at the end of a working stroke,

Fig. 3

1 and 2 at the beginning of a transfer process,

Fig. 4

an embodiment of a front support device in a front view with a section through the inner part along the line IV-IV in Fig. 1,

Fig. 5

a design of the outer part in a partially schematic longitudinal section,

Fig. 6

a further embodiment of the machine according to Figures 1 to 3,

Fig. 7

an embodiment of the bracing device in a cross section between two bracing levels, for example at a point corresponding to the line VII-VII in FIG. 1 or in FIG. 6,

Fig. 8

an embodiment of a support device for the inner part in view,

Fig. 9

a modified version of the expansion machine, partly in view, partly in section, in a position at the beginning of a first working stroke,

Fig. 10

9 at the end of a second working stroke,

Fig. 11

the machine of Figures 9 and 10 at the end of a third stroke and

Fig. 12

the machine according to Figures 9 to 11 at the beginning of a transfer process.

The expansion machine shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 has the following main components: an inner part 11, an outer part 12 with a drill head 13, a bracing device 14, a feed device 15, a support device 17 for the inner part 11 and further supports to be explained.

The feed device 15 has e.g. four hydraulic cylinder-piston units 16 (hereinafter referred to simply as a feed cylinder), which extend between an abutment 18 and the outer part 12 and the like with these parts in the usual way by pin joints or the like. are connected. The hydraulic supply and the actuation or control of the feed cylinder 16 can take place with known devices, which are not shown.

The outer part 12 has guide pieces 22 which slide on guide strips 21 on the inner part 11 during the relative movement of the outer part 12 and inner part 11 caused by the feed cylinders 16. As can be seen in FIG. 4, the inner part 11 in this embodiment is designed as a box-like welded construction with an approximately square cross section. The inner part can also have a different polygonal cross section or be cylindrical.

The drilling head 13, for example equipped with roller drilling tools 19, is rotatably mounted on the outer part 12 in bearings (not shown) and can be driven by electric or hydraulic motors 23. The associated Gear elements and the drill head bearing are accommodated in a correspondingly rigid housing body 20 belonging to the outer part 12.

The abutment 18 for the feed cylinder 16 is fixedly connected to the inner part 11 at the rear end thereof in the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 3. It is also assembled with the support device 17. The latter has one or more, in particular hydraulically extendable and retractable supports 24. In Figures 1 to 3 and also in Fig. 6, only one such support 24 is shown, which is directed vertically. FIG. 8 shows a support device 27 in which two supports 28 with pressure plates 29 which can be extended and retracted by hydraulic cylinders 26 are provided in a spreading arrangement. The supports 28 are thus at a more or less large angle with respect to the vertical, so that there is unimpeded access to the space below the inner part 11 and thereby, among other things. also the installation of sole stones or the like. or working with additional or auxiliary equipment is easily possible. In Fig. 8, the number 30 rails of a monorail are designated. Above the inner part 11, a transport device 25, for example a conveyor belt, can be provided for the removal of the material detached from the drill head 13.

The clamping device 14 is attached to the front end of the inner part 11 and, in the embodiment shown, has three groups of clamping units 31 which are provided at an axial distance from one another and whose clamping claws 32 can be pressed against the stud wall. The training in detail is advantageous, as shown in Figure 7 on a larger scale. The base body 33 of the clamping device 14 connected to the inner part 11 has an inner cavity 36 and carries four in each group Tensioning units 31, each with a tensioning claw 32 and two hydraulic piston-cylinder units 34 for pressing or retracting the tensioning claws 32. Each of the latter has a shoulder 35 which is square or rectangular in cross section and which can slide in a corresponding guide of the base body 33.

FIGS. 1 to 3, like in some other figures, show clamping units directed vertically upwards and downwards. This shows the respective situation particularly clearly. The embodiment can also be made differently, for example according to FIG. 7, the clamping units 31 each being at an angle to the vertical or horizontal. This angle can be 45 ° or, in particular in the case of the upper clamping units, can be even larger, primarily about 55 °.

