EP0450280A1 - Mécanisme de chargement pour canons - Google Patents

Mécanisme de chargement pour canons Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0450280A1
EP0450280A1 EP91101728A EP91101728A EP0450280A1 EP 0450280 A1 EP0450280 A1 EP 0450280A1 EP 91101728 A EP91101728 A EP 91101728A EP 91101728 A EP91101728 A EP 91101728A EP 0450280 A1 EP0450280 A1 EP 0450280A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chain
projectile
loading
spreader
charging cradle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP91101728A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Wolfgang Grimm
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinmetall Landsysteme GmbH
Original Assignee
KUKA Wehrtechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by KUKA Wehrtechnik GmbH filed Critical KUKA Wehrtechnik GmbH
Publication of EP0450280A1 publication Critical patent/EP0450280A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/01—Feeding of unbelted ammunition
    • F41A9/06—Feeding of unbelted ammunition using cyclically moving conveyors, i.e. conveyors having ammunition pusher or carrier elements which are emptied or disengaged from the ammunition during the return stroke
    • F41A9/09—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines
    • F41A9/10—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines pivoting or swinging
    • F41A9/13—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines pivoting or swinging in a vertical plane
    • F41A9/16—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines pivoting or swinging in a vertical plane which is parallel to the barrel axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B39/00—Packaging or storage of ammunition or explosive charges; Safety features thereof; Cartridge belts or bags
    • F42B39/22—Locking of ammunition in transport containers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for loading guns with a charging cradle for receiving the projectiles from a magazine and transferring them to a loading position in which the projectile lying on the charging cradle is aligned with the core axis of the gun and from which it can be moved with the charging cradle into an attachment position out of which it is accelerated into the pipe with a piecer.
  • the charging cradle is attached, for example, to a loading arm, which in turn is pivotally mounted in the axis of rotation of the barrel.
  • a projectile In a position pivoted downwards, a projectile can be removed from the magazine and, after the loading arm has been pivoted up, lying on the charging cradle, pivoted into the loading position.
  • the projectile is always in alignment regardless of the respective index position of the barrel weapon. From this loading position, the projectile with the charging cradle is then moved into an attachment position brought, in which a piecer attacks on the projectile and accelerates it into the pipe.
  • gripper-like grippers In order to avoid own movements of the projectile in relation to the charging cradle, previously used gripper-like grippers are used which, from the underside of the shell, each encompass the projectile on part of its circumference with a gripping arm. Since the closing forces must be applied directly between the two gripper arms in a very confined space and must also act as a closing moment via a relatively long lever arm, these grippers work satisfactorily during normal transport, but not during the handover of the storey. In addition, when two types of ammunition are fired, the Projectile diameter varies, so that grippers of the aforementioned type must be adapted to different projectile diameters, with the result that there are no perfect attack conditions.
  • the invention has for its object to further develop a device of the aforementioned structure such that the projectile on the way from the loading position to the attachment position, at least towards the end of this attachment movement, cannot carry out its own movements and that the projectile can be properly aligned with the core axis.
  • a radially adjustable holding device in the area of the upper apex of the projectile which, by means of a gear driven by the driving movement of the charging cradle, moves from a release position in the area of the charging position during the movement into the attachment position into a holding position pressing the projectile against the charging cradle is movable and releasable in the attachment position.
  • the holding device for the projectile provided according to the invention is effective on the way between the loading position and the attachment position, and preferably in the area of the last section of the route.
  • the holding device which is initially in the release position, is moved by a gear, the movement of which is derived from the movement of the charging cradle, into the holding position in which the holding device engages on the upper vertex of the projectile and presses it against the charging cradle. In this position, the floor is correctly positioned and can no longer perform its own movements. After triggering the holding device, the piecer can then take action and the projectile can be handed over to the barrel weapon without any problems.
  • the holding device is preferably stationary arranged while the transmission is coupled to the charging cradle.
  • the holding device has a brake shoe acting on the projectile.
