EP0467476B1 - Sound absorbing wall - Google Patents

Sound absorbing wall Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0467476B1
EP0467476B1 EP91201879A EP91201879A EP0467476B1 EP 0467476 B1 EP0467476 B1 EP 0467476B1 EP 91201879 A EP91201879 A EP 91201879A EP 91201879 A EP91201879 A EP 91201879A EP 0467476 B1 EP0467476 B1 EP 0467476B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sound
wall
sound absorbing
open
panels
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91201879A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0467476A1 (en
Inventor
Wouterus Gerrit Van Der Garde
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NIJMEEGSE BETONINDUSTRIE DE HAMER BV
Original Assignee
NIJMEEGSE BETONINDUSTRIE DE HAMER BV
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0467476A1 publication Critical patent/EP0467476A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0467476B1 publication Critical patent/EP0467476B1/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F8/00—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic
    • E01F8/0005—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic used in a wall type arrangement
    • E01F8/0047—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic used in a wall type arrangement with open cavities, e.g. for covering sunken roads
    • E01F8/0076—Cellular, e.g. as wall facing
    • E01F8/0082—Cellular, e.g. as wall facing with damping material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sound absorbing wall as described in the preamble of claim 1.
  • a sound absorbing wall is known from BE-A-899081.
  • the known sound absorbing walls are generally capable of absorbing high tones such as 1000-2000 Hz from the sound spectrum but they do not adequately absorb the low tones of the sound band 125-500 Hz which emanate from tyre noise and engine noise from heavy goods vehicle traffic.
  • the invention provides an improved sound absorbing wall which is moreover structurally robust and easy to build for a long useful live.
  • the wall according to the invention is as designated in claim 1.
  • traffic noise that consists of sound with low frequencies, mainly caused by trucks, and sound with high frequencies, caused mainly by light vehicles, is combatted by absorbing it using a structural sound absorbing screen based on the combination of the absorption characteristic op open-cell or porous material and the absorption characteristic of a plurality of Helmholz resonators with a volume adapted to the low frequencies of the occuring traffic noise, wherein the latter absorption characteristic is substantially joined to the former.
  • the wall according to the invention is particularly effictive per m2 of screen surface area because the sound absorbing means of the first and the second characteristic are stacked on one another in the sound direction.
  • the sound with high frequencies is absorbed in the free outer surface which preferably has a relief configuration with a large surface area, while arranged therebehind are the Helmholz resonance chambers, each of which has an inlet, formed and dimensioned in accordance with the theory of Helmholz and facing the sound source, in the form of a preferably slit-like, rather narrow opening or optionally a plurality of openings together forming an inlet.
  • a body of air Situated in the intake of the Helmholz resonators used according to the invention is a body of air, making these air body resonators. Located behind the Helmholz resonance chambers is another constructional wall with sufficient mass to prevent sound passing through the screen.
  • DE-A-3827144 proposes a wall wherein a layer of open-cell concrete having a configuration enlarging the surface area is present facing the sound source, while empty resonator chambers are present therebehind which have an associated wall piece as resonance body. These resonators are not air body resonators and are not filled with fibre material. This known wall does not effectively absorb sound over a broad continuous sound band extending over the low and the high frequency range.
  • DE-A-3322189 proposes a wall of special bricks of concrete or the like. Manufacturing these special bricks with open-cell material is not proposed. Disposed mutually adjacent in the special bricks are a number of empty Helmholz air body resonators, each of which is adapted to a different sound band so that the sound of a plurality of mutually adjacent sound bands is absorbed. This wall is nevertheless not very effective as the plurality of different resonators with different dimensions are disposed adjacent to each other and as the resonators do not each have damping material.
  • Proposed in contrast according to the invention is a wall in which the Helmholz resonators adapted to a quite broad low frequency sound band are located behind the other absorbing means that is adapted to absorb a rather broad high frequency band.
  • FR-A-2612217 and DE-A-3937756 each propose a sound absorbing wall wherein a resonance space of a Helmholz air body resonator provided with sound absorbing material is present. Lacking here is an open-cell layer facing toward the sound source and having a relief enlarging the surface area. While the attempt is made with the wall according to these publications to broaden the sound band of absorbed sound, the invention proposes to combine two characteristics which each have their strong effect in their characteristic band. The attempt is made according to the invention to broaden the sound band of each characteristic and to make the adapting of the two characteristics to the occuring sound such that they substantially join onto one another.
  • CH-671054 proposes a sound absorbing wall that is profiled on the surface facing toward the sound source in order to enlarge the sound absorbing surface area of sound absorbing material such as light concrete. Helmholz resonators are omitted here.
  • a sound absorbing wall which is constructed from blocks (Soundblox R ) of the firm Asona Belgium BVBA, in Houthalen, which each consist of trays of a semi-open structure material which are filled to a small extent with a fairly thin layer of sound absorbing fibrous material and which have an air inlet. Absent here are both the enlarged surface profile and the open-cell material on the surface. This "Soundblox" is not adapted for good absorption of two broad sound bands joining onto one another and is therefore less suitable for absorbing traffic noise.
  • FR-2612225 proposes a wall wherein the side facing toward the sound source has a surface enlarging configuration, but which is not however manufactured from open-cell material.
  • Arrow-shaped walls fixedly hold packets of fibre material with there edges.
  • the sound inlets present between gaps are not dimensioned as inlets of Helmholz resonators. A considerable effect of the fibre material exposed to the direct sound radiation occurs here. This wall only absorbs a high frequency sound well.