In addition to the support device 17 located at the rear end of the inner part 11, the expansion machine has further supports which are used in particular when moving the machine and aligning it. For example, in the embodiment shown there is a front support device 40, the frame 41 of which is connected to the front end of the outer part 12. Bearing blocks 42 fastened to the frame 41 serve for the articulated connection with two supports 43 in the form of cylinder-piston units. Their piston rods 44 are articulated on a support crossbar 46 provided with support pieces 45. As a result, a four-link chain is formed, in which the support cross-piece 46 serves as a web and the frame 41 serves as a coupling, while the supports 43 represent length-adjustable cranks of the four-link chain.

There is also a variable-length slide drive in the form of a further cylinder-piston unit 47, which is articulated on a shoulder 48 of the frame 41, while its piston rod 49 is articulated at the end on the support crossmember 46.

The connections of the cylinder-piston units 43 and 47 to the associated parts can be, for example, journal bearings. Depending on the circumstances, it may also be expedient to equip one or more of the articulated connections with further degrees of freedom. In particular, the connection of the unit 47 to the frame 41 can be made movable on all sides. If necessary, the movement of the individual parts to each other can e.g. by brackets or the like attached to the frame, surrounding the units. be limited.

The support device 40 described enables, in addition to the machine being set down, the machine to be aligned in a very expedient manner. Thus, the same can be adjusted by appropriate actuation of the supports 43 and the sliding drive 47 both in height and to the side, as is necessary when correcting the direction of advance or curves or inclinations of the route to be driven. There is also the possibility of returning the machine to the correct position from a rotated or offset position.

As can be seen from FIGS. 1 to 3, a support device 50 with at least one support 51 is provided on the drill head 13, which support device 50 in particular by means of a hydraulic cylinder-piston unit from a retracted rest position (FIGS. 1 and 2) into an extended working position (FIG 3) and vice versa.

The number 37 denotes a jacket mounted in front of the drill head 13 on the outer part 12 as protection.

In the position shown in FIG. 1, the expansion machine is at the start of a working stroke. With the letter P is the already existing, e.g. pilot tunnels previously driven with a tunnel boring machine and the letter E the extended tunnels. The expansion machine is firmly clamped with its inner part 11 by the clamping device 14 in the pilot gallery P. At its rear end, the inner part 11 is held in the already expanded tunnel E by the extended support 24 of the support device 17 or - in the embodiment according to FIG. 8 - by the extended supports 28 of the support device 27. The feed cylinders 16 are retracted.

By switching on the drive motors 23 for the drill head 13, the latter is set in rotation. The feed cylinders 16 bring about the axial movement of the outer part 12 with the drill head 13 rotating thereon relative to the inner part 11 on the guides 21 thereof.

Figure 2 shows the position of the outer part 12 with the drill head 13 at the end of a complete working stroke H. The inner part 11 has retained its position unchanged.

FIG. 3 shows the situation during the subsequent transfer process. The supports 43 of the front support device 40 which have been retracted during the working stroke are now extended and support the outer part 12 at its front end. In addition, the support 51 has been extended on the drill head 13 which has been stopped in the corresponding position, so that the outer part 12 is also supported at this point. The tensioning units 31 of the tensioning device 14 and the support 24 or supports 28 (FIG. 8) are then withdrawn been. This is the state according to FIG. 2. Now the feed cylinders 16 can be retracted. As a result, the inner part 11 is advanced in the now fixed outer part 12 (to the left in FIG. 3) until the feed cylinders have completed their insertion stroke. It is then possible to correct the direction of the machine if necessary or to set it up again as required. This is possible in a particularly favorable manner if the front support device 40 is designed as explained in connection with FIG. 4. In addition, the support by means 50 in the area of the drill head is particularly advantageous for setting or controlling the machine, because this support 51 can form a fulcrum that is close to the so-called caliber edge, ie at the transition from the through the drill head machined ring area to the tunnel wall (line joint), lies.

The clamping units 31 of the clamping device 14 are now extended again and the clamping claws 32 are thereby pressed against the wall of the pilot gallery P at high pressure. In addition, the inner part 11 is supported at its rear end by extending the support 24 or supports 28 (FIG. 8). The supports 43 of the front support device 40 and the support 51 on the drill head can then be withdrawn. A state corresponding to FIG. 1 is then reached, which forms the starting position for a new working stroke.

It should be noted that the device 17 or 27 is a pure support, which holds the machine at this point while taking up the corresponding proportion by weight, similar to how a workpiece can be supported by a steady rest during its machining on a machine tool. There is only one tensioning device, namely device 14.

