FR2680816A1 - WATERPROOF COVERING OF A BUILDING AND ITS APPLICATION METHOD. - Google Patents

Abstract

After placing the ribbed steel sheets (2) on the purlins (1) of the frame, and placing the insulation layer (3) on it, a flexible strip is placed on it, in line with each purlin or a row of flexible plates (4) for connecting the coating, then, on top, washers or rigid strips (5). Self-tapping screws or the like (6) are then inserted through the washers or strips; after passing through the flexible strip or plates, the insulating layer and the ribbed steel sheet, these screws are screwed into the purlins (1). Finally, the sealing coating is put in place while being glued or welded to the bands or flexible plates (4). Application to the covering of industrial buildings.

Description

The present invention relates to a waterproof building cover,

  especially for industrial buildings, of the type comprising ribbed steel sheets placed on parallel elements of the building frame with the waves of these sheets extending perpendicular

  In addition to these elements, an insulating layer, in particular

  formed of adjacent plates, placed on these sheets, a sealing coating covering the insulating layer, and connecting means for holding the three components of the covering together and the

attach to the frame.

  The classic technique of fitting covers

  tures of this type described in D T U 43 3 (French standards) is as follows: the ribbed steel sheets are fixed to the elements (generally the purlins) of the frame, in line with the troughs; the insulating plates are fixed to the ribbed steel sheets by screws or the like, that is to say screws, rivets or studs, the head of which rests on a rigid washer These screws are screwed into the ribbed steel sheets; finally, the waterproofing coating is made integral with the insulation plates by bonding or by welding using a hot source, most often by a flame or air torch, over the entire surface of the

  insulating panels and possibly to the right of the washers

  the screws Alternatively, the covering can be fixed

  by screws in the same way as the insulating plates.

  The wind creates significant efforts to

  pressure and depression, in places, on the roof (eddies, mask effect behind a wall or an emergence of the roof) The forces are exerted on the exterior surface, therefore on the waterproofing coating, which ultimately solicits the load-bearing element and

the structure of the building.

  In order to resist the forces of depression created by the wind, the French standards defined within the framework of DTU 43 3 and the uses provide for a minimum of five fastenings per m 2 of roof, starting from the fact that a fastening screw resists around

900 N at breakout.

  The rupture is located at the level of the bonding of the sealing coating on the washer, or by unbuttoning the fixing head through the washer, or by tearing off the fixing through the ribbed steel sheet The values of rupture are relatively homogeneous, of the order of 900 to 1300 N. In this conventional technique, the large number of fasteners which is necessary makes the implementation long and costly In addition, all the fastenings appear on the underside of the sheets ribbed steel, this

  which is awkward from an aesthetic point of view.

  The object of the invention is to provide cover of the same type which is much faster and

  economical to implement and which does not leave practical-

  do not appear screws or the like on the underside.

  To this end, the subject of the invention is, according to a first embodiment, a waterproof cover of the aforementioned type, characterized in that said connecting means comprise, in line with each of said frame elements and only at these locations of the members covering bonding laid on the insulating layer and comprising a row of flexible plates or a flexible strip; rigid support members placed on the connecting members and comprising a row of washers or a succession of strips; and a row of fixing members, each fixing member passing through a support member, a connecting member, the insulating layer and a sheet of steel

  ribbed and fixed in the corresponding structural element

  laying, each fixing member having a head which bears on the support member; and in that the waterproofing coating is

  fixed only on the connecting members and even

on the supporting members.

  According to other characteristics: each fixing member crosses a raised area of the ribbed sheet steel; the cover includes members for temporarily fixing ribbed steel sheets to the structural members, these members passing through in particular

waves of this sheet.

  According to another embodiment, the cover according to the invention, of the aforementioned type, is

  characterized in that said connecting means comprises

  nent, to the right of each of said frame members and only at these locations: a row of screws or the like fixing the ribbed steel sheets to the frame member, these screws or the like passing in particular each hollow of these sheets ; coating connecting members placed on the insulating layer and comprising a row of flexible plates or a flexible strip; rigid support members placed on the connecting members and comprising a row of washers or a succession of strips; a row of fixing members, each fixing member passing through a support member, a connecting member and the insulating layer and fixing on a raised surface of a ribbed sheet steel, each fixing member having a head which rests on the support member; and in that the waterproofing coating is

  fixed only on the connecting members and even

on the supporting members.

