EP0444411B1 - Verschlussvorrichtung für die Boden-Ausgussöffnung einer Giesspfanne - Google Patents
Verschlussvorrichtung für die Boden-Ausgussöffnung einer Giesspfanne Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0444411B1 EP0444411B1 EP91100610A EP91100610A EP0444411B1 EP 0444411 B1 EP0444411 B1 EP 0444411B1 EP 91100610 A EP91100610 A EP 91100610A EP 91100610 A EP91100610 A EP 91100610A EP 0444411 B1 EP0444411 B1 EP 0444411B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- slide plate
- plate
- piston
- slide
- cylinder unit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/14—Closures
- B22D41/22—Closures sliding-gate type, i.e. having a fixed plate and a movable plate in sliding contact with each other for selective registry of their openings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/14—Closures
- B22D41/22—Closures sliding-gate type, i.e. having a fixed plate and a movable plate in sliding contact with each other for selective registry of their openings
- B22D41/28—Plates therefor
- B22D41/34—Supporting, fixing or centering means therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/14—Closures
- B22D41/22—Closures sliding-gate type, i.e. having a fixed plate and a movable plate in sliding contact with each other for selective registry of their openings
- B22D41/40—Means for pressing the plates together
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a closure device for the bottom pouring opening of a ladle according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Closure devices of this type are known, for example from DE-B-1 928 400.
- the known construction is characterized in that the slide plate is gimbally movably supported with respect to the sealing surface on the forked free end of a double link pivotably mounted on the pan base, one of the gimbal axles being supported the double-link axle lying at the forked end and extending horizontally coincides, while the second gimbal axle is defined by the vertical pivot axis of the slide.
- This cardanic attachment enables the slide plate to pivot around two mutually perpendicular axes.
- the present invention has for its object to provide a slide closure device based on the prior art mentioned, which is both easy to open and close and on the other hand, an automatic alignment of the slide plate is ensured such that on the The sealing surface exerts an even pressure and thus a reliable seal and even wear of the interacting surfaces of the slide and top plate can be obtained.
- the double swivel mounting of the slide plate allows the slide lock to be opened or closed in the manner of a door or window, while at the same time ensuring that deviations from the parallel alignment between the slide and top plate are excluded.
- the forced parallelism between the slide plate and the top plate ensures an even pressure load on the sealing surface and thus a reliable seal and even wear of the mutually associated surfaces of the slide and top plate when opening and closing the closure.
- the slide closure can be pivoted about a longitudinal edge which is dimensioned much longer than the transverse edge, so that it does not take up too much space when the slide closure is opened.
- a hydraulically or hydro-pneumatically actuable piston-cylinder unit is provided for closing the device, by means of which the slide plate can be brought into the operating position by overcoming a predetermined sealing prestress between the slide plate and the top plate. In this position, the slide plate is then held by a holding hook or the like.
- the piston-cylinder unit mentioned By means of the piston-cylinder unit mentioned, the slide plate is thus pressed against the head plate under somewhat increased force, against the action of the the slide plate acting and the sealing prestress between the slide and top plate determining compression springs, so that the mechanical locking is possible by means of the holding hook mentioned. After this mechanical locking, the piston-cylinder unit is removed again, possibly only pivoted into a rest position.
- the aforementioned piston-cylinder unit is preferably coupled to a pressure measuring and / or setting device for determining and / or setting the closing and opening pressure. It is also possible to determine excessive wear on the slide and / or head plate. Furthermore, it is possible to determine by means of the above-mentioned device whether repair slide plates are ground too thin, whether the locking mechanism is extended, whether the slide plate springs are defective, the spring sleeves are seated too deep or the like, all of which are at one Lead to impairment of the required slide plate contact pressure.
- a closure device for the bottom pouring opening of a ladle comprises a mounting plate 10 fastened to the pan bottom, against which a head plate 13 shown in dashed lines in FIG Molten metal is located.
- a slide plate 12 bears on the underside of the head plate 13, in which there is also a passage opening 14 for the melt.
- the slide plate 12, which is also only shown in broken lines in FIG. 1, is inserted into a frame 15 which is arranged in a housing 16 in a plane extending perpendicularly to the central axis of the melt passage openings 11 and 14.