In the expedient embodiment shown, the drill head 13 is designed in a manner known per se so that it has an air passage from its rear to its front, i.e. from the extension gallery E to the pilot gallery P. This can be described as an open design, in which there are free areas between the tool-carrying parts or arms of the drill head.

Regardless of the other training, an advantageous embodiment of the expansion machine is that the inner part 11 has a passage path from the rear to the front end, which can be used as a weather guide. A suitable design for this is shown in FIG. 6. The inner part 11 and the tensioning device 14 and possibly a part attached to its rear end are hollow over the entire length (cf. also FIG. 7), so that air can enter the passage 54 of the inner part 11 from the enlarged gallery E, as indicated by arrows F1. This air can take away and remove dust particles or other impurities that occur when performing work in the area behind the drill head or behind the machine, e.g. when pouring shotcrete. This air exits at the front end of the inner part 11 or the tensioning device 14 and takes its way into the pilot gallery, as indicated by the arrows F2.

6 also shows a fan 55, which may be adjustable in its output and is suspended on an arm 56, which can be provided directly at the end of the air duct or, as shown, at some distance from the end of the tensioning device 14 and to achieve each desired flow conditions. It is also possible to influence the air flow through to provide the inner part 11 instead of a fan or in addition to this, elements which change the passage cross section, such as a flap arrangement or the like, as indicated at 57. If there is an encapsulated transition area between the end of the tensioning device 14 and the fan 55, at least one slide 58 or similar element for closing and releasing an air inlet can be present in this area in the wall thereof.

Arrows F3 denote that air flow which extends from the enlarged tunnel E through the drill head 13, around the outer part 12 and around the tensioning device 14 to the pilot tunnel P. This air flow can remove the dust which arises when the drilling head 13 is working, towards the pilot gallery P. The proportion of this outside air flow in the total air flow can be changed by the cross-sectional regulating means mentioned for the inside air flow or by setting the output of a fan. The weather guidance can thus be designed in a particularly favorable manner and adapted to the particular circumstances.

On the inner part or a part assigned to it or connected to it, devices can be provided in the area behind the drill head, with which work can be carried out in this area, in particular the drilling of anchor holes and the introduction of an extension. In Fig. 1, the number 52 indicates a sheet setting device, that is, a device for inserting sheets for removing the tunnel. This device is fixed on the inner part 11 or arranged in the longitudinal direction of the same or displaceable. FIG. 1 also illustrates a drilling device 53 of known type for drilling anchor or injection holes. This drill 53 is in the embodiment shown on the the abutment 18 connected to the inner part 11. It can also be located directly on the inner part. At 53a, the front portion of the drill 52 is shown in another of numerous possible working positions. Such a device can also work during the rotation of the drill head 13 because the inner part 11 carrying it is at rest. If the drill head is of an open type, as explained above, a drill or other working device located on the inner part 11 can also be used between the arms of the drill head 13 when the drill head 13 is stationary, for example for injection bores in the face. Of course, several tools of the same type can also be provided on the inner part or an element connected to it.

A further advantageous embodiment of the expansion machine is shown in FIGS. 9 to 12. The same or corresponding parts are given the same reference numerals as in the other figures.

The machine according to FIGS. 9 to 12 is characterized in that there is now a distance for the displacement of the outer part on the inner part which is greater than a stroke of the feed device, so that the machine is moved, that is to say the inner part is moved into a new starting position is only necessary after several individual strokes of the drill head.

Completely or essentially in accordance with the embodiment explained above are: the outer part 12 with the drill head 13 rotatably mounted thereon and driven by motors 23, the feed device 15 with the feed cylinders 16, the tensioning device 14 (in particular according to FIG. 8), the rear one Support device 27 (FIG. 8) for the inner part, the front support device 40 (in particular according to FIG. 4), and the support device 50 on the drill head 13. The explanations given apply analogously and correspondingly also to the embodiment according to FIGS. 9 to 12.

The inner part 61 has such a length in this embodiment that a distance S is available for the displacement of the outer part 12 on the inner part 61, which is greater than a stroke of the feed cylinder 16, in this case three times this single stroke. The length of the guide strips 21 on the inner part 61 is also corresponding.

