EP0444371A1 - Supporting and load distributing element for roof covered with flat tiles, and roof including that element - Google Patents

Supporting and load distributing element for roof covered with flat tiles, and roof including that element Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0444371A1
EP0444371A1 EP90403792A EP90403792A EP0444371A1 EP 0444371 A1 EP0444371 A1 EP 0444371A1 EP 90403792 A EP90403792 A EP 90403792A EP 90403792 A EP90403792 A EP 90403792A EP 0444371 A1 EP0444371 A1 EP 0444371A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
roof
spacer
element according
battens
tiles
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Granted
Application number
EP90403792A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0444371B1 (en
Inventor
Leone Luparini
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Ofic Omnium Francais Industriel Et Com Ste
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Ofic Omnium Francais Industriel Et Commercial Ste
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D12/00—Non-structural supports for roofing materials, e.g. battens, boards
    • E04D12/004—Battens
    • E04D12/006—Batten-supporting means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B7/20—Roofs consisting of self-supporting slabs, e.g. able to be loaded
    • E04B7/205—Roofs consisting of self-supporting slabs, e.g. able to be loaded the slabs having non-structural supports for roofing materials
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D3/00—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
    • E04D3/36—Connecting; Fastening
    • E04D3/3608—Connecting; Fastening for double roof covering or overroofing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a support and load distribution element for a flat tiled roof.
  • Corrugated sheets of the "Flexoutuile" type are particularly intended for the roofing of roofs with channel tiles.
  • the use of this material to constitute the under-roofing of roofs in channel tiles receives a double application.
  • the sub-roofs made with such materials have great qualities: on the one hand, they make the roof waterproof, and on the other hand, they guarantee a natural ventilation of it.
  • the fixing of battens on the corrugated plates has many disadvantages. Due to the corrugated shape of the roofing, the weight of the battens and tiles is carried almost entirely by the top of the convex undulations (seen from the outside of the roof) which then tend to deform. As a result, the sub-roof is weakened and in addition, the deformation of the corrugated plate can prevent proper ventilation of the roof as well as the flow of water possibly infiltrated through a defective tile.
  • a support element and load distribution for flat tiled roof consisting of a corrugated roofing whose corrugations are arranged substantially in the direction of the slope of the roof, and to which are fixed battens substantially perpendicular to the direction of said slope of the roof, capable of receiving the tiles after interposition of support elements and load distribution between the battens and the under -Roof at determined intervals.
  • This type of known element being each placed in contact on the one hand with a strip, at the level of at least one convex undulation of the roofing (seen from the outside), and on the other hand with at least one concave undulation of the roofing.
  • Each of these known elements is placed in contact with a single batten, at the level of a single convex undulation of the sub-roof, and with each of the two concave undulations of the sub-roof which are adjacent to said convex undulation and share and other of the latter.
  • said elements and the battens are fixed to the corrugated sub-roofing, or even also to the load-bearing structure of the roof (frame, concrete slabs, etc.), by the same fixing means.
  • this turned out to be inconvenient for the installer, who must control the position of several parts at the same time, while performing the fixing operation by nailing, screwing, etc.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy this drawback, and for this purpose relates to a support and load-sharing element for a flat-tiled roof consisting of a corrugated sheet sub-roof, the corrugations of which are arranged substantially in the direction of the slope of the roof, and on which are fixed battens substantially perpendicular to the direction of said slope of the roof, capable of receiving the tiles after interposition of support elements and load distribution between the battens and the sub-roof at determined intervals , characterized in that the support and load distribution element consists of a tubular spacer arranged in a concave undulation of the under-roof, in contact on the one hand with a batten and on the other hand with the bottom of said concave undulation.
  • the tubular spacer constituting it is a cylinder portion of which one of its ends comprises a retaining heel extending substantially radially towards the outside of said cylinder, and capable of coming into abutment with a batten, in a direction of introduction directed down the slope of the roof.
  • the retaining heel of the spacer is a lug arranged in a sailie on the cylinder portion, and whose lateral edges merge with two parallel tangents of said cylinder portion.
  • the spacer constituting it comprises, at its lower part opposite the retaining heel, an external longitudinal groove capable of constituting, with the bottom of a concave corrugation, a water evacuation conduit.
  • the external diameter of the spacer is at least equal to the distance between the bottom of a concave corrugation and the lower face of a strip opposite said corrugation.
  • the external diameter of the spacer is greater than the distance between the bottom of a concave corrugation and the underside of a strip opposite said corrugation.
  • the spacer is obtained in a single piece by injection molding of a thermoplastic material capable of giving it a power of radial elastic deformation in compression.
  • the external radius of the portion of cylinder constituting the spacer is substantially identical to the radius of a concave corrugation which it marries by contact at its lower part.
  • the portion of cylinder constituting the spacer comprises, in its end opposite the heel, a longitudinal draft external able to facilitate its introduction between a strip and a concave undulation, with or without the help of a hammer.
  • the bore of the cylinder part constituting the spacer comprises a rib preferably of cross-shaped section, the center of which merges with the axis of said cylinder.
  • a cross-shaped reinforcing rib prevents, without interfering with the ventilation of the roof, the penetration of small animals, such as rodents, under the tiles of the roof, which is another advantage of the invention.
  • the branches of the cross-shaped rib may be, one vertical, and the other horizontal, if the element is intended for a roof having to withstand an overload, for example of snow.
  • an internal reinforcing rib in the form of a cross with branches inclined by about 45 ° on the vertical.
  • the support and load distribution element is arranged at determined intervals so as to appropriately distribute the load of the battens and tiles on the roofing.
  • the invention also relates to a flat tile roof produced by means of such support and load distribution elements.
  • the roof comprises first of all a load-bearing structure 1.
  • This load-bearing structure can for example be a concrete or composite material slab, or even a wooden frame.
  • Corrugated plates 2 are placed on this bearing structure 1. These plates 2 are fixed according to a method known to those skilled in the art, so as to produce a waterproof under-roof.
  • the roof further comprises battens 5 which are arranged substantially perpendicular to the slope of the roof.
  • battens can for example be made of wood. They ensure the positioning of the tiles on the roofing and above all they prevent the tiles from sliding on it. The intervals between the battens are determined by the geometry of the tiles used.
  • the recess 7 of a first tile 6 is placed upstream and rests on a first batten 5.
  • the step 10 of a second tile 11 is placed on a second batten 9 adjacent and downstream.
  • the part 8 comprising asperities of the first tile 6 rests on the upstream part of the second tile 11, which itself rests on the second batten 9.
  • Each element 3 consists of a tubular spacer arranged in a concave corrugation 2 a of the under-roof 2, in contact on the one hand with a batten 9 or 5 and on the other hand with the bottom of said concave corrugation 2 a over a relatively large area on either side of the axis XX 'thereof.
  • Element 3 has a shape adapted to the profile of the sheets of the roofing.
  • these are plates with curved undulations, but the invention could of course be applied to plates forming slots of quadrangular profile, in particular polygonal.
  • the spacer 3 is produced in a portion of hollow cylinder, this so as not to oppose the runoff of water in the corrugations, nor the passage of ventilation air from the roof.
  • the dimensions of the spacer 3 are such as to allow its introduction into a concave corrugation 2 has, after laying of laths 5 placed at specific intervals on the underroof two corrugated plates.
  • the battens 5 are fixed by screws or nails 4 on the sole sub-roof 2, substantially at the level of the convex vertices 2b , or else passing through it to be fixed on the supporting structure 1, thus immobilizing the battens 5 and the sub-roof 2 relative to the latter.
  • the external diameter "D" of the portion of cylinder constituting the spacer 3 is at least equal to the distance "d" between the internal bottom of a concave corrugation 2 a and the lower face 5 a of a facing strip 5 of said corrugation, so that the spacer 3 marries by contact said bottom of the concave corrugation 2 has to form a symmetrically distributed contact area.
  • the diameter "D" is greater than the distance "d", because the aim is to prevent the weight of the battens 5, 9, etc ... and the tiles 6, 11, etc ... constituting the roof from being directly transmitted over the small area of the peaks convex waves 2 b of corrugated plates 2, so as to transmit and distribute substantially all this weight on the supporting structure 1 by means of spacers 3 bearing by larger surfaces on the concave waves 2 a , themselves resting on the supporting structure 1.
  • the spacer is made of a synthetic material such as polyethylene so as to allow its compression by a value equal to the difference "e", by radial elastic deformation, in particular for roofs without overloading.
  • a synthetic material such as polyethylene
  • the spacer 3 comprises, at one of its ends, a retaining heel 12 extending radially towards the outside of the cylinder and able to come into abutment with a batten 5, 9, in a direction F of introduction directed towards the down the slope of the roof.
  • the spacers 3 can be arranged by tight fitting under the battens 5, 9, without any fixing means and completely independently of the fixing of said battens.
  • the retaining heel 12 of the spacer 3 is a lug projecting from the cylinder portion at one of its ends 3 a , and the lateral edges 12 a and 12 b coincide with two parallel tangents of said cylinder constituting the spacer 3.
  • the spacer 3 includes at its lower part 3b, opposite the heel retainer 12, a longitudinal groove external 13 parallel to the axis YY 'of the spacer 3, adapted to constitute the bottom of a concave corrugation 2 has , on which rests the spacer 3, a water discharge conduit. This is to prevent, during small runoffs due for example to condensation and gathering in the undulations, that water accumulations occur behind the threshold 14 formed by the very thickness of the cylindrical wall of the spacer 3.
  • the introduction part 3 c opposite the heel 12 comprises a longitudinal relief 15 forming a chamfer , able to allow its easy introduction between the battens 5, 9 and a concave undulation 2 a , with or without the aid of a hammer or mallet.
  • the draft 15 is double and is constituted by two inclined planes 15 a and 15 b respectively formed at an upper part 3 d and lower 3 b of the spacer 3.
  • the introduction can thus be done manually and possibly be ended by a few hammer blows applied to the opposite part of the spacer 3 at the heel 12 which then constitutes a reinforcement of this part.
  • element 3 In addition to the form conditions which element 3 must fulfill in order to allow a good adequacy to the under-roof used, it must have sufficient strength to support without permanent deformation the weight of the battens and tiles as well as the possible overload due to snow and wind. Adequate resistance can be given to the elements 3 by giving them a relatively large thickness or by giving them a thickness less important but a complex form.
  • an alternative embodiment ( Figure 5) of the bore 3 e of the cylinder portion constituting the spacer 3 comprises a reinforcing rib 16 of cross-shaped section whose center O is located on the axis YY 'of said cylinder.
  • the rib 16 is preferably a Saint Andrew's cross, the branches 16 a of which are inclined substantially at 45 ° to the vertical, so that the branches 16 a constituting it are not likely to constitute an obstacle to the runoff of water.
  • this gives said spacer 3 a reinforcement which does not oppose the radial deformation of said spacer 3 in compression under the weight of the cleats 5, 9 and the tiles 6, 11 until beyond a useful deformation to its implementation.
  • the cross rib is made on a vertical branch and the other horizontal, as shown in phantom in 16 b on the Figures 4 and 5, for reasons of resistance.
  • This embodiment reduces the element's deformation capacity, but is necessary to resist, without exceeding the elastic limit, a load of around 80 daN per element.
  • the vertical branch 16 b is of a thickness (for example around 3 mm) preferably greater than that of the horizontal branch 16 b (for example around 1 mm).
  • the 12 locking stub may be partially hollowed out 17 a and 17 b, in its face on the side opposite the tubular portion, and between marginal rib and a vertical rib 18 and central 19 which have substantially the same thickness as the vertical leg 16 b of the reinforcing rib internal cross-shaped.
  • the internal cross-shaped rib prevents small animals from entering under the tiles without interfering with ventilation.
  • the support and load distribution element constituted by the spacer 3 is obtained in a single piece by injection molding.
  • the invention makes it possible to use, for producing flat tiled roofs, materials which are specially designed for roofs made of channel tiles while retaining the properties which these sub-roofs present in the context of roofs made of channel tiles. .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
  • Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)