- a plurality of contact springs not shown in FIG.
- the slide plate 12 is mounted together with the frame 15 and the housing 16 between the two legs of a U-shaped housing bracket 17 pivotable about a first pivot axis 18 (see double arrow 19 in Fig. 1).
- Said support bracket 17 is in turn mounted on the mounting plate 10 so as to be pivotable about a second pivot axis 20, the second pivot axis 20 extending through the two ends of the support bracket legs.
- the first and second pivot axes 18 and 20 extend parallel to one another and parallel to the mounting plate 10 or sealing surface between the head and slide plate.
- the double pivot axis mounting of the slide plate described and shown in more detail in FIG. 1 excludes deviations from the parallel alignment between the mutually corresponding surfaces of the top plate and slide plate in the operating position, ie when the ladle slide is closed.
- the slide plate 12 adjusts itself parallel to the head plate when the device is closed, and automatically with the result that the aforementioned tension springs exert a uniform pressure on the slide plate 12. Accordingly, a permanently reliable seal is obtained between the slide plate and the top plate. The wear of the corresponding surfaces of the slide and top plate is even and therefore optimal.
- the pivot axes 18, 20 each extend parallel to the direction of adjustment of the slide plate 12.
- the first pivot axis 18 is preferably aligned approximately with the longitudinal axis of the slide extending in the direction of adjustment of the slide plate 12.
- the slide plate 12 including the frame 15 is by a locking device acting on the pivotally mounted support bracket 17 on the one hand and on the mounting plate 10 on the other hand in the form of a hydraulically or hydro-pneumatically actuable piston-cylinder unit 21 (see FIG. 2) while overcoming the aforementioned, can be brought into the operating position by means of pressure between the slide plate 12 and the top plate 13 caused by the pressure springs arranged between the slide plate and slide plate frame.
- the slide plate is held by a holding hook 22 which is pivotably mounted on the mounting plate 10, as can be seen in FIGS. 3 and 4.
- Two holding hooks 22 are preferably provided, on both sides of the locking device 21, the pivot axes of the holding hooks likewise extending parallel to the two aforementioned pivot axes 18, 20.
- the pivot axis of the holding hook 22 is identified by the reference number 23.
- the ladle is brought into a position in which the pivot axes 18, 20 extend approximately vertically. In this way, little space is required to open the slide arrangement.
- the bracket 17 velvet Housing 16 and slide plate 12 is opened in the manner of a relatively narrow door.
- the device mentioned is indicated in FIG. 2 with the reference number 25.
- This device can be used to determine whether the contact pressure between the slide and top plate is still sufficient. Furthermore, it can be determined whether the springs biasing the slide plate in the operating position are defective.
- this pressure measuring and / or setting device 25 can also be used to determine whether the slide plates have been ground too thinly during the repair, so that insufficient contact pressure between the slide plate and the top plate is guaranteed during operation. It can also be determined in this way whether the slide mechanism is extended or whether the preload spring sleeves are too deep.
- the described locking device with the pressure measuring and / or setting device 25 represents an extremely valuable aid.
- the slide plate 12 is conventionally driven by a hydraulically actuated piston-cylinder unit, i.e. slide back and forth to set the desired degree of opening of the ladle pouring spout.
- this piston-cylinder unit is connected to a connecting cylinder 26, through which a tubular or rod-shaped intermediate piece 27, which can be pushed back and forth with the slide plate, extends.
- the free end of the piston rod of the aforementioned piston-cylinder unit is then coupled to this intermediate piece.
- FIG. 5 to 7 is a modified embodiment of a closure device designed according to the invention shown.
- a mounting plate 10 is fastened to the ladle bottom 28, against which a head plate 13 bears from below, in which there is a passage opening 11 for the melt to be poured off.
- the slide plate 12 bears with the passage opening 14.
- the slide plate 12 is inserted in a frame 15, which is arranged in FIG. 5 from left to right and vice versa in a housing 16. Between the frame 15 and the slide plate 12, a plurality of pressure springs 29 are arranged, which are supported downward on the frame 15 and exert an upward pressure force on the slide plate 12.
