EP0422603A1 - Method for dry cleaning with petroleum solvent - Google Patents

Method for dry cleaning with petroleum solvent Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0422603A1
EP0422603A1 EP90119398A EP90119398A EP0422603A1 EP 0422603 A1 EP0422603 A1 EP 0422603A1 EP 90119398 A EP90119398 A EP 90119398A EP 90119398 A EP90119398 A EP 90119398A EP 0422603 A1 EP0422603 A1 EP 0422603A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
solvent
washing bath
washing
fabrics
drying
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP90119398A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Kiyotaka Kuroki
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tokyo Sensen Kikai Seisakusho Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Tokyo Sensen Kikai Seisakusho Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tokyo Sensen Kikai Seisakusho Co Ltd filed Critical Tokyo Sensen Kikai Seisakusho Co Ltd
Publication of EP0422603A1 publication Critical patent/EP0422603A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F43/00—Dry-cleaning apparatus or methods using volatile solvents

Definitions

  • the dry cleaning more properly called “chemical cleaning” is classified into two types depending upon the kind of the solvent used in treating the washing such as fabrics or garments, etc: one uses a petroleum solvent and the other uses a synthetic solvent such as tetra­chloroethylene.
  • the petroleum solvent is a product obtained through refining of a crude oil taken out from underground.
  • a variety of solvents is available as classified according to their different boiling points during refining of the crude oil.
  • the conventional dry cleaning comprises at least a step of washing the fabrics with a solvent supplied into a washing bath rotated at a low speed, a step of centrifuging the fabrics with the washing bath rotated at a high speed, a step of distilling the drain by an indirect heating with a steam heat source, a step of distilling/recovering at which distilling the waste liquid from the drum by an indirect heating with a steam heat source and recovering clean solvent through distillation or purification by a condenser and water separator and a step of drying/solvent recovering at which the centrifuged fabrics are dried while the evaporated solvent is recovered as condensed.
  • the washing bath inside can be depressurized to the predetermined value to lower the oxygen density in the mixture to below the predetermined value at least before the step of drying, and then the oxygen density after dilution of the inert gas can be maintained at the predetermined value, so that the danger of solvent gas explosion in the subsequent drying step can be radically eliminated and the inert gas serves as a heat medium in place of air to shorten the time for drying the fabrics.
  • the step of depressurizing and inert gas introduction may be effected before a series of dry cleaning steps is done, namely, with the fabrics to be cleaned put into the washing bath, then the drum inside depressurized to the predetermined value, the inert gas introduced into the drum and thus the oxygen density of the mixture containing the solvent gas, inside the drum, maintained to below the predetermined value, subsequent steps of washing, centrifuging, rinsing, draining/distillation and drying/solve recovery can be successively effected.
  • the reference numeral 10 indicates a washing bath consisting of an inner drum 12 in which the fabrics or garments to be cleaned are put and an outer drum provided with a door 13 for an opening through which the fabrics are inserted and removed.
  • the washing of the fabrics in the washing bath 10 is done in two modes: one is a washing with stay of solvent in which the solvent is supplied in a predetermined amount from a base reservoir 16 for the solvent to the washing bath 10 by means of a pump 18 and washing is done with the solvent staying in the washing bath 10, and the other is a washing with circulation of solvent in which the washing is done with the solvent circulated.
  • These modes of washing may be independently done as selected depending upon the parameters such as kinds, extent of staining and weight of the fabrics, etc. or they may be done in combination, for example, the washing with solvent stay is done as followed by the washing with solvent circulation. This embodiment will be explained herebelow for the washing with solvent circulation.
  • the solvent used in the embodiment is "DRY SOLVENT (trade name) available from the Nippon Oil Co., Ltd. and its flash point is about 41°C.
  • the dry cleaning system for the method for dry cleaning comprises a circulation line A through which the solvent is supplied to the washing bath 10 via a filter 15 from the base reservoir 16 and also the solvent is circulated through a button trap 17, thereby permitting the washing with solvent circulation, a line B through which the solvent (drain) removed from the fabrics due to the high speed rotation of the washing bath 10 and containing the stains is delivered to a distiller 20, a line C through which the solvent distilled in the distiller 20 as indirectly heated with a hot vapor from the vapor source is recovered as clean solvent into the purifying agent reservoir 26 through a condenser 22, water separator 24 and valve 25, a drying line D incorporating a dust filter 20, fan 31 and heater 32 to dry the fabrics from which water has been removed, a recovery line E through which the solvent evaporated from the fabrics and inner wall of the washing bath is condensed in a condenser 34 and recovered through a water separator 38 into the base reservoir 16, a vacuum pump 42 connected to the drying line D by means of a valve 44,