Abstract

A supporting and load-distributing element (3) is disposed between a roof decking (under-roofing) (2) made from corrugated panels and roofing battens (5,9) which are perpendicular to it and which are capable of permitting the fastening of flat tiles. This element (3) consists of a tubular spacer disposed in a concave corrugation (2a) of the roof decking (under-roofing) (2), in contact on the one hand with a roofing batten (5,9) and on the other hand with the bottom of the said concave corrugation (2a). In addition, one end (3a) of the said spacer (3) comprises a retention lug (12) extending radially in order to butt up against a roofing batten (5,9) in an introduction direction (F) directed downwards from the slope of the roof. Application to the production of roofs made from flat tiles. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne un élément de support et de répartition de charges pour toit à tuiles plates.The present invention relates to a support and load distribution element for a flat tiled roof.

On connait des sous-toitures réalisées en des matériaux profilés avec ou sans alternance d'ondes et de zones plates selon des motifs répétés, par exemple celui décrit dans le brevet FR-2.496.551 et commercialisé sous la dénomination "Flexoutuile - Onduline".There are known sub-roofs made of profiled materials with or without alternating waves and flat areas according to repeated patterns, for example that described in patent FR-2,496,551 and marketed under the name "Flexoutuile - Onduline".

Les plaques ondulées du type "Flexoutuile" sont particulièrement destinées aux sous-toitures de toits en tuiles canal. L'utilisation de ce matériau pour constituer la sous-toiture de toits en tuiles canal reçoit une double application. D'une part, il est possible d'utiliser la soustoiture d'une manière traditionnelle avec tuiles de courant plus tuiles de couvert ; d'autre part, il est possible d'éviter l'utilisation de tuiles de courant en se contentant de placer sur les ondulations convexes de la sous-toiture (vue de l'extérieur) seulement des tuiles de couvert. Dans ce cas, on allège pratiquement de moitié le toit et on réalise des économies sur les tuiles.Corrugated sheets of the "Flexoutuile" type are particularly intended for the roofing of roofs with channel tiles. The use of this material to constitute the under-roofing of roofs in channel tiles receives a double application. On the one hand, it is possible to use the roofing in a traditional way with current tiles plus cover tiles; on the other hand, it is possible to avoid the use of current tiles by simply placing on the convex corrugations of the roofing (seen from the outside) only roof tiles. In this case, the roof is almost halved and savings are made on the tiles.