- the housing 16 together with the slide plate 12 and slide plate frame 15 is similar to the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 4 between the two legs of a housing bracket 17 pivotally mounted about a first pivot axis 18, while the bracket 17 on the mounting plate 10 a second pivot axis 20 is pivotally mounted, the first and second pivot axes extending parallel to one another and parallel to the mounting plate 10 or to the sealing surface between the slide plate and the top plate.
- the pivot axes 18, 20 each extend perpendicular to the direction of adjustment of the slide plate, which is predetermined by the drive device assigned to the slide plate in the form of a hydraulically actuated piston-cylinder unit 30.
- the device described is closed and opened by a hydraulically or hydro-pneumatically actuable piston-cylinder unit 21, the piston rod of which can be hooked onto the web 31 of the housing mounting bracket 17.
- the diametrical end of the piston-cylinder unit 21, ie the cylinder of the same, is articulated on the ladle (pivot bearing 32).
- the permanent closure takes place in a manner similar to that in the above-described embodiment purely mechanically by holding hooks 22 which, according to FIG.
- the length of the retaining hook 22 is adjustable, as in Fig. 7 by the double arrows 33 is indicated. In this way, the spring preload for the slide plate 12 can be adjusted in the continuous operating position.
- the holding hooks 22 are also pivotally mounted on the ladle about the aforementioned pivot bearing axis 32 for the piston-cylinder unit 21, specifically on the side wall of the ladle facing the slide plate drive (see FIG. 5).
- the slide plate 12 is adjusted by a piston-cylinder unit 30, the axis of which, in the operating position, lies in a plane substantially parallel to the sealing surface of the slide plate, the piston rod 35 and the movable slide part or an intermediate piece 27 connected to it on the one hand and the cylinder 36 and the support bracket 17 on the other hand members are assigned to a coupling such that the coupling members of the connection between the movable slide part and piston rod 35 by a substantially vertical plane (in FIGS. 5 and 6 the plane of the drawing) pivoting movement of the Piston-cylinder unit 30 brought into engagement and held in engagement by a tilting moment effective in the plane of the pivoting movement.
- a substantially vertical plane in FIGS. 5 and 6 the plane of the drawing
- the cylinder 36 has two diametrically arranged radial bolts 37 which, with the formation of the pivot axis 38 of the piston-cylinder unit 30, have two recesses which are open towards the top and are flush with one another 39 on two spaced apart mounting tabs or - as here - on the two legs of the housing bracket 17 correspond.
- the two recesses 39 are each part of a ramp 34, the ramp 34 being arranged upstream of the recesses 39.
- the ramps 34 are in each case fitted on the inside on the web-side ends of the two legs of the housing mounting bracket 17.
- the ramps are curved slightly concave from above, ie seen from the ladle. Furthermore is the transition between each ramp 34 and the associated recess 39 is rounded in order to facilitate the introduction of the radial bolts 38 formed on the cylinder 36 of the piston-cylinder unit 30 into the two recesses 39.
- the center of gravity of the piston-cylinder unit 30 lies between the recesses 39 and the web 31 of the housing support bracket 17 in order to achieve the tilting moment described above.
- the aforementioned coupling members consist of two diametrically arranged radial bolts 41 at the free end of the piston rod 35 of the piston-cylinder Unit 30, on the one hand, and corresponding end of intermediate piece 27, which has recesses 42 which are open at the bottom and face towards piston-cylinder unit 30 and which is operatively connected to slide plate 12.
- Both the radial bolts 37 on the cylinder 36 and the radial bolts 41 on the free end of the piston rod 35 of the piston-cylinder unit 30 each extend parallel to the sealing surface between the slide plate and the top plate, preferably approximately at the level of the longitudinal central axis of the piston-cylinder Unit 30, as shown in FIG. 6.
- the two pivot axes 18 and 20 are preferably also in the same plane.
- the aforementioned ramps 34 facilitate both the assembly and the disassembly of the piston-cylinder unit 30 or the coupling and uncoupling of this unit to the movable slide part or to the intermediate piece 27, which is connected to the movable slide part.
- the piston-cylinder unit 30 is still supported on the two ramps 34 via the radial bolts 37.
- the two ramps 34 also facilitate coupling.
- the piston-cylinder unit is supported with the two radial bolts 37 on the free ends of the ramps 34.
