EP0427033B1 - Dampferzeuger - Google Patents

Dampferzeuger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0427033B1
EP0427033B1 EP90120170A EP90120170A EP0427033B1 EP 0427033 B1 EP0427033 B1 EP 0427033B1 EP 90120170 A EP90120170 A EP 90120170A EP 90120170 A EP90120170 A EP 90120170A EP 0427033 B1 EP0427033 B1 EP 0427033B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
steam generator
flow
ignition
oxidizer
injection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90120170A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0427033A2 (de
EP0427033A3 (en
Inventor
Hans Prof.Dr. Sternfeld
Karlheinz Prof.Dr. Wolfmüller
Alfred Brunn
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV
Original Assignee
Deutsche Forschungs und Versuchsanstalt fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV DFVLR
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Deutsche Forschungs und Versuchsanstalt fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV DFVLR filed Critical Deutsche Forschungs und Versuchsanstalt fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV DFVLR
Publication of EP0427033A2 publication Critical patent/EP0427033A2/de
Publication of EP0427033A3 publication Critical patent/EP0427033A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0427033B1 publication Critical patent/EP0427033B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C5/00—Disposition of burners with respect to the combustion chamber or to one another; Mounting of burners in combustion apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/003—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method using combustion of hydrogen with oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/22—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method using combustion under pressure substantially exceeding atmospheric pressure
    • F22B1/26—Steam boilers of submerged-flame type, i.e. the flame being surrounded by, or impinging on, the water to be vaporised, e.g. water in sprays
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
    • F23D14/22—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/00012—Liquid or gas fuel burners with flames spread over a flat surface, either premix or non-premix type, e.g. "Flächenbrenner"