  • This brake shoe has a certain axial extent and can, for example, be flat, so that it bears against the projectile along a surface line.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the transmission is a chain drive, the chain is attached at both ends at opposite points on the charging cradle and from the fixed points substantially parallel to the charging cradle via two between the fixed points close to each other and opposite Loading cradle fixedly arranged chain wheels and from there in a loop is guided over a stationary deflection wheel arranged above the floor, and that the deflection wheel, which carries the brake shoe, is mounted on a spring-loaded rocker arm which tensions the chain loop, and that between the two chain centers of the chain loop a chain spreader is arranged which, depending on the path, can be brought into a spreading position which spreads the two chain runs and which pulls the rocker with the deflection wheel and the brake shoe into the holding position.
  • the chain drive is arranged essentially to the side of the charging cradle and the projectile lying thereon.
  • the two chain runs which form the chain loop guided over the deflection wheel, run approximately parallel to one another.
  • the chain is tensioned into the extended position by the rocker arm supporting the deflection wheel or by the spring acting on it.
  • a chain spreader which is arranged between the parallel runs of the chain loop and is moved into the spreading position, finally becomes effective, whereby the rocker together with the brake shoe against the spring loading it down pull the bullet until the brake shoe presses the bullet firmly against the charging cradle.
  • the size of the braking force can be adjusted by a chain tensioner on one of the two chain ends.
  • the chain spreader is a rocker with sprockets mounted at both ends, which can be pivoted from an approximately vertical position between the two parallel chain runs into a position spreading the chain runs.
  • the two sprockets on the rocker lie one behind the other, approximately in the running direction of the chain, without influencing its running itself.
  • the seesaw lies across the chain runs, which are spread by the two sprockets.
  • a further preferred embodiment is characterized in that the chain spreader has a nose lying outside the chain plane, and that on the chain there is arranged a driver which extends into the plane of the nose and by means of which the chain spreader can be moved into the spreading position.
  • the aforementioned embodiment enables the path-dependent control of the chain spreader to be determined by the path of the chain itself, in that the driver is attached to a defined point on the chain.
  • the charging cradle with the projectile runs from the loading position into the attachment position, so the driver hits the nose on the chain spreader before reaching the attachment position, takes it with him and brings it into the spread position, in which the driver again runs past the nose.
  • the chain spreader expediently rests in the spread position against a controlled stop, so that the holding force acting on the projectile via the brake shoe is also maintained at least until the piecer starts operating or until the weapon has reached the desired index position.
  • the stop against which the chain spreader rests in the spread position is then released to release the projectile for the attachment movement.
  • the chain spreader swings back into its ineffective position.
  • a further advantageous embodiment is characterized in that the chain spreader in the area of its two sprockets each has a nose located outside the chain plane, one side of which cooperates with the driver and the other side of which acts with the stop, and that the rocker is pivotable through 360 degrees, and that the driver runs past the stop side of the nose when the charging cradle and the chain return, while the driver takes the nose with it when it moves forward again.
  • the chain spreader is initially taken from the approximately vertical position when the charging cradle is advanced into the attachment position by the driver, which runs against one nose, beyond the dead center position in which the chain spreader with the opposite nose touches the controlled stop. In this position the chain spreader is blocked and the brake shoe is pressed against the projectile. After triggering the stop, the chain spreader swings back into its vertical position, but by 180 degrees rotated, and remains in this position when the empty charging cradle returns.
  • the nose is designed so that the driver runs past the nose during this return without pivoting the chain spreader.
  • the deflection wheel of the chain drive drives a spindle running above and transversely to the projectile, at the end of which the brake shoe is fastened and by means of which the brake shoe is released from the release position in which it is laterally offset from the top of the projectile , can be moved into a position above the apex, from which it can be brought into the holding position by means of the chain spreader.
  • the spring-loaded rocker has an axis rigidly connected to it, which forms its pivot axis and in a fixed position Bearing near the deflection wheel is axially displaceable and rotatably mounted.
  • FIG. 1 the turret 1 of a tank with the gun 2 is shown.
  • a partially ring-shaped magazine 3 with the floors 4 located therein is arranged, which are guided in a loop on the partially annular track by means of a chain drive or the like.
  • the magazine 3 has a transfer position in which the projectile denoted by 4 'is located.
  • the magazine 3 is arranged below the gun barrel 2 in the region of the bottom thereof with the breech 5, which is in a positive index position in the illustration shown.
  • the gun barrel 2 can be moved into the index position about the horizontal transverse axis 6.
  • a device designated 7, which has a double-sided loading arm 8, is used to load the gun barrel 2.
  • the loading arm 8 is suspended from the gun barrel 2 on pivot bearings, the axis of which coincides with the axis of rotation 6 of the gun barrel 2.