  • the solvent is supplied to the washing bath 10 by means of the pump 18 along a line from the base reservoir 16, valve 50, check valve 52, filter 15, valve 54 to the washing bath 10.
  • the level of solvent inside the washing bath 10 is set at a predetermined position by a high level float 58 or low level float 60 provided in the button trap 60.
  • the valve 50 provides a disconnection between the base reservoir 16 and pump 18 and connects the inlet of the pump 18 to the button trap 17. Therefore, after the set liquid level is reached, the solvent is circulated along a line from the washing bath 10, valve 56, button trap 17, valve 50, check valve 52, filter 15, valve 54 to the washing bath 10. With the solvent circulated in this way, the inner drum 12 of the washing bath 10 is rotated forward or reversely, whereby the fabrics are washed with solvent circulated.
  • the valve 50 disconnects the base reservoir 16 from the pump 18 and also the inlet of the pump 18 from the button trap 17, and further the button trap 17 has a valve 62 thereof opened.
  • the contaminated solvent is sent to the distiller 20 through a valve 62 and check valve 66, and thereafter the contaminated solvent is removed with the fabrics centrifuged in the inner drum 12 of the washing bath 10 rotated at high speed, and similarly sent to the distiller 20 where it is distilled.
  • the evaporated solvent is condensed in the condenser 22.
  • the clean solvent thus obtained through the distillation is recovered into the clean solvent reservoir 26 through the water separator 24, valve 23 and valve 25.
  • the clean solvent thus recovered into the clean solvent reservoir 26 is reused in the step of rinsing as will be described.
  • the water separated in the water separator 24 is once preserved in a water reservoir 72, and discharged after completion of the distillation.
  • the distillation/solvent recovery line C is maintained under a pressure of about 160 Torr as evacuated by a vacuum pump 74. Namely, with valves 70, 78, 80 and 82 closed while the valves 23 and 25 are opened, the vacuum pump 74 is put into run, and thereafter a valve 76 us opened, the evacuation of the distillation/solvent recovery line C is started.
  • a pressure controller 84 having a vacuum gauge provided in the distillation/solvent recovery line C adjusts the opening of the valve 76 according to the pressure in the line C as shown with dash line to maintain the pressure of about 160 Torr.
  • the step of rinsing is done with the clean solvent supplied from the clean solvent reservoir 26 into the washing bath 10 with the valves 25 and 76 closed while the valves 70 and 78 are opened.
  • the solvent used in the rinsing is returned into the base reservoir 16 through the valve 56 and a valve 64 provided in the button trap 17. Namely, when the solvent has been nearly entirely removed from the fabrics due to the high speed rotation of the inner drum 12 of the washing bath 10, the valve 62 is closed while the valve 64 is opened.
  • the drying line D including the washing bath 10 is depressurized as evacuated by the vacuum pump 42 until the oxygen density of the mixture in the line D becomes about 5 vol%. Thereafter, nitrogen gas is introduced from the nitrogen gas generator 46 and the oxygen density of about 5.0 vol% is maintained after dilution with the nitrogen gas, thus the step of drying is started. This drying step will be explained in detail below.
  • valves 54 and 70 remain closed while the valve 56 is open.
  • the portion of the washing bath 10 higher than the predetermined liquid level and the upper portion of the base reservoir 16 com­municate with each other through a valve 57 provided atop of the button trap 17, and valves 29 and 33 in the drying line D are opened, so that the space to be evacuated by the vacuum pump 42 is the insides of the washing bath 10 and drying line D, upper space of the button trap 17 and upper space of the base reservoir 16 (where the solvent used in the step of rinsing stays).
  • the volume of such spaces is nearly 1,400 liters in this embodiment.
  • the spaces to be evacuated are charged with solvent gas at completion of the rinsing step, and the evacuation is started by opening the valve 44.
  • the pressure inside the washing bath 10 is monitored by the pressure controller 84, and when it has reached a value of from 160 to 260 Torr, the valve 44 is closed.
  • the oxygen density in the drying line D is measured by an oxygen density sensor 92 provided in the upper space of the base reservoir 16.
  • the oxygen density before evacuation is nearly 20.8 vol%, but after evacuation, it is about 5.0 vol%.