Les sous-toitures réalisées avec de tels matériaux présentent de grandes qualités : d'une part, elles rendent la toiture étanche, et d'autre part, elles garantissent une ventilation naturelle de celle-ci.The sub-roofs made with such materials have great qualities: on the one hand, they make the roof waterproof, and on the other hand, they guarantee a natural ventilation of it.

Il est donc souhaitable d'utiliser ce type de matériaux pour réaliser des sous-toitures destinées à des toits de tuiles plates.It is therefore desirable to use this type of material to make sub-roofs intended for flat tile roofs.

L'utilisation de tuiles plates nécessite la fixation de liteaux sur la sous-toiture afin de pouvoir accrocher ces tuiles à ceux-ci. Cela conduit donc à fixer des liteaux sur une sous-toiture composée de matériaux de forme ondulée.The use of flat tiles requires the fixing of battens on the sub-roof in order to be able to hang these tiles on them. This therefore leads to the fixing of battens on a roofing composed of corrugated materials.

Cependant, la fixation de liteaux sur les plaques ondulées présente de nombreux inconvénients. De par la forme ondulée de la sous-toiture, le poids des liteaux et des tuiles est porté presque entièrement par le sommet des ondulations convexes (vues de l'extérieur de la toiture) qui ont alors tendance à se déformer. De ce fait, la sous-toiture est fragilisée et de plus, la déformation de la plaque ondulée peut empêcher une bonne ventilation de la toiture ainsi que l'écoulement de l'eau éventuellement infiltrée à travers une tuile défectueuse.However, the fixing of battens on the corrugated plates has many disadvantages. Due to the corrugated shape of the roofing, the weight of the battens and tiles is carried almost entirely by the top of the convex undulations (seen from the outside of the roof) which then tend to deform. As a result, the sub-roof is weakened and in addition, the deformation of the corrugated plate can prevent proper ventilation of the roof as well as the flow of water possibly infiltrated through a defective tile.

Pour pallier ces inconvénients, il a déjà été proposé dans la demande de brevet français n° 88 13 445, un élément de support et de répartition de charges pour toit à tuiles plates constitué par une sous-toiture en plaques ondulées dont les ondulations sont disposées sensiblement dans le sens de la pente du toit, et sur lesquelles sont fixés des liteaux sensiblement perpendiculairement au sens de ladite pente du toit, aptes à recevoir les tuiles après interposition d'éléments de support et de répartition de charge entre les liteaux et la sous-toiture à intervalles déterminés.To overcome these drawbacks, it has already been proposed in French patent application n ° 88 13 445, a support element and load distribution for flat tiled roof consisting of a corrugated roofing whose corrugations are arranged substantially in the direction of the slope of the roof, and to which are fixed battens substantially perpendicular to the direction of said slope of the roof, capable of receiving the tiles after interposition of support elements and load distribution between the battens and the under -Roof at determined intervals.

Ce type d'élément connu étant placé chacun en contact d'une part avec un liteau, au niveau d'au moins une ondulation convexe de la sous-toiture (vue de l'extérieur), et d'autre part avec au moins une ondulation concave de la sous-toiture.This type of known element being each placed in contact on the one hand with a strip, at the level of at least one convex undulation of the roofing (seen from the outside), and on the other hand with at least one concave undulation of the roofing.

Chacun de ces éléments connus est placé au contact avec un seul liteau, au niveau d'une seule ondulation convexe de la sous-toiture, et avec chacune des deux ondulations concaves de la sous-toiture qui sont adjacentes à ladite ondulation convexe et de part et d'autre de cette dernière.Each of these known elements is placed in contact with a single batten, at the level of a single convex undulation of the sub-roof, and with each of the two concave undulations of the sub-roof which are adjacent to said convex undulation and share and other of the latter.

De tels éléments, bien que donnant des résultats techniques valables, présentent néanmoins quelques inconvénients.Such elements, although giving valid technical results, nevertheless have some drawbacks.

Tout d'abord, de part leur conception en forme d'étrier en U comportant une zone sensiblement plate et deux branches recourbées vers l'extérieur, ils doivent présenter une concavité correspondant à celle des ondulations desdites plaques ondulées.First of all, due to their U-shaped stirrup design comprising a substantially flat area and two branches curved outwards, they must have a concavity corresponding to that of the corrugations of said corrugated plates.

Ces conformations sont toujours d'un prix de revient élevé.These conformations are always of a high cost price.

Mais surtout, l'inconvénient de ce type d'élément de support et de répartitioin de charges réside essentiellement dans sa mise en oeuvre.But above all, the disadvantage of this type of support element and load distribution essentially lies in its implementation.

En effet, lesdits éléments et les liteaux sont fixés à la sous-toiture en plaques ondulées, voire également à la structure portante du toit (charpente, dalles de béton, etc...), par les mêmes moyens de fixation. Or, cela s'est avéré à l'usage peu commode pour l'installateur, qui doit maîtriser la position de plusieurs pièces en même temps, tout en effectuant l'opération de fixation par clouage, vissage, etc...In fact, said elements and the battens are fixed to the corrugated sub-roofing, or even also to the load-bearing structure of the roof (frame, concrete slabs, etc.), by the same fixing means. However, this turned out to be inconvenient for the installer, who must control the position of several parts at the same time, while performing the fixing operation by nailing, screwing, etc.

La présente invention a pour but de remédier à cet inconvénient, et concerne à cet effet un élément de support et de répartition de charges pour toit à tuiles plates constitué par une sous-toiture en plaques ondulées dont les ondulations sont disposées sensiblement dans le sens de la pente du toit, et sur lesquelles sont fixés des liteaux sensiblement perpendiculairement au sens de ladite pente du toit, aptes à recevoir les tuiles après interposition d'éléments de support et de répartition de charge entre les liteaux et la sous-toiture à intervalles déterminés, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de support et de répartition de charges est constitué d'une entretoise tubulaire disposée dans une ondulation concave de la sous-toiture, en contact d'une part avec un liteau et d'autre part avec le fond de ladite ondulation concave. L'utilisation d'une entretoise tubulaire pour réaliser l'élément de support et de répartition de charges selon l'invention, outre qu'elle permet de bien répartir les charges sur le fond des ondulations concaves de la sous-toiture, a également pour avantage de ne pas empêcher le passage de l'air de ventilation de la toiture.The object of the present invention is to remedy this drawback, and for this purpose relates to a support and load-sharing element for a flat-tiled roof consisting of a corrugated sheet sub-roof, the corrugations of which are arranged substantially in the direction of the slope of the roof, and on which are fixed battens substantially perpendicular to the direction of said slope of the roof, capable of receiving the tiles after interposition of support elements and load distribution between the battens and the sub-roof at determined intervals , characterized in that the support and load distribution element consists of a tubular spacer arranged in a concave undulation of the under-roof, in contact on the one hand with a batten and on the other hand with the bottom of said concave undulation. The use of a tubular spacer to produce the support and load distribution element according to the invention, in addition to allowing the loads to be distributed well over the bottom of the concave undulations of the under-roof, also has the advantage of not preventing the passage of ventilation air from the roof.