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a steam generator, in particular a hydrogen / oxygen steam generator, with a blow-in head, through which an oxidizer and a fuel are blown into a combustion chamber adjoining the blow-in head and which has a plurality of blow-in elements, which in turn jointly feed the oxidizer and the fuel into the combustion chamber blow, and with injectors into the combustion chamber for water.
  • US-A-4,377,067 discloses a steam generator in which the fuel is supplied to the combustion chamber through a plurality of tubular bodies which are used in bores in one insert and through bores in a further insert and bores in an additional insert and extend through bores in the injection plate into the combustion chamber and are welded to the partitions of the cavities.
  • tubular bodies now have both the central bore for the oxygen and bores arranged around it for the hydrogen, the central axis of the individual bores from which the hydrogen exits being inclined with respect to the axis of the bores from which the oxygen exits are.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of creating a steam generator of the generic type in which optimum combustion conditions are created in the combustion chamber.
  • the advantage of the solution according to the invention is that a reliable and, above all, stoichiometric combustion of the two is possible as a result of this type of injection of the oxidizer and the fuel, which is an imperative especially when using oxygen as the oxidizer and hydrogen as the fuel.
  • the ring flow and the cylinder flow are formed with flow directions running parallel to one another in the injection element and are blown into the combustion chamber.
  • the oxidizer is guided in the inner cylinder flow and the fuel in the outer ring flow, so that the fuel flow surrounds the flow of the oxidizer.
  • the oxidizer is preferably oxygen and the fuel is hydrogen, both being supplied in stoichiometric mass flow ratios.
  • the injection elements are arranged in an inner region of a base plate of the injection head which has an edge region which surrounds the inner region and is free of injection elements, this edge region preferably extending as far as a wall surrounding the combustion chamber .
  • This edge region free of blowing elements results overall in a better energy conversion downstream of the blowing elements and a lower thermal load on the combustion chamber wall.
  • the base plate is circular. It is therefore also expedient if the inner region is circular and the edge region represents a circular ring region surrounding the inner region.
  • the cross-sectional area of the cylinder flow is larger than that Cross-sectional area of the ring flow is maintained, in particular to achieve good mixing between the fuel and the oxidizer.
  • the length of the inner tube of the injection element forming the cylinder flow is at least three times its diameter.
  • a particularly preferred exemplary embodiment provides that an orifice opening of an ignition chamber or orifice openings of a plurality of ignition chambers are arranged in the edge region of the base plate. This ensures that the ignition chambers are outside the area in which the blowing elements intended for operation are arranged and thus the blowing elements can be optimally arranged regardless of the ignition chambers.
  • a plurality of ignition chambers are preferably provided.
  • the ignition chamber is preferably designed such that the oxidizer supplied in an inner cylinder flow and the fuel guided in an annular flow surrounding the inner cylinder flow are completely mixed before they emerge from the base plate in an ignition chamber.
  • the ignition chamber is advantageously arranged in such a way that it connects to an inner cylinder tube which generates the inner cylinder flow.
  • the ignition chamber is expediently arranged such that it is bounded by the continuation of the outer surface delimiting the ring flow.
  • an ignition element is preferably provided in the ignition space, in particular the ignition element being arranged directly in front of the mouth opening.
  • An exemplary embodiment of a steam generator according to the invention shown in FIG. 1, comprises an injection head 10, to which a combustion chamber 12 is connected, which is surrounded by a combustion chamber housing 14.
  • a combustion chamber housing In this combustion chamber housing at least one or more injection rings 16 are arranged at a distance from the injection head 10, by means of which water is injected into the combustion chamber, so that a steam flow 18 forms at an end opposite the injection head 10, which flows through an outlet opening 20 from the Steam generator exits.
  • the embodiment of the invention is preferably operated as a hydrogen / oxygen steam generator, in which an oxygen stream GO2 and a hydrogen stream GH2 are supplied to the injection head 10 in stoichiometric ratios, this injection head 10 then blowing the two streams into the combustion chamber 12.
  • the injection head which closes the combustion chamber 12 and is designated as a whole by 10, forms a base plate 22 which bears with an outer support edge 24 on an end flange 26 of the combustion chamber housing 14 and extends in a perpendicular to a longitudinal axis 28 of the combustion chamber housing Level extends.
  • the base plate 22 is provided with a plurality of injection elements, designated as a whole as 30, which are aligned with a longitudinal axis 32 parallel to the longitudinal axis 28 of the combustion chamber housing.
  • the blowing elements 30 are preferably arranged in a regular pattern in the inner region I and have essentially constant distances from one another.