  • the double-sided loading arm 8 is assigned a pivot drive 9 attached to the armored turret, which engages on an extension 10 of the loading arm 8 shown on the right, which extends beyond the axis 6.
  • a charging cradle 13 with at least one gripper 14 is mounted on the loading arm 8 on a vertical axis 11 via double arms 12.
  • the charging cradle 13 with the gripper 14 can be pivoted by means of the double arms 12 about the vertical axis 11 to the projectile 4 'in the takeover position, in which the projectile is taken over by the gripper 14.
  • the loading arm 8 After taking over the projectile, the loading arm 8 is pivoted about the axis 6 into the index position of the gun barrel 2 by means of the swivel drive 9 until it reaches the loading position according to FIG. 2.
  • the projectile with the loading shell 13 becomes the position 4 ′′, the so-called attachment position spent out of it by means of a piecer, e.g. B. springs 16 under tension are accelerated into the cargo space of the gun barrel 2, as shown in FIG. 3 as the end position of the projectile 4.
  • the loading arm 8 swings back into its starting position according to FIG. 1.
  • the projectile lying on the charging cradle 13 must be exactly aligned with its axis with the soul axis of the gun barrel 2 in order to be able to position the projectile properly, and that with every index position of the weapon, even with a negative one weapon tilted down. In this position, the floor must not make any own movements.
  • a holding device is provided at position 4 'of the projectile, which is described in more detail in FIGS. 4 to 7.
  • FIG. 4 shows a side view of the holding device 17, which has a brake shoe 18 acting on the projectile 4 '' in the attachment position, which is mounted on a rocker 19 with a pivot axis 20 and is loaded by means of a tension spring 21 so that it is lowered always comes into a linear arrangement on the floor 4 ''.
  • the rocker 19 is mounted with its pivot axis 20 in a bearing block 22. It is also under the action of a tension spring 16, the purpose of which will be described later.
  • the brake shoe 18 can be brought from a release position, not shown, into the holding position shown in FIG.
  • the gear 23 is designed as a chain drive, whose finally long chain 24 is fastened to blocks 25, 26.
  • the blocks 25, 26 are located on the movable charging cradle 13, while for example the bearing block 22 for the Swing arm 19 with the brake shoe 18 is arranged stationary on the loading arm 8.
  • the chain is guided by two closely spaced sprockets 27, 28, which are fixed between the brackets 25, 26, for example on the loading arm 8, out of the essentially floor-parallel guide in a loop with which it wraps around a deflection wheel 29 .
  • the deflection wheel 29 is seated on an axis 30 on which the brake shoe 18 is also mounted.
  • the chain runs 24 ' are guided approximately parallel in the release position of the brake shoe 18, as shown in dashed lines in FIG. In this position, the brake shoe 18 is thus lifted up from the upper apex of the projectile 4 ′′ (not shown).
  • a chain spreader 31 is arranged between the chain runs 24 ′ and can be brought from the ineffective position shown in broken lines to the solid active position shown.
  • the chain spreader 31 is mounted on a shaft 32 in the manner of a seesaw and has a chain wheel 33, 34 at each of its two ends. Furthermore, it is provided at its ends with diametrically opposite lugs 35, 36 with respect to the axis 32.
  • the chain spreader 31 can be rotated through 360 degrees on the axis 32.
  • the chain spreader is assigned a controllable stop 37, which can be moved with the outer side of the lugs 35, 36 from the shown braking position in the direction of the arrow indicated at the stop into the release position.
  • the trestles 25, 26 attached to the charging cradle 13 are in their rightmost position, not shown.
  • the chain spreader fixedly arranged between the chain runs 24 ' 31 is in the dot-dash position between the chain centers 24 '. If the charging cradle runs together with the projectile and the blocks 25, 26 in the direction of arrow 39 towards the attachment position, the chain spreader 31 is actuated depending on the path.
  • the stop 40 runs past the outside of the nose located in position 35 ', displacing the chain spreader somewhat inwardly, but without bringing it into an expanded position.
  • the braking position shown in FIG. 4 can optionally be determined by a sensor 42 and evaluated in terms of control technology.
  • the brake shoe 18 with the rocker 19 is seated on a spindle 43 which is arranged radially fixed but is axially movable.
  • This spindle is driven by a spindle nut 44, which in turn is firmly connected to the deflection wheel 29 of the chain drive.
  • the spindle nut 44 is only radially movable, but axially fixed.
  • the brake shoe 18 can not only be moved radially to the projectile 4 ′′ by means of the chain drive 23, but can also be moved transversely to a position in which it is offset laterally above the projectile. It is also possible to extend the brake shoe 18 to different extents depending on the diameter of the projectile.
  • the retraction of the brake shoe when the charging cradle returns is supported by a tension spring 45, which is stretched between the bearing block 22 (FIG. 4) and the brake shoe 18 or the rocker 19.
  • the braking force of the holding device is adjustable.
  • the fixed point of the chain 24 is formed on the one bracket 26 as a chain tensioner 48.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
EP91101728A 1990-03-07 1991-02-08 Mécanisme de chargement pour canons Withdrawn EP0450280A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19904007172 DE4007172A1 (de) 1990-03-07 1990-03-07 Vorrichtung zum laden von rohrwaffen
DE4007172 1990-03-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0450280A1 true EP0450280A1 (fr) 1991-10-09

