EP0432628B1 - Verfahren zur Haltbarkeitssteigerung von feuerfesten Gefässzustellungen - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Haltbarkeitssteigerung von feuerfesten Gefässzustellungen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0432628B1
EP0432628B1 EP90123340A EP90123340A EP0432628B1 EP 0432628 B1 EP0432628 B1 EP 0432628B1 EP 90123340 A EP90123340 A EP 90123340A EP 90123340 A EP90123340 A EP 90123340A EP 0432628 B1 EP0432628 B1 EP 0432628B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
stone
stones
refractory
layers
vessel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90123340A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0432628A1 (de
Inventor
Paul-Gerhard Mantey
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rio Tinto Services Ltd
Original Assignee
CRA Services Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by CRA Services Ltd filed Critical CRA Services Ltd
Publication of EP0432628A1 publication Critical patent/EP0432628A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0432628B1 publication Critical patent/EP0432628B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/0003—Linings or walls
    • F27D1/004—Linings or walls comprising means for securing bricks
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/44—Refractory linings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/04—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs characterised by the form, e.g. shape of the bricks or blocks used

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a refractory deflecting stone, a vessel with a refractory lining for liquid metal melts and a method for increasing the durability of refractory vessel inlets.
  • the vessels in which the molten metal is located are provided with a refractory lining to protect the steel structures from high temperatures.
  • These refractory deposits made of one or more layers of refractory bricks of the same or different qualities can be found in the reactor vessels for the metallurgical processes themselves, as well as in the transport vessels and the aftertreatment units.
  • the steelmaking converters can be listed according to the various oxygen blowing processes, hearth furnaces, pig iron and steel transport pans, including pans for secondary metallurgy, as well as coal gas reactors and vessels for the various smelting reduction processes.
  • the lining is built in the form of stone rings from commercially available formats that are wedge-shaped in one direction. These stone formats are preferably the so-called transverse arch or all-arch. The stone heights are the same, and in this way cylindrical vessels can be fed ring by ring without any problems.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to significantly improve or completely avoid the disadvantages of the known brickwork for inclined or conical walls, namely the premature wear of the refractory bricks in the transition area from the horizontal to the oblique stone laying, and moreover a more favorable adaptation to allow the walling to the contour of the vessel and to enable smoother transitions from horizontal to oblique stone laying, in order to increase the durability of the refractory vessel lining.
  • the invention accordingly relates, on the one hand, to fireproof deflection stones with six surfaces, as defined in claim 1.
  • Preferred embodiments result from subclaims 2 to 4.
  • the invention further relates to a vessel with a refractory lining for liquid metal melts, the vessel having at least two wall areas of different inclinations and a transition area in between, as defined in claim 5.
  • the invention further relates to a method for increasing the durability of refractory vessel inlets for vessels with a transition region between two vessel regions of different inclination as defined in claim 6.
  • Preferred embodiments result from subclaims 7 and 8.
  • the method according to the invention is suitable for the refractory delivery of all types of reaction vessels for liquid metals, in particular iron smelting, in particular steel production converters, hearth furnaces, transport pans, coal gas reactors and vessels for smelting reduction processes.
  • a further, essential feature of the present invention is to bring about the inclined position of the bricking step by step, preferably with small changes in angle, in each deflecting stone layer. It has turned out to be particularly advantageous to keep the angle changes for each deflecting stone position smaller than 5 °. For example, a total incline of 20 ° can be created for bricking out of commercially available stones with six to ten deflecting stone layers.
  • the inclined installation of commercially available stones is usually between 25 and 40 ° and in particular between 5 and 25 ° to the horizontal. With the commercially available Stones are mostly so-called cross-vaults, semi-vaults and all-vaults as well as rectangular stones.
  • the method according to the invention allows the use of deflection stones with a small inclination angle of less than 5 °, preferably 1 to 4 ° and in particular 2 ° to 3 °, and it is therefore possible to use them To produce deflection stones like the usual stone formats on the known stone presses. Even the required changes to the molds are not very complex and can be carried out at low cost for the small inclination angles.