  • Each of these injection elements 30 comprises a bore 34 which extends from a front side 36 of the base plate 22 facing the combustion chamber 12 through the base plate 22 in the direction away from the combustion chamber 12 to a hydrogen distribution space 38, and an inner tube 50 described below.
  • the hydrogen distribution space 38 is formed by an intermediate space between the base plate 22 and a parallel to this on the opposite side of the combustion chamber and at a distance from this arranged intermediate base 40, the supply of the hydrogen mass flow GH2 preferably in an outer region of the hydrogen distribution space 38, in particular via a radial Direction of the longitudinal axis 28 extending hydrogen supply line 42 takes place, which opens into the hydrogen distribution space 38.
  • an oxygen distribution space 44 is provided, which is formed on the one hand by the intermediate floor 40 and on the other hand by a rear cover 46 of the injection head 10.
  • An oxygen supply line 48 opens into this oxygen distribution space 44.
  • the injection elements 30 also include the inner tube 50, which passes through the intermediate floor 40 and extends from the oxygen distribution space 44 in the direction of the combustion chamber 12 and opens into the bore 34 with a front end 52, the front end 52 at a distance a behind the front side 36 of the base plate 22.
  • the inner tube 50 is aligned coaxially to the longitudinal axis of the respective blowing element 30 and has an outer diameter which is smaller than an inner diameter of the bore 34, so that, as shown in FIG. 3, an annular gap 54 between the inner tube 50 and the bore 34 remains.
  • annular flow 58 of hydrogen gas flows in the annular gap 54 between the inner tube 50 and the bore 34, which flows around the cylinder flow 56 to the front End 52 of the inner tube 50 runs separately, so that in the blowing element 30th both flows can only mix from the front end 52 of the inner tube.
  • the front end 52 is arranged at a distance a from the front side 36 of the base plate 22, mixing of the ring flow 58 with the cylinder flow 56 begins to a small extent even before the front side of the base plate 22 but then settles into the combustion chamber 12 to an increased extent continues and then takes place completely in this.
  • the cross-sectional area FZ provided for the cylinder flow is larger than the cross-sectional area FR provided for the ring flow, with the additional requirement that the oxygen and hydrogen are blown in with one another in stoichiometric ratios.
  • the length LI of the inner tube 50 is greater than three times the diameter of the inner tube.
  • the inner region I of the base plate 22, which is provided with the blowing elements 30, is additionally surrounded by an edge region R, which is the inner region I encloses an annular shape and extends up to an inner wall surface 60 of the combustion chamber housing 14. According to the invention, this edge region R is not provided with blowing elements 30.
  • ignition chambers 62 are preferably provided in the edge region R, which extend in particular in the opposite direction to the combustion chamber 12 from the base plate 22 and open with their front opening 64 in the front side 36 of the base plate 22.
  • the ignition chambers 62 comprise an outer tube 66 forming an outer wall thereof and a cylinder tube 68 arranged coaxially in this outer tube 66, which forms an annular space 70 between the outer tube 66 between an inner wall of the outer tube 66 and its own outer wall.
  • a rear end of the cylinder tube 68 is connected to an oxygen supply line 72, while a rear end of the annular space 70 is connected to a hydrogen supply line 74, so that a cylinder flow of oxygen is also surrounded by a ring flow of hydrogen.
  • the cylinder tube 68 preferably ends at a distance Z in front of the orifice 64 so that the ring flow of the hydrogen can completely mix with the cylinder flow of the oxygen in the ignition chamber 62.
  • An electrical igniter 76 is preferably provided between the end of the cylinder tube 68 and the orifice opening 64, which ignites the ring flow of hydrogen mixed with the cylinder flow of oxygen in front of the orifice opening 64, so that a burning jet 78 emerges from the orifice opening 64 in the base plate 22 emerges from hydrogen and oxygen, which is then able to ignite the hydrogen / oxygen flows emerging from the base plate 22 in the interior region I.
  • an ignition chamber 80 is preferably formed between the front end of the cylinder tube 68 and the mouth opening 64, which has the length Z and extends between the front end of the cylinder tube 68 and the mouth opening 64.
  • the ignition space is preferably delimited by an inner circumferential surface 82 of the cladding tube 66, which likewise contributes to the formation of the annular flow in the region between the cladding tube 66 and the cylinder tube 68 and continues up to the orifice opening 64.
  • An ignition head 84 of the ignition element 76 expediently protrudes beyond this inner circumferential surface and is arranged in a region where the oxidizer is completely mixed with the fuel, preferably directly in front of the opening 64.
  • a spark plug or a glow plug is preferably provided as the ignition element.
  • the area FI of the inner region is preferably selected so that it is less than or equal to 0.6 times the area FI + FRa, i.e. is the sum of the area of the inner area FI and the area of the edge area FRa.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
EP90120170A 1989-11-04 1990-10-20 Dampferzeuger Expired - Lifetime EP0427033B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3936806 1989-11-04
DE3936806A DE3936806C2 (de) 1989-11-04 1989-11-04 Dampferzeuger