Family

ID=6401618

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91101728A Withdrawn EP0450280A1 (fr) 1990-03-07 1991-02-08 Mécanisme de chargement pour canons

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EP (1) EP0450280A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE4007172A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0557751A2 (fr) * 1992-02-27 1993-09-01 KUKA Wehrtechnik GmbH Obusier blindé comportant un bras de chargement pivotant et un magasin pour munitions du type à chaîne sans fin
CN115467762A (zh) * 2022-10-24 2022-12-13 中北大学 一种多脉冲固体火箭发动机药柱储存与供药装置

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4126688C1 (de) * 1991-08-13 1996-09-19 Wegmann & Co Gmbh Kampffahrzeug, insbesondere Kampfpanzer, mit einem unbemannten drehbaren Turm
CN103615937B (zh) * 2013-12-17 2016-03-16 厦门晟妍机械科技有限公司 一种自动组装子弹链装置及其方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3218930A (en) * 1952-08-27 1965-11-23 Philias H Girouard Gun mount with ammunition supplying means
DE2153327A1 (de) * 1971-01-28 1972-08-03 General Motors Corp., Detroit, Mich. (V.StA.) Munitionsträger
US4735307A (en) * 1986-09-18 1988-04-05 Harsco Corporation Projectile holder with extractor and locking assembly
US4898071A (en) * 1988-09-23 1990-02-06 Fmc Corporation Inflatable ammunition gripping device

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3218930A (en) * 1952-08-27 1965-11-23 Philias H Girouard Gun mount with ammunition supplying means
DE2153327A1 (de) * 1971-01-28 1972-08-03 General Motors Corp., Detroit, Mich. (V.StA.) Munitionsträger
US4735307A (en) * 1986-09-18 1988-04-05 Harsco Corporation Projectile holder with extractor and locking assembly
US4898071A (en) * 1988-09-23 1990-02-06 Fmc Corporation Inflatable ammunition gripping device

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0557751A2 (fr) * 1992-02-27 1993-09-01 KUKA Wehrtechnik GmbH Obusier blindé comportant un bras de chargement pivotant et un magasin pour munitions du type à chaîne sans fin
EP0557751A3 (fr) * 1992-02-27 1994-03-23 Kuka Wehrtechnik Gmbh
CN115467762A (zh) * 2022-10-24 2022-12-13 中北大学 一种多脉冲固体火箭发动机药柱储存与供药装置

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Publication number Publication date
DE4007172A1 (de) 1991-09-12

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