  • the pressure regulator or reducing valve 48 is opened and a nitrogen gas of about 99% in purity is introduced from the nitrogen gas generator 46 until the pressure inside the drying line D reaches a value of from 560 to 610 Torr. Then the oxygen density in the drying line D is about 5.2 vol%.
  • the step of drying/solvent recovery starts at this state.
  • the fan 31 is started, and the temperature of the heater 32 is set to about 80°C (50°C at the inlet). Also the water temperature of the chiller of the drying condenser 34 is set to a value of about 13 to 15 °C as measured at the inlet, and the step of drying/solvent recovery is started.
  • the heat medium containing the nitrogen gas in the drying line D is heated by the heater 32, and circulated by the fan 31 through the drying line D and washing bath 10.
  • the fabrics are dried with the heat medium thus circulated.
  • the nitrogen gas takes the place of air as heat medium, and the system inside is depressurized, so that the solvent contained in the fabrics is actively evaporated, thus permitting to reduce the time for drying and also completely eliminate the danger of explosion.
  • the evaporated solvent is condensed in the condenser 34 and recovered into the base reservoir 16 through the water separator 38.
  • the pressure in the drying line D is lower than the atmospheric pressure, so that after a valve 90 provided in the drying line D is opened, the door 13 can be opened for taking out the dry fabrics.
  • the oxygen density of the mixture in the drying line D is monitored with the oxygen density sensor 92 in the series of steps from the washing to drying/solvent recovery.
  • the alarm (not shown) is activated to give an alarm to the attendant of the dry cleaning system.
  • the oxygen density sensor 92 may be connected along with the pressure controller 84 provided in the distillation/solvent recovery line C to a microcomputer (not shown) so that when the oxygen density has reached about 10 vol%, the nitrogen gas is introduced again into the drying line D to dilute the mixture until the oxygen density reaches about 5.2 vol%.
  • the nitrogen gas is introduced from the nitrogen gas generator 46 until the pressure in the drying line D takes a value of from 560 to 610 Torr, but the nitrogen gas may be introduced until the oxygen density takes a value nearly equal to the atmospheric pressure. It is substantial that the oxygen density of the mixture at this time should be less than 11 vol%.
  • the pressure is checked by reading the scale of the vacuum gauge (not shown) provided in the washing bath 10, and after the pressure in the drying line D is adjusted to the atmospheric pressure by opening the valve 90 for ensuring the safety, the door 13 is opened to take out the dry fabrics.
  • Carbon dioxide may be used as inert gas. In this case, the oxygen density of the mixture diluted with the carbon dioxide may be less than about 14 vol%.
  • the dust filter 30 has provided therein a safety valve 94 which is so arranged as to open under a pressure of 0.06 kg/cm2 and prevent the pressure in the drying line D from rising abnormally.
  • the drying line D is always communicated with the washing bath 10.
  • the system should preferably be arranged so that after the valve 90 is opened to communicate the drying line D with the atmosphere and then the valves 29, 33, 56 and 57 are closed to isolate the washing bath 10 from the other system components in order to prevent the solvent gas from entering the washing bath 10, the dry fabrics are to be taken out from the washing bath 10.
  • the inside of the washing bath 10 may be depressurized by means of the vacuum pump to a predetermined value, then the inert gas be introduced to maintain the oxygen density of the mixture containing the solvent gas below the predetermined value, and in this condition, the subsequent steps of washing, centrifuging, rising, water separation/distillation and drying/solvent recovery can be successively done.
  • the present invention is based on the fact that the mixture containing the gas of a petroleum solvent of which the flash point is relatively low, used in the dry cleaning will not explode at the series of dry cleaning steps so long as the oxygen density of the mixture is lower than the peak value in the inflammable range between the limits of explosion or inflammability.
  • a step of evacuating the washing bath 10 to the predetermined value by means of the vacuum pump 18 and then introducing the nitrogen gas is provided at least before the drying step. Therefore, the oxygen density of the mixture containing the solvent at least in the washing bath 10 is maintained at the predetermined value, namely, below the peak value of the inflammable range. It is thus possible to minimize the danger of explosion due to the flashing of the solvent gas.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Accessory Of Washing/Drying Machine, Commercial Washing/Drying Machine, Other Washing/Drying Machine (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
EP90119398A 1989-10-11 1990-10-10 Method for dry cleaning with petroleum solvent Withdrawn EP0422603A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP263016/89 1989-10-11
JP1263016A JPH0649117B2 (ja) 1989-10-11 1989-10-11 可燃性溶剤によるドライクリーニングの乾燥方法