  • the inclined position for the installation of the commercially available formats can be brought about by a corresponding number of deflecting stones according to the invention, for example from two to 25 deflecting stone layers, depending on the desired total inclined position.
  • a corresponding number of deflecting stones according to the invention for example from two to 25 deflecting stone layers, depending on the desired total inclined position.
  • This combination of stone layers made of deflecting stones and commercially available formats enables a particularly slow transfer from, for example, horizontal stone laying to the inclined installation of the stone layers.
  • this combination according to the invention of deflecting stone layers with layers of commercially available stones also allows specific changes in the inclined position when laying the stone. For example, an angle of 5 ° for the installation of any number of layers of commercially available stones can be achieved by two deflection stone layers, and this inclination can then be reinforced by further deflection stone layers.
  • the adjustment of the brick lining to the vessel contours given by the steel sheet casing can be controlled within certain limits. Gradual transitions from one inclined position to another or, as more frequently used, from the horizontal installation position to an inclined position in comparison with abrupt changes in the angle when laying the stone have proven to improve durability for the refractory material. For example, the wear pattern of the brick lining in the transition area from the lower cone to the cylindrical wall part could be improved in a very advantageous manner in a converter.
  • the method according to the invention When lining an iron bath reactor for carrying out experiments to reduce melting, the method according to the invention has proven to be particularly flexible and adaptable to changes in the inner contour of the lining, without taking into account the outer shape of the vessel. Desired changes to the inner shape of the vessel, with this horizontal, cylindrical converter vessel, could be achieved by appropriate changes in the lining.
  • the inclined installation of stone layers according to the method according to the invention allowed conical tapering in this cylindrical vessel, for example in order to reduce the area for the iron smelting in the converter.
  • the desired inclined position of the commercially available stones with several deflecting stone layers these changes in the inner contour of the vessel could be carried out in an advantageous manner.
  • the deflection stone according to the invention for carrying out the method according to the invention should only have an angle of inclination of one surface, based on the opposite surface, of 0.5 ° to a maximum of 5 °.
  • An angle of inclination of the order of 1 ° to 4 ° and in particular of 2 ° to 3 ° is preferred.
  • these small angles of inclination make it possible to produce the deflection blocks on the known presses. This means that very uniform technological values are achieved across the entire stone cross-section.
  • the redirection stones in their chemical and technological production data are equivalent to the standard stone formats.
  • the difference between the narrow and the wide stone side is at an inclination angle of approximately 2.8 ° and a stone length of 500 mm, approximately 25 mm, and a stone length of 900 mm for this difference measure 40 mm, with an inclination angle of approx. 2.5 °.
  • the stone height for the converter cross vault formats is preferably 100 mm, and for a stone length of 500 mm, the difference dimension of 25 mm can be used to increase the stone height of 125 mm on one side or to Reduce to 75 mm.
  • deflection stones with stone heights of 100 mm in the middle of the stone have proven to be particularly useful. With these deflecting stones, half of the total difference is taken into account on the opposite stone sides when producing stones.
  • the joints between the stones of a layer open in a wedge shape.
  • the vertical joints between the individual stones open up in a wedge shape when it is laid at an incline.
  • the base width of this wedge-shaped joint is, for example, 3 mm in the case of a transverse arch with an inclination of 20 ° and the usual stone height of 100 mm.
  • the joints that open on one side have surprisingly not led to any difficulties in practice.
  • the application of the method according to the invention is independent of the stone quality used.
  • All known stone qualities of any chemical composition, bond and density can be processed by the method according to the invention.
  • these can be firebricks or stones with higher fire resistance, such as sillimanite, mullite, and corundum stones of different qualities.
  • Stone qualities with greater thermal expansion such as, for example, dolomite and / or magnesite stones of different quality levels with ceramic, pitch or synthetic resin bonding, can be installed particularly advantageously by the process according to the invention.
  • Dolomite stones and mainly magnesite stones, also with different carbon enrichments up to 22% residual carbon content can be successfully laid, for example, in the converter for steel production using the method according to the invention.