- the piston-cylinder unit 30 is then pushed over the two ramps to the two recesses 39 at the inside end of the ramps 34 until the Cylinder 36 of the piston-cylinder unit 30 arranged radial bolts 37 are placed within the recesses 39.
- the coupling of the piston rod 35 to the intermediate piece 27 then takes place in a conventional manner, as is described, for example, in DE-A-26 03 003.
- the effective ramp area does not necessarily have to be concave; a straight ramp area is also practical.
- the free, left end of the ramp surfaces in FIG. 6 preferably extends approximately parallel to the direction of adjustment of the slide or approximately parallel to the sealing surface between the slide and head plate.
- the radial bolts 37 on the cylinder 36 can be designed as rollers.
- ramps are also advantageous for conventional slide locks. These can be retrofitted accordingly.
- the aforementioned ramps would have to be formed on the inside of the retaining tabs for the piston-cylinder unit.
- the retaining tabs themselves could be designed like ramps.
- FIG. 8 shows a detailed cross section of the closure device according to FIG. 1, parts which have already been explained with reference to FIG. 1 being shown in FIG are identified by the same reference numbers.
- a preferred closing or holding means for the housing bracket 17 will now be explained with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9 and 10.
- the holding means mentioned is identified by reference number 43. It comprises two holding tabs 44, 45 (see in particular FIGS. 9 and 10) which are pivotably mounted on the mounting plate 10 at an axial distance from one another, at the free ends of which a transversely extending, in the operating position engaging a nose 51 projecting on the housing carrying bracket 17 engages behind Eccentric 46 is rotatably mounted.
- two holding means 43 of the type mentioned are arranged at a distance from one another in the longitudinal web of the housing mounting bracket 17.
- the pivot axis of the holding tabs 44, 45 or of the holding means 43 is identified by the reference number 32.
- the or the lugs 51 formed on the longitudinal web of the housing mounting bracket 17 are each assigned interchangeably fastened parts 52 which are each provided with a support surface 53 for the eccentric 46.
- the support surface 53 is adapted to the circular-cylindrical eccentric circumferential surface and arranged slightly recessed so that when the device is closed, the eccentric 46 snaps into the support surface 53 while overcoming a preload caused by the pressure springs acting on the slide plate 12 . In this position, the eccentric 46 is shown in Fig. 8.
- the sealing prestress between the slide plate and the top plate can be adjusted or adjusted. With such an adjustment above all possible wear within the slide can be compensated.
- the eccentrics 46 must each be in the same position in order to ensure a uniform pressing of the slide plate over its length and width.
- the above-mentioned support part 52 is fastened to the longitudinal web of the housing mounting bracket by means of screws 54.
- the two retaining tabs are rigidly connected to one another in accordance with FIG. 8 by diametrically arranged transverse webs 58.
- the rotatably mounted eccentric has an octagonal collar 56 at one end and a transverse splint 55 at the diametrical end.
- the split pin 55 must first be removed. Then the eccentric in the direction 59, d. H. 9 to the right until the octagonal collar is released from a complementary abutment surface 57 within a lateral recess 62 on the outside of the retaining tab 44 associated with the collar 56. Then the eccentric 46 can be turned to the right or left with a corresponding change in the position of the contact surface of the eccentric 46 which interacts with the nose 51 or the supporting surface 53 of the supporting part 52. The eccentric 46 is then pushed back again in the direction of the arrow 60 and with the cotter pin 55 secured in this location. Due to the octagonal formation of the federal government 56, the eccentric can be secured in eight different rotary positions.
- a securing bracket is also pivotably mounted, specifically in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 10 on the retaining tab 44.
- the corresponding pivot bearing of the securing bracket 47 is identified by the reference number 48.
- the securing bracket 47 interacts with a securing bolt 49, which extends between the two mounting brackets 44, 45 and is fastened to the housing mounting bracket 17, in such a way that the retaining means 43 described can only be pivoted in the mounting bracket release position when the securing bracket 47 is raised.
- the securing bolt 49 is fastened to the free end face of the nose 51 in the exemplary embodiment shown. At the free end it has a radially projecting collar 50.