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0422603A1 true EP0422603A1 (en) 1991-04-17

Family

ID=17383714

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90119398A Withdrawn EP0422603A1 (en) 1989-10-11 1990-10-10 Method for dry cleaning with petroleum solvent

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0422603A1 (zh)
JP (1) JPH0649117B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR950003374B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1022939C (zh)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4232647A1 (de) * 1991-11-18 1993-05-19 Saal Waeschereimaschinentechni Verfahren und vorrichtung zum reinigen von textilien
WO1995017544A1 (de) * 1993-12-20 1995-06-29 Esatech Dr. Baumann Gmbh Vorrichtung zum reinigen von textilien
WO1995027098A1 (en) * 1994-03-31 1995-10-12 Renzacci S.P.A. Industria Lavatrici Method and apparatus for dry cleaning garments
US5488842A (en) * 1994-02-25 1996-02-06 Ebara Corporation Method for deodorizing and refreshing for dry cleaning and dry cleaning apparatus using such method
DE3935032C3 (de) * 1989-10-20 2000-08-24 Zinser Raimund Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Reinigen und Trocknen von Gegenständen

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0696076B2 (ja) * 1990-02-01 1994-11-30 三洋電機株式会社 ドライクリーナ
JPH05186702A (ja) * 1992-01-13 1993-07-27 Fuji Xerox Co Ltd ジハロゲン化スズフタロシアニンとハロゲン化ガリウムフタロシアニンとの混合結晶およびそれを用いた電子写真感光体
JP2588568Y2 (ja) * 1992-06-30 1999-01-13 株式会社東京洗染機械製作所 不活性ガス導入ドライクリーニング装置
CN1055260C (zh) * 1994-09-09 2000-08-09 叶和辉 一种集渣保温覆盖剂
JPH08332301A (ja) * 1995-06-06 1996-12-17 Tokyo Sensen Kikai Seisakusho:Kk 蒸留器付回収乾燥機
CN1061912C (zh) * 1997-03-27 2001-02-14 河北省正定县建筑保温材料厂 铝合金铸造用保温冒口套的制备方法
CN102454095B (zh) * 2010-10-26 2015-06-17 林内株式会社 衣服干燥机
CN110872770A (zh) * 2018-08-31 2020-03-10 美丰工业有限公司 干洗机、干洗系统及干洗方法
CN113089275A (zh) * 2021-03-26 2021-07-09 济南汇捷智能科技有限公司 一种干洗机主动安全检测方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE303106C (zh) *
DE296538C (zh) *
FR321542A (fr) * 1902-06-04 1903-01-13 Barbe Louis Etienne Nouveau procédé de nettoyage à sec
DE700093C (de) * 1939-07-02 1940-12-13 Moritz Jahr G M B H Verfahren zum Betrieb von Waschmaschinen fuer die zur Ausfuehrung des Verfahrens

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62224398A (ja) * 1986-03-25 1987-10-02 株式会社　山本製作所 ドライクリ−ニング用乾燥機に於ける爆発を防止する乾燥方法

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE303106C (zh) *
DE296538C (zh) *
FR1062E (fr) * 1903-05-25 Barbe Louis Etienne Nouveau procédé de nettoyage à sec
FR321542A (fr) * 1902-06-04 1903-01-13 Barbe Louis Etienne Nouveau procédé de nettoyage à sec
DE700093C (de) * 1939-07-02 1940-12-13 Moritz Jahr G M B H Verfahren zum Betrieb von Waschmaschinen fuer die zur Ausfuehrung des Verfahrens

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3935032C3 (de) * 1989-10-20 2000-08-24 Zinser Raimund Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Reinigen und Trocknen von Gegenständen
DE4232647A1 (de) * 1991-11-18 1993-05-19 Saal Waeschereimaschinentechni Verfahren und vorrichtung zum reinigen von textilien
WO1993010301A1 (de) * 1991-11-18 1993-05-27 Saal Wäschereimaschinentechnik Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zum reinigen von textilien
US5423921A (en) * 1991-11-18 1995-06-13 Saal; Hans-Udo Method and apparatus for cleaning textiles
WO1995017544A1 (de) * 1993-12-20 1995-06-29 Esatech Dr. Baumann Gmbh Vorrichtung zum reinigen von textilien
US5488842A (en) * 1994-02-25 1996-02-06 Ebara Corporation Method for deodorizing and refreshing for dry cleaning and dry cleaning apparatus using such method
EP0698680A1 (en) * 1994-02-25 1996-02-28 Ebara Corporation Method for deodorizing and refreshing for dry cleaning and dry cleaning apparatus using such method
US5511264A (en) * 1994-02-25 1996-04-30 Ebara Corporation Method for deodorizing and refreshing for dry cleaning
WO1995027098A1 (en) * 1994-03-31 1995-10-12 Renzacci S.P.A. Industria Lavatrici Method and apparatus for dry cleaning garments

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH0649117B2 (ja) 1994-06-29
KR950003374B1 (ko) 1995-04-12
KR910008216A (ko) 1991-05-30
JPH03126489A (ja) 1991-05-29
CN1022939C (zh) 1993-12-01
CN1051213A (zh) 1991-05-08

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