Avantageusement, l'entretoise tubulaire le constituant est une portion de cylindre dont une de ses extrémités comporte un talon de retenue s'étendant sensiblement radialement vers l'extérieur dudit cylindre, et apte à venir en butée avec un liteau, dans un sens d'introduction dirigé vers le bas de la pente du toit.Advantageously, the tubular spacer constituting it is a cylinder portion of which one of its ends comprises a retaining heel extending substantially radially towards the outside of said cylinder, and capable of coming into abutment with a batten, in a direction of introduction directed down the slope of the roof.

De préférence, le talon de retenue de l'entretoise est une patte disposée en sailie sur la portion de cylindre, et dont les bords latéraux se confondent avec deux tangeantes parallèles de ladite portion de cylindre.Preferably, the retaining heel of the spacer is a lug arranged in a sailie on the cylinder portion, and whose lateral edges merge with two parallel tangents of said cylinder portion.

Selon une modalité de l'invention, l'entretoise la constituant comporte, à sa partie inférieure opposée au talon de retenue, une gorge longitudinale externe apte à constituer avec le fond d'une ondulation concave un conduit d'évacuation d'eau.According to one embodiment of the invention, the spacer constituting it comprises, at its lower part opposite the retaining heel, an external longitudinal groove capable of constituting, with the bottom of a concave corrugation, a water evacuation conduit.

Selon une autre modalité de l'invention, le diamètre externe de l'entretoise est au moins égal à la distance entre le fond d'une ondulation concave et la face inférieure d'un liteau en regard de ladite ondulation.According to another embodiment of the invention, the external diameter of the spacer is at least equal to the distance between the bottom of a concave corrugation and the lower face of a strip opposite said corrugation.

De préférence, le diamètre externe de l'entretoise est supérieur à la distance entre le fond d'une ondulation concave et la face inférieure d'un liteau en regard de ladite ondulation.Preferably, the external diameter of the spacer is greater than the distance between the bottom of a concave corrugation and the underside of a strip opposite said corrugation.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, l'entretoise est obtenue de façon monobloc par moulage par injection d'une matière thermoplastique apte à lui conférer un pouvoir de déformation élastique radiale en compression.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the spacer is obtained in a single piece by injection molding of a thermoplastic material capable of giving it a power of radial elastic deformation in compression.

Avantageusement, le rayon externe de la portion de cylindre constituant l'entretoise est sensiblement identique au rayon d'une ondulation concave qu'il épouse par contact à sa partie inférieure.Advantageously, the external radius of the portion of cylinder constituting the spacer is substantially identical to the radius of a concave corrugation which it marries by contact at its lower part.

Selon une autre modalité de l'invention, la portion de cylindre constituant l'entretoise comporte, dans son extrémité opposée au talon, une dépouille longitudinale externe apte à faciliter son introduction entre un liteau et une ondulation concave, avec ou sans l'aide d'un marteau.According to another embodiment of the invention, the portion of cylinder constituting the spacer comprises, in its end opposite the heel, a longitudinal draft external able to facilitate its introduction between a strip and a concave undulation, with or without the help of a hammer.

Selon une variante d'exécution, l'alésage de la partie de cylindre constituant l'entretoise comporte une nervure de préférence de section en forme de croix dont le centre se confond avec l'axe dudit cylindre. Une telle nervure de renforcement en forme de croix empêche, sans gêner la ventilation de la toiture, la pénétration de petits animaux, tels que les rongeurs, sous les tuiles de la toiture, ce qui est un autre avantage de l'invention. Il est à noter que les branches de la nervure en forme de croix peuvent être, l'une verticale, et l'autre horizontale, si l'élément est destiné à une toiture devant résister à une surcharge, par exemple de neige. Par contre, pour une toiture sans surcharge, on peut utiliser des éléments selon l'invention munis d'une nervure de renfort interne en forme de croix à branches inclinées d'environ 45° sur la verticale.According to an alternative embodiment, the bore of the cylinder part constituting the spacer comprises a rib preferably of cross-shaped section, the center of which merges with the axis of said cylinder. Such a cross-shaped reinforcing rib prevents, without interfering with the ventilation of the roof, the penetration of small animals, such as rodents, under the tiles of the roof, which is another advantage of the invention. It should be noted that the branches of the cross-shaped rib may be, one vertical, and the other horizontal, if the element is intended for a roof having to withstand an overload, for example of snow. On the other hand, for a roof without overloading, it is possible to use elements according to the invention provided with an internal reinforcing rib in the form of a cross with branches inclined by about 45 ° on the vertical.

Enfin, l'élément de support et de répartition de charges est disposé selon des intervalles déterminés de façon à répartir de manière appropriée la charge des liteaux et des tuiles sur la sous-toiture.Finally, the support and load distribution element is arranged at determined intervals so as to appropriately distribute the load of the battens and tiles on the roofing.

L'invention concerne également un toit en tuiles plates réalisé grâce à de tels éléments de support et de répartition de charges.The invention also relates to a flat tile roof produced by means of such support and load distribution elements.

L'invention sera encore illustrée sans être aucunement limitée, par la description qui suit en fonction des dessins annexés sur lesquels :

  • Figure 1 représente une vue partielle en coupe selon la pente du toit réalisé selon l'invention,
  • Figure 2 est une vue en coupe partielle suivant la ligne II-II de la Figure 1 selon une direction perpendiculaire à la pente du toit,
  • Figure 3 est une vue schématique en perspective montrant un élément de support et de répartition de charges selon l'invention, avant et après sa mise en place,
  • Figures 4 et 5 représentent respectivement des vues en élévation latérale et en bout d'un élément suivant l'invention.
The invention will be further illustrated without being limited in any way, by the description which follows according to the appended drawings in which:
  • FIG. 1 represents a partial sectional view along the slope of the roof produced according to the invention,
  • Figure 2 is a partial sectional view along line II-II of Figure 1 in a direction perpendicular to the slope of the roof,
  • Figure 3 is a schematic perspective view showing a support element and load distribution according to the invention, before and after its installation,
  • Figures 4 and 5 respectively show side elevation and end views of an element according to the invention.

En référence aux figures, on voit que la toiture comprend tout d'abord une structure portante 1. Cette structure portante peut par exemple être une dalle en béton ou en matériaux composites, ou encore une charpente en bois.With reference to the figures, it can be seen that the roof comprises first of all a load-bearing structure 1. This load-bearing structure can for example be a concrete or composite material slab, or even a wooden frame.