  In this case, preferably, each row of fixing members comprises at least two of these

organs by raised area.

  According to other characteristics, which can be applied to one or the other of the two embodiments above: each fixing member is a self-tapping or self-drilling-tapping screw; the support members have a raised area around or on either side of each head of the fixing member; a rigid sleeve surrounds each fixing member and forms a spacer between the support members and the ribbed steel sheets; each fastener has an upward extension on which is fixed a roofing support; the cover comprises temporary caps with pointed heads adapted to be mounted on said extensions before laying the covering The invention also relates to a process

  installation of such a waterproof cover.

  In the case of a roofing according to the first embodiment described above, this process is characterized by the following sequence of steps: (a) laying ribbed steel sheets on the

  structural elements with sheet metal waves extending

  dant perpendicular to these elements, and, if necessary

  re, these sheets are fixed to the structural elements, in particular by means of screws or the like which pass through hollow waves; (b) part of the insulating layer is placed on the ribbed steel sheets; (c) on this layer, we place, at the right of

  each structural element it covers, and uni-

  only at these locations, a row of flexible plates, or a flexible strip, intended for the connection of the covering; (d) a row of rigid washers or a succession of rigid support strips is placed on the plates or the strip; (E) fixing members are introduced through the washers or the strips which, after having passed through the plates or the strip and then the insulating layer, pass through the ribbed steel sheets and then fix themselves in the structural element; (f) repeating operations (b) to (e) over the entire extent of the cover; and (g) the sealing coating is placed on the assembly thus produced, while fixing it, in particular by gluing or welding, on the flexible plates or strip and possibly on the washers or the strips. In the case of a covering according to the second embodiment described above, the laying method according to the invention is characterized by the following sequence of steps: (a) laying of ribbed steel sheets on the elements of frame with the waves of these sheets extending perpendicular to these elements, and these sheets are fixed on the frame elements, in particular by means of screws or the like which pass through hollow waves; (b) part of the insulating layer is placed on these ribbed steel sheets; (c) on this layer, we place, at the right of

  each structural element it covers and unifies

  only at these locations, a row of flexible plates each located at the level of an elevated range of ribbed steel sheets, or a flexible strip, intended for the connection of the coating; (d) a row of rigid washers is placed on the wafers or the strip, each located at the level of an elevated surface of the ribbed steel sheets, or a succession of rigid support strips; (e) fixing members are introduced through the washers or the strips which, after having passed through the plates or the strip and then the insulating layer, are fixed in said raised areas; (f) repeating operations (b) to (e) over the entire extent of the cover; and (g) the sealing coating is placed on the assembly thus produced, while fixing it, in particular by gluing or welding, on the flexible plates or strip and possibly on the washers or the strips. Examples of embodiments of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a perspective view of a waterproof cover according to the invention, during installation, in two variant layouts in work; Figures 2 and 3 are sectional views

  taken along a failure of the frame, respect-

  vement along lines II-II and III-III of Figure 1, full coverage; Figure 4 is a plan view, with parts broken away, of the object of Figure 2; Figure 5 is an enlarged view taken in section along the line V-V of Figure 2 or Figure 3; Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 2 of another embodiment of the cover according to the invention; Figure 7 is a sectional view taken along line VII-VII of Figure 6; Figure 8 is a view similar to Figure 5 of another embodiment of the cover according to the invention, provided with a roofing; and

  Figure 9 is a long sectional view

  tudinal of an accessory usable in the mode of

realization of Figure 8.

  The building cover shown without its waterproof coating in Figure 1 is placed on

  a series of failures in parallel frames 1

  killed by vertical I-shaped irons It is made up

  of ribbed steel sheets 2 whose waves are perpendicular

  rings with purlins, thermally insulating plates 3 rectangular, more or less compressible, arranged contiguously, with members 4 for connecting the covering,

  support members 5, and fixing screws 6.

  The ribbed steel sheets 2 define raised areas 7 of relatively large width and much narrower wave valleys 8 with flanks 9 strongly

  inclined and fully 10 parallel to ranges 7.

  The connecting members 4 are relatively

  flexible and have, at least on their upper surface,

  a material compatible with that of the coating

  sealing for bonding or welding thereof.