- the securing bracket 47 engages between the retaining tabs 44, 45 on the one hand and the collar 50 of the securing bolt 49 on the other hand, as can be seen in both FIGS. 8 and 10.
- the securing bracket 47 is provided with a handle in the form of a handle 63.
- the pivoting of the safety bracket 47 into the support bracket release position is indicated in Fig. 10 with the arrow 61.
- the securing bracket has an approximately semicircular recess 64 which corresponds to the upper half of the securing bolt 49.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
- Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
- Cookers (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
- Sliding Valves (AREA)
- Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
- Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
- Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4006064A DE4006064A1 (de) | 1990-02-26 | 1990-02-26 | Verschlussvorrichtung fuer die boden-ausgussoeffnung einer giesspfanne |
DE4006064 | 1990-02-26 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0444411A1 EP0444411A1 (de) | 1991-09-04 |
EP0444411B1 true EP0444411B1 (de) | 1994-08-17 |
Family
ID=6401011
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP91100610A Expired - Lifetime EP0444411B1 (de) | 1990-02-26 | 1991-01-18 | Verschlussvorrichtung für die Boden-Ausgussöffnung einer Giesspfanne |
Country Status (16)
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH06134557A (ja) * | 1992-10-23 | 1994-05-17 | Tokyo Yogyo Co Ltd | 溶融金属収容容器用スライディングノズル |
IT1261973B (it) * | 1992-12-15 | 1996-06-11 | Dispositivo per l'azionamento automatico di scaricatori a cassetto,in generale per contenitori di metallo liquido | |
EP0621098B2 (fr) * | 1993-04-19 | 2005-11-23 | Vesuvius France S.A. | Dispositif de coulée comportant une liaison sans ciment d'un conteneur métallurgique à un obturateur à tiroir et procédé de mise en oeuvre de ce dispositif |
JP3017381B2 (ja) * | 1993-09-14 | 2000-03-06 | 東芝セラミックス株式会社 | 鋳造用スライドゲートプレート及びその着脱方法 |
ES2122857B1 (es) * | 1995-03-17 | 1999-07-01 | Deguisa S A | Cierre de corredera para controlar el flujo de metal fundido desde un recipiente de colada. |
DE10033904A1 (de) | 2000-07-12 | 2002-01-31 | Stopinc Ag Huenenberg | Schieberverschluss zum Vergiessen von Metallschmelze, sowie eine dazugehörige feuerfeste Platteneinheit |
KR100840275B1 (ko) * | 2001-11-14 | 2008-06-20 | 주식회사 포스코 | 래들 카세트 닫힘 확인장치 |
DE10213041C1 (de) * | 2002-03-22 | 2003-11-13 | Uwe Bovenschen | Gießpfannen-Schieberverschluss-System |
CH710652B1 (de) * | 2015-01-23 | 2019-06-28 | Refractory Intellectual Property Gmbh & Co Kg | Schiebeverschluss für einen Metallschmelze enthaltenden Behälter. |
RU172571U1 (ru) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-07-13 | Акционерное общество "ЕВРАЗ Объединенный Западно-Сибирский металлургический комбинат", АО "ЕВРАЗ ЗСМК" | Шиберный затвор для сталеразливочных ковшей |
DE102017120897A1 (de) | 2017-09-11 | 2019-03-14 | Knöllinger FLO-TEC GmbH | Schieberverschluss mit Ausgleichsvorrichtung für den Anpressdruck |
CN109692949B (zh) * | 2018-02-26 | 2023-06-02 | 河北泰禾高温流体科技股份有限公司 | 一种钢包滑动水口机构的驱动装置 |
US11331719B2 (en) | 2020-02-28 | 2022-05-17 | Knöllinger FLO-TEC GmbH | Slide gate with compensation device for the contact pressure |
CN113843412A (zh) * | 2020-07-24 | 2021-12-28 | 河南熔金新材料有限公司 | 一种钢包滑动水口机构防碰撞装置 |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH474303A (de) * | 1968-06-18 | 1969-06-30 | Metacon Ag | Verschliesseinrichtung für die Boden-Ausgussöffnung von Giesspfannen |
US3613965A (en) * | 1969-06-25 | 1971-10-19 | United States Steel Corp | Operating and loading mechanism for slidable gates |