Sur cette structure portante 1, sont placées des plaques ondulées 2. Ces plaques 2 sont fixées selon un procédé connu de l'homme de l'art, de façon à réaliser une sous-toiture étanche.Corrugated plates 2 are placed on this bearing structure 1. These plates 2 are fixed according to a method known to those skilled in the art, so as to produce a waterproof under-roof.

Il apparaît clairement que, pour permettre l'écoulement des eaux éventuellement infiltrées, les ondulations des plaques ondulées sont placées sensiblement dans le sens de la pente du toit.It is clear that, to allow the flow of any infiltrated water, the corrugations of the corrugated sheets are placed substantially in the direction of the slope of the roof.

Le toit comprend de plus des liteaux 5 qui sont disposés sensiblement perpendiculairement à la pente du toit. Ces liteaux peuvent être par exemple en bois. Ils permettent d'assurer le positionnement des tuiles sur la soustoiture et surtout ils permettent d'éviter aux tuiles de glisser sur celle-ci. Les intervalles entre les liteaux sont déterminés par la géométrie des tuiles utilisées.The roof further comprises battens 5 which are arranged substantially perpendicular to the slope of the roof. These battens can for example be made of wood. They ensure the positioning of the tiles on the roofing and above all they prevent the tiles from sliding on it. The intervals between the battens are determined by the geometry of the tiles used.

Lorsqu'on utilise des tuiles plates, présentant à une extrémité un décrochement et à l'extrémité opposée des aspérités, le décrochement 7 d'une première tuile 6 est placé en amont et prend appui sur un premier liteau 5. Sur un deuxième liteau 9 adjacent et en aval, est placé le décrochement 10 d'une deuxième tuile 11. La partie 8 comportant des aspérités de la première tuile 6 repose sur la partie amont de la deuxième tuile 11, qui repose elle-même sur le deuxième liteau 9.When using flat tiles, having at one end a recess and at the opposite end of the asperities, the recess 7 of a first tile 6 is placed upstream and rests on a first batten 5. On a second batten 9 adjacent and downstream, the step 10 of a second tile 11 is placed. The part 8 comprising asperities of the first tile 6 rests on the upstream part of the second tile 11, which itself rests on the second batten 9.

Comme on le voit plus précisément sur la Figure 2, entre les liteaux et la sous-toiture sont placés des éléments de support et de répartition de charge 3.As can be seen more precisely in FIG. 2, between the battens and the sub-roof are placed support and load-sharing elements 3.

Chaque élément 3 est constitué d'une entretoise tubulaire disposée dans une ondulation concave 2a de la sous-toiture 2, en contact d'une part avec un liteau 9 ou 5 et d'autre part avec le fond de ladite ondulation concave 2a sur une surface relativement importante de part et d'autre de l'axe XX' de celle-ci.Each element 3 consists of a tubular spacer arranged in a concave corrugation 2 a of the under-roof 2, in contact on the one hand with a batten 9 or 5 and on the other hand with the bottom of said concave corrugation 2 a over a relatively large area on either side of the axis XX 'thereof.

L'élément 3 a une forme adaptée au profil des plaques de la sous-toiture. Dans le présent exemple, il s'agit de plaques à ondulations courbes, mais l'invention pourrait bien entendu s'appliquer à des plaques formant des crénaux de profil quadrangulaire, notamment polygonal.Element 3 has a shape adapted to the profile of the sheets of the roofing. In the present example, these are plates with curved undulations, but the invention could of course be applied to plates forming slots of quadrangular profile, in particular polygonal.

Selon un exemple de réalisation de l'invention applicable aux sous-toitures en plaques ondulées, l'entretoise 3 est réalisée dans une portion de cylindre creux, ceci de manière à ne pas s'opposer au ruissellement de l'eau dans les ondulations, ni au passage de l'air de ventilation de la toiture.According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention applicable to corrugated sheet roofing, the spacer 3 is produced in a portion of hollow cylinder, this so as not to oppose the runoff of water in the corrugations, nor the passage of ventilation air from the roof.

Les dimensions de l'entretoise 3 sont telles à permettre son introduction dans une ondulation concave 2a, après pose des liteaux 5 placés à intervalles déterminés sur la sous-toiture 2 en plaques ondulées.The dimensions of the spacer 3 are such as to allow its introduction into a concave corrugation 2 has, after laying of laths 5 placed at specific intervals on the underroof two corrugated plates.

Les liteaux 5 sont fixés par des vis ou clous 4 sur la seule sous-toiture 2, sensiblement au niveau des sommets convexes 2b, ou bien en traversant celle-ci pour venir se fixer sur la structure portante 1, immobilisant ainsi les liteaux 5 et la sous-toiture 2 par rapport à cette dernière.The battens 5 are fixed by screws or nails 4 on the sole sub-roof 2, substantially at the level of the convex vertices 2b , or else passing through it to be fixed on the supporting structure 1, thus immobilizing the battens 5 and the sub-roof 2 relative to the latter.

Le diamètre externe "D" de la portion de cylindre constituant l'entretoise 3 est au moins égal à la distance "d" entre le fond intérieur d'une ondulation concave 2a et la face inférieure 5a d'un liteau 5 en regard de ladite ondulation, de manière à ce que l'entretoise 3 épouse par contact ledit fond de l'ondulation concave 2a pour constituer une zone de contact symétriquement répartie.The external diameter "D" of the portion of cylinder constituting the spacer 3 is at least equal to the distance "d" between the internal bottom of a concave corrugation 2 a and the lower face 5 a of a facing strip 5 of said corrugation, so that the spacer 3 marries by contact said bottom of the concave corrugation 2 has to form a symmetrically distributed contact area.

De préférence, le diamètre "D" est supérieur à la distance "d", car le but recherché est bien d'éviter que le poids des liteaux 5, 9, etc... et des tuiles 6, 11, etc... constituant le toit soit directement transmis sur la faible surface des sommets des ondes convexes 2b des plaques ondulées 2, de façon à transmettre et à répartir sensiblement tout ce poids sur la structure portante 1 par l'intermédiaire des entretoises 3 en appui par des surfaces plus importantes sur les ondes concaves 2a, elles-mêmes reposant sur la structure portante 1.Preferably, the diameter "D" is greater than the distance "d", because the aim is to prevent the weight of the battens 5, 9, etc ... and the tiles 6, 11, etc ... constituting the roof from being directly transmitted over the small area of the peaks convex waves 2 b of corrugated plates 2, so as to transmit and distribute substantially all this weight on the supporting structure 1 by means of spacers 3 bearing by larger surfaces on the concave waves 2 a , themselves resting on the supporting structure 1.

Ainsi, toute déformation critique des plaques ondulées 2 due au poids des liteaux et des tuiles est pratiquement évitée grâce à la différence "e" entre le diamètre "D" de l'entretoise 3 et la distance "d" entre le fond de l'ondulation concave 2a et le liteau 5.Thus, any critical deformation of the corrugated plates 2 due to the weight of the battens and tiles is practically avoided thanks to the difference "e" between the diameter "D" of the spacer 3 and the distance "d" between the bottom of the concave ripple 2 a and strip 5.