An abutment 68 which is adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the inner part 61 is provided for the feed cylinder 16. This is adapted to the spatial arrangement of the feed cylinders, i.e. it extends over those areas where the ends of feed cylinders are located. The abutment can be of block-like construction, it can consist of several parts which can be coupled together, and it can in particular be a frame-shaped body surrounding the inner part 61. This is the case with the reproduced version of the abutment 68. There are four feed cylinders 16, the articulation points of which lie at the corner points of an imaginary square. The abutment is expediently designed as a slide which is displaceable on the guide strips 21 of the inner part 61.

In the embodiment shown, the abutment 68 on the inner part 61 can be fixed in three different positions W1, W2 and W3, which have a distance H from one another in the longitudinal direction of the inner part 61, which corresponds approximately to a stroke of the feed cylinders 16. The abutment 68 is fixed in these positions by means of positive locking means. These can come in different Be trained. FIGS. 9 to 12 show an embodiment in which the inner part 61 has openings or bores 69 at the fixing positions for the abutment, with each of which a bore or opening can be brought into alignment at the corresponding position of the abutment 68. The fixing or locking then takes place by means of locking bolts 70, of which only the heads lying on the outside of the abutment can be seen in the drawing. In the embodiment shown, such a locking bolt 70 is also present on the top and bottom and on the opposite side of the inner part 61, which is not visible. The bolts can be secured in their position by suitable parts, not shown.

A chassis 72, which is equipped with a switchable or controllable drive motor 73, is connected to the rear end of the inner part 61 via supports 71. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the undercarriage 72 has wheels 74 which run on rails 75. These are mounted on sole blocks 76. The machine advantageously allows the installation of such block stones or the introduction of other elements or linings directly behind the drill head 13. This is illustrated in FIG. 9. The carriage 78 of a monorail that can be moved on rails 77 can be seen there, which brings up a block block 76a to be installed Has. The front section of the rails 77 can be mounted directly below the inner part 61, somewhat similar to the case with the rails 30 shown in FIG. 8, or they can also be provided at a distance below the inner part. In the area adjoining to the rear in the extended section E, the rails 77 can initially be carried by a follower 80. They are mounted even further back in the usual way. Supply and operating devices for the expansion machine can be located in the follower 80 accommodate. He can connect directly to the inner part 61. The number 81 denotes a releasable coupling for the connection between the inner part and the follower.

In FIG. 9, similar to FIG. 1, the starting position of the machine at the beginning of a working stroke is shown. The abutment 68 is in the position W1. After completion of the stroke, the locking bolts 70 for the abutment 68 are released, and this is made up by retracting the feed cylinder 16 until it is in the position W2, in which it is locked again. Then another working stroke can take place immediately. The end of the same is shown in Fig. 10. As before, the feed cylinders are now retracted, whereby the abutment 68 is brought into position W3 after releasing its locking, whereupon the third working stroke is carried out. The state according to FIG. 11 then results. Now it is necessary for the first time to bring the inner part 61 into a new position.

For this purpose, similarly as explained above in connection with FIG. 3 in the embodiment shown there, the outer part 12 is set down with the aid of the support device 40, 43 and the drill head support 51, and the tensioning device 14 is released and the supports of the support device 27 retracted. This state is shown in FIG. 12. After the locking of the abutment 68 is then released, the inner part 61 can be pushed forward in the outer part 12 remaining in its place, expediently by means of the chassis 72 or also by means of other drive means, if necessary even using the Feed cylinder 16 until a new starting position results, in which the abutment 68 is locked again in the position W1. The inner part 61 is then tensioned again, if necessary after an alignment process and supported while said supports of the outer part are withdrawn. A state is thus reached again, as shown in FIG. 9, from which a new first working stroke can be started.

Even in the embodiment according to FIGS. 9 to 12, one or more working devices (anchor hole drilling devices, devices for introducing an extension, etc.) can be stationary or movable or in the area behind the borehole 13 on the inner part 61 or a part assigned to or connected to it be provided adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the inner part 61.

All the features mentioned in the above description or shown in the drawing, if the known prior art permits, should be regarded as falling within the scope of the invention, either alone or in combinations.