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0427033A2 EP0427033A2 (de) 1991-05-15
EP0427033A3 EP0427033A3 (en) 1991-09-04
EP0427033B1 true EP0427033B1 (de) 1994-12-28

Family

ID=6392904

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90120170A Expired - Lifetime EP0427033B1 (de) 1989-11-04 1990-10-20 Dampferzeuger

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5088450A (fi)
EP (1) EP0427033B1 (fi)
JP (1) JP2609354B2 (fi)
DE (1) DE3936806C2 (fi)
DK (1) DK0427033T3 (fi)
ES (1) ES2068308T3 (fi)
FI (1) FI97422C (fi)

Families Citing this family (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE59007775D1 (de) * 1990-09-10 1995-01-05 Asea Brown Boveri Gasturbinenanordnung.
US6170264B1 (en) * 1997-09-22 2001-01-09 Clean Energy Systems, Inc. Hydrocarbon combustion power generation system with CO2 sequestration
US5758605A (en) * 1995-10-17 1998-06-02 Calkins; Noel C. Steam generator
DE19700994A1 (de) * 1997-01-14 1998-07-16 Siemens Ag Direkte Dampferzeugung
US6247316B1 (en) 2000-03-22 2001-06-19 Clean Energy Systems, Inc. Clean air engines for transportation and other power applications
US6824710B2 (en) 2000-05-12 2004-11-30 Clean Energy Systems, Inc. Working fluid compositions for use in semi-closed brayton cycle gas turbine power systems
WO2003049122A2 (en) * 2001-12-03 2003-06-12 Clean Energy Systems, Inc. Coal and syngas fueled power generation systems featuring zero atmospheric emissions
DE20221983U1 (de) 2002-09-17 2010-03-04 Alstom Technology Ltd. Dampferzeuger zum Erzeugen von Wasserdampf, insbesondere Reinstwasserdampf
AU2003295610B2 (en) * 2002-11-15 2010-01-28 Clean Energy Systems, Inc. Low pollution power generation system with ion transfer membrane air separation
WO2004081479A2 (en) * 2003-03-10 2004-09-23 Clean Energy Systems, Inc. Reheat heat exchanger power generation systems
US7721679B2 (en) * 2003-10-14 2010-05-25 Goodfield Energy Corporation Vapor generator with preheater and method of operating same
US7228822B2 (en) * 2003-10-14 2007-06-12 Goodfield Energy Corporation Vapor generator using pre-heated injected water
US7293532B2 (en) * 2003-10-14 2007-11-13 Goodfield Energy Corp. Heavy oil extraction system
US7028478B2 (en) * 2003-12-16 2006-04-18 Advanced Combustion Energy Systems, Inc. Method and apparatus for the production of energy
US20050241311A1 (en) * 2004-04-16 2005-11-03 Pronske Keith L Zero emissions closed rankine cycle power system
GB0420119D0 (en) * 2004-09-10 2004-10-13 Itm Power Improvements to combustion processes
CN100343478C (zh) * 2005-12-23 2007-10-17 江苏大江石油科技有限公司 亚临界复合热载体发生器的高温高压燃烧系统
CN102183041B (zh) * 2011-03-17 2016-06-22 王连起 超低耗、多种燃料无烟炉
CN103307602A (zh) * 2013-06-17 2013-09-18 湖南人文科技学院 一种多段配氧燃气涡流燃烧装置
DE102013014911A1 (de) * 2013-09-03 2015-04-09 Messer Austria Gmbh Brenner

Family Cites Families (10)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR324895A (fr) * 1902-10-02 1903-04-14 Jacobs Jean Générateur de vapeur à vaporisation instantanée
DE704301C (de) * 1937-04-23 1941-03-27 Wendt Von Rosenberg Einrichtung zum Einspritzen des zu verdampfenden Wassers fuer einen Dampferzeuger
US3204682A (en) * 1963-08-26 1965-09-07 American Gas Furnace Co Oxy-gas blowpipe
US3709473A (en) * 1969-08-26 1973-01-09 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Heating apparatus
JPS5118300A (ja) * 1974-08-06 1976-02-13 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Suijokihatsuseisochi
DE2933932C2 (de) * 1979-08-22 1982-12-09 Deutsche Forschungs- und Versuchsanstalt für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V., 5300 Bonn Dampferzeuger
US4377067A (en) * 1980-11-24 1983-03-22 Deutsche Forschungs- Und Versuchsanstalt Fur Luft- Und Raumfahrt Steam generator
US4474140A (en) * 1980-11-24 1984-10-02 Sternfeld Hans J Steam generator
US4861263A (en) * 1982-03-04 1989-08-29 Phillips Petroleum Company Method and apparatus for the recovery of hydrocarbons
US4558743A (en) * 1983-06-29 1985-12-17 University Of Utah Steam generator apparatus and method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2068308T3 (es) 1995-04-16
DE3936806A1 (de) 1991-05-08
JPH03221703A (ja) 1991-09-30
EP0427033A2 (de) 1991-05-15
FI97422C (fi) 1996-12-10
US5088450A (en) 1992-02-18
EP0427033A3 (en) 1991-09-04
JP2609354B2 (ja) 1997-05-14
DK0427033T3 (da) 1995-06-06
FI97422B (fi) 1996-08-30
DE3936806C2 (de) 1995-04-20
FI905454A0 (fi) 1990-11-02

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