  • EP-A-0282679 proposes a wall constructed from elements whereof protrusions are congruent to cavities present therebetween. In such a configuration, adapting of resonance chambers to the sound frequencies for absorbing is practically impossible. Although it is proposed in this publication to arrange rockwool in the said cavities and the side facing toward the sound source has an enlarged surface area, practically the whole traffic noise spectrum can nevertheless not be absorbed well. This wall absorbs too little of the low sound frequencies.
  • the sound absorbing wall 1 of figures 1-3 is disposed along a traffic route 9 and has a support construction 3 extending into the ground 2 and consisting of a platform 4 and vertical supports 5.
  • a buttress construction 6 of reinforced construction concrete or steel against which supports the sound absorbing wall construction 7 which is constructed from three plates 18 which mutually enclose an obtuse angle, so that the side 10 facing towards the traffic route 9 is concave.
  • the plates 18 engage with a complementary joint 11 into each other and into a base beam 12.
  • the plates 18 On their front side the plates 18 have panels 8 manufactured from open-cell concrete structure.
  • the panels consist of a closed rear wall 13 and a T-shaped construction element integrally joined thereto, the flange 14 of which faces towards the traffic route as panel 8.
  • the flanges 14 are situated at a mutual gap distance a of 25, 15, 35 or 50 mm. Situated behind the flanges are cavities 15 in which according to figure 3 fibre-form material, for example glass wool, mineral wool, open-cell foam plastic or such sound absorbing soft material 16, is received.
  • fibre-form material for example glass wool, mineral wool, open-cell foam plastic or such sound absorbing soft material 16
  • the sound absorbing wall according to the invention has an aesthetically well-considered appearance.
  • panels 8 of open-cell concrete structure are first manufactured, wherein the fixing reinforcement 20 of reinforcement 21 protrudes outside the panels 8. Thereafter a construction element 23 is manufactured by laying a series of panels 8 at a mutual distance a on a surface and by laying thereon bodies of sound absorbing material 16, for example open-cell, elastic polyurethane foam. Reinforcement 24 of the back wall 13 is then aligned and attached to the fixing reinforcement 20 and the construction concrete 25 of the rear wall 13 is then poured.
  • the factory produced, serially manufactured construction elements 23 are transported to the construction site and disposed there, for example as according to figure 2 either in a curved plane or in a straight plane.
  • the wall of figures 8 and 9 has a pedestal 28 of reinforced construction concrete on which three plates 18 and a concrete top strip 29 are stacked in mutual engagement. Situated in each case between these plates 18 and the top strip 29 is a strip 30 of rockwool or mineral wool behind the top and bottom edges of the plates 18.
  • the plates 18 are constructed from elongate panels 8 of open-cell concrete or sound absorbing asphalt bitumen which is particularly absorbent at high frequencies of 1 K Hz and is known under the name VOAB (Very Open Asphalt Bitumen).
  • the cells or cavities of the above stated materials communicate with each other so that air can penetrate therein to a considerable depth and strongly damped reciprocating air flows thereby occur.
  • the choice of an open-cell material is of essential importance, wherein the open-cell concrete is strongly recommended owing to the long life span in all kinds of climatological conditions.
  • the possible penetration depth for the air flows is preferably considerable, while the surface receiving the radiation is preferably also large.
  • the profile of the panels 8 with an angle of 45° is ideal.
  • the cavities 15 behind the flanges 14 are preferably entirely filled with a packet of mineral wool or glass wool or like material 16.
  • the panels 8 have a rear piece 30' with embedded reinforcement 20 and are fixedly joined therewith by casting to a rear wall 13 of reinforced construction concrete into which screwed sleeves 31 are embedded for fixed screwing to a steel frame 32 or other construction 33 using fixing means 34.
  • a packet of fibre material 16 is also present between adjoining plates 18.
  • Each cavity 15 with its inlet 35 forms a Helmholz air body resonator.
  • the volume of the cavity 15, the depth and the breadth and form of the inlet 35 can be dimensioned such that a Helmholz air body resonator results which is adapted to the sound frequency for absorbing.
  • S here represents the width (cross-section) of the inlet
  • V the volume of the resonator chamber
  • l the depth of the inlet
  • ⁇ l a correction factor for the configuration of the debouchment.
  • Figure 11 shows a graph similar to that of figure 9 substantially of the wall 1 of figure 4 without material 16 therein.
  • Two sound absorption characteristics can in fact be seen here, namely a Helmholz air body resonator characteristic, the maximal absorption of which lies at ⁇ 200 Hz, and an open cell absorption characteristic with a broad band and maximum absorption above 1 K Hz. According to the invention these two characteristics are now combined by bringing them towards one another and by increasing the absorption capacity, this in the sound band of the traffic noise, for instance as according to figure 9.
  • the wall 1 according to the invention is preferably combined with a road surface of VOAB.
  • Figure 12 is a graph of the traffic noise occurring at 100 km per hour, wherein the sound power D of the sound source in decibels is plotted against the frequency f.
  • 40 and 41 represent the curves for heavy vehicles respectively on a VOAB road surface and a fine asphalt road surface
  • 42 and 43 represent the curves for light vehicles respectively on a VOAB road surface and a fine asphalt road surface. It can be seen that it is important to realize a good sound absorption over a broad frequency band from 125 to 4000 Hz.
  • the form of the debouchment 36 with a transverse edge on either side of the inlet 35 as shown in figure 9 is more effective than the form of the debouchment as shown in figure 6.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
EP91201879A 1990-07-16 1991-07-16 Sound absorbing wall Expired - Lifetime EP0467476B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL9001615A NL9001615A (nl) 1990-07-16 1990-07-16 Geluidabsorberende wand.
NL9001615 1990-07-16
NL9002315 1990-10-23
NL9002315A NL9002315A (nl) 1990-07-16 1990-10-23 Geluidabsorberende wand.
NL9002500 1990-11-15
NL9002500A NL9002500A (nl) 1990-07-16 1990-11-15 Geluidabsorberende wand.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0467476A1 EP0467476A1 (en) 1992-01-22
EP0467476B1 true EP0467476B1 (en) 1995-02-15