Avantageusement, l'entretoise est réalisée en une matière synthétique telle que le polyéthylène de manière à autoriser sa compression d'une valeur égale à la différence "e", par déformation élastique radiale, en particulier pour des toitures sans surcharge. Cependant, pour des toitures à surcharge, il peut être nécessaire de réduire la capacité de déformation de l'élément afin qu'il résiste, sans dépasser la limite d'élasticité, à une charge élevée pouvant atteindre 80 daN par élément.Advantageously, the spacer is made of a synthetic material such as polyethylene so as to allow its compression by a value equal to the difference "e", by radial elastic deformation, in particular for roofs without overloading. However, for overloaded roofs, it may be necessary to reduce the element's deformation capacity so that it withstands, without exceeding the elastic limit, a high load of up to 80 daN per element.

L'entretoise 3 comporte, à une de ses extrémités, un talon de retenue 12 s'étendant radialement vers l'extérieur du cylindre et apte à venir en butée avec un liteau 5, 9, dans un sens F d'introduction dirigé vers le bas de la pente du toit. Ainsi, les entretoises 3 peuvent être disposées par emmanchement serré sous les liteaux 5, 9, sans aucun moyen de fixation et de manière totalement indépendante de la fixation desdits liteaux.The spacer 3 comprises, at one of its ends, a retaining heel 12 extending radially towards the outside of the cylinder and able to come into abutment with a batten 5, 9, in a direction F of introduction directed towards the down the slope of the roof. Thus, the spacers 3 can be arranged by tight fitting under the battens 5, 9, without any fixing means and completely independently of the fixing of said battens.

Selon le présent exemple de réalisation, le talon de retenue 12 de l'entretoise 3 est une patte disposée en saillie sur la portion de cylindre à une de ses extrémités 3a, et dont les bords latéraux 12a et 12b se confondent avec deux tangeantes parallèles dudit cylindre constituant l'entretoise 3.According to the present exemplary embodiment, the retaining heel 12 of the spacer 3 is a lug projecting from the cylinder portion at one of its ends 3 a , and the lateral edges 12 a and 12 b coincide with two parallel tangents of said cylinder constituting the spacer 3.

L'entretoise 3 comporte à sa partie inférieure 3b, opposée au talon de retenue 12, une gorge longitudinale externe 13 parallèle à l'axe YY' de l'entretoise 3, apte à constituer avec le fond d'une ondulation concave 2a, sur lequel repose l'entretoise 3, un conduit d'évacuation d'eau. Ceci afin d'éviter, lors de faibles ruissellements dus par exemple à la condensation et se rassemblant dans les ondulations, qu'il se produise des accumulations d'eau derrière le seuil 14 formé par l'épaisseur même de la paroi cylindrique de l'entretoise 3.The spacer 3 includes at its lower part 3b, opposite the heel retainer 12, a longitudinal groove external 13 parallel to the axis YY 'of the spacer 3, adapted to constitute the bottom of a concave corrugation 2 has , on which rests the spacer 3, a water discharge conduit. This is to prevent, during small runoffs due for example to condensation and gathering in the undulations, that water accumulations occur behind the threshold 14 formed by the very thickness of the cylindrical wall of the spacer 3.

Afin de faciliter l'introduction de l'entretoise 3 sous les liteaux 5, 9, entre ces derniers et les ondulations concaves de la sous-toiture, la partie d'introduction 3c opposée au talon 12, comporte une dépouille longitudinale 15 formant chanfrein, apte à permettre son introduction aisée entre les liteaux 5, 9 et une ondulation concave 2a, avec ou sans l'aide d'un marteau ou maillet.In order to facilitate the introduction of the spacer 3 under the battens 5, 9, between the latter and the concave undulations of the roofing, the introduction part 3 c opposite the heel 12, comprises a longitudinal relief 15 forming a chamfer , able to allow its easy introduction between the battens 5, 9 and a concave undulation 2 a , with or without the aid of a hammer or mallet.

Dans le présent exemple, la dépouille 15 est double et est constituée par deux plans inclinés 15a et 15b respectivement ménagés à une partie supérieure 3d et inférieure 3b de l'entretoise 3.In the present example, the draft 15 is double and is constituted by two inclined planes 15 a and 15 b respectively formed at an upper part 3 d and lower 3 b of the spacer 3.

L'introduction peut ainsi se faire manuellement et être éventuellement terminée par quelques coups de marteau appliqués sur la partie opposée de l'entretoise 3 au niveau du talon 12 qui constitue alors un renfort de cette partie.The introduction can thus be done manually and possibly be ended by a few hammer blows applied to the opposite part of the spacer 3 at the heel 12 which then constitutes a reinforcement of this part.

Outre les conditions de forme que doit remplir l'élément 3 de façon à permettre une bonne adéquation à la sous-toiture utilisée, il doit présenter une résistance suffisante pour supporter sans déformation permanente le poids des liteaux et des tuiles ainsi que la surcharge éventuelle due à la neige et au vent. On peut conférer une résistance adéquate aux éléments 3 en leur donnant une épaisseur relativement importante ou en leur donnant une épaisseur moins importante mais une forme complexe.In addition to the form conditions which element 3 must fulfill in order to allow a good adequacy to the under-roof used, it must have sufficient strength to support without permanent deformation the weight of the battens and tiles as well as the possible overload due to snow and wind. Adequate resistance can be given to the elements 3 by giving them a relatively large thickness or by giving them a thickness less important but a complex form.

A cet effet, une variante de réalisation (Figure 5) de l'alésage 3e de la portion de cylindre constituant l'entretoise 3 comporte une nervure de renforcement 16 de section en forme de croix dont le centre O est situé sur l'axe YY' dudit cylindre.To this end, an alternative embodiment (Figure 5) of the bore 3 e of the cylinder portion constituting the spacer 3 comprises a reinforcing rib 16 of cross-shaped section whose center O is located on the axis YY 'of said cylinder.