  It may be a strip, continuous or consisting of successive sections, or plates, as illustrated respectively in the right part and in the left part of FIG. 1, of thin metal coated with an appropriate material or made of the same material as the waterproofing coating and provided with a tear and tensile-resistant reinforcement The width of this strip, or the size of the plates,

  can be of the order of 0.15 to 0.20 m.

  The support members 5 are rigid members, in particular made of sheet steel at least 1 mm thick, protected against corrosion, for example by galvanization. It may be a succession of strips of elongated shape or of washers, as illustrated respectively in the right part and in the left part of Figure 1 The diameter of the washers

  can be of the order of 60 mm and the width of the sheets

  lards of the order of 40 mm These dimensions are in any case considerably smaller than the width of the strip

  flexible 4 or the size of flexible pads 4 -

  As can be seen in FIGS. 2, 3 and 5, each washer can have a deep-drawn cup 11 having approximately the same height as the heads 12 of the screws 6, and

  each strip can have two longitudinal ribs

  nales 11 having a height of the same order.

  The screws 6 have a length greater than the sum of the thickness of the wings 13 of the purlins, the height of the ribbed steel sheets 2 and the thickness of the plates 3 They have, from their head 12, a portion smooth 14 whose length is greater than the sum of the thicknesses of the plates 3 and of the sheet 2, then a threaded part 15 and a tip 16 self-tapping or self-tapping-tapping Alternatively, the screws 6 could

  be threaded over their entire height.

  The installation of this cover is carried out from the

next way.

  (a) The ribbed steel sheets 2 are placed on the purlins and, if necessary, their temporary fixing is ensured on these purlins by means of fastening members 17 (Figures 2 and 3) arranged in certain recesses

wave 8.

  (b) We put a number of plates

insulating 3.

  (c) In line with a breakdown 1 overlapped by these plates, there is a row of plates 4 or a flexible strip 4 If plates are used, they are placed directly above the areas 7 of the sheets 2, for example at due to one every four tracks or every two tracks. (d) On each plate we put a washer, or on each strip 4 we put straps or a row of washers 5 located as indicated above

for platelets 4.

  (e) A screw 6 is screwed into each washer or else to corresponding locations of the strips 5 These screws pass through the plates or the strip 4, the plate 3 and the pads 7 concerned, then are screwed into the upper branch of the purlin, with their head 12 resting on a washer or a strip 5 In the case of the use of strips 5, these can

  be pre-drilled to facilitate the introduction of the screws 6.

  (f) The operations (b) to (e) are repeated for all the failures overlapped by the plates 3 already in

  place, then for the other parts of the cover.

  (g) Finally, the waterproof coating is unwound

  chewiness 18, made of a flexible synthetic material such as PVC or a bituminous product, while fixing it by gluing or welding on the plates or the strip 4

  and possibly on washers or strips 5.

  Of course, the strips of the waterproofing coating are

  glued or welded together in their overlap areas

  is lying. This provides an easy-to-install waterproof cover in which the fixing screws are

  practically invisible In addition, the rearranging efforts

  due to the wind exerted on the waterproofing coating are directly transmitted to the purlins 1 by means of the fixing screws 6, the coating not being fixed to the insulating plates 3 or to the sheets

ribbed steel 2.

  It should also be noted: on the one hand, that the length of the screws 6 is not critical, so that the same screws can be used with a wide variety of ribbed steel sheets and thicknesses of insulating plates;

  on the other hand, that efforts to compress

  Zion (due to wind and operating loads such as water, snow, maintenance circulation) are exerted on the waterproofing coating then are transmitted to the thermal insulation plates 3, then are transmitted to the ribbed steel sheets 2, without requiring fixing thereof, then to the purlins 1 The ribbed steel sheets are therefore calculated as a function of these compression forces alone and of the spacing between the purlins 1, and not

  according to the vacuum loads due to the wind.

  The tensile strength of the screws 6 depends on the spacing of the purlins, the vacuum forces due to the wind (and therefore on the geographic region) and on the spacing between the screws above the same purlin. France, for distances between purlins of 3 m and between fixings on the same purlin of approximately 0.50 m (every two waves of sheet metal 2), the tensile strength of screws 6 will not be less than 3000 N and will preferably be 5000 N with a coefficient of

security in the range of 1.5.