  • the method according to the invention has proven to be particularly advantageous for lining the reaction vessels for smelting reduction and coal gasification.
  • ceramic-bonded magnesite chrome stones of different sintered quality, melt-cast refractory building materials and picrochromite stones can also be used. Stones with sheet metal cladding also proved to be suitable.
  • the present invention it has been possible to surprisingly increase the durability of refractory lining by the inclined installation of the refractory bricks according to the invention.
  • the inclined position of the stones is gradually brought about by deflecting stones, which can be easily manufactured on conventional stone presses due to their small inclination angle of less than 5 °.
  • locally leading wear points in the deflecting stone layers are further avoided, and the gradual gradual introduction of the stone inclined position results in softer transitions with increased durability in the critical transition zones with known delivery technology.
  • the controlled flexibility in the adaptation of the vessel lining to the specified sheet steel contour and also in the setting of the vessel inner contours independently of the sheet steel jacket are further advantages of the method according to the invention.
  • the section shown in Figure 1 through half of a portion of a rotationally symmetrical drum reactor shows the steel sheet 1 and the two-layer structure of the refractory lining. It consists of the insulating layer 2 and the wear layer 3 .
  • the half-sided The vessel part shown consists of a cylindrical section 28 with the large inside diameter 4 of 3 m and the second cylindrical section 29 with the smaller inside diameter 5 of 2.2 m. These two cylindrical vessel regions 28, 29 are connected by a conical region 30 with an inclination angle 6 of 20 °.
  • the wear stones 7 in the larger cylindrical part are transverse arches with a stone length of 500 mm, mixed from the formats 50/36 and 50/60 for each ring layer.
  • deflecting stones 8 which are also transverse arches in their basic format, but have a second wedge of approximately 3 ° in the axial direction of the vessel.
  • deflecting stones 10 which are also transverse arches in their basic format, but have a second wedge of approximately 3 ° in the axial direction of the vessel.
  • deflecting stones 10 there are again eight layers of deflecting stones 10 , the wedge shape of which is also 3 ° in the direction of the vessel axis, but in the opposite direction to that of the deflecting stones 8 .
  • the wall of the smaller cylindrical part 29 with cross vaults 11 of the same types as the cross vaults 7 but in an adapted mixing ratio, is delivered.
  • the lining of the vessel contour follows in a well-adapted, soft lines. The usual steps from ring to ring in the conical area of the wall are omitted.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example of a deflecting stone according to the invention, with six surfaces 22-27.
  • a first surface 22 defines a plane, to which four side surfaces 24-27 are arranged.
  • a second surface 23 is inclined at an angle of 3 ° with respect to the first surface 22.
  • the deflecting stone 8, 10 according to the invention is based on a basic transverse arch format, for example a converter stone with the usual format designation 50/36.
  • the dimensions for the basic transverse arch format are 100 mm, 16 168 mm and the length 17 500 mm for the marking numbers in FIG. 2, 13, 132 mm, 14 and 15, respectively.
  • the dimensions 13 , 14 , 16 and 17 remain the same in the case shown.
  • the dimension 15 increases according to 19 by 26 mm and then results in a height 18 of 126 mm. This results in an inclination angle 21 of 3 °.
  • an inclined position per ring of 3 ° is achieved in the case of ring-wise laying.
  • the wedge-shaped portion 19 is applied to the original transverse arch height 14 and 15 .
  • the amount 14 or 15 can be reduced by the amount 19 with the same goal.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment in the sense of the method according to the invention consists in maintaining the original stone height 14 or 15 in the middle 20 of the stone and distributing the entire wedge amount 19 in equal parts over the height 14 and 15 .
  • Stones of this advantageous dimensioning make it possible to combine deflecting stones in a closed stone ring with commercially available transverse arches and in this way to lay only partial areas of a ring with a sloping stone.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
  • Slide Fasteners, Snap Fasteners, And Hook Fasteners (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Details Of Garments (AREA)
  • Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
  • Inorganic Insulating Materials (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
EP90123340A 1989-12-08 1990-12-05 Verfahren zur Haltbarkeitssteigerung von feuerfesten Gefässzustellungen Expired - Lifetime EP0432628B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3940575 1989-12-08
DE3940575A DE3940575A1 (de) 1989-12-08 1989-12-08 Verfahren zur haltbarkeitssteigerung von feuerfesten gefaesszustellungen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0432628A1 EP0432628A1 (de) 1991-06-19
EP0432628B1 true EP0432628B1 (de) 1995-03-01