Pour une toiture sans surcharge, construite par exemple dans une zone géographique où les risques de surcharge de neige sont inexistants, la nervure 16 est préférentiellement une croix de Saint André, dont les branches 16a sont inclinées sensiblement à 45° sur la verticale, de manière à ce que les branches 16a la constituant ne risquent pas de constituer un obstacle au ruissellement de l'eau. De plus, cela confère à ladite entretoise 3 un renforcement qui ne s'oppose à la déformation radiale de ladite entretoise 3 en compression sous le poids des tasseaux 5, 9 et des tuiles 6, 11 qu'au-delà d'une déformation utile à sa mise en oeuvre. Par contre, pour les toitures à surcharge, notamment de neige, ou sur lesquelles chaque élément doit suporter une charge élevée, la nervure en croix est réalisée sur un branche verticale et l'autre horizontale, comme représenté en traits mixtes en 16b sur les Figures 4 et 5, pour des raisons de résistance. Cette réalisation réduit la capacité de déformation de l'élément, mais est nécessaire pour résister, sans dépasser la limite élastique, à une charge d'environ 80 daN par élément. A noter que, dans ce cas, la branche verticale 16b est d'une épaisseur (par exemple d'environ 3 mm) de préférence supérieure à celle de la branche 16b horizontale (par exemple d'environ 1 mm). En outre, et comme également représenté en traits mixtes sur les Figures 4 et 5, le talon de retenue 12 peut être partiellement évidé en 17a et 17b, dans sa face tournée du côté opposé à la partie tubulaire, et entre une nervure marginale 18 et une nervure verticale et centrale 19 qui ont sensiblement la même épaisseur que la branche verticale 16b de la nervure de renfort interne en forme de croix. Dans les deux cas, la nervure interne en forme de croix empêche la pénétration des petits animaux sous les tuiles sans gêner la ventilation.For a roof without overload, built for example in a geographical area where the risks of snow overload do not exist, the rib 16 is preferably a Saint Andrew's cross, the branches 16 a of which are inclined substantially at 45 ° to the vertical, so that the branches 16 a constituting it are not likely to constitute an obstacle to the runoff of water. In addition, this gives said spacer 3 a reinforcement which does not oppose the radial deformation of said spacer 3 in compression under the weight of the cleats 5, 9 and the tiles 6, 11 until beyond a useful deformation to its implementation. On the other hand, for overloaded roofs, in particular with snow, or on which each element must bear a high load, the cross rib is made on a vertical branch and the other horizontal, as shown in phantom in 16 b on the Figures 4 and 5, for reasons of resistance. This embodiment reduces the element's deformation capacity, but is necessary to resist, without exceeding the elastic limit, a load of around 80 daN per element. Note that, in this case, the vertical branch 16 b is of a thickness (for example around 3 mm) preferably greater than that of the horizontal branch 16 b (for example around 1 mm). In addition, and as also shown in phantom in Figures 4 and 5, the 12 locking stub may be partially hollowed out 17 a and 17 b, in its face on the side opposite the tubular portion, and between marginal rib and a vertical rib 18 and central 19 which have substantially the same thickness as the vertical leg 16 b of the reinforcing rib internal cross-shaped. In both cases, the internal cross-shaped rib prevents small animals from entering under the tiles without interfering with ventilation.

Enfin, de manière avantageuse, l'élément de support et de répartition des charges constitué par l'entretoise 3 est obtenu de façon monobloc par moulage par injection.Finally, advantageously, the support and load distribution element constituted by the spacer 3 is obtained in a single piece by injection molding.

Il faut bien entendu choisir de façon appropriée le nombre d'éléments de support et de répartition de charge ainsi que leur position afin de répartir de façon adéquate le poids de la toiture sur la sous-toiture. On considère en général que la contrainte exercée par le poids de la toiture sur la sous-toiture ne doit pas dépasser 0,2 MPa.It is of course necessary to choose the number of support and load distribution elements as well as their position in order to distribute the weight of the roof adequately on the sub-roof. It is generally considered that the stress exerted by the weight of the roof on the sub-roof should not exceed 0.2 MPa.

On constate que l'invention permet d'utiliser, pour réaliser des toitures en tuiles plates, des matériaux qui sont spécialement conçus pour des toitures en tuiles canal tout en conservant les propriétés que présentent ces sous-toitures dans le cadre des toitures en tuiles canal.It can be seen that the invention makes it possible to use, for producing flat tiled roofs, materials which are specially designed for roofs made of channel tiles while retaining the properties which these sub-roofs present in the context of roofs made of channel tiles. .

Les signes de référence insérés après les caractéristiques techniques énoncées dans les revendications, ont pour seul but de faciliter la compréhension de ces dernières et ne peuvent avoir en aucun cas pour effet de limiter l'invention au mode particulier de réalisation de l'invention qui vient d'être décrit.The reference signs inserted after the technical characteristics set out in the claims, have the sole purpose of facilitating the understanding of the latter and can in no way have the effect of limiting the invention to the particular embodiment of the invention which comes to be described.

Claims (12)