Claims (25)

1. A machine for enlarging a gallery, pilot hole or the like to have a larger cross-section, in particular an enlargement tunnel boring machine, having an inner part (11, 61) and an outer part (12) of which one is displaceably guided in the other and which are displaceable in relation to one another by means of a feed device (15), having a bracing device (14) for engagement in the gallery to be enlarged, having a rotatably mounted, driveable enlargement boring head (13) and having a support device (17, 27) for the inner part (11, 61) comprising at least one stay or the like which can be extended and retracted, characterised in that the boring head (13) is arranged on the outer part (12) and the bracing device (14) is arranged directly on the inner part (11, 61), and the support device (17, 27) for the inner part (11, 61) is immovably connected to the latter.
2. A machine in accordance with Claim 1, characterised in that the bracing device (14) is provided on the front end of the inner part (11, 61).
3. A machine in accordance with Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the support device (17, 27) is provided on the rear end of the inner part (11, 61).
4. A machine in accordance with Claim 3, characterised in that the support device (27) has stays (28) or the like in a splayed arrangement.
5. A machine in accordance with any of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that a movable support device (71, 72) is provided on the inner part (11, 61) or on a trailer (80) or the like which can be coupled to the inner part (11, 61).
6. A machine in accordance with Claim 5, characterised in that the support device (71) has a driveable travelling mechanism (72).
7. A machine in accordance with any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the feed device (15) is arranged in a region lying substantially behind the boring head (13).
8. A machine in accordance with Claim 7, characterised in that an abutment (18, 68) for the feed device (15) is provided on the inner part (11, 61).
9. A machine in accordance with either of Claims 7 and 8, characterised in that an abutment (18) for the feed device (15) is provided on a support device (17) or is formed by a part of the latter.
10. A machine in accordance with any one of Claims 1 to 9, characterised in that a distance is provided for the displacement of the outer part (12) on the inner part (11) which substantially corresponds to only one stroke length (L) of the feed device (15, 16).
11. A machine in accordance with any one of Claims 1 to 9, characterised in that a distance is provided for the displacement of the outer part (12) on the inner part (11, 61) which is greater than one stroke length (L) of the feed device (15, 16).
12. A machine in accordance with any one of Claims 1 to 11, characterised in that an abutment (68) adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the inner part (61) is provided for the feed device (15, 16).
13. A machine in accordance with Claim 12, characterised in that the abutment (68) can be positioned on the inner part (61) in a stepless manner.
14. A machine in accordance with Claim 12, characterised in that the abutment (68) can be secured on the inner part (61) in predetermined positions (W1, W2, W3) which are at a distance from one another in the longitudinal direction of the inner part (61).
15. A machine in accordance with Claim 14, characterised in that the predetermined positions (W1, W2, W3) are at a distance from one another which approximately corresponds to one stroke length (L) of the feed device (15, 16).
16. A machine in accordance with any one of Claims 1 to 15, characterised in that a front support device (40) is provided in the region of the front end of the outer part (12).
17. A machine in accordance with Claim 16, characterised in that the front support device (40) has a support adjustable by means of a parallelogram-like linkage.
18. A machine in accordance with any one of Claims 1 to 17, characterised in that on the boring head (13) there is provided a support device (50) having at least one support (51) which can be moved from a rest position to a work position and vice versa.
19. A machine in accordance with any one of Claims 1 to 18, characterised in that the inner part (11) has a throughway as an air guiding means.
20. A machine in accordance with Claim 19, characterised in that a fan (55) or the like for the air guiding means is provided at the front end of the inner part (11).
21. A machine in accordance with either of Claims 19 and 20, characterised in that in the throughway of the inner part (11) or at one end thereof there is provided a device (57) for altering the passage cross-section.
22. A machine in accordance with any one of Claims 1 to 21, characterised in that on the inner part (11, 61) or a part (18, 27) associated therewith there is provided at least one implement (52 and 53 respectively) in the region behind the boring head (13).
23. A machine in accordance with Claim 22, characterised by at least anchor drilling means (53) as an implement.
24. A machine in accordance with Claim 22, characterised by at least one device (52) for the setting of walling.
25. A machine in accordance with any one of Claims 1 to 24, characterised in that a casing (37) is provided on the outer part (12), in front of the boring head (13).

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