Family

ID=27352366

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91201879A Expired - Lifetime EP0467476B1 (en) 1990-07-16 1991-07-16 Sound absorbing wall

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0467476B1 (da)
AT (1) ATE118573T1 (da)
DE (1) DE69107358T2 (da)
DK (1) DK0467476T3 (da)
ES (1) ES2068484T3 (da)
GR (1) GR3015877T3 (da)
NL (3) NL9001615A (da)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4211049A1 (de) * 1991-04-02 1992-10-22 Bold Karl Gmbh & Co Grossflaechiges laermschutzwand-element aus beton und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
SE533764C2 (sv) * 2009-05-04 2010-12-28 Bloc Internat Ab Z Ljudbarriär för dämpning av störande trafikljud

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH425870A (fr) * 1964-08-19 1966-12-15 Gros Andre Glissière de sécurité routière
AT338316B (de) * 1974-07-15 1977-08-25 Vasiljevic Costa Silard Dr Ing Schalldampfer
DE3322189A1 (de) * 1983-06-21 1985-01-10 Sf-Vollverbundstein-Kooperation Gmbh, 2820 Bremen Schallabsorbierender formstein sowie schallschutzwand aus formsteinen
BE899081A (nl) * 1984-03-06 1984-07-02 Betonac Beton Geluidswerende wand
FR2612225A1 (fr) * 1987-03-11 1988-09-16 Gilson Pierre Element de revetement acoustique, notamment pour murs anti-bruit
FR2612217A1 (fr) * 1987-03-13 1988-09-16 Rousset Michel Ecrans anti-bruit en elements prefabriques
ATE60103T1 (de) * 1987-03-20 1991-02-15 Rolf Scheiwiller Bausatz zur erstellung von verbundbauwerken.
CH671054A5 (en) * 1987-08-31 1989-07-31 Bernward Lemmen Noise absorbing wall element - with carrier plane for two specified cellular concrete layers and specified surface structure
DE3827144A1 (de) * 1988-08-10 1990-02-15 Ulrich Dipl Ing Gerstner Schallabsorbierendes bauteil
NL8802808A (nl) * 1988-11-15 1990-06-01 Schokbeton Bv Geluidabsorberende wand.
EP0403484A1 (de) * 1989-01-11 1990-12-27 VETTERLI, Peter Schallschluckwand

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69107358T2 (de) 1995-06-14
NL9002315A (nl) 1992-02-17
DK0467476T3 (da) 1995-05-01
DE69107358D1 (de) 1995-03-23
ATE118573T1 (de) 1995-03-15
EP0467476A1 (en) 1992-01-22
NL9001615A (nl) 1992-02-17
NL9002500A (nl) 1992-02-17
GR3015877T3 (en) 1995-07-31
ES2068484T3 (es) 1995-04-16

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