Elément de support et de répartition de charges pour toit à tuiles plates constitué par une sous-toiture (2) en plaques ondulées dont les ondulations sont disposées sensiblement dans le sens de la pente du toit, et sur lesquelles sont fixés des liteaux (5, 9) sensiblement perpendiculairement au sens de ladite pente du toit, et aptes à recevoir les tuiles (6, 11) après interposition d'éléments de support et de répartition de charge (3) entre les liteaux (5, 9) et la sous-toiture (2) à intervalles déterminés, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de support et de répartition de charges (3) est constitué d'une entretoise tubulaire disposée dans une ondulation concave (2a) de la sous-toiture (2), en contact d'une part avec un liteau (5, 9) et d'autre part avec le fond de ladite ondulation concave (2a).Support and load distribution element for flat tiled roof consisting of a corrugated roofing (2), the corrugations of which are arranged substantially in the direction of the slope of the roof, and on which battens (5, 9) substantially perpendicular to the direction of said slope of the roof, and capable of receiving the tiles (6, 11) after interposition of support and load distribution elements (3) between the battens (5, 9) and the sub- roof (2) at specified intervals, characterized in that the support and load distribution element (3) consists of a tubular spacer placed in a concave corrugation (2 a ) of the under-roof (2), in contact on the one hand with a strip (5, 9) and on the other hand with the bottom of said concave corrugation (2 a ). Elément selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'entretoise tubulaire (3) le constituant est une portion de cylindre dont une de ses extrémités (3a) comporte un talon de retenue (12) s'étendant sensiblement radialement vers l'extérieur dudit cylindre, et apte à venir en butée avec un liteau (5, 9), dans un sens (F) d'introduction dirigé vers le bas de la pente du toit.Element according to claim 1, characterized in that the tubular spacer (3) constituting it is a cylinder portion of which one of its ends (3 a ) comprises a retaining heel (12) extending substantially radially outward of said cylinder, and able to come into abutment with a batten (5, 9), in a direction (F) of introduction directed down the slope of the roof. Elément selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que le talon de retenue (12) de l'entretoise (3) est une patte disposée en sailie sur la portion de cylindre, et dont les bords latéraux (12a, 12b) se confondent avec deux tangeantes parallèles de ladite portion de cylindre.Element according to one of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the locking stub (12) of the strut (3) is a lug disposed sailie on the cylinder portion, and the side edges (12 a, 12 b ) merge with two parallel tangents of said cylinder portion. Elément selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'entretoise (3) le constituant comporte, à sa partie inférieure (3b) opposée au talon de retenue (12), une gorge longitudinale externe (13) apte à constituer avec le fond d'une ondulation concave (2a) un conduit d'évacuation d'eau.Element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spacer (3) constituting it, at its lower part (3 b ) opposite the retaining heel (12), an external longitudinal groove (13) capable of constituting with the bottom of a concave corrugation (2 a ) a water evacuation pipe. Elément selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le diamètre externe (D) de l'entretoise (3) est au moins égal à la distance (d) entre le fond d'une ondulation concave (2a) et la face inférieure (5a) d'un liteau (5) en regard de ladite ondulation (2a).Element according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the external diameter (D) of the spacer (3) is at least equal to the distance (d) between the bottom of a concave corrugation (2 a ) and the underside (5 a ) of strip (5) opposite said undulation (2 a ). Elément selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le diamètre (D) de l'entretoise (3) est supérieur à la distance (d) entre le fond d'une ondulation concave (2a) et la face inférieure (5a) d'un liteau (5) en regard de ladite ondulation (2a).Element according to claim 5, characterized in that the diameter (D) of the spacer (3) is greater than the distance (d) between the bottom of a concave corrugation (2 a ) and the underside (5 a ) a strip (5) opposite said undulation (2 a ). Elément selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'entretoise (3) est obtenue de façon monobloc par moulage par injection d'une matière thermoplastique apte à lui conférer un pouvoir de déformation élastique radiale en compression.Element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spacer (3) is obtained in a single piece by injection molding of a thermoplastic material capable of giving it a power of radial elastic deformation in compression. Elément selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le rayon externe de la portion de cylindre constituant l'entretoise (3) est sensiblement identique au rayon d'une ondulation concave (2a) qu'il épouse par contact à sa partie inférieure (3b).Element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer portion of the cylinder constituting the cross-beam (3) is substantially identical to the radius of a concave corrugation (2a) that his wife contact lower part (3 b ). Elément selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la portion de cylindre constituant l'entretoise (3) comporte, dans sa partie opposée (3c) au talon (12) une dépouille longitudinale externe (15a, 15b) apte à faciliter son introduction entre un liteau (5, 9) et une ondulation concave (2a) avec ou sans l'aide d'un marteau.Element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cylinder portion constituting the spacer (3) comprises, in its part opposite (3 c ) to the heel (12), an external longitudinal relief (15 a , 15 b ) able to facilitate its introduction between a strip (5, 9) and a concave corrugation (2 a ) with or without the help of a hammer. Elément selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'alésage (3e) de la portion de cylindre constituant l'entretoise (3) comporte une nervure (16), de préférence de section en forme de croix dont le centre (O) se trouve sur l'axe (YY') dudit cylindre.Element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bore (3 e ) of the portion of cylinder constituting the spacer (3) comprises a rib (16), preferably of cross-shaped section, the center of which (O) is on the axis (YY ') of said cylinder. Elément selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il est disposé selon des intervalles déterminés de façon à répartir de manière appropriée la charge des liteaux et des tuiles sur la sous-toiture.Element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is arranged at determined intervals so as to distribute the load of the battens and tiles appropriately on the under-roof. Toit en tuiles plates constitué par une sous-toiture (2) en plaques ondulées sur lesquelles sont fixés des liteaux (5, 9) recevant des tuiles (6, 11) et entre les liteaux et la sous-toiture de laquelle sont intercalés des éléments de support et de répartition de charges (3), caractérisé en ce que lesdits éléments (3) sont des entretoises selon l'une des revendications précédentes.Roof in flat tiles constituted by a sub-roof (2) in corrugated plates on which are fixed battens (5, 9) receiving tiles (6, 11) and between the battens and the sub-roof of which elements are interposed support and load distribution (3), characterized in that said elements (3) are spacers according to one of the preceding claims.
EP90403792A 1990-02-28 1990-12-27 Supporting and load distributing element for roof covered with flat tiles, and roof including that element Expired - Lifetime EP0444371B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9002544 1990-02-28
FR9002544A FR2658848B1 (en) 1990-02-28 1990-02-28 LOAD SUPPORT AND DISTRIBUTION ELEMENT FOR FLAT TILE ROOF AND ROOF COMPRISING SAME.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0444371A1 true EP0444371A1 (en) 1991-09-04
EP0444371B1 EP0444371B1 (en) 1994-08-03

Family

ID=9394248

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90403792A Expired - Lifetime EP0444371B1 (en) 1990-02-28 1990-12-27 Supporting and load distributing element for roof covered with flat tiles, and roof including that element

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0444371B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE109537T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69011313T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2658848B1 (en)
PT (1) PT96902A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110186580A1 (en) * 2008-03-03 2011-08-04 Samsung Heavy Ind. Co., Ltd. Reinforcing member for corrugated membrane of lng cargo tank, membrane assembly having the reinforcing member and method for constructing the same

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2755639B1 (en) * 1996-11-12 1999-01-29 Onduline Sa MACHINE FOR REPROFILING OF CORRUGATED MATERIALS

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2993571A (en) * 1957-07-01 1961-07-25 Elgrin C Hawkins Roof anchor
CH384838A (en) * 1961-03-20 1965-02-26 Frieden Ernst Roof battens to hold the tiles
FR2466581A1 (en) * 1979-10-01 1981-04-10 Isopag Ag LATTE FOR ROOF
DE3209348A1 (en) * 1982-03-15 1983-09-22 Helfrecht, Manfred, 8598 Waldershof Water-carrying device for an under-roof foil
DE8632630U1 (en) * 1986-12-05 1987-07-23 Bieber, Heinz, 6339 Bischoffen Fastener

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2993571A (en) * 1957-07-01 1961-07-25 Elgrin C Hawkins Roof anchor
CH384838A (en) * 1961-03-20 1965-02-26 Frieden Ernst Roof battens to hold the tiles
FR2466581A1 (en) * 1979-10-01 1981-04-10 Isopag Ag LATTE FOR ROOF
DE3209348A1 (en) * 1982-03-15 1983-09-22 Helfrecht, Manfred, 8598 Waldershof Water-carrying device for an under-roof foil
DE8632630U1 (en) * 1986-12-05 1987-07-23 Bieber, Heinz, 6339 Bischoffen Fastener

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110186580A1 (en) * 2008-03-03 2011-08-04 Samsung Heavy Ind. Co., Ltd. Reinforcing member for corrugated membrane of lng cargo tank, membrane assembly having the reinforcing member and method for constructing the same
US20150114970A1 (en) * 2008-03-03 2015-04-30 Samsung Heavy Ind. Co., Ltd. Reinforcing member for corrugated membrane of lng cargo tank, membrane assembly having the reinforcing member and method for contructing the same
US20170108169A1 (en) * 2008-03-03 2017-04-20 Samsung Heavy Ind. Co., Ltd. Reinforcing member for corrugated membrane of lng cargo tank, membrane assembly having the reinforcing member and method for constructing the same
US10132446B2 (en) * 2008-03-03 2018-11-20 Samsung Heavy Ind. Co., Ltd Reinforcing member for corrugated membrane of LNG cargo tank, membrane assembly having the reinforcing member and method for constructing the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0444371B1 (en) 1994-08-03
FR2658848B1 (en) 1992-07-03
ATE109537T1 (en) 1994-08-15
DE69011313T2 (en) 1995-01-19
PT96902A (en) 1993-01-29
FR2658848A1 (en) 1991-08-30
DE69011313D1 (en) 1994-09-08

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