  In general, the components 4 to 6 of the cover are dimensioned so as to obtain everywhere an approximate homogeneity of the tensile and / or tear performances with respect to the tearing forces perpendicular to the roof or parallel to this: tensile strength between screws 6 and purlins, tensile strength between heads 12

  screws 6 and washers or strips 5, resist

  tensile strength, perpendicular to the roof, between the plates or the strip 4 and the washers or the strips 5, tear resistance between the

  pads or bands 4 and the screw rod 6, opposite

  screw forces parallel to the roof, resistance of bonding or welding between the waterproofing coating and the plates or strips 4 and / or the washers or

the straps 5.

  The bowl or ribs 11 of the organs

  support 5 reduce the risk of perforation of the cover

  sealing by the heads of the screws 6.

  As shown in phantom in Figure, the screws 6 can pass through a tubular metal spacer 19 interposed between the upper face of the ribbed steel sheet 2 and the assembly 4-5 This makes it possible to avoid, under the effect of the maintenance circulation, the perforation of the waterproofing coating by the fixing heads 12, especially with insulation plates

  thermal 3 flexible and compressible.

  The embodiment of Figures 6 and 7

  differs from the previous one in that the efforts of ar-

  rachement are transmitted to the purlins 1 indirectly, through the ribbed steel sheets For this, the sheets 2, which are made more rigidly than before, are fixed firmly to the purlins, by means of fasteners 17 provided in each wave trough, and the number of screws 6 is increased, for example, as shown, to two per range 7 Such an arrangement

  can be interesting in regions with little wind.

  The embodiment of Figure 8 differs from that of Figures 1 to 5 in two aspects: on the one hand, the washers 5 are flat and welded to the rod of the screws 6 On the other hand, these screws have, above of the washer 5, an extension 20 which crosses the

  waterproof coating and which protrudes slightly above

  above this This extension is threaded and receives by screwing the tapped lower sleeve 21 of a support 22 The upper part 23 of this support is threaded, and on it is screwed, at an adjustable height, a plate 24 A smooth 25 is fixed on all the plates 24 of the same row, and a roof 26 having essentially an aesthetic, non-watertight purpose, is

fixed on the beams 25.

  In this embodiment, to facilitate the installation of the waterproofing coating, one can start by screwing on the extensions 20 a temporary plug 26 with a pointed head as shown in FIG. 9 These plugs easily perforate the coating 18, and can then be removed to allow screwing

supports 22.

  In the embodiment of Figure 8, the sealing of the cover is obtained by bonding or welding the coating 18 on the elements

  4 and 5, all around the extension 20 of each screw 6.

  Alternatively, in each of the embodiments described above, the support members 5 can be integral with the connecting members 4 or even integral with them, especially when the members

  4 are made of coated metal.

Claims (8)