Family

ID=6395057

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90123340A Expired - Lifetime EP0432628B1 (de) 1989-12-08 1990-12-05 Verfahren zur Haltbarkeitssteigerung von feuerfesten Gefässzustellungen

Country Status (19)

Country Link
US (1) US5316268A (ja)
EP (1) EP0432628B1 (ja)
JP (1) JPH08289B2 (ja)
KR (1) KR930005888B1 (ja)
CN (1) CN1019758B (ja)
AT (1) ATE119209T1 (ja)
AU (1) AU633999B2 (ja)
BR (1) BR9006243A (ja)
CA (1) CA2031271C (ja)
CS (1) CS611290A3 (ja)
DE (2) DE3940575A1 (ja)
DK (1) DK0432628T3 (ja)
ES (1) ES2068976T3 (ja)
HU (1) HU210999B (ja)
NZ (1) NZ236331A (ja)
PL (1) PL167827B1 (ja)
RU (1) RU2098731C1 (ja)
TR (1) TR26573A (ja)
ZA (1) ZA909615B (ja)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT405570B (de) * 1992-01-31 1999-09-27 Veitsch Radex Ag System von formatsteinen zur ausmauerung von kalottenböden
BE1008047A3 (fr) * 1994-02-25 1996-01-03 Fib Services Sa Procede de reparation et/ou de construction partielle a chaud d'installations industrielles comprenant une structure en materiaux refractaires et element prefabrique utilise.
CN101251335B (zh) * 2008-04-01 2010-06-09 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 转炉炉衬的螺旋砌筑方法
US8176859B2 (en) * 2009-01-22 2012-05-15 General Electric Company Refractory brick and tapered mortar joint
US10533802B2 (en) * 2009-07-08 2020-01-14 Macrae Technologies, Inc. Furnace bricks, coolers, and shells/bindings operating in systemic balance
DE102009056219A1 (de) * 2009-11-28 2011-06-01 Sms Siemag Ag Befestigungssystem für metallurgische Gefäße
JP6310610B1 (ja) * 2017-12-06 2018-04-11 黒崎播磨株式会社 れんがのライニング方法
CN108971471B (zh) * 2018-08-21 2021-06-18 北京利尔高温材料股份有限公司 一种无碳钢包复合包底施工工艺
CN112361821A (zh) * 2020-11-10 2021-02-12 山东鲁阳节能材料股份有限公司 一种耐火纤维整体模块的安装方法
RU2758600C1 (ru) * 2021-01-17 2021-11-01 Акционерное общество «ЕВРАЗ Нижнетагильский металлургический комбинат» (АО «ЕВРАЗ НТМК») Способ футеровки кислородного конвертера

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1029400B (de) * 1951-11-19 1958-05-08 Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech Bessemer- oder Thomaskonverter mit vergroesserter peripherischer Blasflaeche des Blasbodens
LU45232A1 (ja) * 1963-01-18 1964-03-16
US3274742A (en) * 1963-02-07 1966-09-27 Gen Refractories Co Refractory wall construction
US3350085A (en) * 1963-10-28 1967-10-31 Detrick M H Co Refractory lining for conical portion of a furnace and brick therefor
US3463865A (en) * 1967-01-03 1969-08-26 Edward M Sarraf Refractory block for annular linings
US3635459A (en) * 1968-02-29 1972-01-18 Arrigo Mare Refractory brick having oblique surface
US3603050A (en) * 1969-08-22 1971-09-07 Myron Coleman Ladle lining
AT319988B (de) * 1970-06-13 1975-01-27 Didier Werke Ag Feuerfeste Bodenauskleidung für metallurgische Gefäße
AU3876272A (en) * 1972-02-08 1973-08-09 Didier Werke Ag Improving the durability of refractory linings
US3972516A (en) * 1975-06-23 1976-08-03 Dresser Industries, Inc. Shapes for use in lining metallurgical vessels
IT1049169B (it) * 1975-09-10 1981-01-20 Italsider Spa Rivestimento perfezionato per convertitori in materiale refrattario formato
DE2607598B2 (de) * 1976-02-25 1978-03-23 Eisenwerk-Gesellschaft Maximilianshuette Mbh, 8458 Sulzbach-Rosenberg Ausmauerung für kegelstumpfähnliche Wandkonstruktionen
USRE32205E (en) * 1980-09-08 1986-07-15 Dresser Industries, Inc. Basic oxygen furnace construction
DE3403490C2 (de) * 1984-02-02 1986-10-02 Klöckner CRA Technologie GmbH, 4100 Duisburg Verfahren zum Einbau eines Konverterbodens

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HU210999B (en) 1995-09-28
JPH08289B2 (ja) 1996-01-10
KR930005888B1 (ko) 1993-06-25
CA2031271C (en) 1996-02-27
CN1019758B (zh) 1992-12-30
TR26573A (tr) 1995-03-15
PL167827B1 (pl) 1995-11-30
AU633999B2 (en) 1993-02-11
EP0432628A1 (de) 1991-06-19
JPH04220160A (ja) 1992-08-11
ES2068976T3 (es) 1995-05-01
DE3940575A1 (de) 1991-06-13
BR9006243A (pt) 1991-09-24
DE3940575C2 (ja) 1991-09-12
CA2031271A1 (en) 1991-06-09
US5316268A (en) 1994-05-31
DE59008587D1 (de) 1995-04-06
AU6766790A (en) 1991-06-13
CN1052270A (zh) 1991-06-19
RU2098731C1 (ru) 1997-12-10
DK0432628T3 (da) 1995-07-24
ZA909615B (en) 1991-10-30
HUT57109A (en) 1991-11-28
ATE119209T1 (de) 1995-03-15
CS611290A3 (en) 1992-05-13
HU907664D0 (en) 1991-06-28
NZ236331A (en) 1993-09-27
KR910012270A (ko) 1991-08-07

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