DE2264969C3 (de) * | 1971-06-07 | 1985-06-27 | USS Engineers and Consultants, Inc., Pittsburgh, Pa. | Gleitschieberverschluß für die Gießöffnung eines Gießgefäßes |
JPS5064122A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 1973-10-12 | 1975-05-31 | ||
CH579485A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 1975-01-28 | 1976-09-15 | Metacon Ag | |
JPS52102837A (en) * | 1976-02-25 | 1977-08-29 | Kurosaki Refractories Co | Door opening mechanism in sliding nozzle mechanism |
JPS5265131A (en) * | 1975-11-26 | 1977-05-30 | Nippon Steel Corp | Method of setting up facial pressure in sliding nozzle equipment |
RO68534A (ro) * | 1975-11-26 | 1982-05-10 | Kurosaki Refractories Co Ltd Nippon Steel Corp,Jp | Dispozitiv cu placa glisanta pentru reglarea curgerii metalului lichid dintr-un recipient de turnare |
DE2652593C2 (de) * | 1976-11-19 | 1979-05-03 | Zimmermann & Jansen Gmbh, 5160 Dueren | Schieberverschluß für eine Gießpfanne |
DE2704599C3 (de) * | 1977-02-04 | 1979-10-18 | Zimmermann & Jansen Gmbh, 5160 Dueren | Vorrichtung zum Prüfen der Funktionsfähigkeit eines Gießpfannenschiebers |
GB2133505B (en) * | 1982-12-14 | 1987-04-15 | Nippon Kokan Kk | Rotary nozzle system for metallurgical vessels |
-
1990
- 1990-02-26 DE DE4006064A patent/DE4006064A1/de active Granted
-
1991
- 1991-01-18 DE DE59102533T patent/DE59102533D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-01-18 ES ES91100610T patent/ES2057610T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-01-18 AT AT91100610T patent/ATE110017T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-01-18 EP EP91100610A patent/EP0444411B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-02-05 CA CA002035678A patent/CA2035678C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-02-18 CZ CS91407A patent/CZ278039B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-02-18 SK SK407-91A patent/SK281048B6/sk not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-02-20 HU HU554/91A patent/HU216003B/hu unknown
- 1991-02-22 MX MX024661A patent/MX173504B/es unknown
- 1991-02-25 ZA ZA911349A patent/ZA911349B/xx unknown
- 1991-02-25 BR BR919100747A patent/BR9100747A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-02-25 TR TR00203/91A patent/TR27216A/xx unknown
- 1991-02-25 KR KR1019910003046A patent/KR950001386B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-02-25 JP JP3050128A patent/JPH0775772B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-02-25 RU SU914894493A patent/RU1836188C/ru active
- 1991-02-26 US US07/661,421 patent/US5110018A/en not_active Ceased
-
1994
- 1994-05-04 US US08/237,927 patent/USRE35637E/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
RU1836188C (ru) | 1993-08-23 |
DE4006064A1 (de) | 1991-08-29 |
ZA911349B (en) | 1991-11-27 |
DE4006064C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1992-02-20 |
CS9100407A2 (en) | 1991-09-15 |
CA2035678A1 (en) | 1991-08-27 |
JPH04220162A (ja) | 1992-08-11 |
US5110018A (en) | 1992-05-05 |
BR9100747A (pt) | 1991-10-22 |
HU216003B (hu) | 1999-04-28 |
DE59102533D1 (de) | 1994-09-22 |
TR27216A (tr) | 1994-12-09 |
KR950001386B1 (ko) | 1995-02-18 |
MX173504B (es) | 1994-03-10 |
HU910554D0 (en) | 1991-09-30 |
CA2035678C (en) | 1996-12-17 |
ATE110017T1 (de) | 1994-09-15 |
USRE35637E (en) | 1997-10-21 |
KR910021276A (ko) | 1991-12-20 |
CZ278039B6 (en) | 1993-07-14 |
HUT65342A (en) | 1994-05-02 |
ES2057610T3 (es) | 1994-10-16 |
JPH0775772B2 (ja) | 1995-08-16 |
SK281048B6 (sk) | 2000-11-07 |
EP0444411A1 (de) | 1991-09-04 |
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