  1 watertight building covering, in particular for an industrial building, of the type comprising ribbed steel sheets (2) placed on parallel elements (1) of the building frame with the waves of these sheets extending perpendicular to these elements, a   insulating layer (3), in particular formed of adjacent plates   tes, arranged on these sheets, a sealing coating (18) covering the insulating layer, and connecting means (4 to 6) to hold the three components (2, 3, 18) of the cover together and fix them to the frame, characterized in that said connecting means comprise, in line with each of said frame elements (1) and only at these locations: covering connecting members (4) placed on the insulating layer (3) and comprising a row of flexible pads (4) or a flexible strip (4); rigid support members (5) placed on the connecting members (4) and comprising a row of washers or a succession of strips; and a row of fixing members (6), each fixing member passing through a support member (5), a connecting member (4), the insulating layer (3) and a ribbed sheet steel (2) and fixing in the corresponding frame element (1), each fixing member (6) having a head (12) which bears on the support member (5); and in that the sealing coating (18) is fixed only on the connecting members (4) and   possibly on the support members (5).   2 Cover according to claim 1, characterized in that each fixing member (6) crosses a raised surface (7) of the steel sheet ribbed (2).   3 Cover according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises members (17) for temporary fixing of the ribbed steel sheets (2) on the structural members (1), these members passing through   in particular wave hollows (8) of this sheet.   4 Watertight building cover, in particular for industrial buildings, of the type comprising ribbed steel sheets (2) placed on parallel elements (1) of the building frame with the waves of these sheets extending perpendicular to these elements, a   insulating layer (3), in particular formed of adjacent plates   tes, arranged on these sheets, a sealing coating (18) covering the insulating layer, and connecting means (4 to 6) to hold the three components (2, 3, 18) of the cover together and fix them to the frame, characterized in that said connecting means comprise, in line with each of said frame elements (1) and only at these locations: a row of screws or the like (17) fixing the ribbed steel sheets (2) on the structural element (1), these screws or the like passing in particular through each wave trough (8) of these sheets; covering connecting members (4) placed on the insulating layer (3) and comprising a row of flexible plates (4) or a flexible strip (4); rigid support members (5) placed on the connecting members (4) and comprising a row of washers or a succession of strips; a row of fixing members (6), each fixing member passing through a support member (5), a connecting member (4) and the insulating layer (3) and fixing on a raised surface (7) d 'A ribbed steel sheet, each fixing member (6) having a head (12) which bears on the support member (5); and in that the sealing coating (18) is fixed only on the connecting members (4) and   possibly on the support members (5).   Cover according to claim 4, characterized in that each row of fixing members (6) comprises at least two of these members per raised area (7). 6 Cover according to any one of   claims 1 to 5, characterized in that each   fixing member (6) is a self-tapping or self-tapping screw. 7 Cover according to any of   claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the organs   support (5) have a raised area (11) around or on either side of each head (12) of the fixing (6).   8 Cover according to any of   Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a sleeve   rigid (19) surrounds each fixing member (6) and forms a spacer between the support members (5) and the ribbed steel sheets (2).   9 Cover according to any one of   claims 1 to 8, characterized in that each   fastening member (6) has a pro   long (20) on which is fixed a support (22) of over-roof (26).   10 Cover according to claim 9,   characterized in that it includes pro-   pointed head visors (26) adapted to be mounted on said extensions (20) before laying the covering (18).   Il Method of laying on parallel elements (1) of the frame of a building, a cover comprising ribbed steel sheets (2), a   insulating layer (3), in particular formed of adjacent plates   tes, arranged on these sheets, and a waterproof coating   chéité (18) covering the insulating layer, characterized by the following sequence of steps: (a) we place ribbed steel sheets (2) on the frame elements (1) with the waves of these sheets extending perpendicularly to these elements, and, if necessary, these sheets are fixed to the structural elements, in particular by means of screws or the like (17) which pass through hollow waves (8); (b) part of the insulating layer (3) is placed on the ribbed steel sheets (2); (c) on this layer, a row of flexible plates (4) or a flexible strip (4), intended for the connection, is placed, in line with each structural element (1) that it covers and only at these locations coating; (d) a row of rigid washers or a succession of rigid support strips (5) is placed on the plates or the strip (4); (e) fixing members (6) are introduced through the washers or the strips (5) which, after passing through the plates or the strip (4) then the insulating layer (3), pass through the ribbed steel sheets then are fixed in the frame element (1); (f) repeating operations (b) to (e) over the entire extent of the cover; and (g) installing the waterproofing covering (18)   on the assembly thus produced, while fixing it, in particular   by gluing or welding, on the flexible plates or strip (4) and possibly on the washers or the strips (5).   12 Method of laying on parallel elements (1) of the frame of a building, a cover comprising ribbed steel sheets (2), a   insulating layer (3), in particular formed of adjacent plates   tes, arranged on these sheets, and a waterproof coating   chéité (18) covering the insulating layer, characterized by the following sequence of steps (a) we place ribbed steel sheets (2) on the structural elements (1) with the waves of these sheets extending perpendicular to these elements, and these sheets are fixed to the structural elements, in particular by means of screws or the like (17) which pass through hollow waves (8); (b) part of the insulating layer (3) is placed on these ribbed steel sheets (2); (c) on this layer, we place, in line with each frame element (1) that it covers and only at these locations, a row of plates   flexible (4) each located at the right of an elevated beach   vee (7) of ribbed steel sheets, or a flexible strip (4), intended for the connection of the covering; (d) a row of rigid washers (5) is placed on the plates or the strip (4) each located at the level of an elevated surface (7) of ribbed steel sheets, or a succession of rigid support strips (5);   (e) fixing members (6) are introduced through the washers or the strips (5) which, after having passed through the plates or the strip (4) then the insulating layer (3), are fixed in said raised areas; (f) repeating operations (b) to (e) over the entire extent of the cover; and (g) installing the waterproofing covering (18)   on the assembly thus produced, while fixing it, in particular   by gluing or welding, on the flexible plates or strip (4) and possibly on the washers or the strips (5).